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Production of Ergot Alkaloids by the Japanese Isolate Claviceps purpurea var. agropyri on Rice Medium

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Advances in Microbiology 2022年第4期12卷 254-269页

作者： Yuji Doi Daigo Wakana hisashi takeda Eiji Tanaka Tomoo Hosoe Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Hoshi University Shinagawa Japan Department of Environmental Science Ishikawa Prefectural University Nonoichi Japan

Ergot alkaloids (EAs) are secondary metabolites produced by ergot fungi (e.g., Claviceps purpurea), which are parasites of Gramineae grasses. EAs and their analogs are used to treat migraine, postpartum uterine bleeding, and Parkinson's syndrome. Recent studies have reported additional new bioactive activities of EAs and their analogs, making them essential compounds for drug development, drug repositioning, and clinical applications. EAs are produced industrially by field cultivation of ergot or liquid fermentation in the mycelial phase, but there are few published studies of the production of EAs by cereal culture and thus this approach is poorly understood. This study searched for Claviceps strains that produce EAs cultured artificially in the mycelial phase, then the selected strains were cultured on cereal media (white rice, brown rice, and rye) to examine their ability to produce EAs on each medium. C. purpurea var. agropyri produced the Clavine-type EAs pyroclavine (1), festuclavine (2), and agroclavine (3) in the mycelial phase. When cultured with white rice, brown rice, or rye, C. purpurea var. agropyri produced 1 - 3 on all cereal media. The total amount of 1 - 3 in each cereal medium (150 g of cereal per Roux flask) was 2220.5 ± 564.1 μg for white rice, 920.0 ± 463.6 μg for brown rice, and 595.4 ± 52.1 μg for rye. The white rice medium supported the highest production of 1 - 3, with the total amount of EAs (150 g of white rice per Roux flask) being about 34 times higher than that in the T25 liquid medium (190 mL per 1 L Erlenmeyer flask) (equivalent amount per flask).

关键词： Claviceps Ergot Alkaloid Rice Culture Pyroclavine Festuclavine Agroclavine

Secalonic Acid and Benzoic Acid Analogues Exhibiting Cyto toxicity against Cancer Cells Isolated from Claviceps yanagawaensis

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Advances in Microbiology 2022年第12期12卷 649-670页

作者： Yuji Doi Daigo Wakana Satoshi Kitaoka hisashi takeda Eiji Tanaka Tomoo Hosoe Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Hoshi University Tokyo Japan Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Josai University Sakado Japan Department of Environmental Science Ishikawa Prefectural University Nonoichi Japan

The genus Claviceps (Clavicipitaceae) is noted for producing ergot alkaloids that cause ergotism. Claviceps yanagawaensis, a parasite of Zoysia japonica (family: Poaceae), has been isolated in Japan. Bioactivity screening showed that a methanol extract from a rice culture of C. yanagawaensis was cytotoxic to cancer cells. In our search for active substances, the new secalonic acid analogues (-)-5-epi-F-7 (1) and ergochrysin C (2) and a new benzoic acid analogue, dimethyl bigutol (3), were isolated along with the known compounds 3,4-dihydroxy-5-(3-methyl-2-buten-1-yl)benzoic acid (4) and methyl veratrate (5). The structures of 1 - 3 were elucidated by NMR, MS, and circular dichroism spectroscopy. MTT assays of 1 - 5 using cancer cell lines (HepG2, HL60, HT29, PANC-1, and T98G) showed that 1 - 4 exhibited cytotoxicity against cancer cells.

