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Variability in salt flux and water circulation in Ota River Estuary, Japan

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Water Science and Engineering 2013年第3期6卷 283-295页

作者： Mohammad SOLTANIASL Kiyosi KAWANISI Junki YANO Kazuhiko ishikawa Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Graduate School of Engineering Hiroshima University

In this study the sub-tidal and intra-tidal variations of salt fluxes in the upstream section of a shallow estuary （with a water depth of less than 3 m） were investigated. The salt fluxes were estimated based on the cross-sectional average salinity and velocity measured by the fluvial acoustic tomography system （FATS）. The results indicate that the magnitude of seaward fluxes is approximately two times greater than that of landward fluxes under normal conditions. The results of short-term observation in the study area indicate that there is a phase lag of the bottom and surface salinities between the regions with the largest and smallest depths. The vertical shear flux with a peak value of-0.7 m2/s during the ebb tide indicated an important contribution to the total salt flux compared with the advective flux. A phase lag occurred between the vertical shear terms in the regions with the largest and smallest depths, which resulted from the correlation between the vertical variations of the salinity and velocity and the existence of transversal velocity circulations.

关键词： salt flux circulation fluvial acoustic tomography system (FATS) Ota River Estuary

What is appropriate neoadjuvant/adjuvant androgen deprivation for high-risk/locally advanced prostate cancer？

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2011年第4期13卷 624-625页

作者： Mikio Namiki hiroyuki Konaka Department of Integrative Cancer Therapy and Urology Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medica Science Ishikawa 920-8640 Japan

The majority of low-risk patients with clinically localized prostate cancer have a high likeliihood of disease-free survival, regardless of the treatment option chosen.

关键词： neoadjuvantladjuvant androgen deprivation prostate

Two-dimensional quantum transport of multivalley （111） surface state in topological crystalline insulator SnTe thin films

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Nano Research 2016年第2期9卷 490-498页

作者： Ryota Akiyama Kazuki Fujisawa Tomonari Yamaguchi Ryo ishikawa Shinji Kuroda Institute of Materials Science University of Tsukuba Tsukuba 305-8573 Japan

The magneto-transport properties of （111）-oriented single-crystal thin films of SnTe were investigated. SnTe （111） thin films were epitaxially grown on a BaF2 substrate by molecular beam epitaxy. By optimizing the growth conditions and the thickness of the films, the bulk carrier density could be reduced, making it possible to detect the surface transport. Magneto-conductance （MC） measurements show a cusp-like feature around zero magnetic field, which is attributed to the weak-antilocalization effect of the transport in the topological surface state. Detailed analysis of this negative MC reveals a reduced number of transport channels contributing to the surface transport, suggesting strong coupling between Dirac valleys on the SnTe （111） surface, as a characteristic feature of the transport in the multivalley structure of topological crystalline insulators.

关键词： SnTe (111) films topological crystalline insulators weak antilocalization phase coherence length Dirac valleys

Beneficial effects of fucoidan in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第18期18卷 2225-2230页

作者： Naoki Mori Kazunori Nakasone Koh Tomimori Chie ishikawa Department of Microbiology and Oncology Graduate School of MedicineUniversity of the RyukyusNishiharaOkinawa 903-0215Japan Nakasonekazu Medical Clinic NahaOkinawa 902-0062Japan Department of Psychiatry Naha City HospitalNahaOkinawa 902-8511Japan Transdisciplinary Research Organization for Subtropics and Island Studies University of the RyukyusNishiharaOkinawa 903-0213Japan

AIM:To evaluate the effects of fucoidan,a complex sulfated polysaccharide extract from marine seaweed,on hepatitis C virus(HCV) RNA load both in vitro and in ***:HCV-1b replicon-expressing cells were cultured in the presence of fucoidan obtained from Cladosiphon okamuranus Tokida cultivated in Okinawa,Japan,and quantified the level of HCV *** an open-label uncontrolled study,15 patients with chronic hepatitis C,and HCV-related cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma were treated with fucoidan(0.83 g/d) for 12 *** clinical symptoms,biochemical tests,and HCV RNA levels were assessed before,during,and after ***:Fucoidan dose-dependently inhibited the expression of HCV *** 8-10 mo of treatment with fucoidan,HCV RNA levels were significantly lower relative to the *** same treatment also tended to lower serum alanine aminotransferase levels,and the latter correlated with HCV RNA ***,the improved laboratory tests did not translate into significant clinical *** had no serious adverse ***:Our findings suggest that fucoidan is safe and useful in the treatment of patients with HCVrelated chronic liver *** controlled clinical trials are needed to confirm the present findings.

