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Optimization of immunotherapy for patients with hepatobiliary cancer

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2021年第5期10卷 717-719页

作者： Yuji Eso hiroshi Seno Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Graduate School of MedicineKyoto UniversityKyotoJapan

Immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs)has been shown its benefit for patients with various types of cancers(1,2).Sahara et *** reported the utilization of immunotherapy in the United States among patients with hepatobiliary cancer in Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition(3).In recent years,immunotherapy has become an increasingly popular choice for cancer *** practice,however,the choice is biased not only by the progression of the tumor stage,but also by patients'socioeconomic *** other words,the choice of immunotherapy has not been sufficiently optimized.

关键词： patients immunotherapy Surgery

Scenario Formation of Energy Demand and CO_2 Emissionsfor Sustainable China

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Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment 2008年第4期6卷 41-45页

作者： Wei Baoren Yagita hiroshi Suzhou University of Science and Technology Suzhou Jiangsu 215011 China Nippon Institute of Technology Saitama Pref. 345-8501 Japan

Co-integration theory has been employed in this paper and Granger causes are found between urbanization rate and GDP, between capital stock and GDP. Scenario analysis of GDP is performed using the GDP model established in the paper. The energy consumptions in Germany, Japan and other developed countries are analyzed and compared with the energy consumption in China. Environmental friendly scenario of energy demand and CO2 emissions for sustainable China has been formed based on the results of comparison. Under environmental friendly scenario, the primary energy consumption will be 4.31 billion ton coal equivalence （tee） and CO2 emissions will be 1.854 billion t-c in 2050; energy per capital will be 3.06 tee that is 1.8 times of energy consumed in 2005 in China and 51% of consumed energy per capital in Japan in 2003. In 2050, the energy requirement of unit GDP will be 20% lower than that of Germany in 2003, but will be still 37% higher than that in Japan in 2003. It is certain that to fulfill the environmental friendly Scenario of energy demand and CO2 emissions is a difficult task and it needs long term efforts of the whole society, not only in production sectors but also in service and household sectors,

关键词： energy demand CO2 emissions scenario analysis cointegration

Discovery of Zr-based metal-organic polygon:Unveiling new design opportunities in reticular chemistry

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Nano Research 2021年第2期14卷 392-397页

作者： Jiyeon Kim Dongsik Nam hiroshi Kitagawa Dae-Woon Lim Wonyoung Choe Department of Chemistry Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology50 UNIST-gilUlsan 44919Republic of Korea Department of Chemistry Graduate School of ScienceKyoto UniversityKitashirakawa Oiwake-choSakyo-kuKyoto 606-8502Japan Department of Chemistry and Medical Chemistry College of Science and TechnologyYonsei University1 Yonseidae-gilWonjuGangwon-do 26493Republic of Korea

Metal-based secondary building unit and the shape of organic ligands are the two crucial factors for determining the final topology of metal-organic materials.A careful choice of organic and inorganic structural building units occasionally produces unexpected structures,facilitating deeper fundamental understanding of coordination-driven self-assembly behind metal-organic ***,we have synthesized a triangular metal-organic polygon(MOT-1),assembled from bulky tetramethyl terephthalate and Zr-based secondary building ***,the Zr-based secondary building unit serves as an unusual ditopic Zr-connector,toform metal-organic polygon MOT-1,proven to be a good candidate for water adsorption with *** study highlights the interplay of the geometrically frustrated ligand and secondary building unit in controlling the connectivity of metal-organic *** a strategy can be further used to unveil a new class of metal-organic materials.

关键词： reticular chem istry Zr-based metal-organic polygon geometrical frustration ditopic secondary building unit

Effects of Public Transfers on Income Inequality and Poverty in Rural China

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China & World Economy 2022年第5期30卷 29-48页

作者： Hisatoshi Hoken hiroshi Sato School of International Studies Kwansei Gakuin UniversityJapan Graduate School of Economics Hitotsubashi UniversityJapan

This study examines the impacts of public transfers on income inequality and poverty reduction in rural *** uses nationally representative rural household surveys from the China Household Income Project and classifies public transfers into threetypesuniversal,pro-poor,and reimbursable transfers-to compare the impacts of eachtype of public transfer in 2013and *** results show that the contributions of eachtypeof publictransfertoreducing incomeinequalityweregenerally small in both 2013 and ***,the effects of reimbursable transfers were the largest of the three *** also found that the poverty-reducing effects were the largest for reimbursabletransfers,and their impactshaveconsiderably improved inthewestern *** impacts of pro-poor transfers were intermediate but have developed notably in the central *** findings suggest that reimbursableand pro-poortransfers contributed mainly to reducing rural poverty but the impacts were heterogeneous among regions.

