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Interfacial engineering through lead binding using crown ethers in perovskite solar cells

Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第5期92卷 263-270页

作者： Sun-Ju Kim YeonJu Kim Ramesh Kumar Chitumalla Gayoung Ham Thanh-Danh Nguyen Joonkyung Jang Hyojung cha.Jovana Milić Jun-ho Yum Kevin Sivula Ji-Youn Seo Department of Nano Fusion Technology Pusan National UniversityBusan 46241Republic of Korea Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Optoelectronic Nanomaterials Institute of Chemical Sciences and EngineeringÉcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne(EPFL)1015 LausanneSwitzerland Department of Energy Convergence and Climate cha.ge Kyungpook National UniversityDaegu 41566Republic of Korea Department of Hydrogen and Renewable Energy Kyungpook National UniversityDaegu 41566Republic of Korea Adolphe Merkle Institute University of FribourgCH-1700 FribourgSwitzerland

In the domain of perovskite solar cells(PSCs),the imperative to reconcile impressive photovoltaic performance with lead-related issue and environmental stability has driven innovative *** study pioneers an approach that not only rectifies lead leakage but also places paramount importance on the attainment of rigorous interfacial *** ethers,notably benzo-18-crown-6-ether(B18C6),were strategically integrated at the perovskite-hole transport material *** ethers exhibit a dual role:efficiently sequestering and immobilizing Pb^(2+)ions through host-guest complexation and simultaneously establishing a robust interfacial passivation *** crown ether candidates,guided by density functional theory(DFT)calculations,demonstrated proficiency in binding Pb2+ions and optimizing interfacial *** devices incorporating these materials achieved exceptional power conversion efficiency(PCE),notably 21.7%for B18C6,underscoring their efficacy in lead binding and interfacial *** techniques,including time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry(ToF-SIMS),ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy(UPS),time-resolved photoluminescence(TRPL),and transient absorption spectroscopy(TAS),unequivocally affirmed Pb^(2+)ion capture and suppression of non-radiative ***,these PSCs maintained efficiency even after enduring 300 h of exposure to 85%relative *** research underscores the transformative potential of crown ethers,simultaneously addressing lead binding and stringent interfacial passivation for sustainable PSCs poised to commercialize and advance renewable energy applications.

关键词： Perovskite solar cells Interfacial passivation Crown ether materials Stability

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ELK3-ID4 axis governs the metastatic features of triple negative breast cancer

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Oncology Research 2024年第1期32卷 127-138页

作者： JIN-ho ChoI JOO DONG PARK SEUNG HEE ChoI EUN-SU KO HYE JUNG JANG KYUNG-SOON PARK Department of Biomedical Science CHA UniversitySeongnamKorea

Purpose:Cancer cell metastasis is a multistep process,and the mecha.ism underlying extravasation remains ***3 is a transcription factor that plays a crucial role in regulating various cellular processes,including cancer *** on the finding that ELK3 promotes the metastasis of triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC),we investigated whether ELK3 regulates the extravasation of TNBC by forming the ELK3-ID4 ***4 functions as a transcriptional regulator that interacts with other transcription factors,inhibiting their activity and subsequently influencing various biological processes associated with cell differentiation,survival,growth,and ***:We assessed the correlation between the expression of ELK3 and that of ID4 in TNBCs using bioinformatics analyses,QRT-PCR,western blot analysis,luciferase reporter assays,and chromatin ***,adhesion,invasion,and lung metastasis assays were employed to determine whether the ELK3-ID4 axis regulates the metastatic features of ***:We found that ELK3 binds directly to a binding motif close to the ID4 promoter to repress promoter *** expression of E-cadherin in TNBC was regulated by the ELK3-ID4 *** vitro and in vivo analyses showed that inhibiting ID4 expression in ELK3-knockdown MDA-MB-231(ELK3KD)cells restored the ability to extravasate and ***:The results indicate that the ELK3 regulates ID4 promoter activity,and that the ELK3-ID4 axis regulates the metastatic cha.acteristics of TNBC ***,the data suggest that the ELK3-ID4 axis regulates metastasis of TNBCs by modulating expression of E-cadherin.

关键词： E-cadherin Extravasation Colonization

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“Standby” EMT and “immune cell trapping” structure as novel mecha.isms for limiting neuronal damage after CNS injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2014年第23期9卷 2032-2035页

作者： Jong-ho cha.Kyu-Won Kim SNU-Harvard Neuro Vascular Protection Research Center College of Pharmacy Seoul National University Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology and College of Medicine or College of PharmacySeoul National University

The central nervous system （CNS） contains the two most important organs, the brain and spinal cord, for the orchestration of the mental and physical activities of life. Because of its importance, the human body has evolved barrier systems to protect CNS tissue from the external environment. This barrier is a membrane composed of tightly apposed cells and is selectively permeable to specific molecules by way of membrane transporters.

