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Chemoprevention of colorectal cancer by targeting obesity-related metabolic abnormalities

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第27期20卷 8939-8946页

作者： Yohei Shirakami Masahito Shimizu Masaya Kubota hiroshi araki Takuji Tanaka Hisataka Moriwaki Mitsuru Seishima Department of Informative Clinical Medicine Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine Department of Gastroenterology Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine Department of Tumor Pathology Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine

Obesity and its related metabolic disorders, including insulin resistance and chronic inflammation, increase the risk of colorectal cancer(CRC). This observation suggests that the metabolic abnormalities associated with obesity can be effective targets for preventing the development of CRC in obese individuals. In recent years, many studies using obese and diabetic animal models have been conducted to investigate the chemoprevention of CRC using pharmaceutical or nutritional interventions. Pitavastatin, a medicine used to treat hyperlipidemia, prevents the development of obesityrelated colorectal carcinogenesis by attenuating chronic inflammation. Anti-hypertensive medicines, such as captopril and telmisartan, also suppress the formation of colonic preneoplastic lesions in obese and diabetic mice. In addition, several phytochemicals, including green tea catechins, have been reported to improve metabolic disorders and prevent the development of various cancers, including CRC. Moreover, the administration of branched-chain amino acids, which improves protein malnutrition and prevents the progression of hepatic failure, is effective for suppressing obesityrelated colon carcinogenesis, which is thought to be associated with improvements in insulin resistance. In the present article, we summarize the detailed relationship between metabolic abnormalities and the development of CRC. This review also outlines recent evidence, in particular drawing from basic and clinical examinations using either pharmaceutical or nutritional intervention that suggests that targeting metabolic alterations may be an effective strategy for preventing the development of CRC in obese individuals.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Obesity Green tea catechin Branched-chain amino acid Chemoprevention

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Safety and efficacy of carbon dioxide insufflation during gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第26期21卷 8195-8202页

作者： Jun Takada hiroshi araki Fumito Onogi Takayuki Nakanishi Masaya Kubota Takashi Ibuka Masahito Shimizu Hisataka Moriwaki Department of Gastroenterology Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine

AIM: To compare the safety and efficacy of carbon dioxide(CO2) and air insufflation during gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD).METHODS: This study involved 116 patients who underwent gastric ESD between January and December *** eliminating 29 patients who fit the exclusion criteria,87 patients,without known pulmonary dysfunction,were randomized into the CO2 insufflation(n = 36) or air insufflation(n = 51) *** ESD was performed with a CO2 regulation unit(constant rate of 1.4 L/min) used for patients undergoing CO2 *** received diazepam for conscious sedation and pentazocine for *** CO2 tension(Ptc CO2) was recorded 15 min before,during,and after ESD with *** CO2,the correlation between Ptc CO2 and procedure time,and ESD-related complications were compared between the two *** blood gases were analyzed after ESD in the first 30 patients(12 with CO2 and 18 with air insufflation) to assess the correlation between arterial blood CO2 partial pressure(Pa CO2) and Ptc ***: There were no differences in respiratoryfunctions,median sedative doses,or median procedure times between the ***,there was no significant difference in post-ESD blood gas parameters,including Pa CO2,between the CO2 and air groups(44.6 mm Hg vs 45 mm Hg).Both groups demonstrated median p H values of 7.36,and none of the patients exhibited *** significant differences were observed between the CO2 and air groups with respect to baseline Ptc CO2(39 mm Hg vs 40 mm Hg),peak Ptc CO2 during ESD(52 mm Hg vs 51 mm Hg),or median Ptc CO2 after ESD(50 mm Hg vs 50 mm Hg).There was a strong correlation between Pa CO2 and Ptc CO2(r = 0.66; P < 0.001).The incidence of Mallory-Weiss tears was significantly lower with CO2 insufflation than with air insufflation(0% vs 15.6%,P = 0.013).CO2 insufflation did not cause any adverse events,such as CO2 narcosis or gas ***: CO2 insufflation durin

关键词： Carbon dioxide Gastric endoscopic submucosaldissection Insufflation Mallory-Weiss tear Randomizedcontrolled trial

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Inhibitory effects of carbon dioxide insufflation on pneumoperitoneum and bowel distension after percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第27期18卷 3565-3570页

作者： Shinji Nishiwaki hiroshi araki Motoshi Hayashi Jun Takada Masahide Iwashita Atsushi Tagami Hiroo Hatakeyama Takao Hayashi Teruo Maeda Koshiro Saito Department of Internal Medicine Nishimino Kosei HospitalGifu 503-1394Japan Department of Gastroenterology Graduate School of MedicineGifu UniversityGifu 501-1194Japan

