检索结果-南通市图书馆

Backcalculation of the disease-age specific frequency of secondary transmission of primary pneumonic plague

在线全文

同方期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2008年第3期1卷 25-29页

作者： hiroshi Nishiura Theoretical Epidemiology University of UtrechtYalelaan 73584 CLUtrechtThe Netherlands

The purpose of the paper was to assess the frequency of secondary transmissions of primary pneumonic plague relative to the onset of fever.A simple backcalculation method was employed to estimate the frequency of secondary transmissions relative to disease-age.A likelihood-based procedure was taken using observed distributions of the serial interval(n = 177) and incubation period(n = 126).Furthermore,an extended model was developed to account for the survival probability of *** simple backcalculation suggested that 31. 0%(95%confidence intervals(CI):11.6,50.4) and 28.0%(95%CI:10.2,45.8) of the total number of secondary transmissions had occurred at second and third days of the disease,respectively,and more than four-fifths of the secondary transmission occurred before the end of third day of *** survivorship-adjusted frequency of secondary transmissions was obtained,demonstrating that the infectiousness in later stages of illness was not insignificant and indicates that the obtained frequencies were likely biased on underlying factors including isolation *** conclusion,the simple exercise suggests a need to implement countermeasures during pre-clinical stage or immediately after *** information is needed to elucidate the finer details of the disease-age specific infectiousness.

关键词： pneumonic plague yersinia pestis epidemiology estimation techniques

Rule induction based on rough sets from information tables having continuous domains

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology 2019年第4期4卷 237-244页

作者： Michinori Nakata hiroshi Sakai Keitarou Hara Faculty of Management and Information Science Josai International UniversityGumyoToganeChiba 283-0002Japan Graduate School of Engineering Kyushu Institute of TechnologySensui 1-1TobataKitakyushu 804-8550Japan Department of Informatics Tokyo University of Information Sciences4-1 OnaridaiWakaba-kuChiba 265-8501Japan

Information tables having continuous domains are handled by neighborhood rough *** approximations in complete information tables are extended to handle incomplete ***,four approximations are obtained:certain and possible lower ones and certain and possible upper ones without computational *** extended approximations create the same results as the ones from possible world semantics by using possible indiscernibility ***,the extension is *** complete information tables two types of single rules that an object supports are obtained:consistent and inconsistent *** single rule has low *** increase applicability,a series of single rules are brought into one combined rule with an interval *** incomplete information tables four kinds of single rules are *** them,four kinds of combined rules are obtained:certain and consistent,possible and consistent,certain and inconsistent,and possible inconsistent ones.A combined rule has higher applicability than the single rules from which it is assembled.

关键词： value. inconsistent incomplete

Role of chronic hypoxia and hypoxia inducible factor in kidney disease

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Chinese Medical Journal 2008年第3期121卷 257-264页

作者： Masaomi Nangaku hiroshi Nishi Toshio Miyata Division of Nephrology and Endocrinology University of TokyoSchool of Medicine Tokyo 113-8655 Japan Institute of Medical Sciences Divisions of NephrologyHypertension and Metabolism and of Neurology Tokal UniversitySchool of Medicine Kanagawa Japan

Cells are endowed with a defensive mechanism against hypoxia, namely hypoxia-inducible factor （HIF） andhypoxia-responsive element （HRE）. Under hypoxic conditions, activation of HIF leads to expression of a variety of adaptive genes with HRE in a coordinated manner. The amount of HIF is regulated principally by the rate of degradation through post-translational modification by prolyl hydroxylases. Experimental studies utilizing HIF stimulating agents have been effective in a variety of kidney disease models, demonstrating that the HIF-HRE pathway is a promising target of future therapeutic approaches.