关键词： Fucoidan Hepatitis C virus Replicon

Precipitate Behavior in Fe–20Cr–30Ni–2Nb Austenitic Heat-Resistant Steel

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2015年第4期28卷 424-429页

作者： Hiroki ishikawa Chi Zhang Sheng-Wei Chen Zhi-Gang Yang School of Materials Science and Engineering Tsinghua University Department of Chemistry and Materials Science Tokyo Institute of Technology

In this study, the precipitation behavior of a new austenitic heat-resistant steel （Fe-20Cr-30Ni-2Nb, in at%） was investigated. The effects of alloying addition of boron （B） and lanthanum （La） on the microstructure of the austenitic steel were scrutinized using SEM, EPMA, TEM, and XRD. The results showed that the addition of B enhanced the precipitation of bar-type Laves phase. A small precipitate with high La concentration was observed at the grain boundary in the alloy without aging; similar precipitates without La also presented in region adjacent to the La single phase. This result indicates that La can exist independently and does not contribute to the formation of new compounds. However, in both B- and La-modified alloy, B appeared in the precipitate free zone. In the alloy containing both B and La, only Fe2Nb Laves- phase precipitates, as indicated by the XRD result.

关键词： Precipitation free zone Grain boundary Phase transformation Microstructure Fe-20Cr-30Ni-2Nb austenitic heat-resistant steel

Physical Properties of Liquid Terbium Measured by Levitation Techniques

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Journal of Rare Earths 2007年第6期25卷 665-669页

作者： Paul-Francois Paradis Takehiko ishikawa Noriyuki Koike Yuki Watanabe Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency Institute of Space and Astronautical Science ISS Science Project Office 2-1-1 Sengen Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8505 Japan Chiba Institute of Technology Tsudanuma Narashino Chiba Japan Advanced Engineering Service Co. Ltd. Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-0032 Japan

To understand the nature and behavior of rare earth metals in their liquid phases, accurate values of their physical properties are essential. However, to measure their physical properties, the samples should be maintained in liquid phases for prolonged time, and this raises a formidable challenge. This is mainly explained by their high melting temperatures （e.g., 1629 K for Tb）, high vapor pressure, and the risk of melt contamination with a crucible or support. An electrostatic levitation furnace alleviated these difficulties and allowed the determination of density, surface tension, and viscosity of several metals above their melting temperature. Here, first, the levitation furnace facility and the noncontact diagnostic procedures were briefly discussed, followed by the explanation of their thermophysical property measurements over wide temperature ranges. The density was obtained using an ultraviolet-based imaging technique that allowed excellent illumination, even at elevated temperatures. Over the 1615 to 1880 K temperature span, the density measurements could be expressed as p（T） =7.84 × 10^3 -0.47 （T - Tm）（kg · m^-3） with Tm = 1629 K, yielding a volume expansion coefficient a（T） = 6.0 × 10^-5 （K^-1）. In addition, the surface tension and the viscosity could be determined by inducing a drop oscillation to a molten sample. Using this technique, the surface tension data could be expressed as σ（T） = 8.93 × 10^2 - 0.10 （T - Tm）（mN· m^-1） and those for viscosity as η（T） =0.583 exp [4.1 × 10^4/（RT）] （MPa·s） over the 1690 to 1980 K temperature range

关键词： levitation liquid noncontact terbium rare earths

Synchronal Measurement of Flow Structure and Heat Transfer of Impingement Jet

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Journal of Thermal Science 2010年第3期19卷 228-233页

作者： Shoichi MATSUDA Naomichi SAJI Minoru YAGA Masaaki ishikawa Kenyu OYAKAWA Dept.Mech.Systems Eng. Univ.of the RyukyusSenbaru 1NishiharaOkinawaJapan903-0213 Graduate student Faculty of Eng.Univ.of the RyukyusSenbaru 1NishiharaOkinawaJapan903-0213

This paper will present the characteristics of flow behavior and thermal field of both free and impingement jet issued from a circular orifice nozzle at Re=*** flow behavior of a single round jet and impingement jet was observed by smoke flow visualization recorded by a high speed camera using 5000 frame per *** transfer coefficient on the impingement surface was measured by means of infrared camera (TVS-8500,Avio) with a two-dimensional array of Indeum-Antimony (In Sb) sensors varying in the separation distance between the nozzle and the target *** heat transfer coefficient changes in time and ***,the root mean square distribution of the heat transfer was obtained from the *** a result,it was confirmed that the longitudinal vortex was observed outside of the ring vortex,and then the longitudinal vortex was penetrated in the jet ***,the high value of root mean square of the heat transfer coefficient has spread radially in stripy manner,which is caused as the results of the longitudinal vortexes flowing in the radial direction on the impingement plate.