关键词： Claviceps Secalonic Acid MTT Assay

Investigation of HO_(2) uptake mechanisms onto multiple-component ambient aerosols collected in summer and winter time in Yokohama,Japan

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第3期137卷 18-29页

作者： Jun Zhou Yukiko Fukusaki Kentaro Murano Tania Gautam Yu Bai Yoshimi Inomata Hiroaki Komatsu Mayuko takeda Bin Yuan Min Shao Yosuke Sakamoto Yoshizumi Kajii Institute for Environmental and Climate Research Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 511443China Guangdong-Hongkong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Collaborative Innovation forEnvironmental Quality Guangzhou 511443China Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies Kyoto UniversityKyoto606-8501Japan Yokohama Environmental Science Research Institute Yokohama Kanagawa 221–0024Japan Department of Chemistry University of AlbertaAlbertaEdmonton T6G 2G2Canada Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies Kyoto UniversityKyoto 606-8501Japan Kanagawa Environmental Research Center Kanagawa 254-0014Japan Center for Regional Environmental Research National Institute for Environmental StudiesIbaraki305-8506Japan

The heterogeneous loss of HO_(2)radicals onto ambient aerosols plays an important role in tropospheric ***,sparse investigation of the dominating parameters controlling the HO_(2)uptake coefficients onto ambient aerosols(γHO_(2))has largely hindered the application of the measuredγHO_(2)to the global spatial *** we induced an offine method using LFP-LIF technique to measure the kinetics of HO_(2)uptake onto ambient aerosols collected in summertime and wintertime in Yokohama city,a regional urban site near Tokyo,*** controlling the dominating parameters which infuenceγHO_(2),we were able to investigate the detailed HO_(2)uptake *** characterized the chemical composition of the collected ambient aerosols,including organics,inorganics,transition metals ions,*** modeledγHO_(2)using different *** show thatγHO_(2)increased with the increase in RH,and the aerosol states(“dry”or wet/aqueous)have large effects onγHO_(2).With fixed RH and aerosol chemical composition,γHO_(2)was highly dependent on pH and inversely correlated with[HO_(2)]_*** combing the measuredγHO_(2)values with the modeled ones,we found that both the HO_(2)self-reaction and transition metal-catalyzed reactions should be accounted for to yield a single parameterization to predictγHO_(2),and different chemical compositions may have collective effects onγHO_(2).Results may serve for extending theγHO_(2)values measured at one observation site to different environmental conditions,which will help us to achieve more accurate modeling results concerning secondary pollutant formation(i.e.,ozone).

关键词： HO_(2)uptake kinetics Offine method Impacting factors Mechanism

Factors Influence Hanoians’ Choice of Non-Motorized Transport Mode to Access Bus Stations

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Journal of Transportation Technologies 2024年第3期14卷 372-389页

作者： Ngo Trung Phuong Masahiko Kikuchi Aya Kojima hisashi Kubota Graduate School of Science and Engineering Saitama University Saitama Japan Department of Engineering Affairs City Bureau Ministry of Land Infrastructure Transportation and Tourism Tokyo Japan

Hanoi’s rapid urbanization has led to a surge in private vehicle ownership, particularly motorcycles, amidst inadequate public transportation infrastructure. Despite government efforts, many still prefer motorized transport, citing mobility and safety concerns, exacerbated by insufficient pedestrian infrastructure. This study examines the motivations behind this reliance on motorized vehicles, particularly motorcycles, in Hanoi. Findings reveal safety and convenience as primary factors driving motorized transport use, especially for accessing bus stations. Economic incentives could promote non-motorized travel and public transport adoption. Policy implications highlight the importance of addressing economic factors and improving access infrastructure to manage motorized vehicle reliance and foster sustainable urban mobility in Hanoi.

关键词： Access Mode Choice Non-Motorized Vehicles Motorized Vehicles Bus User Urban Transport Behavior

How does the 120-year cycle mast seeding of dwarf bamboo affect the rodent population?

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Ecological Processes 2022年第1期11卷 577-586页

作者： Hanami Suzuki Haruka Kashiwagi hisashi Kajimura Laboratory of Forest Protection Graduate School of Bioagricultural SciencesNagoya UniversityFurochoChikusakuNagoya 468-8601Japan Nagoya City Science Museum NakakuNagoya 460-0008Japan