关键词： EMT and immune cell trapping Standby CNS structure as novel mecha.isms for limiting neuronal damage after CNS injury cell

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Comparative study of extrudability, microstructure, and mecha.ical properties of AZ80 and BA53 alloys

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2023年第1期11卷 249-258页

作者： Sang-Cheol Jin Jae Won cha.Jongbin Go Jun ho Bae Sung Hyuk Park School of Materials Science and Engineering Kyungpook National UniversityDaegu 41566Republic of Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering Kyoto UniversityKyoto 606-8501Japan Advanced Metals Division Korea Institute of Materials ScienceChangwon 51508Republic of Korea

The extrudability,microstructural cha.acteristics,and tensile properties of the Mg–5Bi–3Al(BA53)alloy are investigated herein by comparing them with those of a commercial Mg–8Al–0.5 Zn(AZ80)*** AZ80 is extruded at 400℃,severe hot cracking occurs at exit speeds of 4.5 m/min or *** contrast,BA53 is successfully extruded without any surface cracking at 400℃ and at high exit speeds of 21–40 m/*** extruded at 3 m/min(AZ80–3)and 40 m/min(BA53–40),both AZ80 and BA53 exhibited completely recrystallized microstructures with abasal ***,BA53–40 has a coarser grain structure owing to grain growth promoted by the high temperature in the deformation ***80–3 contains a continuous network of Mg_(17)Al_(12) particles along the grain boundaries,which form via static precipitation during natural air-cooling after the material exits the extrusion ***53–40 contains coarse Mg_(3)Bi_(2) particles aligned parallel to the extrusion direction along with numerous uniformly distributed fine Mg_(3)Bi_(2) ***80–3 has higher tensile strength than BA53–40 because the relatively finer grains and larger number of solute atoms in AZ80–3 result in stronger grain-boundary and solid-solution hardening effects,*** BA53 is extruded at a high temperature and extrusion speed of 400℃ and 40 m/min,respectively,the extruded material has a high tensile yield strength of 188 *** can be primarily attributed to the large particle hardening effect resulting from the numerous fine Mg_(3)Bi_(2) particles.

关键词： Mg-Bi-Al alloy Extrusion hot cracking Second phase Tensile properties

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Effects of Al addition on microstructure and mecha.ical properties of extruded Mg-3Bi alloy

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2022年第7期10卷 1887-1898页

作者： Sang-Cheol Jin Jae Won cha.Jun ho Bae Hui Yu Sung Hyuk Park School of Materials Science and Engineering Kyungpook National UniversityDaegu 41566Republic of Korea Implementation Research Division Korea Institute of Materials ScienceChangwon 51508Republic of Korea School of Materials Science and Engineering Hebei University of TechnologyTianjin 300130China

Effects of Al addition to a Mg±Bi binary alloy on its microstructural cha.acteristics and tensile properties after extrusion are investigated via extrusion of Mg-3Bi±x Al(x=0,1,and 2 wt%)billets and analysis of the extruded *** Al addition negligibly affects the second-phase particles of the extruded alloy;however,an increase in the Al content causes significant decreases in the average grain size and maximum texture intensity of the extruded material owing to an increase in the area fraction of dynamically recrystallized(DRXed)*** Al addition improves the strength of the extruded alloy;this improvement is attributed to the enhanced grain-boundary hardening and solid-solution hardening effects induced by grain refinement and Al solute atoms,*** the Al content increases from 0 wt%to 1 wt%and 2 wt%,the tensile elongation increases substantially from 2.8%to 9.4%and 16.9%,*** reduction in the number and size of un DRXed grains with increasing Al content suppresses the formation and coalescence of cracks in the un DRXed grains during tension,which results in a significant improvement in the tensile ductility of the extruded *** tensile deformation,large undesirable twins that act as crack initiation sites are locally formed in the un DRXed grains of the Mg-3Bi alloy,whereas relatively smaller twins are uniformly formed in both the DRXed and the un DRXed grains of the Mg-3Bi-2Al ***,the extruded Mg-3Bi-2Al alloy has a substantially higher tensile yield strength±elongation product(2924 MPa%)than the extruded Al-free B3 alloy(381 MPa%).

