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The Impact of Footwear on Posture, Gait and Balance

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Health 2022年第2期14卷 209-218页

作者： Saori Karasawa Munetaka Yamamoto Junko sakurai Shiori Kawasaki hiroyuki Kobayashi Department of Hospital Administration Juntendo Graduate School of Medicine Tokyo Japan Patient Safety Management Section Juntendo University Hospital Tokyo Japan Faculty of Health and Nursing Juntendo University Chiba Japan

Background: The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of footwear on posture and balance while walking. The types of footwear investigated in this study were open back shoes, commonly worn by hospitalized patients, and closed back shoes. Previous studies have shown that open back shoes, or slippers, increase the risk of falling (among elderly). We hypothesized that our findings would suggest that open back shoes negatively affect gait mechanics in healthy individuals. Methods: Healthy individuals (n = 12) participated in a walking test while wearing closed back shoes and open back shoes. The explanatory variables in this study were the analysis of gait, posture, and balance before and after walking. The objective variable was footwear (closed back shoes vs. open back shoes). A paired t-test was performed to detect significant differences between the two conditions. Results: Among the test items measured, we found a significant difference in minimum wide tilt angle and left-right differences in step length and intensity while walking between the conditions of closed back shoes and open back shoes. These results suggest that open back shoes could negatively impact posture and balance while walking, even in healthy subjects. Conclusion: It is imperative to improve patient awareness of the risk of falling. We believe that the inclusion of our findings in educational pamphlets and in-house notices could help improve patient awareness and more effectively prevent falls among patients.

关键词： Footwear Posture Walking Test Health Fall

Local regulator adrenomedullin contributes to the circulatory disturbance in cirrhotic rats

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第13期12卷 2095-2102页

作者： Shinya sakurai Hideyuki Kojima Masahito Uemura Hiroyasu Satoh Hiroshi Fukui Third Department of Internal Medicine Nara Medical University 840 Shijo-cho Kashihara-shiNara 634-8522Japan Department of Pharmacology Nara Medical University 840 Shijo-cho Kashihara-shiNara 634-8522Japan

AIM： To investigate whether adrenomedullin, a potent vasodilator peptide, plays a role in the circulatory disturbance in cirrhosis. METHODS： Cirrhosis was induced in rats by weekly gavage of carbon tetrachloride. Hemodynamic studies were performed in vivo using radioactive microspheres and in vitro using isolated aortic rings. The adrenomedullin concentrations were measured by radioimmunoassay. RESULTS： Acute administration of adrenomedullin to the control rats reduced the systemic arterial pressure along with an increase of serum levels of the stable metabolite of nitric oxide （NOx）, in a dose-dependent manner. Chronic infusion of adrenomedullin reduced the vascular resistance and increased the blood flow in the systemic and splanchnic circulation. Intravenous administration of anti-adrenomedullin antibody did not affect any hemodynamic parameters in the cirrhotic rats, whereas this antibody ameliorated the blunted contractile response to phenylephrine, o-adrenergic receptor agonist, in the aortic rings of the cirrhotic rats. The adrenomedullin concentrations in the aorta were higher in the cirrhotic rats than in the controls, and correlated with the mean arterial pressure in the cirrhotic rats. Moreover, adrenomedullin blunted the contractile response to phenylephrine in both of the control aorta and cirrhotic aorta, but not in the presence of NG-nitro L-arginine methyl ester, an NO synthase inhibitor. CONCLUSION： Adrenomedullin overproduced in the vascular wall may contribute to the circulatory disturbance in cirrhosis as a local regulator of the vascular tonus rather than a circulating hormone.

关键词： Adrenomedullin Liver cirrhosis Vasodilation Circulatory disturbance Vascular tonus Circulating hormone

Properties of garnet-type Li6La3ZrTaO12 solid electrolyte films fabricated by aerosol deposition method

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2017年第3期27卷 350-355页

作者： Ryoji Inada Takayuki Okada Akihiro Bando Tomohiro Tojo Yoji sakurai Department of Electrical and Electronic Information Engineering Toyohashi University of Technology

The garnet-type Li6La3ZrTaO12（LLZT） solid electrolyte films were fabricated by aerosol deposition（AD）***-milled LLZT powder with a cubic garnet structure and a particle size of 1-2 urn was used as raw material and deposited directly on a SUS316L or a glass substrate via impact ***-deposited LLZT film has a cubic garnet structure but contains Li2CO3and *** observation revealed that the film consists of LLZT particles fractured into submicron *** impurity phase formation during AD process was caused by the local heating by the collision between LLZT particles and deposition surface and reaction with *** Li+ion conductivity of LLZT film was estimated to be 0.24 × 10-5S cm-1at room *** conductivity of LLZT film was confirmed to be around 10-12S cm-1,indicating the dominant Li+ion conduction of LLZT film.

