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Can control of gut microbiota be a future therapeutic option for inflammatory bowel disease?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第23期27卷 3317-3326页

作者： Atsushi Nishida Kyohei Nishino Keitaro Sakai Yuji Owaki Yoshika Noda hirotsugu Imaeda Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Nagahama City HospitalNagahama 5268580ShigaJapan

Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)is a chronic inflammatory condition of the gastrointestinal tract encompassing two main clinical entities,Crohn’s disease and ulcerative *** evidence indicates that an aberrant immune activation caused by the interplay of genetic susceptibility and environmental impact on the gut microbiota may be involved in the pathogenesis of *** advances in next-generation sequencing technology have enabled a number of studies to identify the alteration of the gut microbiota,termed dysbiosis,in ***,the alteration in the metabolites derived from the gut microbiota in IBD has also been described in many ***,microbiota-based interventions such as fecal microbiota transplantation(FMT)have attracted attention as a novel therapeutic option in ***,in clinical trials,the efficacy of FMT for IBD remains *** basic and clinical studies are required to validate whether FMT can assume a complementary role in the treatment of *** present review provides a synopsis on dysbiosis in IBD and on the association between the gut microbiota and the pathogenesis of *** addition,we summarize the use of probiotics in IBD and the results of current clinical trials of FMT for IBD.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Dysbiosis Fecal microbiota transplantation Short chain fatty acid Probiotics

Isolated pancreatic metastasis from a malignant pleural mesothelioma diagnosed using endoscopic ultrasonography-guided fne needle aspiration biopsy

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2022年第2期21卷 196-198页

作者： Yuki Ishikawa-Kakiya hirotsugu Maruyama Kojiro Tanoue Shusei Fukunaga Yasuaki Nagami Yasuhiro Fujiwara Department of Gastroenterology Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine1-4-3AsahimachiAbeno-kuOsaka 545-8585Japan

To the Editor:Malignant pleural mesothelioma is a rare and aggressive form of cancer with a poor prognosis [1].Its progression is mainly a direct invasion from the primary lesion,and metastasis to distant regions rarely *** was found that metastasis of malignant pleural mesothelioma may occur in the liver,adrenal glands,and kidneys in autopsy cases [2].

关键词： metastasis pleural needle

Butyrate stimulates IL-32α expression in human intestinal epithelial cell lines

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第19期16卷 2355-2361页

作者： Ayako Kobori Shigeki Bamba hirotsugu Imaeda Hiromitsu Ban Tomoyuki Tsujikawa Yasuharu Saito Yoshihide Fujiyama Akira Andoh Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal Medicine Shiga University of Medical Science Seta Tukinowa Otsu 520-2192 Japan Division of Mucosal Immunology Graduate School of Medicine Shiga University of Medical Science Seta Tukinowa Otsu 520-2192 Japan

AIM: To investigate the effects of butyrate on interleukin (IL)-32α expression in epithelial cell lines. METHODS: The human intestinal epithelial cell lines HT-29, SW480, and T84 were used. Intracellular IL- 32α was determined by Western blotting analyses. IL- 32α mRNA expression was analyzed by real-time poly-merase chain reaction. RESULTS: Acetate and propionate had no effects on IL-32α mRNA expression. Butyrate significantly enhanced IL-32α expression in all cell lines. Butyrate also up-regulated IL-1β-induced IL-32α mRNA expression. Butyrate did not modulate the activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), a mediator of IL- 32α expression. Like butyrate, trichostatin A, a histone deacetylase inhibitor, also enhanced IL-1β-induced IL- 32α mRNA ***: Butyrate stimulated IL-32α expression in epithelial cell lines. An epigenetic mechanism, such as histone hyperacetylation, might be involved in the action of butyrate on IL-32α expression.

