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Two components of delayed rectifier K~+ current in heart: molecular basis, functional diversity,and contribution to repolarization

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Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2004年第2期25卷 11-19页

作者： tsuo kodama Department of Circulation Japan Nagoya 464-8601 Nagoya University Research Institute of Environmental Medicine

Delayed rectifier K+ current (IK) is the major outward current responsible for ventricular repolarization. Two components of IK (IKr and IKs) have been identified in many mammalian species including humans. IKr plays a pivotal role in normal ventricular repolarization. A prolongation of action potential duration (APD) under a variety of conditions would favor the activation of IKs so that to prevent excessive repolarization delay causing early afterdepolarization. The pore-forming α subunits of IKr and IKs are composed of HERG (KCNH2) and KvLQT1 (KCNQ1), respectively. KvLQT1 is associated with a function-altering β subunit, minK to form IKs. HERG may be associated with minK (KCNE1) and/or minK-related protein (MiRP1) to form IKr, but the issue remains to be established. IKs is enhanced, whereas IKr is usually attenuated by β-adrenergic stimulation via cyclic adenosine 3’,5’- monophosphate (cAMP)/protein kinase A-dependent pathways. There exist regional differences in the density of IKr and IKs transmurally (endo-epicardial) and along the apico-basal axis, contributing to the spatial heterogeneity of ventricular repolarization. A decrease of IKr or IKs by mutations in either HERG, KvLQT1, or KCNE family results in inherited long QT syndrome (LQTS) with high risk for Torsades de pointes (TdP)-type polymorphic ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation. As to the pharmacological treatment and prevention of ventricular tachyarrhythmias, selectively block of IKs is expected to be more beneficial than selectively block of IKr in terms of homogeneous prolongation of refractoriness at high heart rates especially in diseased hearts including myocardial ischemia.

关键词： potassium channels long QT syndrome beta-adrenergic receptors action potentials anti-arrhythmia agents

Effect of Doped Alkali Metal Ions on the SO_(2) Capture Performance of MnO_(2) Desulfurization Materials at Low Temperature

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2021年第9期9卷 1541-1553页

作者： Xing Li Yugo Osaka Hongyu Huang Takuya Tsujiguchi Akio kodama Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion Chinese Academy of ScienceGuangzhou510640China School of Mechanical Engineering College of Science and EngineeringKanazawa UniversityKanazawa9201192Japan School of Mechanical and Power Engineering Nanjing Tech UniversityNanjing211800China

Sulfur dioxide(SO_(2))emissions from diesel exhaust pose a serious threat to the environment and human ***,desulfurization technology and the performance of desulfurization materials must be *** this study,MnO_(2) was modified with various alkali metal ions using the impregnation method to enhance its SO_(2) capture *** composites were characterized intensively by scanning electron microscopy,energydispersive X-ray spectroscopy,X-ray diffraction spectroscopy,and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller *** SO_(2) capture performance of these composites were measured via thermogravimetry,and the effect of doping with alkali metal ions on the SO_(2) capture performance of MnO_(2) was *** showed that the SO_(2) capture performance of MnO_(2) could be enhanced by doping with alkali metal ions,and the MnO_(2) composite doped with LiOH(2.0 mol/L)had the best SO_(2) capture capacity(124 mgSO_(2)/gMaterial),which was 18%higher than that of pure MnO_(2).Moreover,the type and concentration of alkali metal ions had varying effects on the SO_(2) capture performance of MnO_(2).In our experiment,the SO_(2) capture performance of the MnO_(2) doped with NaOH,LiCl,Na2CO3,K2CO3,and Li2CO3 composites were worse than that of pure MnO_(2).Therefore,the influences of the type and concentration of alkali metal ions to be doped into desulfurization materials must be considered comprehensively.

