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Hemodynamic consideration of intracranial aneurysm

Translational Neuroscience and Clinics 2017年第4期3卷 229-236页

作者： hiroshi ujiie Chie Shinohara Yoshinori Tamano Kouichi Katou Akira Teramoto Department of Neurosurgery Tokyo Rosai Hospital Department of Neurosurgery Blue–sky Matsui Hospital Department of Neurosurgery Narita Tomisato Tokusyukai Hospital Department of Neurosurgery Koshigaya Neurosurgical Clinic

We reviewed basic considerations in fluid dynamics of cerebral aneurysms and applied these in surgery on the three most common types: internal carotid-posterior communicating artery,middle cerebral artery,and anterior communicating artery. It was found that aneurysmal initiation and growth do not occur at symmetric bifurcations. As blood flow always obeys the law of inertia,jet flow into the aneurysm will disperse along the wall; assuming the aneurysmal wall strength is even,the shape of the aneurysm becomes round or oval. When neurosurgeons encounter an aneurysm that is not round or oval,the wall may be fragile and requires great care during surgical manipulation.

关键词： intracranial aneurysm subarachnoid hemorrhage computational fluid dynamics shear stress partial epilepsy middle cerebral artery internal carotid artery anterior cerebral artery

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Possible Factors Involved in Oral Inactivity of Meropenem, a Carbapenem Antibiotic

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Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2012年第2期3卷 201-206页

作者： Toshihide Saito Rinako Sawazaki Kaori ujiie Masako Oda hiroshi Saitoh Department of Pharmaceutics School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Health Sciences University of Hokkaido Ishikari-Tobetsu Hokkaido Japan Department of Pharmaceutics School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Health Sciences University of Hokkaido Ishikari-Tobetsu Hokkaido Japan.

Meropenem, a carbapenem antibiotic, is inactive after oral administration and administered exclusively by injection. In this study, in order to address the factors involved in the oral inactivity of meropenem, in vitro permeation characteristics across rat ileal segments was investigated using diffusion cells. Moreover, stability of meropenem was evaluated in the Japanese Pharmacopoeia (JP) 1st and 2nd fluid for disintegration test. Cefotaxime, ceftibuten, and faropenem were used for comparison. The permeation of meropenem across rat ileal segments was approximately 5-fold greater in secretory direction than in absorptive direction. The secretory-oriented transport of meropenem markedly diminished by replacement of D-glucose in the experimental medium with unmetabolizing 3-O-methyl-D-glucose, suggesting that the secretory transport of meropenem was an energy-dependent process. Cefotaxime exhibited extensively secretory-oriented permeation. On the other hand, much weaker directionalities were observed in ceftibuten and faropenem. While meropenem as well as other three β-lactam antibiotics was stable in JP 2nd fluid (pH 6.8), it declined rapidly in JP 1st fluid (pH 1.2). These results suggest that, in addition to the hydrophilic property of meropenem, its instability at gastric pH and secretory transport in the small intestine are possible factors involved in the inactivity of meropenem after oral administration.

关键词： Meropenem Oral inactivity Secretory transport Degradation Gastric pH

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