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Eye Movements Provide Inhibitory Inputs to the Occipito-Temporal Region

Open Journal of Medical Imaging 2012年第3期2卷 85-89页

作者： Yul-Wan Sung hiroshi tsubokawa Young-Bo Kim Seiji Ogawa Graduate School of Human Relations Keio University Incheon Korea Kansei Fukushi Research Institute Tohoku Fukushi University Sendai Japan

Eye movements play an important role in attention and visual processing. However, the manner in which eye move-ments are involved in object processing is not clear. The aim of this study is to examine the effects of eye movements on object-processing areas in the occipito-temporal region. Eye movements are always accompanied by visual perception;therefore, the effects of eye movements on object-processing areas in which visual object information is sent via eye movements instead of via retinal inputs of visual images must be measured. For this purpose, response to an eye- drawing stimulation in subjects who drew pictures of faces or buildings by their moving eyes under closed-eye condi-tions was measured by functional magnetic resonance imaging. Functional areas in the occipito-temporal region showed negative responses to the eye-drawing stimulation, and the pattern of negative activation maps in the region was almost the same as that of positive activation maps observed after visual image stimulation. Responses in cate-gory-selective area showed category dependency to the eye-drawing stimulation. This suggests that eye movements provide inhibitory inputs to the object-processing areas in the occipito-temporal region, and these inputs may modulate visual inputs to these areas coming through the retina in the visual perception process.

关键词： Eye Movements Visual Object Processing Occipito-Temporal Region Inhibitory Functional MRI (fMRI)

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Surface Grafting of Polymers onto Nano-Sized Particles in Solvent-Free Dry-System and in Ionic Liquid

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复旦学报（自然科学版） 2005年第5期44卷 835-836页

作者： Norio tsubokawa Department of Material Science and Technology Niigata University Center for Transdisciplinary Research Niigata University 8050Ikarashi 2-nocho Niigata 950-2181 Japan

We have reported the grafting of various polymers onto the surface of inorganic nano-sized particles, such as silica, titanium oxide, and carbon black[1]. The polymer-grafted nano-sized particles are known to have excellent properties, such as a good dispersibility in solvents and polymer matrices[1,2]. However, scale-up production of polymer-grafted nano-sized particles was hardly achieved, because complicated procedures, such as centrifugation, filtration, and solvent extraction, are needed for the production of polymer-grafted nano-sized particles, and a lot of abolishing solvent comes out.

关键词：聚合体表面移植粒子纳米尺寸干燥系统

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Quantitative regulation of peripheral leukocyte by light exercise and tailored scale for assessment

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Open Journal of Immunology 2013年第4期3卷 175-183页

作者： Nobuo Yamaguchi Rui Chen Kazuhiro Okamoto Takafumi Takei Misao tsubokawa Daisuke Sakamoto Xiufeng Jia Wenhan Wan Tsugiya Murayama Deaprtment of Microbiology and Immunology Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Hokuriku University Kanazawa Japan Department of Heart Surgery Kanazawa Medical University Himi Municipal Hospital Himi City Japan Department of Rehabilitation Kanazawa Medical University Uchinada-machi Japan Ishikawa Medicinal Products Research Center Kanazawa Japan Union Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China

Two primary defense systems develop in vertebrates, innate and adaptive. However, every individual exposes to the risk of immunodeficiency in daily life with both internal and external stimuli. In this report, we tried to report two different stimuli for regulating the immune system modulate and discussed how we can compare and select each menu by evidence-based manner more than VAS. In a series of investigation, we have assessed the various leukocyte regulating menus such as hot spring hydrotherapy, acupuncture & moxibution, light walking, independent of the western medicine. In this report, we try to compare the regulatory effect of light exercise under the influence of hypothalamus system. Their effects of elements were evaluated by the total number of peripheral leukocyte, its subsets, granulocyte and lymphocyte ratio. The regulative effects were confirmed also by other menu such as hydrotherapy, acupuncture, walking etc. However, by simply comparing the group before with the group after CAM, we cannot catch the real regulatory effect by each menu. So we tried to show the effect by trying to indicate the constitution/condition dependent manner. The effect was not uniform to each individual but it was dependent on each condition/constitution before the start of the exercise. This was one of the main purposes of this report for summarizing that it is important to regulate the number and levels of each factor as ideal value. In other words, the regulation of each factor affected under the hypothalamus system is regulated with each constitution, under the influence of daily circumstances. The mode of regulation was the same in each menu, indicating the higher level was down regular and lower level was up regular. Moreover, each vector of change was reversely correlated to the value of the day before. The other purpose of this study was designed to establish the regulatory effect of this light exercise which is not limited in the number of leukocyte in peripheral. Li

关键词： Light Exercise Walking Peripheral Leukocyte Leukocyte Subsets Ratio Metabolic Rate