关键词： Sulfur dioxide capture desulfurization materials manganese dioxide alkali metal ions doped

A new superoxide-generation inhibitor from rhizome of Anemone raddeana Regel

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2009年第6期20卷 694-697页

作者： Jin Cai Lu Bei Bei Xu Song Gao Hiroyuki kodama College of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shenyang Pharmaceutical University No. 103 Wenhua Road Shenyang 110016 China Southwest Natural Product Center Department of Arid Land Studied University of Arizona 250 E. Valencia Road Tucson AZ 85710 USA Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine Kochi University Kohasu Oko-chi Nankokushi Kochi 783-8505 Japan

A new triterpenoid saponins, raddeanoside R19 （1） was isolated from the rhizome of Anemone raddeana Regel. The effects of raddeanoside R119 on superoxide generation in human neutrophil were evaluated. The compound suppressed the superoxide generation induced by N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine （fMLP）, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate （PMA） and arachidonic acid （AA） in a different concentration-dependent manner.

关键词： Anemone raddeana Regel Raddeanoside R19 Superoxide generation-inhibitor

Effects of a 24-week course of interferon-αtherapy after curative treatment of hepatitis C virus-associated hepatocellular carcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第40期13卷 5343-5350页

作者： Soo Cheol Jeong hiroshi Aikata Yoshio Katamura Takahiro Azakami Tomokazu Kawaoka Hiromi Saneto Kiminori Uka Nami Mori Shintaro Takaki Hideaki kodama Koji Waki Michio Imamura Hiroo Shirakawa Yoshiiku Kawakami Shoichi Takahashi Kazuaki Chayama Department of Medicine and Molecular Science Division of Frontier Medical SciencePrograms for Biomedical ResearchGraduate School of Biomedical SciencesHiroshima UniversityHiroshima 734-8551Japan

AIM： To assess whether a 24-wk course of interferon （IFN） could prevent hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC） recurrence and worsening of liver function in patients with hepatitis C virus （HCV）-infected patients after receiving curative treatment for primary HCC.METHODS： Outcomes in 42 patients with HCV infection treated with IFN-α, after curative treatment for primary HCC （IFN group）, were compared with 42 matched curatively treated historical controls not given IFN （non- IFN group）.RESULTS： Although the rate of initial recurrence did not differ significantly between ]FN group and non-IFN group （0%, 44%, 61~, and 67% ys 4.8%, 53~, 81%, and 87% at 1, 3, 5, and 7 years, P = 0.153, respectively）, ]FN group showed a lower rate than the non-IFN group for second recurrence （0%, 10.4%, 28%, and 350/0 ys 0%, 30~ , 59%, and 66% at 1, 3, 5 and 7 years, P = 0.022, respectively）. Among the ]FN group, patients with sustained virologic response （SVR） were less likely to have a second HCC recurrence than ]FN patients without an SVR, or non-IFN patients. Multivariate analysis identified the lack of SVR as the only independent risk factor for a second recurrence, while SVR and Child-Pugh class A independently favored overall survival.CONCLUSION： Most intrahepatic recurrences of HCV-related HCC occurred during persistent viral infection. Eradication of HCV is essential for the prevention of HCC recurrence and improvement of survival.

关键词： Hepatitis C virus Hepatocellular carcinoma Recurrence Survival Sustained virological response

Low-dose intermittent interferon-alpha therapy for HCV-related liver cirrhosis after curative treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第39期13卷 5188-5195页

作者： Soocheol Jeong hiroshi Aikata Yoshio Katamura Takahiro Azakami Tomokazu Kawaoka Hiromi Saneto Kiminori Uka Nami Mori Shintaro Takaki Hideaki kodama Koji Waki Michio Imamura Hiroo Shirakawa Yoshiiku Kawakami Shoichi Takahashi Kazuaki Chayama Department of Medicine and Molecular Science Division of Frontier Medical Science Programs for Biomedical Research Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Hiroshima University Hiroshima 734-8551 Japan