AIM:To evaluate the inhibitory effects of carbon dioxide (CO2) insufflation on pneumoperitoneum and bowel distension after percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG).METHODS:A total of 73 consecutive patients who were undergoing PEG were enrolled in our *** eliminating 13 patients who fitted our exclusion criteria,60 patients were randomly assigned to either CO2 (30 patients) or air insufflation (30 patients) *** was performed by pull-through technique after threepoint fixation of the gastric wall to the abdominal wall using a gastropexy *** blood gas analysis was performed immediately before and after the *** X-ray was performed at 10 min and at 24 h after PEG to assess the extent of bowel *** computed tomography was performed at 24 h after the procedure to detect the presence of *** outcomes of PEG for 7 d postprocedure were also ***:Among 30 patients each for the air and the CO2 groups,PEG could not be conducted in 2 patients of the CO2 group,thus they were *** of the remaining 58 patients showed that the patients' backgrounds were not significantly different between the two *** elevation values of arterial partial pressure of CO2 in the air group and the CO2 group were 2.67 mmHg and 3.32 mmHg,respectively (P = 0.408).The evaluation of bowel distension on abdominal X ray revealed a significant decrease of small bowel distension in the CO2 group compared to the air group (P < 0.001) at 10 min and 24 h after PEG,whereas there was no significant difference in large bowel distension between the two *** was observed only in the air group but not in the CO2 group (P = 0.003).There were no obvious differences in the laboratory data and clinical outcomes after PEG between the two ***:There was no adverse event associated with CO2 ***2 insufflation is considered to be safer and more comfortable for PEG patients bec

关键词： Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy Car-bon dioxide insufflation Pneumoperitoneum Abdomi-nal distension Randomized control study

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Natural history of inferior mesenteric arteriovenous malformation that led to ischemic colitis: A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2021年第2期9卷 396-402页

作者： Yushi Kimura Takeshi Hara Ryotaro Nagao Takayuki Nakanishi Junji Kawaguchi Atsushi Tagami Tsuneko Ikeda hiroshi araki Hisashi Tsurumi Department of Gastroenterology Matsunami General HospitalHashima-gun 501-6062Japan Department of Hematology Matsunami General HospitalHashima-gun 501-6062Japan Department of Pathology Matsunami General HospitalHashima-gun 501-6062Japan

BACKGROUND Ischemic colitis with inferior mesenteric arteriovenous malformation(AVM)is a rare *** a few reports have been published,no report has described the natural history of idiopathic mesenteric *** SUMMARY A 50-year-old male was admitted to our hospital due to abdominal pain that had persisted for 3 mo and bloody *** had no history of trauma or abdominal *** had undergone two colonoscopies 6 mo and 2 years ago,and they showed only a *** was diagnosed with ischemic colitis with inferior mesenteric AVM following contrast-enhanced abdominal computed tomography(CT)and underwent rectal low anterior *** has not had a recurrence of symptoms for 3 *** history showed that he had undergone non-enhanced abdominal CT 2,5,and 8 years ago when he had attacks of urinary ***,dilation of blood vessels around the rectosigmoid colon could have been detected 5 years ago,and these findings gradually became more *** This is the first report of the natural history of inferior mesenteric AVM.

关键词： Inferior mesenteric arteriovenous malformation Ischemic colitis Natural history Case report Arteriovenous malformation

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Adiponectin deficiency enhances colorectal carcinogenesis and liver tumor formation induced by azoxymethane in mice

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第42期14卷 6473-6480页

作者： Tamao Nishihara Miyako Baba Morihiro Matsuda Masahiro Inoue Yasuko Nishizawa Atsunori Fukuhara hiroshi araki Shinji Kihara Tohru Funahashi Shinji Tamura Norio Hayashi Hiroyasu Iishi Iichiro Shimomura Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Graduate School of Medicine Osaka University 2-2 Yamada-oka Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan Department of Pathology Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute 1-3-2 Nakamichi Higashinari-ku Osaka 537-8511 Japan Department of Metabolic Medicine Graduate School of Medicine Osaka University 2-2 Yamada-oka Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan Department of Biochemistry Osaka MedicaCenter for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases ResearchInstitute 1-3-2 Nakamichi Higashinari-ku Osaka 537-8511Japan Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases 1-3-3 Nakamichi Higashinari-ku Osaka 537-8511 Japan