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Hot Spring Hydro Therapy Regulates Peripheral Leukocyte Together with Emotional Hormone and Receptor Positive Lymphocytes According to Each Constitution/Condition

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Open Journal of Rheumatology and Autoimmune Diseases 2013年第3期3卷 140-153页

作者： Yoshihiko Kitada Kazuhiro Okamoto Takafumi Takei Xiufeng Jia Rui Chen Nobuo Yamaguchi Misao tsubokawa Wen Hsin Wu Tsugiya Murayama Kenji Kawakita Deaprtment of Microbiology and Immunology Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Hokuriku University Kanazawa Japan Deaprtment of Physiology Meiji University of Integrative Medicine Kyoto Japan. Department of Rehabilitation Kanazawa Medical University Uchinada-machi Japan Ishikawa Medicinal Products Research Center Kanazawa Japan Medical School College of Medicine Taipei Medical University Taiwan Union Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China

Two primary defense systems develop in vertebrates, innate and adaptive. Despite those defense systems, the overwhelming problems of possessing this dual system, the innate or adoptive do not seem to guard or even prevent the development of one internal threat to survival, moreover sometimes direct to autoimmunity accompanying hypersensitivity. Further, every individual exposes to the risk of immunodeficiency in daily life with both internal and external stimuli. In this report, we tried to report the suitable menu for regulating the immune system modulate and discuss how we can compare and select each menu by evidence-based manner more than VAS. In a series of investigation, we have assessed the various health promoting menus such as hot spring hydrotherapy, acupuncture & moxibustion, light walking, independent to the western medicine. In this report, we try to summarize the regulatory effect of hot spring hydrotherapy as our representative menu under the influence of hypothalamus system. Their effects of elements were evaluated by the total number of peripheral leukocyte, its subsets, granulocyte and lymphocyte ratio, emotional hormones, receptor positive lymphoid cells. The regulative effects were confirmed also by other menu than hydrotherapy, acupuncture, walking etc. However, just by the simple comparison between the group before and after the hydrotherapy, we cannot exhibit the real regulatory effect by each menu. So we tried to show the effect by trying to indicate the constitution/condition dependent manner. Because the effect was not uniformly to each individual but it was dependent on each condition/constitution before the start of the menu. This is the one of the main proposes of this report for summaries that it is important to regulate the number and levels of each factor as ideal value. In other words, the regulation of each factor affected under the hypothalamus system is regulated with each constitution, under the influence of daily circumstances. T

关键词： Hot Spring Hydrotherapy Peripheral Leukocyte Leukocyte Subsets Ratio Adrenaline Dopamine β2-Adrenergic Receptor Flow-Cytometry Constitution CAM Therapeutic Menu

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小位移量的动态双频干涉测量

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应用光学 1989年第3期10卷 54-58页

作者： Y. Ohtsuka M. tsubokawa 吴明强

从实用观点检验了小位移量的双频率干涉测量。用声光布莱恪盒进行正弦强度调制的激光束,产生动态干涉的信号和参考光波。接收干涉的光电探测器的输出信号,由光零差和外差分量组成。外差分量携带振动性位移以探测其振幅。正弦振幅可测到0... 详细信息

从实用观点检验了小位移量的双频率干涉测量。用声光布莱恪盒进行正弦强度调制的激光束,产生动态干涉的信号和参考光波。接收干涉的光电探测器的输出信号,由光零差和外差分量组成。外差分量携带振动性位移以探测其振幅。正弦振幅可测到0.5nm。

关键词：位移测量干涉测量强度调制输出信号声光调制器激光束光电探测器参考光光探测器迈克尔逊干涉仪

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日本地震保险体系

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世界地震译丛 2017年第6期48卷 562-566页

作者： H.tsubokawa 李怡青(译) 伍国春(校) 不详中国地震局地球物理勘探中心中国地震局地球物理研究所

讨论了日本住宅地震保险体系的发展现状和未来展望。该体系制度于1966年实施,历经40余年的发展,多次大地震后的理赔经验使其得到完善和改进:如1995年兵库县南部地震后引入的基于建筑抗震能力的保险费率优惠条款,这是该体系的最大改变。... 详细信息

讨论了日本住宅地震保险体系的发展现状和未来展望。该体系制度于1966年实施,历经40余年的发展,多次大地震后的理赔经验使其得到完善和改进:如1995年兵库县南部地震后引入的基于建筑抗震能力的保险费率优惠条款,这是该体系的最大改变。本研究也致力于建立起一种可有效判断的科学方法,即基于风险评估的计算保险费率的方法。在未来可能发生的地震中,地震保险将在减少社会危害和经济损失方面发挥更大的作用。

关键词：地震保险风险保费再保险

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