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Pathological and physiological functional cross-talks ofα-synuclein and tau in the central nervous system

Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第4期19卷 855-862页

作者： Mingyue Jin Shengming Wang Xiaodie Gao Zhenyou Zou Shinji hirotsune Liyuan Sun Guangxi Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience Guilin Medical University Department of Genetic Disease Research Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine Department of Scientific Research Brain Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region

α-Synuclein and tau are abundant multifunctional brain proteins that are mainly expressed in the presynaptic and axonal compartments of neurons,*** works have revealed that intracellular deposition ofα-synuclein and/or tau causes many neurodegenerative disorders,including Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s *** intense investigation,the normal physiological functions and roles ofα-synuclein and tau are still unclear,owing to the fact that mice with knockout of either of these proteins do not present apparent ***,the co-occurrence ofα-synuclein and tau aggregates was found in post-mortem brains with synucleinopathies and tauopathies,some of which share similarities in clinical ***,the direct interaction ofα-synuclein with tau is considered to promote the fibrillization of each of the proteins in vitro and in *** the other hand,our recent findings have revealed thatα-synuclein and tau are cooperatively involved in brain development in a stage-dependent *** findings indicate strong cross-talk between the two proteins in physiology and *** this review,we provide a summary of the recent findings on the functional roles ofα-synuclein and tau in the physiological conditions and pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases.A deep understanding of the interplay betweenα-synuclein and tau in physiological and pathological conditions might provide novel targets for clinical diagnosis and therapeutic strategies to treat neurodegenerative diseases.

关键词： alpha-synuclein microtubule-associated protein neurodegenerative disease tau

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Impact of Seven Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine on Nasopharyngeal Carriage in Young Children in Okinawa, Japan

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World Journal of Vaccines 2015年第2期5卷 88-95页

作者： Hideki Akeda Bin Chang Yoshihisa Nakamura hirotsune hamabata Kenji Ameku Takaya Toma Eiichi Tamanaha Makoto Ohnishi Okinawa Prefectural Nanbu Medical Center & Children’s Medical Center Okinawa Japan Department of Bacteriology I National Institute of Infectious Diseases Tokyo Japan Nakamura Clinic Pediatric Dermatology and Internal Medicine Okinawa Japan Awase Daiichi Clinic Okinawa Japan Syuri Child Clinic Okinawa Japan Wanpaku Clinic Okinawa Japan The Okinawa Society of Child Health Okinawa Japan

In Japan, the heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) became available in February 2010 and was subsidized by the national funding system from May 2011 in Okinawa, after which it was incorporated into the national immunization practice (NIP) in April 2013 using a 3 + 1 schedule for all infants. We conducted an annual survey in 2012 to determine the effect of PCV7 on nasopharyngeal colonization by pneumococcal serotypes and to analyze the risk factors for colonization in infants. Nasopharyngeal swabs for pneumococcal isolation and serotyping were obtained from infant 2 to 22 months of age before and after PCV7 immunization among 4 clinics in Okinawa, Japan. Between January 2012 and December 2012, nasopharyngeal swabs for bacterial cultures were obtained among 782 infants aged 2 to 22 months old and demographic data was obtained among 725 participant infants. Among the 725 evaluable infants, 193 pneumococcal strains were detected in 180 infants for an overall nasopharyngeal carriage of 24.8%. The main capsular serotypes isolated were 6C (16.1%), 19A (12.4%) and 15B (9.8%). Carriage of PCV7 serotypes accounted for 21.8% (42/193). The result of multivariate data analysis showed the pneumococcal carriage rate of non-PCV7 serotypes was significantly (P < 0.001) high in infant with siblings and daycare attendance. On the other hand, the result of multivariate data analysis showed that carriage rate of PCV7 serotype had only significantly high risk in infant with siblings and did not have a significant risk dependent on age and daycare attendance. Carriage PCV7 serotypes increased in the presence of other siblings, while PCV7 vaccination was shown to eliminate daycare attendance as a risk. The results of this study demonstrates that PCV7 vaccination decrease the overall nasopharyngeal carriage of PCV7 serotypes in vaccinated children including children at risk such as children attending day-care centers.