关键词： Mg-Bi-Al alloy Extrusion Microstructure Strength Ductility

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Predicting the Rainfall-Triggered Landslides in a Forested Mountain Region Using TRIGRS Model

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Journal of Mountain Science 2010年第1期7卷 83-91页

作者： Dongyeob KIM Sangjun IM Sang ho LEE Youngjoo hoNG Kyung-Sub cha Dept. of Forest Sciences Seoul National University Dept. of Forest Sciences Research Institute for Agriculture & life sciences Seoul National University Civil Engineering Team DaeWoo E&C Suwon 440-210 Korea

Landslides are natural disasters which can pose a serious threat to human and property in many areas around the world. The Transient Rainfall Infiltration and Grid-based Regional Slope-stability (TRIGRS) model was used to investigate the rainfall-induced shallow landslides in a forested mountain region, Korea. Various input data for TRIGRS model include time-varying rainfall, topographic cha.acteristics, soil depth, material strength, and hydraulic properties. A series of calculations were conducted in determining the slope stability over the Jangheung region in Korea during the storm occurred on August 6, 1998. The results show that TRIGRS model captured about 64.1% of landslides that were extracted from the IKONOS2 imageries. The model demonstrated how the factor of safety cha.ged with time during a storm considering both the transient and spatial responses of pore water pressure in its slope stability calculation.

关键词： TRIGRS landslides IKONOS2 safetyfactor slope stability Korea

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Size-dependent transition of the deformation behavior of Au nanowires

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Nano Research 2015年第3期8卷 941-947页

作者： Na-Young Park ho-Seok Nam PiI-Ryung cha.Seung-Cheol Lee School of Advanced Materials Engineering Kookmin University Seou1136-702 R. O. Korea Future Convergence Research Division Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) Seou1136-791 R. O. Korea Indo-Korea Science and Technology Center Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) Seou1136-791 R. O. Korea

Inspired by the controversy over tensile deformation modes of single-crystalline 〈110〉/{111} Au nanowires, we investigated the dependency of the deformation mode on diameters of nanowires using the molecular dynamics technique. A new criterion for assessing the preferred deformation mode-slip or twin propagation--of nanowires as a function of nanowire diameter is presented. The results demonstrate the size-dependent transition, from superplastic deformation mediated by twin propagation to the rupture by localized slips in deformed region as the nanowire diameter decreases. Moreover, the criterion was successfully applied to explain the superplastic deformation of Cu nanowires.

关键词： Au nanowire molecular dynamics size-dependent transition tensile deformationmecha.ism

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Comparison of the Bright Band cha.acteristics Measured by Micro Rain Radar (MRR) at a Mountain and a Coastal Site in South Korea

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2009年第2期26卷 211-221页

作者： Joo-Wan cha.Ki-ho cha.G Seong Soo YUM Young-Jean ChoI Department of Atmospheric Sciences Yonsei University Global Environment System Research Laboratory NIMR/KMA

Data from a long term measurement of Micro Rain Radar （MRR） at a mountain site （Daegwallyeong, DG, one year period of 2005） and a coastal site （Haenam, HN, three years 2004-2006） in South Korea were analyzed to compare the MRR measured bright band cha.acteristics of stratiform precipitation at the two sites. On average, the bright band was somewhat thicker and the sharpness （average gradient of reflectivity above and below the reflectivity peak） was slightly weaker at DG, compared to those values at HN. The peak reflectivity itself was twice as strong and the relative location of the peak reflectivity within the bright band was higher at HN than at DG. Importantly, the variability of these values was much larger at HN than at DG. The key parameter to cause these differences is suggested to be the difference of the snow particle densities at the two sites, which is related to the degree of riming. Therefore, it is speculated that the cloud microphysical processes at HN may have varied significantly from un-rimed snow growth, producing low density snow particles, to the riming of higher density particles, while snow particle growth at DG was more consistently affected by the riming process, and therefore high density snow particles. Forced uplifting of cloudy air over the mountain area around DG might have resulted in an orographic supercooling effect that led to the enhanced riming of supercooled cloud drops.