关键词： income inequality poverty public transfer rural policy social insurance

Mizoribine in the treatment of pediatric-onset glomerular disease

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2015年第2期11卷 108-112页

作者： hiroshi Tanaka Kazushi Tsuruga Taddatsu Imaizumi Department of School Health Science Faculty of EducationHirosaki UniversityHirosaki 036-8560Japan Department of Pediatrics Hirosaki University HospitalHirosaki 036-8563Japan Department of Vacular Biology Graduate School of MedicineHirosaki UniversityHirosaki 036-8562Japan

Background:Mizoribine(MZR)is a selective inhibitor of inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase,a key enzyme in the pathway responsible for de novo synthesis of guanine *** an immunosuppressant,MZR has been used successfully without any serious adverse effects in the treatment of renal diseases in children as well as *** its immunosuppressive effect,MZR has been reported to ameliorate tubulointerstitial fibrosis in rats via suppression of macrophage *** Sources:In this review,we summarize reported possible benefits of MZR in the treatment of pediatric-onset glomerular ***:We recently observed that MZR itself selectively attenuates the expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 at both the mRNA and protein levels in human mesangial *** MZR binds specifically to 14-3-3 proteins and heat shock protein 60,both of which are reportedly expressed in inflamed glomeruli,MZR may bind directly to inflamed glomerular cells,thereby possibly preventing progressive damage from glomerulonephritis through a suppressive effect on activated macrophages and intrinsic renal ***,it has recently been reported that MZR directly prevents podocyte injury through correction of the intracellular energy balance and nephrin biogenesis in cultured podocyte and rat models,suggesting a direct anti-proteinuric effect of ***:These beneficial mechanisms of action of MZR as well as its immunosuppressive effect would warrant its use in the treatment of pediatric-onset glomerular *** further studies remain to be done,we believe that MZR may be an attractive treatment of choice for children with glomerular diseases from a histologic as well as clinical standpoint.

关键词： macrophage infiltration mesangial cells mizoribine monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 podocytes

Optimum sintering conditions for optical properties of translucent aluminum nitride ceramics

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2009年第5期54卷 842-845页

作者： KANECHIKA Yukihiro AZUMA Masanobu FUKUSHIMA hiroshi Tokuyama Corp. Graduate School of Engineering Hiroshima University

High translucency is one of the excellent properties of AlN ceramics because of its wide optical band gap energy of 6.2 eV. We have achieved success in producing AlN ceramic tube of 98% total visible light transmittance at 0.6 mm thick tube wall by applying an improved sintering technique. This AlN ceramic was produced by sintering at 1880℃ using Ca3Al2O6 as a sintering additive and in reduction atmosphere to remove the sintering additive from the final sintered material. After the sintering, the annealing with Al2O3 was carried out to improve the transmittance of AlN ceramics. The amount of metal impurities and carbon were 27ppm and 100ppm, respectively. It is noteworthy that the amount of oxygen in AlN ceramics after the annealing was 0.36wt% which was higher than the 0.07wt% of the as-sintered AlN ceramics. Therefore, total transmittance was improved by the oxygen doping. On the other hand, thermal conductivity of AlN after the annealing was lowered by 35% compared with that of as-sintered AlN. Positron Annihilation Lifetime (PAL) measurement was applied to investigation of a relationship between the total transmittance and lattice defects. The present PAL results confirms the presence of negatively charged atomic-size vacancies that is aluminum site vacancies and also sug-gests the increase in the concentration of the vacancies after the annealing compared with that of the as-sintered material. However, it can be concluded that there is no relation between aluminum site va-cancies and the light transmittance of AlN ceramics.