关键词： Cytokine Histone acetylation Inflammatory bowel disease

Update on gut microbiota in gastrointestinal diseases

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第22期10卷 7653-7664页

作者： Atsushi Nishida Kyohei Nishino Masashi Ohno Keitaro Sakai Yuji Owaki Yoshika Noda hirotsugu Imaeda Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Nagahama City HospitalNagahama 526-8580Japan

The human gut is a complex microbial ecosystem comprising approximately 100 trillion microbes collectively known as the“gut microbiota”.At a rough estimate,the human gut microbiome contains almost 3.3 million genes,which are about 150 times more than the total human genes present in the human *** vast amount of genetic information produces various enzymes and physiologically active ***,the gut microbiota contributes to the maintenance of host health;however,when healthy microbial composition is perturbed,a condition termed“dysbiosis”,the altered gut microbiota can trigger the development of various gastrointestinal *** gut microbiota has consequently become an extremely important research area in *** is also expected that the results of research into the gut microbiota will be applied to the prevention and treatment of human gastrointestinal diseases.A randomized controlled trial conducted by a Dutch research group in 2013 showed the positive effect of fecal microbiota transplantation(FMT)on recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection(CDI).These findings have led to the development of treatments targeting the gut microbiota,such as probiotics and FMT for inflammatory bowel diseases(IBD)and other *** review focuses on the association of the gut microbiota with human gastrointestinal diseases,including CDI,IBD,and irritable bowel *** also summarize the therapeutic options for targeting the altered gut microbiota,such as probiotics and FMT.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Clostridioides difficile(Clostridium)infection Irritable bowel syndrome Probiotics Fecal microbiota transplantation

Safety and efficacy of transpapillary bridged bilateral side-by-side stenting for unresectable malignant hilar biliary obstruction

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2017年第6期16卷 659-661页

作者： hirotsugu Maruyama Kazunari Tominaga Kunihiro Kato Satoshi Sugimori Masatsugu Shiba Toshio Watanabe Yasuhiro Fujiwara Department of Gastroenterology Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine 1-4-3 Asahimachi Abeno-ku Osaka 545-8585 Japan

To the Editor:Biliary drainage is most frequently performed among endoscopic procedures using pancreatobiliary endoscopy.A large-diameter metallic stent can significantly extend the patency period rather than a plastic stent for extrahepatic biliary stricture.;However,the optimal drainage for the hilar biliary obstruction is still controversial.

关键词： Safety and efficacy of transpapillary bridged bilateral side-by-side stenting for unresectable malignant hilar biliary obstruction

Large stereoscopic LED display by use of parallax barrier of aperture grille type(Invited Paper)

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Chinese Optics Letters 2014年第6期12卷 21-25页

作者： hirotsugu Yamamoto Hayato Nishimura Tetsuya Abe Yoshio Hayasaki Department of Optical Science and Technology University of Tokushima2-1 Minamijosanjima Tokushima CityTokushima 7708506 Japan Center for Optical Research and Education Utsunomiya University7-1-2 Yoto Utsunomiya City Tochigi 3218585 Japan

We propose a large parallax barrier by use of aperture grille. Main advantages of using aperture grille include no reflection and no absorption in apertures, as well as wide viewing angle. These advantages are investigated with theoretical calculations and experiments by use of several kinds of LED panels, such as a fine-pitch LED panel and a 140-inch large LED panel. Limitations of viewing angle by parallax barrier are analyzed in conventional black stripes on a transparent substrate type and in aperture grille type. Experimental results straw use of aperture grille increases contrast and reduce reflection on the aperture surface.

关键词： LED Large stereoscopic LED display by use of parallax barrier of aperture grille type

Rare histological subtype of invasive micropapillary carcinoma in the ampulla of Vater: A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2021年第11期9卷 2671-2678页

作者： hirotsugu Noguchi Michiyo Higashi Tetsuya Idichi Hiroshi Kurahara Yuko Mataki Takashi Tasaki Ikumi Kitazono Takao Ohtsuka Akihide Tanimoto Department of Pathology Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesKagoshima 890-8544Japan Department of Digestive Surgery Breast and Thyroid SurgeryKagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesKagoshima 890-8544Japan

BACKGROUND Carcinoma of the ampulla of Vater is an uncommon ampullo-pancreatobiliary neoplasm,and the most common histological type is adenocarcinoma with a tubular growth *** micropapillary carcinoma(IMPC)is an aggressive variant of adenocarcinoma in several organs that is associated with lymph node metastasis and poor *** was first described as a histological subtype of breast cancer;however,IMPC of the ampulla of Vater is extremely rare,with only three articles reported in the English *** SUMMARY We have reported a case of IMPC of the ampulla of Vater in an 80-year-old ***,the surface area of the carcinoma was composed of tubulopapillary structures mimicking intra-ampullary papillary-tubular neoplasm,and the deep invasive front area exhibited a pattern of *** carcinoma showed lymphatic invasion and extensive lymph node *** immunohistochemical study revealed mixed intestinal and gastric/pancreatobiliary *** This rare subtype tumor in the ampulla of Vater showed a histologically mixed phenotype and exhibited aggressive behavior.

