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Efficacy and safety of telaprevir- and simeprevir-based triple therapies for older patients with chronic hepatitis C

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World Journal of Hepatology 2017年第5期9卷 252-262页

作者： Satoshi Yamagiwa Toru Ishikawa Nobuo Waguri Soichi Sugitani hiroto wakabayashi Shogo Ohkoshi Takashi Tsukishiro Toru Takahashi Toshiaki Watanabe Shuji Terai Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Saiseikai Niigata Daini Hospital Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Niigata City General Hospital Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Tachikawa General Hospital Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Takeda General Hospital Department of Internal Medicine Nippon Dental University Medical Hospital Department of Internal Medicine Itoigawa General Hospital Department of Internal Medicine Uonuma Hospital Watanabe Clinic

AIM To evaluate and compare the efficacy and safety of telaprevir(TVR)-and simeprevir(SMV)-based triple therapies in elderly patients, specifically patients aged 66 years or older.METHODS The present study enrolled 112 and 76 Japanese patients with chronic hepatitis C virus genotype 1b infection who were treated with a 12-wk TVR-based or SMV-based triple therapy, respectively, followed by a dual therapy that included pegylated interferon α and ribavirin(RBV) for 12 wk. The patients were categorized into two groups according to age as follows: A younger group of patients aged ≤ 65 years old and an older group of patients aged > 65 years old. Among the patients treated with TVR-based triple therapy, 34 patients were included in the older group. The median ages were 56 years(range: 28-65 years) in the younger group and 69 years(range: 66-81 years) in the older group. Among the patients treated with SMV-based triple therapy, 39 patients were included in the older group. The median ages were 59 years(range: 36-65 years) in the younger group and 71 years(range: 66-86 years) in the older group. The clinical, biochemical and virological data were analyzed before and during treatment.RESULTS Among the patients treated with the TVR-based triple therapy, no significant difference in the sustained virological response(SVR) was found between the younger(80.8%) and older(88.2%) groups. The SVR rates for patients with the interleukin 28B(IL28B)(rs8099917) TG/GGgenotypes(73.9% and 60.0% in the younger and older groups, respectively) were significantly lower than for patients with the IL28B TT-genotype(86.3% and 92.9%, respectively). The cumulative exposure to RBV for the entire 24-wk treatment period(as a percentage of the target dose) was significantly higher in the younger group than in the older group(91.7% vs 66.7%, respectively, P < 0.01), but the cumulative exposure to TVR was not significantly different between the younger and older groups(91.6% vs 81.9%, respectively). A multivariate analysis identified the TT-genotype o

关键词： Telaprevir 年老的病人丙肝病毒遗传型 1b Interleukin 28B Simeprevir

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反面的反面东京裹|URA鞋店

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室内设计与装修 2024年第5期 92-95页

作者： hiroto Kubo 无不详 Insideoutltd. 日本

URA是时尚设计师三原康裕的鞋品概念店,坐落在东京原宿神宫前的一条小街上。原建筑应该算是一间半地下室,昏暗且隐蔽的环境很容易被误认为是邦德的地下实验室。在紧凑的47 m2内,东京室内设计事务所Insideout打造了一个巧妙的空间,为展... 详细信息

URA是时尚设计师三原康裕的鞋品概念店,坐落在东京原宿神宫前的一条小街上。原建筑应该算是一间半地下室,昏暗且隐蔽的环境很容易被误认为是邦德的地下实验室。在紧凑的47 m2内,东京室内设计事务所Insideout打造了一个巧妙的空间,为展示从多角度考虑环境和社会责任的产品,提供了一个挑战固有可持续设计理念的平台。尽管环境具有高度反光和耀眼的特点,但在荧光灯光的笼罩下,一种内在的宁静感悄然浮现。

关键词：半地下室室内设计鞋店地下实验室可持续设计理念荧光灯概念店

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Tumor size discrepancy between endoscopic and pathological evaluations in colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2024年第3期16卷 136-147页

