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Production of Ergot Alkaloids by the Japanese Isolate Claviceps purpurea var. agropyri on Rice Medium

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Advances in Microbiology 2022年第4期12卷 254-269页

作者： Yuji Doi Daigo Wakana hisashi takeda Eiji Tanaka Tomoo Hosoe Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Hoshi University Shinagawa Japan Department of Environmental Science Ishikawa Prefectural University Nonoichi Japan

Ergot alkaloids (EAs) are secondary metabolites produced by ergot fungi (e.g., Claviceps purpurea), which are parasites of Gramineae grasses. EAs and their analogs are used to treat migraine, postpartum uterine bleeding, and Parkinson's syndrome. Recent studies have reported additional new bioactive activities of EAs and their analogs, making them essential compounds for drug development, drug repositioning, and clinical applications. EAs are produced industrially by field cultivation of ergot or liquid fermentation in the mycelial phase, but there are few published studies of the production of EAs by cereal culture and thus this approach is poorly understood. This study searched for Claviceps strains that produce EAs cultured artificially in the mycelial phase, then the selected strains were cultured on cereal media (white rice, brown rice, and rye) to examine their ability to produce EAs on each medium. C. purpurea var. agropyri produced the Clavine-type EAs pyroclavine (1), festuclavine (2), and agroclavine (3) in the mycelial phase. When cultured with white rice, brown rice, or rye, C. purpurea var. agropyri produced 1 - 3 on all cereal media. The total amount of 1 - 3 in each cereal medium (150 g of cereal per Roux flask) was 2220.5 ± 564.1 μg for white rice, 920.0 ± 463.6 μg for brown rice, and 595.4 ± 52.1 μg for rye. The white rice medium supported the highest production of 1 - 3, with the total amount of EAs (150 g of white rice per Roux flask) being about 34 times higher than that in the T25 liquid medium (190 mL per 1 L Erlenmeyer flask) (equivalent amount per flask).

关键词： Claviceps Ergot Alkaloid Rice Culture Pyroclavine Festuclavine Agroclavine

Secalonic Acid and Benzoic Acid Analogues Exhibiting Cyto toxicity against Cancer Cells Isolated from Claviceps yanagawaensis

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Advances in Microbiology 2022年第12期12卷 649-670页

作者： Yuji Doi Daigo Wakana Satoshi Kitaoka hisashi takeda Eiji Tanaka Tomoo Hosoe Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Hoshi University Tokyo Japan Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Josai University Sakado Japan Department of Environmental Science Ishikawa Prefectural University Nonoichi Japan

The genus Claviceps (Clavicipitaceae) is noted for producing ergot alkaloids that cause ergotism. Claviceps yanagawaensis, a parasite of Zoysia japonica (family: Poaceae), has been isolated in Japan. Bioactivity screening showed that a methanol extract from a rice culture of C. yanagawaensis was cytotoxic to cancer cells. In our search for active substances, the new secalonic acid analogues (-)-5-epi-F-7 (1) and ergochrysin C (2) and a new benzoic acid analogue, dimethyl bigutol (3), were isolated along with the known compounds 3,4-dihydroxy-5-(3-methyl-2-buten-1-yl)benzoic acid (4) and methyl veratrate (5). The structures of 1 - 3 were elucidated by NMR, MS, and circular dichroism spectroscopy. MTT assays of 1 - 5 using cancer cell lines (HepG2, HL60, HT29, PANC-1, and T98G) showed that 1 - 4 exhibited cytotoxicity against cancer cells.

关键词： Claviceps Secalonic Acid MTT Assay

Spectroscopic Determination of C,N,and O Abundances of Solar-analog Stars Based on the Lines of Hydride Molecules

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2023年第2期23卷 107-120页

作者： Yoichi takeda 11-2 Enomachi Naka-kuHiroshima-shi730-0851Japan

Photospheric C,N,and O abundances of 118 solar-analog stars were determined by applying the synthetic-fitting analysis to their spectra in the blue or near-UV region comprising lines of CH,NH,and OH molecules,with an aim of clarifying the behaviors of these abundances in comparison with[Fe/H].It turned out that,in the range of-0.6■[Fe/H]■+0.3,[C/Fe]shows a marginally increasing tendency with decreasing[Fe/H]with a slight upturn around[Fe/H]~0,[N/Fe]tends to somewhat decrease toward lower[Fe/H],and[O/Fe]systematically increases (and thus[C/O]decreases) with a decrease in[Fe/H].While these results are qualitatively consistent with previous determinations mostly based on atomic lines,the distribution centers of these[C/Fe],[N/Fe],and[O/Fe]at the near-solar metallicity are slightly negative by several hundredths of dex,which is interpreted as due to unusual solar abundances possibly related to the planetary formation of our solar ***,clear anomalies are not observed in the[C,N,O/Fe]ratios of planet-host *** out of four very Be-deficient stars were found to show anomalous[C/Fe]or[N/Fe]which may be due to mass transfer from the evolved companion,though its relation to the Be depletion mechanism is still unclear.

