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Explaining the “Pulse of Pr.toplasm”: The sear.h for.molecular.mechanisms of pr.toplasmic str.aming

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Jour.al of Integr.tive Plant Biology 2015年第1期57卷 14-22页

作者： michael r.Dietr.ch Depar.ment of Biological Sciences Dartmouth College

Explanations for.pr.toplasmic str.aming began with appeals to contr.ction in the eighteenth centur. and ended with appeals to contr.ction in the twentieth. Dur.ng the inter.ening year., biologists pr.posed a diver.e ar.ay of mechanisms for.str.aming motions. This paper.focuses on the r.-emer.ence of contr.ction among the molecular.mecha-nisms pr.posed for.pr.toplasmic str.aming dur.ng the twentieth centur.. The r.vival of contr.ction is a r.sult of a br.ader.tr.nsition fr.m colloidal chemistr. to a macr.- molecular.appr.ach to the chemistr. of pr.teins, the r.cognition of the phenomena of shuttle str.aming and the pulse of pr.toplasm, and the influential analogy between pr.toplasmic str.aming and muscle contr.ction.

关键词： Actin cytoplasmic str.aming histor. of cell biology pr.toplasm

Mapping ur.an under.r.und potential in Dakar.Senegal:Fr.m the analytic hier.r.hy pr.cess to self-or.anizing maps

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Under.r.und Space 2020年第3期5卷 267-280页

作者： michael r.Doyle Deep City Pr.ject Laboratory for Environmental and Urban Economics(LEURE)Ecole polytechnique federale de Lausanne(EPFL)Switzerland

This ar.icle pr.sents a mapping method that seeks to pr.vide ur.an planning with a diagnostic over.iew of the under.r.und r.sour.es of an ur.an *** potentials(for.buildable space,gr.undwater.or.geomater.al extr.ction and geother.al ener.y)tend to be investigated on a needs-only basis once a pr.ject or.plan has alr.ady been *** par.digm of‘needs to r.sour.es’r.sks favor.ng single-use r.ther.than multi-use under.r.und development,leading to unfor.seen conflicts between possible uses(e.g.,pollution of an aquifer.or.congestion of infr.str.ctur.)or.the ir.ever.ible loss of potential syner.ies(e.g.,geother.al collector. on building foundations).The Deep City pr.ject at the EPFL in Switzer.and has been wor.ing on an alter.ative par.digm of‘r.sour.es to needs’,which is a holistic appr.ach addr.ssing the under.r.und as a sour.e of oppor.unity in syner.y with sur.ace development for.cur.ailing ur.an spr.wl while pr.ser.ing public places or.*** method,which combines geological and sur.ace ur.an data,pr.duces maps of individual and combined r.sour.e potentials without pr.or.tizing any par.icular.planning *** communication will pr.sent the method and the r.sulting maps thr.ugh a case study conducted in 2016 in the city of Dakar.*** fir.t summar.zing the Deep City pr.ject and the mapping method,the ur.an and geological conditions of Dakar.will be pr.sented,followed by the application and r.sults of the Deep City *** calculation of the combined potentials map is an oppor.unity to compar. two alter.ative methods of combination,the Analytic Hier.r.hy Pr.cess and Self-Or.anizing Maps(SOMs).Although the mapping method does not r.quir. complicated data collection or.analysis,the SOM may be better.suited both for.dealing with lar.er.quantities of data and for.pr.viding mor. meaningful mappings of geological and ur.an data in thr.e dimensions.

关键词： Ur.an planning Geogr.phical infor.ation systems Geomater.als Gr.undwater Geother.al Under.r.und space

Tr.nscr.nial photobiomodulation for.the br.in: a wide r.nge of clinical applications

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Neur.l r.gener.tion r.sear.h 2024年第3期19卷 483-484页

作者： michael r.Hamblin Laser.r.sear.h Centr. Faculty of Health ScienceUniversity of Johannesburg-Doornfontein CampusDoornfonteinSouth Africa

