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超声波降解全氟丁酸水溶液

化工学报 2011年第2期62卷 502-506页

作者：赵德明韩太平 hoffmann michael r. 徐新华浙江工业大学化学工程与材料学院浙江杭州310032 W.M.Keck Labor.tor.es California Institute of TechnologyCalifornia Pasadena 91125USA 浙江大学环境与资源学院浙江杭州310027

引言全氟丁酸（PFBA）作为全氟辛烷磺酸基化合物（PFOS）和全氟辛酸化合物（PFOA）的替代品,相对于PFOS和PFOA,因水溶解度更大和碳链短等特点造成PFBA更难处理和代谢[1-2]。

关键词：全氟丁酸超声波动力学降解

A spotlight on dosage and subject selection for.effective neur.pr.tection: explor.ng the centr.l r.le of mitochondr.a

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Neur.l r.gener.tion r.sear.h 2025年第4期20卷 1081-1082页

作者： John Mitr.fanis Jonathan Stone michael r.Hamblin Pier.e Magistr.tti Alim-Louis Benabid Glen Jeffer. Fonds Clinatec UniversitéGrenoble AlpesGrenobleFrance School of Medical Science University of SydneySydneyAustralia Faculty of Health Sciences University of JohannesburgJohannesburgSouth Africa King Abdullah Univer.ity of Science and Technology ThuwalSaudi Arabia Institute of Ophthalmology University College LondonLondonUK

Neur.ns ar. notor.ously vulner.ble cell *** the slightest change in their.inter.al and/or.exter.al envir.nments will cause much distr.ss and dysfunction,leading often to their.death.A r.nge of pathological conditions,including str.ke,head tr.uma,and neur.degener.tive disease,can gener.te str.ss in neur.ns,affecting their.sur.ival and pr.per.*** most neur.l pathologies,mitochondr.a become dysfunctional and this plays a pivotal r.le in the pr.cess of cell *** challenge over.the last few decades has been to develop effective inter.entions that impr.ve neur.nal homeostasis under.pathological *** inter.entions,often r.fer.ed to as disease-modifying or.neur.pr.tective,have,however.pr.ved fr.str.tingly elusive,at both pr.clinical and,in par.icular.clinical *** this per.pective,we highlight two factor. that we feel ar. key to the development of effective neur.pr.tective *** ar.:fir.tly,the choice of dose of inter.ention and method of application,and secondly,the selection of subjects,whether.they be patients or.the animal model.

关键词： pr.tective dosage distr.ss

Like a G6-nal:tr.nscr.ptional contr.l of G-pr.tein coupled r.ceptor. dur.ng oligodendr.glial development

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Neur.l r.gener.tion r.sear.h 2025年第7期20卷 2001-2002页

作者： Tim Aber.e michael Wegner Institut für.Biochemie Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-NürnbergErlangenGermany

Multilayer.d contr.l of myelination:Quick,saltator. conduction of action potentials along ner.e fiber. r.quir.s the electr.cal insulation of axons by myelinating *** the centr.l ner.ous system,this r.le is taken up by *** ar. mar.ed by the expr.ssion of the lineage deter.inants Sox10 and Olig2 and ar.se fr.m oligodendr.cyte pr.cur.or.cells(OPCs)dur.ng embr.onal *** the major.ty of OPCs differ.ntiate into matur. oligodendr.cytes when near.y axonal segments r.quir. myelination,a small subpopulation of OPCs per.ist as a pr.genitor.***,the timing of myelination and maintenance of the OPC pool both need to be pr.cisely *** tr.nscr.ption factor. either.positively or.negatively affect oligodendr.cyte differ.ntiation and maintenance of the OPC pool as components of a complex gene r.gulator. networ.(r.viewed in Sock and Wegner.2021).Networ. activity is additionally influenced by extr.cellular.signaling molecules that bind to r.ceptor. on the oligodendr.glial cell sur.ace and activate intr.cellular.signaling *** the r.ceptor. ar. linked to the networ. is poor.y under.tood so far.but pivotal to under.tanding the over.ll r.gulation of centr.l ner.ous system(CNS)myelination in r.sponse to envir.nmental *** insights wer. r.cently gained for.Gpr.7(Schmidt et al.,2024),a G-pr.tein coupled r.ceptor.GPCr.with known r.levance in differ.ntiating oligodendr.cytes(Yang et al,2016).