作者： Takeshi Onda Osamu Goto Toshiaki Otsuka Yoshiaki Hayasaka Shun Nakagome Tsugumi Habu Yumiko Ishikawa Kumiko Kirita Eriko Koizumi hiroto Noda Kazutoshi Higuchi Jun Omori Naohiko Akimoto Katsuhiko Iwakiri Department of Gastroenterology Nippon Medical SchoolGraduate School of MedicineBunkyo-ku 113-8603TokyoJapan Endoscopy Center Nippon Medical School HospitalBunkyo-ku 113-8603TokyoJapan Department of Hygiene and Public Health Nippon Medical SchoolBunkyoku 113-8603TokyoJapan Center for Medical Education Nippon Medical SchoolBunkyo-ku 113-8603TokyoJapan

BACKGROUND Tumor size impacts the technical difficulty and histological curability of colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD);however,the preoperative evaluation of tumor size is often different from histological assessment.Analyzing influential factors on failure to obtain an accurate tumor size evaluation could help prepare optimal conditions for safer and more reliable ESD.METHODS This was a retrospective study conducted at a single institution.A total of 377 lesions removed by colorectal ESD at our hospital between April 2018 and March 2022 were collected.We first assessed the difference in size with an absolute per-centage of the scaling discrepancy.Subsequently,we compared the clinicopatho-logical characteristics of the correct scaling group(>-33%and33%),which was further subdivided into the underscaling group(-33%or less of the discrepancy)and overscaling group(33%or more of the discrepancy),respectively.As secondary outcome measures,parameters on size estimation were compared between the underscaling and correct scaling groups,as well as between the overscaling and correct scaling groups.Finally,multivariate analysis was performed in terms of the following relevant parameters on size estimation:Pathological size,location,and possible influential factors(P<0.1)in the univariate analysis.RESULTS The mean of absolute percentage in the scaling discordance was 21%,and 91 lesions were considered to be incorrectly estimated in size.The incorrect scaling was significantly remarkable in larger lesions(40 mm vs 28 mm;P<0.001)and less experience(P<0.001),and these two factors were influential on the underscaling(75 lesions;P<0.001).Conversely,compared with the correct scaling group,16 lesions in the overscaling group were significantly small(20 mm vs 28 mm;P<0.001),and the small lesion size was influential on the overscaling(P=0.002).CONCLUSION Lesions indicated for colorectal ESD tended to be underestimated in large tumors,but overestimated in small one

关键词： Endoscopic submucosal dissection Colorectal tumor Tumor size Size estimation Size discrepancy

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Platinum–P(BFPy) 3 -catalyzed regioselective diboration of terminal alkynes with (pin)B–B (aam)

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Organic Chemistry Frontiers 2022年第5期9卷 1370-1374页

作者： Ikuo Kageyuki Jialun Li hiroto Yoshida Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering Hiroshima UniversityHigashi-Hiroshima 739-8526Japan

An unsymmetrical diboron,(pin)B–B(aam),is smoothly added across a carbon–carbon triple bond of various terminal alkynes under platinum catalysis,resulting in the regio-and stereoselective formation of cis-vic-diborylalkenes via B(aam)-installation at the terminal carbon.The use of a highly electron-deficient triarylphosphine ligand,P(BFPy)_(3),is indispensable for the regiocontrol,and electron-deficiency in ligands has been proven to be closely correlated with the regioselectivity.

关键词： smoothly catalyzed boron

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Accuracy of shoulder joint injections with ultrasound guidance:Confirmed by magnetic resonance arthrography

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2022年第3期13卷 259-266页

作者： Kosuke Kuratani Makoto Tanaka hiroto Hanai Kenji Hayashida Department of Orthopedic Surgery Japan Community Healthcare Organization Osaka HospitalOsaka 553-0003Japan Center for Sports Medicine Daini Osaka Police HospitalOsaka 543-8922Japan Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Osaka University Graduate School of MedicineSuita 565-0871Japan Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Daini Osaka Police HospitalOsaka 543-8922Japan