关键词： Lithium-ion Garnet Solid electrolyte Thick film Aerosol deposition Ionic conductivity

Transfer of electrons on scratched iron surfaces:Photoelectron emission and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy studies

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Friction 2018年第1期6卷 98-115页

作者： Yoshihiro MOMOSE Daisuke SUZUKI Keika TSURUYA Takao sakurai Keiji NAKAYAMA Department of Materials Science Ibaraki University Ashikaga Institute of Technology Institute of Mesotechnology

We report the activation energy, ΔEa, for the quantum yield in thermally assisted photoelectron emission(TAPE) under 210-nm-wavelength light irradiation, and the associated X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS) results. Samples were cleaned only in acetone and scratched in air, water, methanol, ethanol, acetone, benzene, and cyclohexane. Glow curves, describing the temperature dependence of photoelectron emission(PE) quantum yield(emitted electrons/photon), Y, were obtained. A simple method of determining ΔEa using Y, called YGC, at seven temperatures up to 353 °C, for the same Y glow curve, was proposed. The ΔEa obtained using this method was almost the same as that obtained from Y for seven stationary temperatures(YST). For scratched samples, the TAPE was measured over two cycles of temperature increase and subsequent decrease(Up1, Down1 and Up2, Down2 scans) in the 25–339 °C range, and ΔE_a was obtained from YGC. The Arrhenius plot was approximated by a straight line, although a convex swelling peak appeared in the Up1 scan. ΔE_(aUp1) was in the 0.212–0.035 eV range, depending on the environment in which scratching was performed; ΔE_(aUp1) for water was much higher than that for acetone. This was explained in terms of the mode of the acid–base interaction between the liquid molecules and the hydroxyl group of Fe–OH. The values of ΔE_(aDown1), ΔEa Up2, and ΔE_(aDown2) were in the 0.038–0.012 eV range. The total count of electrons emitted during the Up1 and Up2 scans was found to decrease with increasing ΔE_(aUp1) and ΔE_(aUp2), respectively. ΔE_(aUp2) was found to increase with increasing presence of the FeO component in the analyzed Fe oxides. The convex swelling peak was attributed to the removal of carbon materials from the scratched surface and the effect of the increased electron density of the surface hydroxyl group of FeOH under the light irradiation.

关键词： thermally assisted photoelectron emission XPS real iron scratch-inducing environment Arrhenius activation energy environment molecule-surface hydroxyl group interaction

维普期刊数据库

Conscious Slower Breathing Predominates Parasympathetic Activity and Provides a Relaxing Effect, in Healthy Japanese Adult Women

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Health 2023年第9期15卷 954-964页

作者： Mami sakurai Ailing Hu Takuji Yamaguchi Masahiro Tabuchi Yasushi Ikarashi hiroyuki Kobayashi Department of Hospital Administration Graduate School of Medicine Juntendo University Tokyo Japan Department of Personalized Kampo Medicine Graduate School of Medicine Juntendo University Tokyo Japan

Background: The optimal breathing pattern (BP) to effectively regulate autonomic nervous activity is yet to be determined. Objective: We aimed to clarify the effects of four BPs (BP-1, BP-2, BP-3, and BP-4) on autonomic nervous activity and mood changes. Methods: Eleven healthy adult female volunteers performed each BP in a sitting position for 5 min in a resting state. The time required for one breathing for BP-1 (30 breaths/min), BP-2 (20 breaths/min), BP-3 (15 breaths/min), and BP-4 (10 breaths/min) were 2 s, 3 s, 4 s, and 6 s, respectively. The inspiratory/expiratory time of one breathing was 1 s/1 s, 1 s/2 s, 2 s/2 s, and 2 s/4 s. The high-frequency component (HF) and low-frequency component (LF)/HF ratio during and before (control) performing a BP were calculated from heart rate variability data recorded using the wearable biometric information tracer M-BIT. Three mood changes, which are, “pleasure—unpleasure”, “relaxation—tension”, and “sleepiness—arousal”, in the subjects were assessed using the visual analog scale (VAS) before and after performing a BP. Results: Slower breathing induced an increase in HF power and a reduction in LF/HF ratio, indicating increased parasympathetic activity and decreased sympathetic dominance. Furthermore, VAS revealed that slower breathing increased the tendency to feel “pleasure”, “relaxation”, and “sleepiness”. Conclusion: Our results suggest that slower breathing predominates parasympathetic activity in the autonomic nervous system, resulting in a relaxing effect. This result may help lay the foundation for deriving breathing methods that efficiently regulate an individual’s autonomic activity.