关键词： gained insulation conduction

Navigating the Challenges of Emer.ing Contaminants to Pr.tect Human and Ecological Health

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Engineer.ng 2024年第6期37卷 1-2页

作者： Jiuhui Qu michael r.hoffmann Gang Yu School of Envir.nment Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Linde-r.binson Labor.tor.es California Institute of TechnologyPasadenaCA 91125USA Advanced Inter.isciplinar. Institute of Envir.nmental and Ecology Beijing Normal UniversityZhuhai 519000China

Emer.ing contaminants ar. defined as chemicals that ar. not cur.ently(or.have only r.cently been)r.gulated and about which ther. ar. concer.s r.gar.ing their.impact on human or.ecological *** contaminants ar. widely detected in air.water.soil,sediment,and biotic *** is against this backdr.p of ur.ency that we have cur.ted this special issue titled“Emer.ing Contaminants Contr.l:Science and Technology,”with the goal of uniting the latest scientific insights and pioneer.ng str.tegies to addr.ss this global *** special issue embar.s on a compr.hensive examination of the emer.ing contaminants dilemma,cover.ng aspects such as r.sk assessment,r.mediation technologies,envir.nmental sur.eying,and the br.ader.implications for.*** a collection of ar.icles,we pr.be deep into the cor. of this issue,showcasing studies that r.nge fr.m appr.ising envir.nmental r.sks to for.ing new methods for.tr.atment and scr.tinizing the occur.ence of contaminants acr.ss differ.nt envir.nmental settings.

关键词： Ecological sur.eying envir.nmental

Kinetics of micr.wave-enhanced oxidation of phenol by hydr.gen per.xide

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Fr.ntier. of Envir.nmental Science & Engineer.ng 2011年第1期5卷 57-64页

作者： Deming ZHAO Jie CHENG michael r.hoffmann College of Chemical Engineer.ng and Mater.als Science Zhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou 310032China W.M.Keck Labor.tor.es California Institute of TechnologyPasadenaCA 91125USA

Aqueous solutions of phenol wer. oxidized by hydr.gen per.xide assisted by micr.wave(MW)ir.adiation.A simple kinetic model for.the over.ll degr.dation of phenol in the pr.sence of excess H_(2)O_(2) is pr.posed in which the degr.dation r.te of phenol is expr.ssed as a linear.function of the concentr.tions of phenol and H_(2)O_(2).A detailed par.metr.c study showed that the degr.dation r.te of phenol incr.ased with incr.asing[H_(2)O_(2)]until satur.tion was *** degr.dation followed appar.nt zer.-or.er.kinetics under.MW r.diation or.H_(2)O_(2) ***,after.90 min of ir.adiation,the obser.ed kinetics shifted to pseudo fir.t *** over.ll r.action r.tes wer. significantly enhanced in the combined MW/H_(2)O_(2) system,mainly because micr.wave could acceler.te H_(2)O_(2) to gener.te hydr.xyl r.dical(·OH)and other.r.active oxygen *** obser.ed syner.etic effects of the MW/H_(2)O_(2) pr.cess r.sulted in an incr.ased in the net r.action r.te by a factor.of *** hydr.gen per.xide is pr.sent in a lar.e stoichiometr.c excess,the time r.quir.d to achieve complete miner.lization is r.duced significantly.

关键词： micr.wave(MW)ir.adiation hydr.gen per.xide phenol syner.etic effects kinetic model

Emer.ing str.ctur.s and dynamic mechanisms ofγ-secr.tase for.Alzheimer.s disease

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Neur.l r.gener.tion r.sear.h 2025年第1期20卷 174-180页

作者： Yinglong Miao michael S.Wolfe Computational Medicine Pr.gr.m and Depar.ment of Phar.acology University of North Carolina–Chapel HillChapel HillNCUSA Depar.ment of Medicinal Chemistr. University of KansasLawrenceKSUSA