AIM:To investigate the causal relationship between hypoadiponectinemia and colorectal carcinogenesis in in vivo experimental model,and to determine the con-tribution of adiponectin defi ciency to colorectal cancer development and ***:We examined the influence of adiponectin defi ciency on colorectal carcinogenesis induced by the administration of azoxymethane(AOM)(7.5 mg/kg,in-traperitoneal injection once a week for 8 wk),by using adiponectin-knockout(KO) ***:At 53 wk after the fi rst AOM treatment,KOmice developed larger and histologically more progres-sive colorectal tumors with greater frequency com-pared with wild-type(WT) mice,although the tumor incidence was not different between WT and KO *** mice showed increased cell proliferation of colorec-tal tumor cells,which correlated with the expression levels of cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2) in the colorectal *** addition,KO mice showed higher incidence and frequency of liver tumors after AOM *** percent of WT mice developed liver tumors,and these WT mice had only a single *** contrast,50% of KO mice developed liver tumors,and 58% of these KO mice had multiple ***:Adiponectin deficiency enhances colorectal carcinogenesis and liver tumor formation induced by AOM in *** study strongly suggests that hypoadiponectinemia could be involved in the pathogenesis for colorectal cancer and liver tumor in human subjects.

关键词： Adiponectin Colorectal carcinogenesis Azoxymethane Cell proliferation Cyclooxygenase-2 Liver tumor formation

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Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia occurring early after living donor liver transplantation:a case report

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Emergency and Critical Care Medicine 2023年第4期3卷 198-202页

作者： Naoya Iwasaki Motohiro Sekino Takanobu Hara Akihiko Soyama Masaaki Hidaka Yusuke Kasai Miki Suzumura hiroshi araki Rintaro Yano Sojiro Matsumoto Taiga Ichinomiya Ushio Higashijima Susumu Eguchi Tetsuya Har Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical SciencesNagasakiJapan Department of Surgery Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical SciencesNagasakiJapan

Background:Thrombocytopenia commonly occurs early after liver ***,usually administered as anticoagulant ther-apy for thrombosis,a common complication after liver transplantation,may cause heparin-induced ***-induced thrombocytopenia is a rare but life-threatening complication,and its diagnosis after liver transplantation is *** presentation:We report a case of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia after living donor liver transplantation with a good out-come because of early diagnosis and discontinuation of *** liver transplantation,the platelet count usually reaches a nadir on postoperative days 3–5 and gradually *** contrast,heparin-induced thrombocytopenia typically occurs 5–10 days after heparin administration;therefore,if heparin is started intraoperatively,then thrombocytopenia will occur on postoperative days 5–***:Monitoring the trend and timing of thrombocytopenia and detailed examination for thrombosis may help confirm the diag-nosis of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia in the early stage after liver transplantation.

关键词： Case report Heparin Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia Liver transplantation Thrombocytopenia Thrombosis

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Endoscopic Examination for Patients with Diarrhea after Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation

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Open Journal of Internal Medicine 2017年第4期7卷 105-114页

作者： Junichi Kitagawa Takuro Matsumoto Yuhei Shibata Nobuhiko Nakamura hiroshi Nakamura Soranobu Ninomiya Yasuhito Nannya Masahito Shimizu Takeshi Hara hiroshi araki Hisashi Tsurumi Department of Hematology Graduate School of Medicine Gifu University Gifu Japan Department of Gastroenterology Graduate School of Medicine Gifu University Gifu Japan

Objective: Intestinal graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) represents one of the most serious complications of allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT). Endoscopic and histological proof is required due to the number of differential diagnoses manifesting as diarrhea. We investigated the safety of endoscopic biopsies, and the role of conducting biopsies and inspections of the terminalileum. Patients: Thirty two colonoscopic examinations and 29 biopsies were performed for 19 patients after allo-SCT in our institute between October 2011 and May 2015. Results: Endoscopic examinations and biopsies were performed safely under the policy of transfusing platelets for thrombocytopenia (3/μL). For biopsied cases, the diagnostic consistency rate with endoscopic findings was 60%, with a tendency toward negative correlations with early examinations after diarrhea onset (25% for 0 - 1 days;62.5% for later) or low-grade GVHD according to Freiburg criteria (41.2% for grade 1, 66.7% for grade 2, 100% for higher). The terminal ileum was inspected with colonoscopy in 13 cases. Endoscopic diagnoses of the ileum were provided in 11 cases and histological diagnoses in 9 cases. Diagnostic consistency for diagnosis of the terminal ileum between endoscopy and histology was 77.8%. Conclusion: Because endoscopic and histopathological findings do not always match, caution is required when focusing on endoscopic findings alone, as there is a risk of misdiagnosis. Extensive inspection of the terminal ileum with biopsy appears useful to identify otherwise undetected lesions. Our data thus support invasive endoscopic examinations for gastrointestinal complications, including ileac inspection and biopsies under appropriate management.