AIM: To assess the efficacy of low-dose intermittent interferon (IFN) therapy in patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV)-related compensated cirrhosis who had received curative treatment for primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS: We performed a prospective case controlled study. Sixteen patients received 3 MIU of natural IFN- alpha intramuscularly 3 times weekly for at least 48 wk (IFN group). They were compared with 16 matched historical controls (non-IFN group). RESULTS: The cumulative rate of first recurrence of HCC was not significantly different between the IFN group and the non-IFN group (0% vs 6.7% and 68.6% vs 80% at 1- and 3-year, P = 0.157, respectively). The cumulative rate of second recurrence was not also significantly different between the IFN group and the non-IFN group (0% vs 6.7% and 35.9% vs 67% at 1- and 3-year, P = 0.056, respectively). Although the difference in the Child-Pugh classification score between the groups at initial treatment of HCC was not signifi cant, the score was signifi cantly worse at the time of data analysis in the non-IFN group than IFN group (7.19 ± 1.42 vs 5.81 ± 0.75, P = 0.0008). The cumulative rate of deviation from objects of any treatment for recurrentHCC was also higher in the non-IFN group than IFN group (6.7% and 27% vs 0 and 0% at 1- and 3-year, P = 0.048, respectively). CONCLUSION: Low-dose intermittent IFN-alpha therapy for patients with HCV-related compensated cirrhosis after curative HCC treatment was effective by making patients tolerant to medical or surgical treatment for recurrent HCC in the later period of observation.

关键词： Hepatitis C virus Hepatocellular carcinoma Interferon therapy Liver cirrhosis Liver function Recurrence Survival

Microscopic evidence for the intra-unit-cell electronic nematicity inside the pseudogap phase in YBa_(2)Cu_(4)O_(8)

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2021年第3期64卷 99-104页

作者： Wen Wang Jun Luo ChunGuang Wang Jie Yang Yasuharu kodama Rui Zhou Guo-Qing Zheng Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter PhysicsBeijing 100190China School of Physical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology(AlST) Tsukuba 305-8568Japan Songs han Lake Materials Laboratory Dongguan 523808China Department of Physics Okayama UniversityOkayama 700-8530Japan

Understanding the nature of the mysterious pseudogap phenomenon is one of the most important issues associated with cuprate high-T_(c) ***,we report 17O nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR) studies on two planar oxygen sites in stoichio?metric cuprate YBa_(2)Cu_(4)O_(8) to investigate the symmetry breaking inside the pseudogap *** observe that the Knight shifts of the two oxygen sites are identical at high temperatures but different below T_(nem) ~185 K,which is close to the pseudogap temperature T^(*).Our result provides a microscopic evidence for intra-unit-cell electronic *** difference in quadrupole resonance frequency between the two oxygen sites is unchanged below T_(nem),which suggests that the observed nematicity does not directly stem from the local charge density ***,a short-range charge density wave(CDW) order is observed below T=150 *** additional broadening in the 17O-NMR spectra because of this CDW order is determined to be inequivalent for the two oxygen sites,which is similar to that observed in case of *** results suggest a possible connection between nematicity,CDW order,and pseudogap.

关键词： high-temperature superconductors nuclear magnetic resonance nematic order pseudogap

Expression of mutant type-p53 products in H pylori-associated chronic gastritis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第10期13卷 1541-1546页

作者： Masaaki kodama Kazunari Murakami Tadayoshi Okimoto Ryugo Sato Koichiro Watanabe Toshio Fujioka Department of Gastroenterology Faculty of MedicineOita UniversityHasama-machiOita879-5593Japan