关键词： Micropapillary carcinoma Rare histological subtype Ampulla of Vater Ampullo-pancreatobiliary region Intra-ampullary papillary-tubular neoplasm Case report

Multistep hepatocarcinogenesis from a dysplastic nodule to well-differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma in a patient with alcohol-related liver cirrhosis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第8期13卷 1271-1274页

作者： Soo Ryang Kim hirotsugu Ikawa Kenji Ando Keiji Mita Shuichi Fuki Michiie Sakamoto Yoshihiro Kanbara Toshiyuki Matsuoka Masatoshi Kudo Yoshitake Hayashi Department of Gastroenterology Kobe Asahi Hospital Japan Department of Pathology Keio University School of Medicine Japan Department of Surgery Hyogo Medical Center for Adults Japan Department of Radiology Osaka City University Medical School Japan Department of Gastroenterology Kinki University School of Medicine Japan Division of Molecular Medicine & Medical Genetics International Center for Medical Research and Treatment Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine Japan

We describe a rare case of the transformation of a dysplastic nodule into well-differentiated hepato- cellular carcinoma (HCC) in a 56-year-old man with alcoholrelated liver cirrhosis. Ultrasound (US) disclosed a 10 mm hypoechoic nodule and contrast enhanced US revealed a hypovascular nodule, both in segment seven. US-guided biopsy revealed a high-grade dysplastic nodule characterized by enhanced cellularity with a high N/C ratio, increased cytoplasmic eosinophilia, and slight cell atypia. One year later, the US pattern of the nodule changed from hypoechoic to hyperechoic without any change in size or hypovascularity. US-guided biopsy revealed well-differentiated HCC of the same features as shown in the first biopsy, but with additional pseudoglandular formation and moderate cell atypia. Moreover, immunohistochemical staining of cyclase- associated protein 2, a new molecular marker of well- differentiated HCC, turned positive. This is the first case of multistep hepatocarcinogenesis from a dysplastic nodule to well-differentiated HCC within one year in alcohol-related liver cirrhosis.

关键词： Multistep hepatocarcinogenesis Dysplastic nodule Well-differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma Alcohol-related liver cirrhosis Cyclase-associated protein 2

Application of novel magnified single balloon enteroscopy for a patient with Cronkhite-Canada syndrome

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第22期23卷 4121-4126页

作者： Masaki Murata Shigeki Bamba Kenichiro Takahashi hirotsugu Imaeda Atsushi Nishida Osamu Inatomi Tomoyuki Tsujikawa Ryoji Kushima Mitsushige Sugimoto Akira Andoh Department of Medicine Shiga University of Medical Science Comprehensive Internal Medicine Shiga University of Medical ScienceSeta-Tsukinowa Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine Shiga University of Medical Science Division of Digestive endoscopy Shiga University of Medical Science

We present a case of Cronkhite-Canada syndrome(CCS) in which the entire intestine was observed using a prototype of magnifying single-balloon enteroscope(SIF Y-0007, Olympus). CCS is a rare, non-familial gastrointestinal polyposis with ectodermal abnormalities. To our knowledge, this is the first report showing magnified intestinal lesions of CCS. A 73-year-old female visited our hospital with complaints of diarrhea and dysgeusia. The blood test showed mild anemia and hypoalbuminemia. The esophagogastroduodenoscopy and colonoscopy revealed diffuse and reddened sessile to semi-pedunculated polyps, resulting in the diagnosis of CCS. In addition to the findings of conventional balloon-assisted enteroscopy or capsule endoscopy, magnifying observation revealed tiny granular structures, non-uniformity of the villus, irregular caliber of the loop-like capillaries, scattered white spots in the villous tip, and patchy redness of the villus. Histologically, the scattered white spots and patchy redness of the villus reflect lymphangiectasia and bleeding to interstitium, respectively.

关键词： Balloon-assisted enteroscopy Magnified endoscopy Narrow band imaging Small intestine