关键词： Impingement jet Forced convection Heat transfer Ring vortex Longitudinal vortex

Double-balloon endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography for patients who underwent liver operation: A retrospective study

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第10期26卷 1056-1066页

作者： Ryo Nishio Hiroki Kawashima Masanao Nakamura Eizaburo Ohno Takuya ishikawa Takeshi Yamamura Keiko Maeda Tsunaki Sawada hiroyuki Tanaka Daisuke Sakai Ryoji Miyahara Masatoshi Ishigami Yoshiki Hirooka Mitsuhiro Fujishiro Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Nagoya University Graduate School of MedicineAichi PrefectureNagoya 4668550Japan Department of Endoscopy Nagoya University HospitalAichi PrefectureNagoya 4668550Japan Department of Liver Biliary Tract and Pancreas DiseasesFujita Health University HospitalAichi PrefectureToyoake 4701192Japan

BACKGROUND Double-balloon endoscopic retrograde cholangiography (DB-ERC) is widely performed for biliary diseases after reconstruction in gastrointestinal surgery,but there are few reports on DB-ERC after hepatectomy or living donor liver transplantation (LDLT).AIM To examine the success rates and safety of DB-ERC after hepatectomy or LDLT METHODS The study was performed retrospectively in 26 patients (45 procedures) who underwent hepatectomy or LDLT (liver operation:LO group) and 40 control patients (59 procedures) who underwent pancreatoduodenectomy (control group).The technical success (endoscope reaching the choledochojejunostomy site),diagnostic success (performance of cholangiography),therapeutic success(completed interventions) and overall success rates,insertion and procedure(completion of DB-ERC) time,and adverse events were compared between these *** There were no significant differences between LO and control groups in the technical [93.3%(42/45) vs 96.6%(57/59),P=0.439],diagnostic [83.3%(35/42) vs83.6%(46/55),P=0.968],therapeutic [97.0%(32/33) vs 97.7%(43/44),P=0.836],and overall [75.6%(34/45) vs 79.7%(47/59),P=0.617] success *** median insertion time (22 vs 14 min,P <0.001) and procedure time (43.5 vs 30 min,P=0.033) were significantly longer in the LO *** incidence of adverse events showed no significant difference [11.1%(5/45) vs 6.8%(4/59),P=0.670].CONCLUSION DB-ERC after liver operation is safe and useful but longer time is required,so should be performed with particular care.

关键词： Biliary tract diseases Double-balloon enteroscopy Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography Hepatectomy Liver transplantation Risk management

Classification of archaic rice grains excavated at the Mojiaoshan site within the Liangzhu site complex reveals an Indica and Japonica chloroplast complex

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食物生产加工与营养(英文) 2020年第1期2卷 148-159页

作者： Katsunori Tanaka Chunfang Zhao Ningyuan Wang Shinji Kubota Masaaki Kanehara Nobuhiko Kamijo Ryuji ishikawa hiroyuki Tasaki Minako Kanehara Bin Liu Minghui Chen Shin-ichi Nakamura Tetsuro Udatsu Cailin Wang Faculty of Agriculture and Life Science Hirosaki University3 BunkyoHirosakiAomori 036-8561Japan Institute of Food Crops Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural SciencesXiaolingweiNanjing 210014Jiangsu ProvinceChina Zhejiang Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology Gongshuqu Jiashanxincun26Hangzhou 310014Zhejiang ProvinceChina Center for Cultural Resource Studies Kanazawa University Kanazawa UniversityKakumaKanazawaIshikawa 920-1192Japan Department of Teacher Training and School Education Nara University of EducationTakahataNaraNara 630-8528Japan Archaeological Research Center Ehime University10-13 Dogo-hi-mataMatsuyamaEhime 790-8577Japan Agricultural Museum Faculty of AgricultureMiyazaki University1-1 Gakuen-Kibana-dai-NishiMiyazakiMiyazaki 889-2192Japan

To understand rice types that were utilized during postdomestication and in the modern age and the potential of genetic research in aged rice materials,archaeogenetic analysis was conducted for two populations of archaic rice grains from the Mojiaoshan site during the Liangzhu Period in China(2940 to 2840 BC).Sequencing after the PCR amplification of three regions of the chloroplast genome and one region of the nuclear genome showed recovery rates that were comparable to those in previous studies except for one chloroplast genome region,suggesting that the materials used in this work were appropriate for recovering genetic information related to domestication traits by using advanced *** after sequencing in these regions proved the existence of Japonica and Indica chloroplasts in archaic grains from the west trench,which were subsequently classified into eight plastid groups(type I–VIII),and indicated that these rice grains derived from different maternal lineages were stored together in storage houses at the Mojiaohsan *** these plastid groups,type V exhibited the same sequences as two modern Indica accessions that are utilized in basic studies and rice *** was inferred that part of the chloroplast genome of archaic rice has been preserved in modern genetic resources in these two modern Indica accessions,and the results indicated that rice related to their maternal ancestor was present at the Mojiaoshan site during the Liangzhu Period in *** usefulness of archaeogenetic analysis can be demonstrated by our research data as well as previous studies,providing encouragement for the possibility that archaeogenetic analysis can be applied to older rice materials that were utilized in the rice-domesticated period.

关键词： Agriculture Archaeology Archaic DNA Diversity Mojiaoshan Rice