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Contribution of Cyclic and Pseudo-cyclic Electron Transport to the Formation of Proton Motive Force in Chloroplasts

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Molecular Plant 2017年第1期10卷 20-29页

作者： Toshiharu Shikanai hiroshi Yamamoto Department of Botany Graduate School of Science Kyoto University Oiwake-cho Kitashirakawa Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8502 Japan CREST Japan Science and Technology Agency Chiyoda-ku Tokyo 102-0076 Japan

Photosynthetic electron transport is coupled to proton translocation across the thylakoid membrane, re- sulting in the formation of a trans-thylakoid proton gradient （△pH） and membrane potential （△ψ）. Ion trans-porters and channels localized to the thylakoid membrane regulate the contribution of each component to the proton motive force （pmf）. Although both △pH and △ψ contribute to ATP synthesis as pmf, only ~pH downregulates photosynthetic electron transport via the acidification of the thylakoid lumen by inducing thermal dissipation of excessive absorbed light energy from photosystem II antennae and slowing down of the electron transport through the cytochrome bsf complex. To optimize the tradeoff between efficient light energy utilization and protection of both photosystems against photodamage, plants have to regulate the pmf amplitude and its components, △pH and △ψ. Cyclic electron transport around photosystem I （PSI） is a major regulator of the pmf amplitude by generating pmf independently of the net production of NADPH by linear electron transport. Chloroplast ATP synthase relaxes pmf for ATP synthesis, and its activity should be finely tuned for maintaining the size of the pmf during steady-state photosynthesis. Pseudo-cyclic electron transport mediated by flavodiiron protein （FIv） forms a large electron sink, which is essential for PSI photoprotection in fluctuating light in cyanobacteria. FIv is conserved from cyanobacteria to gymno- sperms but not in angiosperms. The Arabidopsis proton gradient regulation 50（pgr5） mutant is defective in the main pathway of PSI cyclic electron transport. By introducing Physcomitrella patens genes encoding Flvs, the function of PSI cyclic electron transport was substituted by that of FIv-dependent pseudo-cyclic electron transport. In transgenic plants, the size of the pmf was complemented to the wild-type level but the contribution of △pH to the total pmf was lower than that in the wild type. In the pgr5 mutant, the size of

关键词： alternative electron transport cyclic electron transport around photosystem I ion channel flavodiironprotein proton motive force pseudo-cyclic electron transport

Rough set-based rule generation and Apriori-based rule generation from table data sets: a survey and a combination

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CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology 2019年第4期4卷 203-213页

作者： hiroshi Sakai Michinori Nakata Graduate School of Engineering Kyushu Institute of TechnologySensui 1-1TobataKitakyushu 804-8550Japan Faculty of Management and Information Science Josai International UniversityGumyoToganeChiba 283-0002Japan

The authors have been coping with new computational methodologies such as rough sets,information incompleteness,data mining,granular computing,etc.,and developed some software tools on association rules as well as new mathematical *** simply term this research Rough sets Non-deterministic Information Analysis(RNIA).They followed several novel types of research,especially Pawlak’s rough sets,Lipski’s incomplete information databases,Or?owska’s non-deterministic information systems,Agrawal’s Apriori *** are outstanding researches related to information incompleteness,data mining,and rule *** have been trying to combine such novel researches,and they have been trying to realise more intelligent rule generator handling data sets with information *** study surveys the authors’research highlights on rule generators,and considers a combination of them.

关键词： Apriori rule incomplete

Linear seesaw model with a modular S_(4)flavor symmetry

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Chinese Physics C 2022年第5期46卷 11-19页

作者： Takaaki Nomura hiroshi Okada College of Physics Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China Asia Pacific Center for Theoretical Physics(APCTP)-Headquarters San 31 Hyoja-dongNam-guPohang 790-784Korea Department of Physics Pohang University of Science and TechnologyPohang 37673Korea

We discuss a linear seesaw model with a field content as minimum as possible,introducing a modular S_(4)using gauged U(1)_(B−L) *** to the rank two neutrino mass matrix,we obtain a vanishing neutrino mass eigenvalue,and only the normal mass hierarchy of neutrinos is favored via the modular S_(4)*** our numericalΔχ^(2)analysis,we especially determine a relatively sharp prediction on the sum of neutrino masses to be approximately 60 meV,in addition to other predictions.