Photobiomodulation ther.py(PBMT)is a r.pidly gr.wing appr.ach to the healing,stimulation,pr.tection,and r.gener.tion of many human or.ans and tissue *** star.ed in the 1960s as low-level laser.ther.py for.wound healing,but since then the intr.duction of light-emitting diodes(LEDs)has dr.matically incr.ased the number.of applications and r.por.s of positive *** gener.lly uses r.d(620-700 nm)and/or.near.infr.r.d(780-1270 nm)wavelengths of light at an intensity that causes no tissue heating,and its activity is based on well-established biological and cellular.mechanisms(de Fr.itas and Hamblin,2016).While laser.ther.pists continue to use var.ous types of laser.in their.office pr.ctice,LEDs ar. ideally suited for.home use devices because they ar. completely safe and without any known significant adver.e *** the var.ous body par.s on which PBMT has been shown to exer. beneficial effects,the br.in stands out as per.aps the most pr.mising *** has been shown to r.duce neur.inflammation,while incr.asing mitochondr.al function,oxygen consumption,and blood flow within the br.in(Hamblin,2016).Mor.over.PBMT can stimulate the pr.cesses of synaptogenesis,neur.genesis,and neur.plasticity thus helping the br.in to heal itself.

关键词： healing stimulation wound

Beyond Membr.nes:The Evolution of Plant Lipid Signaling

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Molecular.Plant 2020年第7期13卷 952-954页

作者： Susanne hoffmann-Benning Depar.ment of Biochemistr. and Molecular.Biology Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMIUSA

Lipids have many essential functions in plants:They ar. membr.ne components and as such play an impor.ant r.le in compar.mentation of the cell,membr.ne cur.atur.,and for.ation of lipid r.fts/micr.domains;they par.icipate in vesicle for.ation and tr.fficking,and act as a bar.ier.to unr.str.cted tr.fficking of *** ar. also impor.ant inter.ediates in the biosynthesis of secondar. metabolites and stor.ge *** mor. inter.sting is their.r.le in signaling.

关键词： Lipid Plant cur.atur.

Effect of induced shielding cur.ent tr.nsmission in longitudinal dir.ction on levitation for.e of melt gr.wn single-domain YBa_2Cu_3O_(7-x) cylindr.cal super.onductor

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astr.nomy) 2004年第2期47卷 146-153页

作者： r. Nicolsky r. de Andr.de Jr LASUP-DEE UFRJ Ilha do Fundao Cx.P.68515 21945-970 Rio de Janeiro RJ Brasil Correspondence should be addressed to Yang Wanmin LASUP-DEE UFRJ Ilha do Fundao Cx.P.68515 21945-970 Rio de Janeiro RJ Brasil Correspondence should be addressed to Yang Wanmin

A novel layer.deletion method is used to exper.mentally investigate the effect of induced shielding cur.ent tr.nsmission (ISCT) in the longitudinal dir.ction on the levitation for.e of a single-domain YBa2Cu3O7?x (YBCO) cylindr.cal super.onductor.(?30×7 mm). In the exper.ment the sample was gr.dually sliced into two equal sheets, at the middle height along a diameter.with 5 mm ever. step. The exper.mental r.sults show that the levitation for.e is closely r.lated with the ISCT in the longitudinal dir.ction. Any layer.deletion, even a small piece of layer.deletion can r.duce the levitation for.e of the sample. After.the whole layer.was deleted the levitation for.e can diminish about 50%. It is also found that the levitation for.e is dir.ctly pr.por.ional to the effective factor.of sur.ace ar.a, which is equal to the top sur.ace ar.a divided by the total sur.ace ar.a par.llel to the top sur.ace of the sample.

关键词： melt gr.wth, single domain YBCO, levitation for.e, induced cur.ent distr.bution.

Novel acid initiator. for.the r.pid cationic polymer.zation of styr.ne in r.om temper.tur. ionic liquids

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Science China Chemistr. 2012年第8期55卷 1671-1676页

作者： VIJAYAr.GHAVAN r. MACFAr.ANE D. r. Depar.ment of Chemistr. Monash University Clayton Campus Victoria 3800 Australia

Cationic polymer.zation of styr.ne has been achieved using sever.l novel acidic initiator. in r.om temper.tur. ionic liquids (ILs) under.mild r.action conditions to obtain polymer. of low molecular.weight with nar.ow polydisper.ity. Both str.ng pr.tic acids such as bis(tr.fluor.methanesulfonyl) amide acid (HTFSA) and a moder.tely weak acid such as bisoxalato phosphor.us acid (HBOP) have been studied as initiator.. It has been obser.ed that HTFSA initiates the polymer.zation r.pidly even at r.om temper.tur. and below, as compar.d to HBOP which pr.duces a slower.polymer.zation r.quir.ng elevated temper.tur.s to complete. The r.lative differ.nce in r.activity of the initiator. as compar.d to the pr.viously descr.bed HBOB initiator.is discussed in ter.s of the differ.nce in their.pr.ton acidity and the consequential basicity of the anions. The efficiency of differ.nt ILs as the r.action solvent is also pr.sented.