关键词： chronic kidney disease hypoxia inducible factor prolyl hydroxylases ischemia angiotensin

Toward a Platinum Society:Challenges for Engineering Science

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Engineering 2015年第1期1卷 18-20页

作者： hiroshi Komiyama the Engineering Academy of Japan

The 21st century will be a turning point in the history of ***,it is my strong belief that engineering science will also be compelled to undergo a major historical ***,humankind is at a pivotal period of historic importance,similar to the time of the Industrial *** is especially true for people living in developed countries who enjoy

关键词：工程科学社会白金人类历史生活品质工业革命国家发展

FIB Secondary Etching Method for Fabrication of Fine CNT Forest Metamaterials

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Nano-Micro Letters 2017年第4期9卷 73-80页

作者： Adam Pander Akimitsu Hatta hiroshi Furuta Department of Electronic and Photonic Systems Engineering Kochi University of TechnologyTosayamadaKamiKochi 782-8502Japan Center for Nanotechnology Research InstituteKochi University of TechnologyTosayamadaKamiKochi 782-8502Japan

Anisotropic materials, like carbon nanotubes(CNTs), are the perfect substitutes to overcome the limitations of conventional metamaterials; however, the successful fabrication of CNT forest metamaterial structures is still very challenging. In this study, a new method utilizing a focused ion beam(FIB) with additional secondary etching is presented, which can obtain uniform and fine patterning of CNT forest nanostructures for metamaterials and ranging in sizes from hundreds of nanometers to several micrometers. The influence of the FIB processing parameters on the morphology of the catalyst surface and the growth of the CNT forest was investigated, including the removal of redeposited material,decreasing the average surface roughness(from 0.45 to 0.15 nm), and a decrease in the thickness of the Fe *** results showed that the combination of FIB patterning and secondary etching enabled the growth of highly aligned, highdensity CNT forest metamaterials. The improvement in the quality of single-walled CNTs(SWNTs), defined by the very high G/D peak ratio intensity of 10.47, demonstrated successful fine patterning of CNT forest for the first time. With a FIB patterning depth of 10 nm and a secondary etching of 0.5 nm, a minimum size of 150 nm of CNT forest metamaterials was achieved. The development of the FIB secondary etching method enabled for the first time, the fabrication of SWNT forest metamaterials for the optical and infrared regime, for future applications, e.g., in superlenses, antennas,or thermal metamaterials.

关键词： Carbon nanotubes Metamaterial FIB patterning Secondary etching method Chemical vapor deposition

Epidemiologic analysis of a previous outbreak of bubonic plague:The first identified outbreak with bacteriological confirmation in Kobe and Osaka,Japan

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2009年第1期2卷 42-44页

作者： hiroshi Nishiura Theoretical Epidemiology University of UtrechtYalelaan 73584 CLUtrechtThe Netherlands

Objective:To characterize the case fatality and estimate the symptomatic period of bubonic ***: Epidemiologic analyses of a previous outbreak of plague in Osaka and Kobe,two major port cities in Japan, from 1899-1900 were *** addition to date of onset of symptoms,gender,age and the date of death were extracted from the historical *** time from onset to death(symptomatic period) was fitted to gamma distribution using the maximum likelihood ***:Temporal distribution revealed suspected chains of transmission of the primary pneumonic plague at the late stage of the *** case fatality of bubonic plague without specific treatment was 83.4%,and the mean time from onset to death was estimated as 4.7 days(95%confidence interval;4.0,5.5).Conclusion:Case fatality of bubonic plague without specific treatment was extremely *** symptomatic period of bubonic plague appeared to be longer than that of pneumonic plague.

关键词： Yersinia pestis Bubonic plague epidemiology statistical distribution confidence interval Japan

Problems associated with glucose toxicity:Role of hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第33期15卷 4137-4142页

作者： Shinji Kawahito hiroshi Kitahata Shuzo Oshita Department of Anesthesiology Tokushima University Medical and Dental Hospital

Glucose homeostasis deficiency leads to a chronic increase in blood glucose concentration. In contrast to physiological glucose concentration, chronic superphysiological glucose concentration negatively affects a large number of organs and tissues. Glucose toxicity means a decrease in insulin secretion and an increase in insulin resistance due to chronic hyperglycemia. It is now generally accepted that glucose toxicity is involved in the worsening of diabetes by affecting the secretion of β-cells. Several mechanisms have been proposed to explain the adverse effects of hyperglycemia. It was found that persistent hyperglycemia caused the functional decline of neutrophils. Infection is thus the main problem resulting from glucose toxicity in the acute phase. In other words, continued hyperglycemia is a life-threatening risk factor, not only in the chronic but also the acute phase, and it becomes a risk factor for infection, particularly in the perioperative period.