关键词： Galaxy evolution-planet-star interactions-stars abundances-stars atmospheres-stars solar-type

Microstructure,Phase Transformation,Precipitation Behavior and Mechanical Properties of P/M Cu40Zn-1.0 wt%Ti Brass Alloy via Spark Plasma Sintering and Hot Extrusion

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2013年第11期29卷 1018-1024页

作者： Shufeng Li hisashi Imai Katsuyoshi Kondoh Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering Xi'an University of Technology Joining and Welding Research Institute Osaka University

The effect of titanium addition on the microstructure and mechanical properties of brass Cu4OZn has been studied via the powder metallurgy （P/M） route. The water-atomized Cu4OZn-1.0 wt% Ti alloy powder was consolidated at different temperatures in the range of 400-600℃ using spark plasma sintering （SPS） and hot extrusion subsequently. Results show that the super-saturated solid solution titanium element in rapidly cooled brass Cu4OZn powder created high chemical potential for a precipitate reaction, showing significant grain refinement effects on the consolidated Cu4OZn matrix. Consequently, excellent mechanical properties were obtained by precipitation hardening and work hardening after sintering and extrusion, with yield strength of 390 MPa, ultimate tensile strength of 617 MPa, and Vickers micro-hardness of 192 HV, which are 28.7%, 23.4%, and 23.9% higher values than those of extruded Cu4OZn brass, respectively.

关键词： Brass Spark plasma sintering Extrusion Microstructure Mechanical property Precipitation Phase transformation

Is resilience socially emerging or embedded?A review of“resilience”under climate change in Sri Lanka

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Journal of Safety Science and Resilience 2021年第4期2卷 258-266页

作者： Ryo Tsuchida Shutaro takeda Graduate School of Advanced Integrated Studies in Human Survivability Kyoto UniversityKyotoJapan

Since the advent of a new academic regime that examines the nexus of humans and water,resilience studies of the coevolution of human-water systems have advanced rapidly because of the climate ***,the concept of resilience poses a new social *** study analyzes the gap in resilience studies through a Sri Lankan water-related disaster research ***,the authors discuss the potential and challenges for resilience evolution under climate change in Sri *** the nuance of resilience,the review showed that resilience is complementarily emerging and embedded in culture and society,such as traditional knowledge and local history,and from scientific research-oriented translation and wide international policy view in *** is the accumulation of stable states and supporting mechanisms found in the interaction between normal phases and emergencies in elements unique to the *** study suggests that it is critical to support the resilience and mechanisms of the whole and each layer,leveraging the diverse and sustainable livelihoods in the Sri Lankan context against climate change.

关键词： Resilience Climate change Water-related disasters Adaptation Sri Lanka

Blood flow restriction in human skeletal muscle during rest periods after high-load resistance training down-regulates miR-206 and induces Pax7

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2021年第4期10卷 470-477页

作者： Ferenc Torma Zoltan Gombos Marcell Fridvalszki Gergely Langmar Zsofia Tarcza Bela Merkely hisashi Naito Noriko Ichinoseki-Sekine Masaki takeda Zsolt Murlasits Peter Osvath Zsolt Radak Research Center for Molecular Exercise Science University of Physical EducationBudapest 1123Hungary Department of Kinesiology University of Physical EducationBudapest 1123Hungary Heart and Vascular Center Semmelweis UniversityBudapest 1122Hungary Faculty of Health and Sports Science Juntendo UniversityChiba 270-1695Japan Faculty of Health and Sports Science Doshisha UniversityKyotanabe 610-0394Japan Laboratory of Animal Research Center Qatar UniversityDoha 2713Qatar Department of Health Sciences and Sport Medicine University of Physical EducationBudapest 1123Hungary