关键词： neutrino mass linear seesaw mechanism modular S_(4)flavor symmetry

Broad-Spectrum Blast Resistance： Harnessing a Natural Allele of a Transcription Factor in Rice

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Molecular Plant 2017年第9期10卷 1144-1146页

作者： hiroshi Takatsuji Institute of Agrobiological Sciences (NIAS) National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO) 2-1-2 Kannondai Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-0051 Japan [∗]Corresponding author

Rice blast, which is caused by the fungus Magnaporthe oryzae, is a widespread and destructive plant disease that greatly reduces yield and grain quality worldwide. The use of host resistance is the most effective and economic way to control plant diseases. Many studies on blast resistance genes have focused on the nucleotide-binding site leucine-rich repeat （NB-LRR） resistance （called typical R） genes that mediate effector-triggered immunity. However, incorporating these R genes into rice varieties has not achieved durable blast resistance, because R-gene-mediated resistance is race-specific and often breaks down owing to the appearance of fungal variants that escape host recognition. Thus, the deployment of genes conferring non-race-specific du- rable resistance is highly desired by breeders. In plants, several genes conferring non-race-specific durable resistance genes have been isolated, but only a few of the molecular mechanisms responsible for resistance have been determined.

关键词： Broad-Spectrum Blast Resistance Harnessing a Natural Allele Transcription Factor in Rice

SH-wavefield simulation for a laterally heterogeneous whole-Earth model using the pseudospectral method

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Science China Earth Sciences 2011年第12期54卷 1940-1947页

作者： WANG YanBin TAKENAKA hiroshi Department of Geophysics School of Earth and Space Sciences Peking University Beijing 100871 China Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences Kyushu University Hakozaki 6-10-1 Fukuoka 812-8581 Japan

We present a scheme to simulate SH-wave propagation in a whole-Earth model with arbitrary lateral heterogeneities employing the Fourier pseudospectral method. Wave equations are defined in two-dimensional cylindrical coordinates and the model is taken through a great circle of the Earth. Spatial derivatives in the wave equations are calculated in the wavenumber domain by multiplication, and the transformation between spatial and wavenumber domains is performed via fast Fourier transformation. Because of the high accuracy and high speed of the Fourier pseudospectral method, the scheme enables us to calculate a short-wavelength global SH-wavefield with accurate waveforms and arrival times for models with heterogeneities that can be approximated as azimuthally symmetric. Comparing with two-dimensional simulation methods based on an axisymmetric model, implementing the seismic source in the present scheme is more convenient. We calculated the global SH-wavefield for the preliminary reference Earth model to identify the generation, reflection and refraction of various seismic phases propagating in the Earth. Applications to a heterogeneous global model with low-velocity perturbation above the core-mantle boundary were conducted to analyze the effect of lateral heterogeneity on global SH-wave propagation.

关键词： wave propagation computational seismology pseudospectral method global seismology core-mantle boundary

Long-Term Outcomes of Systemic-to-Pulmonary Artery Shunt in Patients with Functional Single Ventricle and Heterotaxy Syndrome

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Congenital Heart Disease 2023年第4期18卷 399-411页

作者： Shota Kawai Takashi Kido Yuta Teguri Koji Miwa Tomomitsu Kanaya Yoichiro Ishii Hisaaki Aoki Futoshi Kayatani Sanae tsumura Department of Cardiovascular Surgery Osaka Women’s and Children’s HospitalIzumiOsakaJapan Department of Pediatric Cardiology Osaka Women’s and Children’s HospitalIzumiOsakaJapan

Objectives: We sought to determine the long-term outcomes and mortality-associated factors after systemic-topulmonaryartery shunt (SPS) in patients with heterotaxy syndrome. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed allpatients with a functional single ventricle and heterotaxy syndrome who underwent SPS at our center from January2001 to April 2022. Results: This study involved 84 patients. Restrictive pulmonary blood flow requiringearly modulation was presented in 34 (40%) patients. Compared with patients without restrictive pulmonaryblood flow (N = 50 [60%]), the postnatal survival of these 34 patients was significantly lower at 10 years (log rank:p = 0.04), but the statistical significance disappeared at 20 years (log rank: p = 0.18). Among 31 patients whounderwent SPS, 11 (35%) had extracardiac total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC). The survivalrate after SPS was 80% at 10 years. Cox regression analysis showed that extracardiac TAPVC (hazard ratio6.44, 95% confidence interval 1.23–33.7, p = 0.03) and pulmonary venous obstruction (PVO) at TAPVC repair(hazard ratio 11.2, 95% confidence interval 2.13–58.5, p = 0.004) were significantly associated with death. In25 patients who underwent bidirectional cavopulmonary shunt (BCPS), surgical interventions on the pulmonaryartery (PA) were performed after SPS in 7 of 9 patients with PA coarctation, 3 of 4 with non-confluent PAs, and4 of 12 with normal PAs. At SPS, primary central PA plasty was performed in three patients with PA coarctationand 2 with non-confluent PAs. There was no significant difference in the PA index before BCPS between patientswith and without primary central PA plasty (p = 0.49). Among 20 patients who underwent total cavopulmonaryconnection (TCPC), adverse events occurred in 7 (35%) patients, including death in 1 (5%), intervention for pulmonaryarteriovenous malformation (PAVM) in 3 (15%), and surgical intervention for PVO in 3 (15%). TheB-type natriuretic peptide concentration was significant