Background:In 2017,large-scale flowering,seeding,and dying events of dwarf bamboo(Sasa borealis)occurred in a wide range in central Japan for the first time in 120 *** phenomenon of ***,like the mast seeding of trees,could be expected to provide a large amount of food for seed-eating rodents and gradually affect their ecology and population *** captured rodents in survey plots in a secondary broad-leaved forest with the phenomenon from 2018 to 2019 to investigate the species,the number of individuals,growing stage,sex,and body *** addition,we also compared the capture data for 2 years(2018–2019)with that for the mast seeding year(2017)and 6 years before it(2011–2016).Results:The mast seeding of *** greatly increased the population size of rodents,especially Apodemus speciosus and ***,Eothenomys smithii did not show such an *** of the captured rodent individuals were already adults at the time of new capture,and the proportion of male juveniles was extremely *** results suggest that the mast seeding of *** created unusually rich food availability for the population concentration of rodents due to their ***,body mass was not significantly different before and after the mast *** addition,the increased populations of the two Apodemus species did not decline 2 years after the *** masting,contrary to the previously reported decrease of rodent populations after tree ***:Our results indicate that the mast seeding of *** affected the population dynamics of Apodemus species over a long time and their individual composition of different growth ***,it did not affect their body mass.

关键词： Apodemus speciosus Apodemus argenteus Eothenomys smithii Mast seeding Population dynamics Predator satiation hypothesis Sasa borealis

Goblet cell carcinoid of the appendix:Six case reports

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第22期12卷 5217-5224页

作者： Toshiaki Toshima Ryo Inada Shinya Sakamoto Eri takeda Takahiro Yoshioka Kento Kumon Naoki Mimura Nobuo Takata Motoyasu Tabuchi Kazuyuki Oishi Takuji Sato Kenta Sui Takehiro Okabayashi Kazuhide Ozaki Toshio Nakamura Yuichi Shibuya Manabu Matsumoto Jun Iwata Department of Gastroenterological Surgery Kochi Health Sciences CenterKochi 781-8555Japan Department of Diagnostic Pathology Kochi Health Sciences CenterKochi 781-8555Japan

BACKGROUND Goblet cell carcinoid(GCC)of the appendix is a rare tumor characterized by neuroendocrine and adenocarcinoma *** preoperative diagnosis is very difficult,with most patients complaining mainly of abdominal *** tomography shows swelling of the appendix,so diagnosis is usually made incidentally after appendectomy based on a preoperative diagnosis of *** if a patient undergoes preoperative colonoscopy,accurate endoscopic diagnosis is very difficult because GCC shows a submucosal growth pattern with invasion of the appendiceal *** SUMMARY Between 2017 and 2022,6 patients with GCC were treated in our *** presenting complaint for 5 of these 6 patients was abdominal *** 5 patients underwent appendectomy,including 4 for a preoperative diagnosis of appendicitis and the other for diagnosis and treatment of an appendiceal *** sixth patient presented with vomiting and underwent ileocecal resection for GCC diagnosed from preoperative *** 2 patients with GCC underwent colonoscopy,no neoplastic changes were *** of the six patients showed lymph node metastasis on pathological *** of the last followup(median:15 mo),all cases remained alive without *** As preoperative diagnosis of GCC is difficult,this possibility must be considered during surgical treatments for presumptive appendicitis.

关键词： Goblet cell carcinoid Appendix Preoperative diagnosis Endoscopic diagnosis Surgical treatment Case report

Chemical Interpretation on the Multi-Stage Oxidation of Diethyl Ether

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Journal of Thermal Science 2023年第2期32卷 513-520页

作者： SAKAI Yasuyuki NAKAMURA hisashi SUGITA Toru TEZUKA Takuya UYGUN Yasar Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering Ibaraki UniversityIbaraki 316-8511Japan Institute of Fluid Science Tohoku UniversityMiyagi 980-8577Japan Graduate School of Engineering Tohoku UniversityMiyagi 980-8579Japan Mathematics and Logistics Jacobs University BremenBremen 28759Germany

Multi-stage ignition and/or double NTC(negative temperature coefficient)behavior resulted from the low-temperature oxidation of ether compounds are still not clearly *** have investigated the oxidation mechanism of a stoichiometric DEE(diethyl ether)/air mixture by using a micro flow reactor with a controlled temperature profile to see the detail of low-temperature weak flame *** simulation was also performed to understand the chemical kinetics mechanism of observed weak flame *** measurement showed separated weak flame in the temperature range of 600 K-800 *** simulation also qualitatively reproduced this separated weak flame,and showed four peak of heat *** the reaction flow analysis,it was found that(1)O-O bond scission reaction of keto-hydroperoxide produced by DEE,(2)O-O bond scission reaction of CH3O2H,CH3CO3H,and C2H5O2H,(3)O-O bond scission reaction of H2O2,and(4)H+O2=O+OH are key chain branching reactions to explain the multi-stage oxidation.