BACKGROUND Intra-articular glenohumeral joint injections are essential procedures for treating various shoulder disorders. Fluoroscopy-guided injections have been extensively used;however, they pose a risk of radiation exposure and are expensive and timeconsuming. Recently, it has been suggested that ultrasound-guided injections are accurate and cost effective procedures.AIM To evaluate the accuracy of ultrasound-guided glenohumeral injections using a posterior approach that is confirmed using magnetic resonance arthrography(MRA).METHODS The study included 179 shoulders of patients with recurrent anterior instability(150 patients;103 and 76 right and left shoulders, respectively;160 males and 19 females;average age = 20.5 years;age range: 14-63 years) who underwent MRA for preoperative diagnosis. They were injected with 12 m L lidocaine(1%) using the ultrasound-guided posterior approach and then underwent magnetic resonance imaging. Two shoulder surgeons, except for the injector, evaluated the transverse relaxation(T2)-weighted images of axial planes and classified the intraarticular condition of injected contrast into three groups based on one of the three following scenarios: no leakage, injection into the glenohumeral joint without leakage;minor leakage, practical intra-articular injection with some leakage outside the posterior rotator cuffs;and major leakage, inaccurate injection with mass leakage without any contrast into the joint. The inter-rater reliability between two assessors was also evaluated by calculating Cohen’s kappa coefficient. The learning curve was assessed regarding the inaccurate injection rate by analyzing Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient.RESULTS Of the 179 injections, 163 shoulders(91.0%) had no leakage, 10 shoulders(5.6%) had minor leakage, and six shoulders(3.4%) had major leakage. In total, 173 shoulders(96.6%) were intraarticularly injected;thus, we could detect anterior labrum and capsular pathologies. Regarding the inter-rater reliability, the kappa coefficient was 0.925, in

关键词： Shoulder injections Glenohumeral injections Ultrasound guidance Magnetic resonance arthrography

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Challenge to ABO blood type barrier in living donor liver transplantation

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2020年第4期19卷 342-348页

作者： hiroto Egawa Department of Gastroenterology Tokyo Women’s Medical UniversityTokyoJapan

ABO incompatible living donor liver transplantation has the potential to expand the donor pool for patients with end stage liver diseases on the expense of challenges to overcome immunological barriers across blood type.There is a profound impact of age on incidence and severity of antibody mediated rejection(AMR).Even children older than 1 year have chances of AMR;children aged 8 years or older have risks of hepatic necrosis similar to adult liver recipients.The mechanism of AMR is based on circulatory disturbances secondary to inflammation and injury of the vascular endothelium caused by an antibody-antigen-complement reaction.The strategy to overcome ABO blood type barrier is based on both pre-transplant desensitization and adequate treatment of this phenomenon.Nowadays,rituximab is the standard means of desensitization but unfortunately an insufficient aid to treat AMR.Because of low incidence(less than 5%in the rituximab era),in practice of AMR only some case reports about the treatment of clinical AMR are available in the literature.Initial experiences revealed that the proteasome inhibitor,bortezomib might be a promising treatment based on its capacity to deplete plasma cell agents.Although ABO blood type barrier has been counteracted in 95%of patients by applying“rituximab-desensitization”,many issues,such as prediction of high-risk patients of infection and AMR and secure treatment strategies for evoked AMR,remain to be resolved.

关键词： ABO blood type Living donor liver transplantation Antibody mediated rejection

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Shedding new light on the dislocation-mediated plasticity in wurtzite ZnO single crystals by photoindentation

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2023年第25期156卷 206-216页

作者： Yan Li Xufei Fang Eita Tochigi Yu Oshima Sena Hoshino Takazumi Tanaka hiroto Oguri Shigenobu Ogata Yuichi Ikuhara Katsuyuki Matsunaga Atsutomo Nakamura Department of Mechanical Science and Bioengineering Osaka University1-3 Machikaneyama-choToyonaka 560-8531Japan Department of Materials and Earth Sciences Technical University of Darmstadt64287 DarmstadtGermany Institute of Industrial Science The University of Tokyo4-6-1 KomabaMeguro-kuTokyo 153-8505Japan PRESTO Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST)4-1-8HonchoKawaguchi-shiSaitama 332-0012Japan Department of Materials Physics Nagoya UniversityFuro-choChikusa-kuNagoya 464-8603Japan Institute of Engineering Innovation The University of Tokyo2-11-16 YayoiBunkyo-kuTokyo 113-8656Japan