关键词：陶器阳电子湮没铝氮化物半透明性光学性能

Rapidly deforming gastric carcinosarcoma with osteoblastic component:An autopsy case report

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第30期18卷 4064-4068页

作者： hiroshi Yoshida Noriyuki Tanaka Naobumi Tochigi Yoshio Suzuki Department of Pathology Asahi General HospitalChiba 289-2511Japan

Carcinosarcomas are rare,malignant,biphasic tumors simultaneously comprising carcinoma and sarcoma in a single *** present an extremely rare case of gastric carcinosarcoma with an osteoblastic component that drastically changed its shape within 2 mo.A 59-year-old male patient presented to the emergency outpatient unit with a complaint of black *** endoscopy showed an ulcerated mass in the cardia of the lesser curvature of the *** specimens revealed only *** months later,the ulcerated lesion drastically changed its shape into an exophytic *** gastrectomy was *** the resected specimen,the gastric tumor contained both adenocarcinoma and sarcoma components with lace-like *** patient died 7 mo after the operation,and an autopsy was *** the autopsy,widespread metastases were present in the liver,lung,lymph nodes and *** this report,we describe a case of gastric carcinosarcoma and presume its tumorigenesis based on the autopsy findings.

关键词： Carcinosarcoma Stomach Osteoblastic differentiation Autopsy Tumorigenesis

Usefulness and limitation of punched-out orchidometer in testicular volume measurement

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2005年第1期7卷 77-80,页

作者： Koji Shiraishi hiroshi Takihara Yoriaki Kamiryo Katsusuke Naito Department of Urology Saiseikai Shimonoseki General Hospital Yamaguchi Japan Department of Urology Onoda City Hospital Yamaguchi Japan Department of Urology Yamaguchi University School of Medicine Yamaguchi Japan

Aim: To determine the limitations of a punched-out orchidometer in practical use, we compared with a scrotal ultrasound (USG). Methods: A total of 281 testes from 142 males were examined using both a punched-out orchidometer and a USG. The volume differential between both methods was calculated and expressed as orchidometer/ USG volume (OAJ ratio). Distribution of the O/U ratio was determined and subdivided by clinical or pathological diagnosis. The correlations between the O/U ratio and patient age or orchidometer results were assessed. Results: There was a significant linear relationship between the results of orchidometer and USG (r = 0.94, P < 0.0001). The relationship between the O/U ratio and age or testicular volumes showed significant inverse correlations (r = 0.22, P = 0.0002, r = 0.45, P < 0.0001, respectively). Klinefelter's syndrome, ipsilateral detorted testes and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism comparatively showed a high O/U ratio. No incidental lesion was detected by USG necessitating treatment. Conclusion: The punched-out orchidometer gives estimates that correlated well with the USG measurements and provides enough information for routine andrological evaluation. We should be aware that the orchidometer often overestimates the testicular volume, especially for the patients with small testis or adolescents.

关键词： orchidometer testis ultrasonography

Acute pancreatitis and cholangitis: A complication caused by a migrated gastrostomy tube

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第39期13卷 5285-5287页

作者： hiroshi Imamura Toshihiro Konagaya Takashi Hashimoto Kunio Kasugai Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal Medicine Aichi Medical University School of Medicine 21 Karimata Yazako Nagakute-cho Aichi-gun Aichi-ken 480-1195 Japan

Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) is generally considered safe with a low rate of serious complications. However, dislocation of the PEG-tube into the duodenum can lead to serious complications. An 86-year old Japanese woman with PEG-tube feeding sometimes vomited after her family doctor replaced the PEG-tube without radiologic confirmation. At her hospitalization, she complained of severe tenderness at the epigastric region and the PEG-tube was drawn into the stomach. Imaging studies showed that the tip of PEG-tube with the infl ated balloon was migrated into the second portion of the duodenum, suggesting that it might have obstructed the bile and pancreatic ducts, inducing cholangitis and pancreatitis. After the PEG- tube was replaced at the appropriate position, vomiting and abdominal tenderness improved dramatically and laboratory studies became normal immediately. Our case suggests that it is important to secure PEG-tube at the level of skin, especially after replacement.

关键词： Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy Complications Tube migration Pancreatitis Cholangitis