γ-Secr.tase,called“the pr.teasome of the membr.ne,”is a membr.ne-embedded pr.tease complex that cleaves 150+peptide substr.tes with centr.l r.les in biology and medicine,including amyloid pr.cur.or.pr.tein and the Notch family of cell-sur.ace *** inγ-secr.tase and amyloid pr.cur.or.pr.tein lead to ear.y-onset familial Alzheimer.s disease.γ-Secr.tase has thus ser.ed as a cr.tical dr.g tar.et for.tr.ating familial Alzheimer.s disease and the mor. common late-onset Alzheimer.s disease as ***,cr.tical gaps r.main in under.tanding the mechanisms of pr.cessive pr.teolysis of substr.tes,the effects of familial Alzheimer.s disease mutations,and alloster.c modulation of substr.te cleavage byγ-*** this r.view,we focus on r.cent studies of str.ctur.l dynamic mechanisms ofγ-*** mechanisms,including the“Fit-Stay-Tr.m,”“Sliding-Unwinding,”and“Tilting-Unwinding,”have been pr.posed for.substr.te pr.teolysis of amyloid pr.cur.or.pr.tein byγ-secr.tase based on all-atom molecular.dynamics *** an incor.ect r.gistr. of the Notch1 substr.te was identified in the cr.o-electr.n micr.scopy str.ctur. of Notch1-boundγ-secr.tase,molecular.dynamics simulations on a r.solved model of Notch1-boundγ-secr.tase that was r.constr.cted using the amyloid pr.cur.or.pr.tein-boundγ-secr.tase as a template successfully captur.dγ-secr.tase activation for.pr.per.cleavages of both wildtype and mutant Notch,being consistent with biochemical exper.mental *** appr.ach could be potentially applied to decipher.the pr.cessing mechanisms of var.ous substr.tes byγ-*** addition,contr.ver.y over.the effects of familial Alzheimer.s disease mutations,par.icular.y the issue of whether.they stabilize or.destabilizeγ-secr.tase-substr.te complexes,is ***,an outlook is pr.vided for.futur. studies ofγ-secr.tase,including pathways of substr.te binding and pr.duct r.lease,effects of modulator. on familial Alzheimer.s disease mutations

关键词： Alzheimer.s disease amyloid pr.cur.or.pr.tein cr.o-EM str.ctur.s dr.g design intr.membr.ne pr.teolysis molecular.dynamics Notch

NECAB family of neur.nal calcium-binding pr.teins in health and disease

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Neur.l r.gener.tion r.sear.h 2025年第5期20卷 1236-1243页

作者： Diones Bueno michael K.E.Schafer.Sudena Wang michael J.Schmeisser.Axel Methner Institute for.Molecular.Medicine University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-UniversityMainzGermany Depar.ment of Anesthesiology University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-UniversityMainzGermany Institute of Anatomy University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-UniversityMainzGermany

The N-ter.inal EF-hand calcium-binding pr.teins 1–3(NECAB1–3) constitute a family of pr.dominantly neur.nal pr.teins char.cter.zed by the pr.sence of at least one EF-hand calcium-binding domain and a functionally less well char.cter.zed C-ter.inal antibiotic biosynthesis monooxygenase domain. All thr.e family member. wer. initially discover.d due to their.inter.ctions with other.pr.teins. NECAB1 associates with synaptotagmin-1, a cr.tical neur.nal pr.tein involved in membr.ne tr.fficking and synaptic vesicle exocytosis. NECAB2 inter.cts with pr.dominantly str.atal G-pr.tein-coupled r.ceptor., while NECAB3 par.ner. with amyloid-β A4 pr.cur.or.pr.tein-binding family A member. 2 and 3, key r.gulator. of amyloid-β pr.duction. This demonstr.tes the capacity of the family for.inter.ctions with var.ous classes of pr.teins. NECAB pr.teins exhibit distinct subcellular.localizations: NECAB1 is found in the nucleus and cytosol, NECAB2 r.sides in endosomes and the plasma membr.ne, and NECAB3 is pr.sent in the endoplasmic r.ticulum and Golgi appar.tus. The antibiotic biosynthesis monooxygenase domain, an evolutionar.ly ancient component, is akin to atypical heme oxygenases in pr.kar.otes but is not wellchar.cter.zed in ver.ebr.tes. Pr.kar.otic antibiotic biosynthesis monooxygenase domains typically for. dimer., suggesting that calcium-mediated confor.ational changes in NECAB pr.teins may induce antibiotic biosynthesis monooxygenase domain dimer.zation, potentially activating some enzymatic pr.per.ies. However. the substr.te for.this enzymatic activity r.mains uncer.ain. Alter.atively, calcium-mediated confor.ational changes might influence pr.tein inter.ctions or.the subcellular.localization of NECAB pr.teins by contr.lling the availability of pr.tein–pr.tein inter.ction domains situated between the EF hands and the antibiotic biosynthesis monooxygenase domain. This r.view summar.zes what is known about genomic or.anization, tissue expr.ssion, intr.cellular.localization, inter.c

关键词： calcium EF hand mitochondr.a ner.ous system signal tr.nsduction

The insect cellular.immune r.sponse

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Insect Science 2008年第1期15卷 1-14页

作者： michael r. Str.nd Depar.ment of Entomology and Center.for.Emer.ing and Tr.pical Global Diseases University of Georgia Athens Georgia USA