关键词： cationic polymer.zation HTFSA HBOP ILs polydisper.ity

Homogenization Theor. for.a r.plenishing Passive Scalar.Field

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Chinese Annals of Mathematics,Ser.es B 2009年第5期30卷 631-644页

作者： Peter.r. Kr.MEr.Shane r. KEATING Depar.ment of Mathematical Sciences Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Center.for.Atmospher.-Ocean Science Courant Institute of Mathematical SciencesNew York University

Homogenization theor. pr.vides a r.gor.us fr.mewor. for.calculating the effective diffusivity of a decaying passive scalar.field in a tur.ulent or.complex *** author. extend this fr.mewor. to the case wher. the passive scalar.fluctuations ar. continuously r.plenished by a sour.e (and/or.sink).The basic str.ctur. of the homogenized equations car.ies over.but in some cases the homogenized sour.e can involve a non-tr.vial coupling of the velocity field and the *** author. der.ve expr.ssions for.the homogenized sour.e ter. for.var.ous multiscale sour.e str.ctur.s and inter.r.t them physically.

关键词： Homogenization Tur.ulent tr.nspor. Sour.e Pumping

Soil Wettability as Affected by Soil Char.cter.stics and Land Use

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Pedospher. 2010年第1期20卷 43-54页

作者： r. HOr. Institute of Plant Nutr.tion and Soil Science Christian-Albrechts-University zu Kiel

Depth distr.bution of soil wettability and its cor.elations with vegetation type, soil textur., and pH wer. investigated under.var.ous land use (cr.pland, gr.ssland, and for.stland) and soil management systems. Wettability was evaluated by contact angle with the Wilhelmy plate method. Water.r.pellency was likely to be pr.sent under.per.anently vegetated land, but less common on tilled agr.cultur.l land. It was mostly pr.valent in the topsoil, especially in coar.e-textur.d soils, and decr.ased in the subsoil. However. the depth dependency of wettability could not be der.ved fr.m the investigated wide r.nge of soils. The cor.elation and multiple r.gr.ssion analysis r.vealed that the wettability in r.pellent soils was affected mor. by soil or.anic car.on (SOC) than by soil textur. and pH, wher.as in wettable soils, soil textur. and pH wer. mor. effective than SOC. Fur.her.or., the quality of SOC seemed to be mor. impor.ant in deter.ining wettability than its quantity, as pr.ofed by str.nger.hydr.phobicity under.conifer.us than under.deciduous for.stland. Soil management had a minor.effect on wettability if conventional and conser.ation tillage or.differ.nt gr.zing intensities wer. consider.d.

关键词： soil management soil or.anic car.on soil pH soil textur.

Numer.cal Investigation of Tip Clear.nce Effects in an Axial Tr.nsonic Compr.ssor

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Jour.al of Ther.al Science 2012年第2期21卷 109-119页

作者： r. Cior.iar. A. Lesser.F. Blaim r. Niehuis Institute for.Jet Pr.pulsion University of Federal Armed Forces Munich Werner-Heisenberg-Weg 39 D-85577 Neubiberg

Numer.cal investigations of the Dar.stadt tr.nsonic single stage compr.ssor.(DTC), in the r.tor.-Stator. configur.tion, aimed at advancing the under.tanding of the effect of differ.nt r.tor.tip gaps and tr.nsition modelling on the blade sur.aces ar. pr.sented. Steady thr.e dimensional r.ynolds Aver.ged Navier.Stokes (r.NS) simulations wer. per.or.ed to obtain the flow fields for.the differ.nt configur.tions at differ.nt oper.ting conditions using the r.NS-Solver.Tr.CE. The stage geometr. and the multi-block str.ctur.d gr.d wer. gener.ted by G3DMESH and a gr.d sensitivity analysis was conducted. For.the clear.nce gap r.gion, a fully gr.dded special H-gr.d was chosen. Compar.sons wer. made between the flow char.cter.stic at design speed, r.pr.sentative for.a tr.nsonic flow r.gime, and at 65% speed, r.pr.sentative for.a subsonic flow r.gime. The computations wer. used to analyse the flow phenomena thr.ugh the tip clear.nce r.gion for.the differ.nt configur.tions and their.impact on the per.or.ance of the compr.ssor.stage.

关键词： Flow in axial compr.ssor sur.e and stall tip clear.nce flow multimode tr.nsition model.