关键词： diethyl ether micro flow reactor weak flame multi-stage oxidation reaction path

FDNet:A Deep Learning Approach with Two Parallel Cross Encoding Pathways for Precipitation Nowcasting

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2023年第5期38卷 1002-1020页

作者：闫碧莹杨超陈峰 Kohei takeda Changjun Wang University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Institute of Software Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Mathematical Sciences Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Peng Cheng Laboratory Shenzhen 518052China Guiyang Academy of Information Technology Guiyang 550081China NTT DATA Corporation Tokyo 163-8001Japan NTT DATA Institute of Management Consulting Inc. Tokyo 163-8001Japan

With the goal of predicting the future rainfall intensity in a local region over a relatively short period time,precipitation nowcasting has been a long-time scientific challenge with great social and economic *** radar echo extrapolation approaches for precipitation nowcasting take radar echo images as input,aiming to generate future radar echo images by learning from the historical *** effectively handle complex and high non-stationary evolution of radar echoes,we propose to decompose the movement into optical flow field motion and morphologic *** this idea,we introduce Flow-Deformation Network(FDNet),a neural network that models flow and deformation in two parallel cross *** flow encoder captures the optical flow field motion between consecutive images and the deformation encoder distinguishes the change of shape from the translational motion of radar *** evaluate the proposed network architecture on two real-world radar echo *** model achieves state-of-the-art prediction results compared with recent *** the best of our knowledge,this is the first network architecture with flow and deformation separation to model the evolution of radar echoes for precipitation *** believe that the general idea of this work could not only inspire much more effective approaches but also be applied to other similar spatio-temporal prediction tasks.

关键词： spatio-temporal predictive learning precipitation nowcasting neural network

Multispectral Phenotyping and Genetic Analyses of Spring Appearance in Greening Plant, Phedimus spp.

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Plant Phenomics 2023年第2期5卷 353-367页

作者： Taeko Koji Hiroyoshi Iwata Motoyuki Ishimori Hideki Takanashi Yuji Yamasaki hisashi Tsujimoto The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences Tottori University4-101 Koyamacho minamiTottori-shiTottori 680-8553Japan Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences The University of Tokyo1-1-1 Yayoi-chouBunkyoTokyo 113-8657Japan Arid Land Research Center Tottori University1390 HamasakaTottori-shiTottori 680-0001Japan

The change in appearance during the seasonal transitions in ornamental greening plants is an important *** particular,the early onset of green leaf color is a desirable trait for a *** this study,we established a method for phenotyping leaf color change by multispectral imaging and performed genetic analysis based on the phenotypes to clarify the potential of the approach in breeding greening *** performed multispectral phenotyping and quantitative trait locus(QTL)analysis of an F1 population derived from 2 parental lines of Phedimus takesimensis,known to be a drought and heat-tolerant rooftop plant *** imaging was conducted in April of 2019 and 2020 when dormancy breakage occurs and growth extension *** component analysis of 9 different wavelength values showed a high contribution from the first principal component(PC1),which captured variation in the visible light *** high interannual correlation in PC1 and in the intensity of visible light indicated that the multispectral phenotyping captured genetic variation in the color of *** also performed restriction site-associated DNA sequencing and obtained the first genetic linkage map of Phedimus *** analysis revealed 2 QTLs related to early dormancy *** on the genotypes of the markers underlying these 2 QTLs,the F1 phenotypes with early(late)dormancy break,green(red or brown)leaves,and a high(low)degree of vegetative growth were *** results suggest the potential of multispectral phenotyping in the genetic dissection of seasonal leaf color changes in greening plants.

关键词： breeding cultivar visible