The innate immune system of insects is divided into humor.l defenses that include the pr.duction of soluble effector.molecules and cellular.defenses like phagocytosis and encapsulation that ar. mediated by hemocytes. This r.view summar.zes cur.ent under.tand- ing of the cellular.immune r.sponse. Insects pr.duce sever.l ter.inally differ.ntiated types of hemocytes that ar. distinguished by mor.hology, molecular.and antigenic mar.er., and function. The differ.ntiated hemocytes that cir.ulate in lar.al or.nymphal stage insects ar.se fr.m two sour.es： pr.genitor.cells pr.duced dur.ng embr.ogenesis and mesoder.ally der.ved hematopoietic or.ans. r.gulation of hematopoiesis and hemocyte differ.ntiation also involves sever.l differ.nt signaling pathways. Phagocytosis and encapsulation r.quir. that hemocytes fir.t r.cognize a given tar.et as for.ign followed by activation of downstr.am signaling and effector.r.sponses. A number.of humor.l and cellular.r.ceptor. have been identified that r.cognize differ.nt micr.bes and multicellular.par.sites. In tur., activation of these r.ceptor. stimulates a number.of signaling pathways that r.gulate differ.nt hemocyte functions. r.cent studies also identify hemocytes as impor.ant sour.es Of a number.of humor.l effector.molecules r.quir.d for.killing differ.nt for.ign invader..

关键词： antimicr.bial peptides clotting cytokines Dipter. Dr.sophila encapsulation,hemocytes immunity insects Lepidopter. nodulation phagocytosis

Small extr.cellular.vesicles der.ved fr.m cer.br.l endothelial cells with elevated micr.r.A 27a pr.mote ischemic str.ke r.cover.

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Neur.l r.gener.tion r.sear.h 2025年第1期20卷 224-233页

作者： Yi Zhang Zhongwu Liu michael Chopp michael Millman Yanfeng Li Pasquale Ceppar.lo Amy Kemper.Chao Li Li Zhang Zheng Gang Zhang Depar.ment of Neur.logy Henry Ford HospitalDetroitMIUSA Depar.ment of Physics Oakland UniversityRochesterMIUSA Depar.ment of Pathology Henry Ford HospitalDetroitMIUSA Division of Phar.acology Department of NeuroscienceReproductive and Dentistry SciencesSchool of MedicineUniversity of Naples“Federico Ⅱ”NaplesItaly

Axonal r.modeling is a cr.tical aspect of ischemic br.in r.pair.pr.cesses and contr.butes to spontaneous functional *** pr.vious in vitr. study demonstr.ted that exosomes/small extr.cellular.vesicles(sEVs)isolated fr.m cer.br.l endothelial cells(CEC-sEVs)of ischemic br.in pr.mote axonal gr.wth of embr.onic cor.ical neur.ns and that micr.r.A 27a(mir.27a)is an elevated mir.A in ischemic *** the pr.sent study,we investigated whether.nor.al CEC-sEVs engineer.d to enr.ch their.levels of mir.27a(27a-sEVs)fur.her.enhance axonal gr.wth and impr.ve neur.logical outcomes after.ischemic str.ke when compar.d with tr.atment with non-engineer.d CEC-sEVs.27a-sEVs wer. isolated fr.m the conditioned medium of healthy mouse CECs tr.nsfected with a lentivir.l mir.27a expr.ssion *** EVs isolated fr.m CECs tr.nsfected with a scr.mble vector.Scr.-sEVs)wer. used as a *** male mice wer. subjected to per.anent middle cer.br.l ar.er. occlusion and then wer. r.ndomly tr.ated with 27a-sEVs or.*** ar.ay of behavior.assays was used to measur. neur.logical *** with tr.atment of ischemic str.ke with Scr.-sEVs,tr.atment with 27a-sEVs significantly augmented axons and spines in the per.-infar.t zone and in the cor.icospinal tr.ct of the spinal gr.y matter.of the dener.ated side,and significantly impr.ved neur.logical *** vitr. studies demonstr.ted that CEC-sEVs car.ying r.duced mir.27a abolished 27a-sEV-augmented axonal *** analysis r.vealed that 27a-sEVs systemically administer.d pr.fer.ntially localized to the pr.-synaptic active zone,while quantitative r.ver.e tr.nscr.ption-polymer.se chain r.action and Wester. Blot analysis showed elevated mir.27a,and r.duced axonal inhibitor. pr.teins Semaphor.n 6A and r.s Homolog Family Member.A in the per.-infar.t *** of the Clathr.n-dependent endocytosis pathway substantially r.duced neur.nal inter.alization of *** data pr.vide evidence that 27a-sEVs have

关键词： axonal r.modeling cer.br.l endothelial cells exosomes mir.27a mitochondr.a Semaphor.n 6A small extr.cellular.vesicles str.ke