关键词： Breathing Autonomic Activity Heart Rate Variability Analysis Visual Analog Scale

Promising anticancer therapy: combination of immune checkpoint inhibitors and molecular-targeted agents

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2020年第6期9卷 777-779页

作者： Toshiharu sakurai Naoshi Nishida Masatoshi Kudo Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Kindai University Faculty of MedicineOsakaJapan

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is the fourth leading cause of cancer death worldwide,and prognosis remains unsatisfactory when the disease is diagnosed at an advanced *** resistance is one of the main obstacles to the treatment of advanced *** studies have proposed that the activation of escape pathways from RAF/MEK/ERK/STAT3 might result in sorafenib resistance(1-3).Leung et *** that HCC cells with higher SHP2 expression was associated with a lower sensitivity towards sorafenib treatment(4).Consistently,SHP2 inhibitor SHP099 abrogated sorafenib resistance in cancer cells by blocking RAS/MEK/ERK and AKT signaling pathways(4).Unlike other tyrosine phosphatases,SHP2 functions as a positive regulator of proliferative signals.

关键词： STAT3 death treatment

Laparoscopic repair of hiatal hernia with mesenterioaxial volvulus of the stomach

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第15期17卷 2054-2057页

作者： Kazuki Inaba Yoichi sakurai Jun Isogaki Yoshiyuki Komori Ichiro Uyama Department of Surgery Fujita Health University School of Medicine 1-98 Dengakugakubo Kutsukake-cho Toyoake Aichi 470-1192 Japan

Although mesenterioaxial gastric volvulus is an uncommon entity characterized by rotation at the transverse axis of the stomach, laparoscopic repair procedures have still been controversial. We reported a case of mesenterioaxial intrathoracic gastric volvulus, which was successfully treated with laparoscopic repair of the diaphragmatic hiatal defect using a polytetrafluoroethylene mesh associated with Toupet fundoplication. A 70-year-old Japanese woman was admitted to our hospital because of sudden onset of upper abdominal pain. An upper gastrointestinal series revealed an incarcerated intrathoracic mesenterioaxial volvulus of the distal portion of the stomach and the duodenum. The complete laparoscopic approach was used to repair the volvulus. The laparoscopic procedures involved the repair of the hiatal hernia using polytetrafluoroethylene mesh and Toupet fundoplication. This case highlights the feasibility and effectiveness of the laparoscopic procedure, and laparoscopic repair of the hiatal defect using a polytetrafluoroethylene mesh associated with Toupet fundoplication may be useful for preventing postoperative recurrence of hiatal her-nia, volvulus, and gastroesophageal reflux.

关键词： Gastric volvulus Mesenterioaxial form Hiatal hernia Mesh repair Laparoscopic procedure

Demonstration of Optical Isolator with CeY_2Fe_5O_(12) Guiding Layer Employing Nonreciprocal Phase Shift

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光学学报 2003年第S1期23卷 169-170页

作者： Kazumasa sakurai Hideki Yokoi Tetsuya Mizumoto Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Tokyo Institute of Technology Japan 2-12-1 Ookayama Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-B552 JapanDepartment of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Tokyo Institute of Technology Japan 2-12-1 Ookayama Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-B552 JapanDepartment of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Tokyo Institute of Technology Japan 2-12-1 Ookayama Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-B552 Japan

A waveguide optical isolator with a CeY2Fe5O12 guiding layer employing a nonreciprocal phase shift was studied. The isolation ratio of more than 12.2 dB was achieved at a wavelength of 1.55μm.

关键词： of on as by YIG Guiding Layer Employing Nonreciprocal Phase Shift Demonstration of Optical Isolator with CeY2Fe5O with

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Vibration control of a structure using Magneto-Rheological grease damper

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Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2013年第3期8卷 261-267页

作者： Shinya SUGIYAMA Tomoki sakurai Shin MORISHITA Graduate School of Environment and Information Sciences Yokohama National University

This paper describes an application study of Magneto-Rheological(MR)grease damper to a structure with three *** fuid is known as one of successful smart materials whose rheological properties can be varied by magnetic feld strength,and has been applied to various kinds of device such as dampers,clutches,engine mounts,***,ferromagnetic particles dispersed in MR fuid settle out of the suspension after a certain interval due to the density difference between the particles and their career *** overcome this defect,we have developed a new type of controllable working fuid using grease as the career of magnetic *** of thickener in grease is expected to hold the magnetic particles and prevent them from settled *** or little sedimentation was observed in MR grease whose characteristics could be controlled by the magnetic feld *** grease was introduced into a cylindrical damper and its performance was *** a result,it was confrmed that the damping force of MR grease damper could be controlled by the applied electric current to the coil in the cylinder of ***,vibration response of a three-story model structure equipped with MR grease damper was investigated experimentally,and it was shown that MR grease damper worked effectively as a semi-active damper.

关键词： vibration control damper smart material Magneto-Rheological (MR) grease MR fluid