关键词： Nasopharynx Carriage Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Japan Young Children

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Ultrasound-guided local ethanol injection for fertility-preserving cervical pregnancy accompanied by fetal heartbeat: Two case reports

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第11期10卷 3587-3592页

作者： Toshiyuki Kakinuma Kaoru Kakinuma Yoshio Matsuda Michitaka Ohwada Kaoru Yanagida hirotsune Kaijima Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology International University of Health and Welfare HospitalNasushiobara 329-2763Japan Minatomirai Yume Clinic Yokohama 220-0012Japan

BACKGROUND The incidence of cervical pregnancy is increasing due to the recent widespread application of assisted reproductive *** hysterectomy has been a treatment option,high-sensitivity human chorionic gonadotropin testing and improved accuracy of transvaginal ultrasound imaging have increased possibility of uterine *** and curettage with methotrexate therapy and uterine artery embolization have been reported as treatments with fertility preservation;however,certain disadvantages limit their *** SUMMARY In our two reported cases,we avoided massive bleeding and immediately resumed infertility treatment using ultrasound-guided local ethanol injection for cervical pregnancies with fetal *** This treatment may be a new fertility-preserving option for cervical pregnancy.

关键词： Ultrasonography Ethanol Infertility Fertility preservation Methotrexate Case report

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Alpha-synuclein has a unique function in axonal transport

Alpha-synuclein has a unique function in axonal transport

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中国神经科学学会第十二届全国学术会议

作者： Mingyue Jin Shiori Toba Sakiko Matsumoto Shinji hirotsune Department of Genetic Disease Research Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine

Objective Alterations in axonal transport have been implicated in neurodegeneration and its progression in a number of neurodegenerative diseases including Parkinson’s disease（PD）. Several studies already reported the involvement of α-Syn and cytoplasmic dynein in neurodegeneration, but how mutant synucleins play a causative role is not clear. In this study, we attempted to explore that how α-Syn functions in axonal transport. Methods The function of α-Syn in axonal transport was examined by live cell imaging in combination with super-resolution photo-activated localization microscopy（SR-PALM） and transmission electron microscopy. Results（1） α-Syn stabilizes short microtubules（MTs） and preferentially binds to MTs carrying 14-protofilaments（pfs） in vitro.（2） We previously proposed a daring model for a transportable microtubule（t MT）, in which dynein is anchored on a t MT by LIS1 followed by anterograde transport by kinesin-1. Live-cell imaging indicated the cotransport of α-Syn with dynein to the plus ends of MTs in neurons, which is severely affected in its mutant forms. SR-PALM further revealed fibrous co-localization of α-Syn with βIII-tubulin and dynein.（3） MTs carrying 14-pfs were found in rat femoral nerve tissue, which increased around 19-fold the control in quantify upon nerve ligation, emphasizing the unconventional 14-pfs MTs are mobile. Conclusion Here, we found a unique function of α-Syn in anterograde axonal transport. This is an unexpected and intriguing discovery on intracellular transport, and shed new light on the pathogenesis of PD.

关键词： Alpha-synuclein cytoplasmic dynein axonal transport Parkinson’s disease

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Tubulopapillary adenoma of the gallbladder accompanied by bile duct tumor thrombus

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第26期20卷 8736-8739页

作者： Kentaroh Yamamoto Fumio Yamamoto Atsuhiro Maeda hirotsune Igimi Mami Yamamoto Ryosuke Yamaguchi Yuichi Yamashita Department of Surgery Yamamoto Memorial Hospital Department of Internal Medicine Maeda Hospital Department of Gastroenterological Surgery Fukuoka University School of Medicine

Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm of the bile duct(IPNB)is recognized as a precancerous lesion;however,both its pathogenesis and progression remain *** present here a case of IPNB arising from the gallbladder accompanied by bile duct tumor thrombus in a 79-year-old *** resected specimen revealed a tubulopapillary adenoma with no malignant *** case suggests that even in the absence of malignant cells,these tumors can behave as malignant tumors requiring aggressive *** if no malignant cells are present,intraepithelial neoplasms occurring in the ampullopancreatobiliary tract can behave as malignant tumors.

关键词： Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm of the bil

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