关键词：葡萄糖浓度高血糖毒性氧化应激诱导危险因素胰岛素抵抗胰岛素分泌

Protein-losing enteropathy caused by a jejunal ulcer after an internal hernia in Petersen's space: A case report

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第1期10卷 323-330页

作者： Tomohiko Yasuda Nobuyuki Sakurazawa Komei Kuge Jun Omori Hiroki Arai Daisuke Kakinuma Masanori Watanabe Hideyuki Suzuki Katsuhiko Iwakiri hiroshi Yoshida Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery Nippon Medical School Chiba Hokusoh HospitalChiba 270-1694Japan Department of Gastrointestinal and Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery Nippon Medical SchoolTokyo 113-8603Japan Department of Gastroenterology Nippon Medical SchoolTokyo 113-8603Japan

BACKGROUND The incidence of internal hernias has recently increased in concordance with the popularization of laparoscopic *** particular concern are internal hernias occurring in Petersen's space,a space that is surgically created after treatment for gastric cancer and *** hernias cause devastating sequelae,such as massive intestinal necrosis,fatal Roux limb necrosis,and superior mesenteric vein *** addition,protein-losing enteropathy(PLE)is a rare syndrome involving gastrointestinal protein loss,although its relationship with internal Petersen’s hernias remains *** SUMMARY A 75-year-old man with a history of laparotomy for early gastric cancer developed Petersen's hernia 1 year and 5 mo after *** was successfully treated by reducing the incarcerated small intestine and closure of Petersen’s defect without resection of the small *** 3 mo after his surgery for Petersen’s hernia,he developed bilateral leg edema and *** was diagnosed with PLE with an alpha-1 antitrypsin clearance of 733 mL/24 ***-balloon enteroscopy revealed extensive jejunal ulceration as the etiology,and it facilitated minimum bowel *** analysis showed extensive jejunal ulceration and collagen hyperplasia with nonspecific inflammation of all layers without lymphangiectasia,lymphoma,or vascular *** postoperative course was unremarkable,and his bilateral leg edema and hypoalbuminemia improved after 1 *** was no relapse over the 5-year follow-up *** PLE and extensive jejunal ulceration may occur after Petersen's *** enteroscopy helps identify and resect these lesions.

关键词： Internal hernia Ulcer Protein-losing enteropathy Double-balloon enteroscopy Ischemia-reperfusion injury Case report

ADCP application for long-term monitoring of coastal water

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2005年第1期24卷 95-100页

作者： YOSHIOKA hiroshi TAKAYAMA Tomotsuka SERIZAWA Shigeatsu Faculty of Information Science and Technology Aichi Prefectural University Aichi 480-1198 JapanDisaster Prevention Research Institute Kyoto-University Kyoto 611-0011 JapanDisaster Prevention Research Institute Kyoto-University Kyoto 611-0011 Japan

Three kind of application of ADCP is reported for long-term monitoring in coastal sea.(1)The routine monitoring of water qualities. The water quality and ADCP echo data (600 kHz) observed in the long-term are analgzed at MT (Marine Tower) Station of Kansai International Airport in the Osaka Bay, Japan. The correlation between the turbidity and echo intensity in the surface layer is not good because air bubbles generated by breaking wave are not detected by the turbidity meter, but detected well by ADCP. When estimating the turbidity consists of plankton population from echo intensity, the effect of bubbles have to be eliminated. (2) Monitoring stirring up of bottom sediment. The special observation was carried out by using following two ADCP in the Osaka Bay, One ADCP was installed upward on the sea. The other ADCP was hanged downward at the gate type stand about 3 m above from the bottom. At the spring tide, high echo intensities indicating the stirring up of bottom sediment were observed. (3) The monitoring for the boundary condition of water mixing at an estuary. In summer season, the ADCP was set at the mouth of Tanabe Bay in Wakayama Prefecture, Japan. During the observation, water temperature near the bottom showed remarkable falls with interval of about 5-7 d. When the bottom temperature fell, the inflow current with low echo intensity water appears at the bottom layer in the ADCP record. It is concluded that when occasional weak northeast wind makes weak coastal upwelling at the mouth of the bay, the combination of upwelling with internal tidal flow causes remarkable water exchange and dispels the red tide.

关键词： ADCP echo intensity monitoring coastal water red tide stirring up