Dislocation-mediated plasticity in inorganic semiconductors and oxides has attracted increasing research interest because of the promising mechanical and functional properties tuned by dislocations.In this study,we investigated the effects of light illumination on the dislocation-mediated plasticity in hexagonal wurtzite ZnO,a representative third-generation semiconductor material.A(0001)45o off sample was specially designed to preferentially activate the basal slip on(0001)plane.Three types of nanoindentation tests were performed under four different light conditions(550 nm,334 nm,405 nm,and darkness),including low-load(60μN)pop-in tests,high-load(500μN)nanoindentation tests,and nanoindentation creep tests.The maximum shear stresses at pop-in were found to approximate the theoretical shear strength regardless of the light conditions.The activation volume at pop-ins was calculated to be larger in light than in darkness.Cross-sectional transmission electron microscope images taken from beneath the indentation imprints showed that all indentation-induced dislocations were located beneath the indentation imprint in a thin-plate shape along one basal slip plane.These indentation-induced dislocations could spread much deeper in darkness than in light,revealing the suppressive effect of light on dislocation behavior.An analytical model was adopted to estimate the elastoplastic stress field beneath the indenter.It was found that dislocation glide ceased at a higher stress level in light,indicating the increase in the Peierls barrier under light illumination.Furthermore,nanoindentation creep tests showed the suppression of both indentation depth and creep rate by light.Nanoindentation creep also yielded a larger activation volume in light than in darkness.

关键词： Photoindentation Compound semiconductors Oxides Crystal plasticity Dislocations

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Reaction-Diffusion Algorithm for Quantitative Analysis of Periodic V-Shaped Bundles of Hair Cells in the Inner Ear

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2022年第3期10卷 240-251页

作者： hiroto Shoji Ryo Iwamoto Department of Science and Technology Kwansei Gakuin University Sanda Hyogo Japan

Columnar outer hair cells of the inner ear form V-shaped bundles, which are arranged in three rows in the cochlea. If the formation of these V-shaped bundles is disturbed, sensorineural hearing loss occurs. To quantify the distribution of V-shaped bundles, the use of a Turing-type reaction-diffusion (RD) system, including anisotropic diffusion, should be considered. We found that a periodic triangle pattern appears based on the anisotropy in the RD system. Then, using the proposed RD system, the image of the V-shaped bundle was examined. The results showed that the correlation between the RD pattern and V-shape bundles not only classifies the experimental result but also significantly differs in the number of directional changes in a set of V-shape bundle. Therefore, this process can help quantify the images of V-shaped bundles.

关键词： Reaction-Diffusion Turing Triangle Inner Ear

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Comparative Study of Segmentation Methods of Rat Sinusoidal Network to Evaluate Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis for Small Number of Medical Samples

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2022年第11期10卷 192-202页

作者： Masaki Murakishi hiroto Shoji Department of Science and Technology Kwansei Gakuin University Hyogo Japan

Extracting portions of pathology images to determine disease states is a challenging task, and several segmentation approaches have been developed. This study evaluated four well-known methods to classify changes in rat hepatic sinusoidal network morphology in nonalcoholic stetohepatitis were evaluated. The classical methods of morphological transformation (MT), convex hull (CH), and counter extraction (CE), and a machine learning method, U-net, were compared using fractal dimensions as feature quantities. The findings show that MT and CH are more effective than U-net when the number of samples is small, as is usually the case with pathology images. U-net required a large number of images and was the best method in terms of extracting the morphology. When the number of samples is small, such as the case with pathological images, it may be advantageous to use a combination of basic segmentation methods rather than advanced machine learning techniques, such as U-net. The segmentation methods must be carefully chosen depending on the diseases to be discriminated and on the number of samples.

关键词： Segmentation Deep Learning Fractal Dimensions

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Improvement of a temperature response function for divertor heat flux monitoring in fusion devices

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Plasma Science and Technology 2023年第3期25卷 217-221页

作者： Xuan Nhat Son BUI hiroto MATSUURA Yousuke NAKASHIMA Quantum and Radiation Engineering Department Osaka Prefecture University Plasma Research Center University of Tsukuba

Temperature response functions have been developed to investigate sensor design and divertor heat flux estimation in magnetically confined plasmas. The time-dependent heat flux can be derived by fitting the response function to experimental thermocouple(TC) data. Because the TC signals have a time delay to transit events such as discharge start or confinement transition, the time delay is taken into account in a temperature response function. Such a function accurately describes the signal from each TC channel with time delay in a sensor test using a neutral beam injection. Measurement for commercial TCs shows that the time delay is caused by the finite heat capacity of TC wire and contact heat resistance between TC and target surface.

关键词： divertor temperature response function thermocouple system primary delay

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