关键词： Heterotaxy syndrome single ventricle total anomalous of pulmonary venous connection pulmonary artery coarctation

Hydrodynamic performance of spouted beds with different types of draft tubes

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Particuology 2013年第5期11卷 475-482页

作者： hiroshi Nagashima Kazumi Suzukawa Toshifumi Ishikura Department of Chemical Engineering Fukuoka University19-1Nanakuma 8-chomeJonan-kuFukuoka 814-0180Japan

Hydrodynamic performance of spouted beds with four different types of draft tubes has been investigated experimentally. In this work, irregular and angular particles were used as the spouting solids and the results were compared with those of the previous work in which regular and round particles had been used. It was found that the conical-cylindrical porous draft tube was the best option for solid-gas contact and solids circulation as in the case of round particles. Moreover, by using conical-cylindrical porous draft tube, the gas flow rate through the annulus reached 65-70%, equal to the level of a conventional spouted bed.

关键词： Spouted bedConical-cylindrical porous draft tubeAngular sandGas-solid contactSolids circulation rate

One-Dimensional Analysis of Supersonic Two-Stage HVOF Process

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Journal of Thermal Science 2009年第4期18卷 332-337页

作者： hiroshi KATANODA Junichi HAGI Minoru FUKUHARA Dept.Mechanical Engineering Kagoshima University

The one-dimensional calculation of the gas/particle flows of a supersonic two-stage high-velocity oxy-fuel(HVOF) thermal spray process was performed. The internal gas flow was solved by numerically integrating theequations of the quasi-one-dimensional flow including the effects of pipe friction and heat transfer. As for the supersonicjet flow, semi-empirical equations were used to obtain the gas velocity and temperature along the centerline. The velocity and temperature of the particle were obtained by an one-way coupling method. The material ofthe spray particle selected in this study is ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE). The temperaturedistributions in the spherical UHMWPE particles of 50 and 150 m accelerated and heated by the supersonic gasflow was clarified.

关键词： Compressible Flow Supersonic Flow Two-Stage HVOF Thermal Spray One-Dimensional Analysis UHMWPE

Experimental Study on Shock Wave Structures in Constant-area Passage of Cold Spray Nozzle

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Journal of Thermal Science 2007年第1期16卷 40-45页

作者： hiroshi KATANODA Takeshi MATSUOKA Kazuyasu MATSUO Dept.Mechanical Engineering Kagoshima University1-21-40 KorimotoKagoshima890-0065 Japan Takagi Precision Dies Co. Ltd.2-4-1 Ishida-MinamiMinami-kuKitakyushuFukuoka802-0836 Japan Dept.Mechanical Systems and Environmental Engineering The University of Kitakyushu1-1 HibikinoWakamatsukuKitakyushuFukuoka808-0135 Japan

Cold spray is a technique to make a coating on a wide variety of mechanical or electric parts by spraying solid particles accelerated through a high-speed gas flow in a converging-diverging nozzle. In this study, pseudo-shock waves in a modeled cold spray nozzle as well as high-speed gas jets are visualized by schlieren technique. The schlieren photographs reveals the supersonic flow with shock train in the nozzle. Static pressure along the barrel wall is also measured. The location of the head of pseudo-shock wave and its pressure distribution along the nozzle wall are analytically explained by using a formula of pseudo-shock wave. The analytical results show that the supersonic flow accompanying shock wave in the nozzle should be treated as pseudo-shock wave instead of normal shock wave.

关键词： Supersonic Flow Pseudo-Shock Wave Jet Flow Cold Spray