Backgroud:Blood flow re striction(BFR) with low-intensity re sistance training has been shown to result in hypertrophy of skeletal *** this study,we tested the hypothesis that BFR during the rest periods between acute,high-intensity resistance exercise sessions(70% of 1 repetition maximum,7 sets with 10 repetitions) enhances the effects of the resistance ***:A total of 7 healthy young men performed squats,and between sets BFR was carried out on one leg while the other leg served as a *** BFR was applied during rest periods,even severe occlusion pressure(approximately 230 mmHg),which almost completely blocked blood flow,was well-tolerated by the *** muscle-specific microRNAs were measured from the biopsy samples,which were taken 2 h after the acute ***:Doppler data showed that the pattern of blood flow recovery changed significantly between the first and last ***-206 levels significantly decreased in the BFR leg compared to the *** mRNA levels of RAC-β serine/threonine-protein kinase v22,nuclear re spiratory factor 1,vascular endothelial growth factor,lupus Ku autoantigen protein p70 genes(p <0.05),and paired box 7(p <0.01) increased in the BFR *** protein levels of paired box 7,nuclear respiratory factor 1,and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor y coactivator 1α did not differ between the BFR leg and the control ***:BFR,during the rest periods of high-load resistance training,could lead to mRNA elevation of those proteins that regulate angiogenesis,mitochondrial biogenesis,and muscle hypertrophy and ***,BFR also can cause DNA damage,judging from the increase in mRNA levels of lupus Ku autoantigen protein p70.

关键词： Blood flow restriction High-intensity resistance training microRNA Satellite cells

A study of optimal switching problem in limited-cycle with multiple periods

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2010年第12期11卷 933-937页

作者： Jing SUN hisashi YAMAMOTO Masayuki MATSUI Graduate School of Engineering Nagoya Institute of Technology Gokiso-cho Showa-ku Nagoya Aichi 466-8555 Japan Department of System Design Management Systems Engineering Tokyo Metropolitan University 6-6 Asahigaoka Hino Tokyo 191-0065 Japan Department of lnformatics Graduate School of lnformatics and Engineering The University of Electro-Communications 1-5-1 Chofugaoka Chofu-shi Tokyo 182-8585 Japan

In a social system or production line,the restrictions of the cost and the due-time exist in each ***,whether these restrictions are satisfied is dependent not only on the risks of this period,but also on the risks generated *** consider controlling the production process by switching the processing rate to a faster one at a given *** paper deals with the optimal switching period to minimize the total expected cost of the production *** first propose the optimal switching period model,and then the mathematic formulation of the total expectation is ***,the policy of optimal switching period is investigated in detail by numerical experiments.

关键词： Limited-cycle problem Multi-period Optimal switching period Production seat system Manufacturing line

How does the 120-year cycle mast seeding of dwarf bamboo affect the rodent population?

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Ecological Processes 2022年第1期11卷 577-586页

作者： Hanami Suzuki Haruka Kashiwagi hisashi Kajimura Laboratory of Forest Protection Graduate School of Bioagricultural SciencesNagoya UniversityFurochoChikusakuNagoya 468-8601Japan Nagoya City Science Museum NakakuNagoya 460-0008Japan

Background:In 2017,large-scale flowering,seeding,and dying events of dwarf bamboo(Sasa borealis)occurred in a wide range in central Japan for the first time in 120 *** phenomenon of ***,like the mast seeding of trees,could be expected to provide a large amount of food for seed-eating rodents and gradually affect their ecology and population *** captured rodents in survey plots in a secondary broad-leaved forest with the phenomenon from 2018 to 2019 to investigate the species,the number of individuals,growing stage,sex,and body *** addition,we also compared the capture data for 2 years(2018–2019)with that for the mast seeding year(2017)and 6 years before it(2011–2016).Results:The mast seeding of *** greatly increased the population size of rodents,especially Apodemus speciosus and ***,Eothenomys smithii did not show such an *** of the captured rodent individuals were already adults at the time of new capture,and the proportion of male juveniles was extremely *** results suggest that the mast seeding of *** created unusually rich food availability for the population concentration of rodents due to their ***,body mass was not significantly different before and after the mast *** addition,the increased populations of the two Apodemus species did not decline 2 years after the *** masting,contrary to the previously reported decrease of rodent populations after tree ***:Our results indicate that the mast seeding of *** affected the population dynamics of Apodemus species over a long time and their individual composition of different growth ***,it did not affect their body mass.

关键词： Apodemus speciosus Apodemus argenteus Eothenomys smithii Mast seeding Population dynamics Predator satiation hypothesis Sasa borealis

Coexistence of cluster and shell-model aspects in nuclear systems

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Frontiers of physics 2018年第6期13卷 89-113页

作者： Yoshiko Kanada-En'yo hisashi Horiuchi Department of Physics Kyoto University Kitashirakawa Oiwake-Cho Kyoto 606-8502 Japan Research Center for Nuclear Physics (RCNP) Osaka University Ibaraki Osaka 567-0047 Japan

We discuss cluster phenomena in light nuclei. As examples of typical cluster structures, we first review cluster structures of 12C, 16O, and 20Ne, and then introduce some topics of cluster phenomena in light neutron-rich nuclei such as Be and C isotopes. A particular attention is paid on coexistence of cluster and shell-model aspects.

关键词： cluster nuclear structure