AIM： To investigate the mutation of p53 immunohistochemically in non-tumorous gastric mucosa with H pylori infection before and aEer H pylori eradication therapy. METHODS： 53 subjects （36 male, 17 female, mean age ± SEM, 57.1 ± 12.1） undergoing endoscopic examination were included in this study. 42 of 53 patients were H pylori-positive, and 11 were H pylorinegative. All H pylori-positive patients had successful eradication therapy. Biopsy specimens were taken from five points of the stomach, as recommended by the updated Sydney system. Immunohistochemical studies were performed by using primary antibodies against p53 （DO-7 and PAb240）. RESULTS： p53 （DO-7 and PAb240） immunoreactivity was shown in the neck region of the gastric pits, however, quite a few cells were found to be immunopositive for p53 （PAb240）in the Hpylori-infected gastric mucosa. The proportion of patients immunopositive for p53 （PAb240） was significantly reduced 6 mo after eradication [28/42 （66.7%） to 6/42 （14.3%）] （P 〈 0.05）, while the biopsies taken from H pylori-negative patients showed no immunoreactivity for p53 （PAb240）. p53 （PAb240）-positive patients were divided into two groups by the number of positive cells detected： one with more than six positive cells per 10 gastric pits （group A, n = 12）, and the other with less than five positive cells per 10 gastric pits （group B, n = 30）. Atrophy scores in group A were significant higher than those in group B at the greater curvature of the antrum （group A： 2.00 ± 0.14 vs group B： 1.40 ± 0.15, P = 0.012）, the lesser curvature of the corpus （group A： 2.00 ± 0.21 vs group B： 1.07 ± 0.23, P = 0.017）, and the greater curvature of the corpus （group A： 1.20 ± 0.30 vs group B： 0.47 ±0.21, P = 0.031）. Group A showed significant higher intestinal metaplasia scores than group B only at the lesser curvature of the antrum （group A： 2.10 ± 0.41 vs group B： 1.12 ± 0.29, P = 0.035）. CONCLUSION： H pylori-associated chronic gastritis expressed the mutant-type p53, w

关键词： H pylori H pylori eradication Atrophic gastritis Mutant-type p53 Gastric cancer Updated Sydney system

Production analysis of functionally distributed machines for underground mining

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2016年第3期26卷 477-485页

作者： Fukui Rui Kusaka Kouhei Nakao Masayuki kodama Yuichi Uetake Masaaki Kawai Kazunari Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Tokyo Komatsu Ltd.

Recent years, underground mining method is becoming popular because of its potentially high productivity and efficiency. In this method, a mining machinery; load haul dump(LHD), is used as both an excavator and a transporter of ore. This paper proposes a distributed system that realizes the excavation and transport functions with separated vehicles, an excavator and a transporter. In addition, this research proposes a mining map and configurations suitable for the proposed distributed system. To evaluate the productivity of the proposed system, a simulation environment has been developed. Analysis using the simulator reveals what performance factors of the excavator and the transporter have large impacts on the productivity. Simulation results also demonstrate the difference of potential between LHD system and the distributed system that can be explained based on their functions allocation.

关键词： Underground mining Mining machinery Autonomous system design Distributed system System configuration

Development of Mental Health Literacy Scale for Depression Affecting the Help-Seeking Process in Health Professional Students

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International Journal of Mental Health Promotion 2021年第3期23卷 331-352页

作者： Soshi kodama Koichi Shido Nozomu Ikeda School of Rehabilitation Sciences Health Sciences University of HokkaidoHokkaido061-0293Japan School of Nursing and Social Services Health Sciences University of HokkaidoHokkaido061-0293Japan School of Health Sciences Sapporo Medical UniversityHokkaido060-8556Japan

Despite depression being a global mental health disorder,many people with depression do not seek psychiatric *** particular,it has been reported that only 15.7%of medical students seek treatment.A longer duration of untreated illness(DUI)leads to clinically poor *** shorten the DUI,the mental health literacy(MHL)with regard to depression needs to be improved,although it is unclear which MHL components will improve the help-seeking ***,the existing MHL scale for depression is poorly validated for structural ***,the purpose of this study was to develop an MHL scale for depression with verified reliability and validity(particularly structural validity)and verify its relationship with the help-seeking *** this purpose,we adapted the mixed research ***,we conducted a systematic literature review on MHL scales for depression to prepare a draft scale with content ***,we conducted semi-structured interviews on MHL with outpatients with ***,78 questions on MHL for depression were ***,to develop our scale,we verified the reliability and validity of these questions with 782 health professional *** sample size was 780 and data collection was performed by collective survey *** was conducted in 2018 in *** verify the factor structure,exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were *** also examined the internal consistency,test-retest reliability,and criterion-related *** exploratory factor analysis revealed a three-factor structure(recognition of depression symptoms,helpseeking preferences,and depression onset possibility)with 10 *** to the confirmatory factor analysis results,the goodness of fit indicators had a good *** internal consistency,test-retest reliability,and criterion-related validity had good ***,the relationship between the MHL of depression and other factors affecting the help-seeking process was

关键词： Depression health literacy psychometrics secondary prevention