关键词： Micro Rain Radar bright band thickness and sharpness cloud microphysical processes local cha.acteristics

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Improvement in tensile strength of extruded Mg-5Bi alloy through addition of Sn and its underlying strengthening mecha.isms

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2022年第11期10卷 3100-3112页

作者： Sang-Cheol Jin Jae Won cha.Jeong Hun Lee Taekyung Lee Sang-ho Han Sung Hyuk Park School of Materials Science and Engineering Kyungpook National UniversityDaegu 41566Republic of Korea Ulsan Regional Division Korea Institute of Industrial TechnologyUlsan 44413Republic of Korea School of Mecha.ical Engineering Pusan National UniversityBusan 46241Republic of Korea Department of Materials Analysis Korea Institute of Materials ScienceChangwon 51508Republic of Korea

Through an investigation of the microstructure and mecha.ical properties of extruded Mg–5Bi–x Sn(BT5x, x = 0, 2, 4, and 6 wt%) alloys,this study demonstrates that the addition of Sn to an Mg–5Bi binary alloy significantly improves the tensile strength of the extruded *** the extruded alloys exhibit a typical basal fiber texture and a partially dynamically recrystallized(DRXed) microstructure consisting of fine DRXed grains and coarse un DRXed grains. As the Sn content increases from 0 wt% to 6 wt%, the average size of the DRXed grains decreases from 4.2 to 2.8 μm owing to the increase in the amount of precipitates via their grain-boundary pinning effect. The extruded B5 and BT52 alloys contain numerous Mg_(3)Bi_(2) precipitates, but their size and number density are smaller and higher, respectively, in the latter *** Mg_(2)Sn precipitates as well as Mg_(3)Bi_(2)precipitates are present in the extruded BT54 and BT56 alloys, and the number density of the Mg_(2)Sn precipitates is higher in the latter alloy because of its higher Sn content. The addition of 2 wt% Sn to the B5 alloy significantly improves the yield strength(YS) and ultimate tensile strength(UTS) of the extruded alloy—by 76 and 57 MPa, respectively. This drastic improvement is the combined outcome of enhanced grain-boundary hardening, precipitation hardening, and solid-solution hardening effects induced by the refined DRXed grains, numerous precipitates, and Sn solute atoms, respectively. The further addition of 2 wt% or 4 wt% Sn to the BT52 alloy leads to moderate increments in the YS and UTS of the extruded alloy. Specifically, each addition of 2 wt% Sn increases the YS and UTS by ~26 and ~20 MPa, respectively, which is attributed mainly to the additional precipitation hardening effect induced by the Mg_(2)Sn precipitates.

关键词： Mg-Bi-Sn alloy Extrusion Precipitation Microstructure Tensile property

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Retinal artery/arteriole occlusion risks after endovascular treatment for unruptured intracranial aneurysm

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2024年第3期9卷 295-305,I0251-I0263页

作者： Hae Rang Kim Min Jeoung Kim Sunyeup Kim Myung Soo cha.g Dong Joon Kim Byung Moon Kim Keun Young Park Yong Bae Kim Christopher Seungkyu Lee Suk ho Byeon Sung Soo Kim Seung Won Lee Yong Joon Kim Department of Ophthalmology CHA Bundang Medical CenterCHA University College of MedicineSeongnamKorea(the Republic of) Department of Neurosurgery Severance Stroke CenterSeverance HospitalYonsei University College of MedicineSeoulKorea(the Republic of) Department of Neurosurgery Uijeongbu St.Mary’s HospitalThe Catholic University of Korea College of MedicineUijeongbuKorea(the Republic of) Department of Medical AI Sungkyunkwan University School of MedicineSuwonKorea(the Republic of) Department of Ophthalmology Institute of Vision ResearchYonsei University College of MedicineSeoulKorea(the Republic of) Department of Radiology Severance Stroke CenterSeverance HospitalYonsei University College of MedicineSeoulKorea(the Republic of) Department of Precision Medicine Sungkyunkwan University School of MedicineSuwonKorea(the Republic of)

Background To evaluate the association between retinal artery/arteriole occlusion(RAO)and unruptured intracranial aneurysm(UIA).Methods Incident UIA patients from a nationwide cohort(n=253240)were categorised into three groups based on subsequent treatment:observation(n=208993),microsurgical clipping(n=14168)and endovascular treatment(EVT)groups(n=30079).The incidence and the incident time of RAO were *** of RAO and associated risk factors were ***,a hospital cohort comprising 2569 consecutive UIA patients treated at a tertiary hospital was analysed with detailed clinical information of *** In the nationwide cohort analysis,the incidence of RAO was significantly higher in EVT group than in observation and clipping groups,especially within 60 days(early RAO(within 60 days):HR=4.00,95%CI:2.44 to 6.56);delayed RAO(after 60 days:HR=1.74,95%CI:1.13 to 2.68).Multivariable analysis showed that the presence of chronic kidney disease(p=0.009)and use of a balloon microcatheter during the procedure(p=0.013)were associated with a higher risk of *** hospital cohort analysis,11(0.8%)cases of RAO occurred after EVT,whereas none occurred after microsurgical clipping(phould be taken when treating paraclinoid aneurysms with balloon microcatheters.

关键词： treatment nationwide balloon

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