关键词： Intestinal GVHD Endoscopic Evaluation Ileoscopy Colonoscopy

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Development of a digital zenith telescope for advanced astrometry

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2012年第4期55卷 723-732页

作者： HANADA Hideo araki hiroshi TAZAWA Seiichi TSURUTA Seiitsu NODA Hirotomo ASARI Kazuyoshi SASAKI Sho FUNAZAKI Ken'ichi SATOH Atsushi TANIGUCHI Hideo KIKUCHI Mamoru TAKAHASHI Tomoe YAMAZAKI Atsumu PING JinSong KAWANO Nobuyuki PETROVA Natalia GOUDA Naoteru YANO Taihei YAMADA Yoshiyuki NIWA Yoshito KONO Yusuke IWATA Takahiro National Astronomical Observatory of Japan Iwate-ken 0230861Japan Department of Engineering Department Iwate UniversityIwate 0208550Japan National Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100012China Oshu Space&Astronomy Museum Iwate-ken 0230861Japan Department of Astronomy Kazan State UniversityKazan 420008Russia Section of Graduate School of Science Division of Physics and Astronomy Kyoto UniversityKyoto 6068501Japan Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency Kanagawa 2525210Japan

Like other optical astrometric techniques,the Photographic Zenith Tube(PZT) has played a key role in the past observations of the Earth rotation,and it also has a potential to be applied to several other observations by taking advantage of automatic observations with self compensation of tilt of the *** here propose In-situ Lunar Orientation Measurement(ILOM) to study lunar rotational dynamics by direct observations of the lunar rotation from the lunar surface by using a small telescope like PZT with an accuracy of 1 milli-seconds of arc(1 mas) in the post-SELENE *** second application is to obtain local gravity field on the Earth by combining deflection of the vertical measured by PZT and the position measured by Global Positioning System(GPS) or Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS).The accuracy required for this purpose is not as strict as *** have already developed a Bread Board Model(BBM) of the telescope for ILOM and made some experiments in order to know the performance of the driving mechanism under a similar condition to the lunar environment showing high vacuum,large temperature change and dusty *** have also shown that it is possible to correct the effects of uniform temperature change upon the optical system by using a simple model with an accuracy of better than 1 *** model has the potential to attain the accuracy of 1 mas,based on the results of the experiments and the simulations.

关键词： high accuracy orbit determination SAR LRS SELENE

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Proposal of Lunar GIS with Visualized and Auditory Data of Japan＇s Lunar Explorer ＂KAGUYA （SELENE）＂

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通讯和计算机（中英文版） 2010年第1期7卷 63-68页

作者： Shin-ichi Sobue hiroshi araki Seiichi Tazawa Hirotomo Noda Izumi Kamiya Aya Yamamoto Takeo Fujita Ichiro Higashiizumi Hayato Okumura Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency Ibaraki 305-8505 Japan National Astronomical Observation of Japan Oshu lwate 023-0861 Japan Geographical Survey Institute Ibaraki 305-0811 Japan Remote Sensing Technology Center of Japan Tokyo 106-0032 Japan Moonbell Project Tokyo 150-0001 Japan

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界面涂层与基体对先进CVI-SiC／SiC复合材料性能的影响

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无机材料学报 2007年第6期22卷 1147-1150页

作者：杨文荒木弘杨启法野田哲二中国原子能科学研究院北京102413 物质材料研究机构

对含有几种典型界面结构和SiC纳米线的CVI-SiC/SiC复合材料的弯曲性能和断裂韧性进行了比较研究.研究表明:界面涂层对SiC/SiC的力学性能至关重要,120nm厚的碳界面涂层使材料的强度与韧性都增加一倍;在用140nm厚的SiC层将该碳层分为更薄... 详细信息

对含有几种典型界面结构和SiC纳米线的CVI-SiC/SiC复合材料的弯曲性能和断裂韧性进行了比较研究.研究表明:界面涂层对SiC/SiC的力学性能至关重要,120nm厚的碳界面涂层使材料的强度与韧性都增加一倍;在用140nm厚的SiC层将该碳层分为更薄的两层,形成C/SiC/C多层界面涂层时,材料的强度没有明显的变化,而断裂韧性则略有提高.对基体中弥散分布有SiC纳米线的SiC/SiC的力学性能研究表明,SiC纳米线具有非常高的强化效率,使SiC/SiC复合材料具有更高的强度和韧性.

关键词： CVI SiC/SiC复合材料 SiC纳米线界面涂层

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