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Rikkunshito increases peripheral incretin-hormone levels in humans and rats

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World Journal of Methodology 2024年第1期14卷 102-113页

作者： Hiroshi Kono Shinji Furuya Hidenori Akaike Katsutoshi Shoda Yoshihiko Kawaguchi Hidetake Amemiya hiromichi Kawaida Daisuke Ichikawa The First Department of Surgery University of YamanashiChuoYamanashi 409-3898Japan

BACKGROUND It was reported that rikkunshito(TJ-43)improved the cisplatin-induced decreases in the active form of ghrelin in plasma;however,other effects on gastrointestinal hormones have not been investigated.AIM To investigate the effects of TJ-43 on peripheral levels of incretin hormones,including gastric inhibitory polypeptide(GIP)and glucagon-like polypeptide-1(GLP-1),in humans and rats.METHODS Patients were divided into two groups,namely patients who received TJ-43 immediately following surgery[TJ-43(+)group]and those who received TJ-43 on postoperative day 21[TJ-43(-)group],and the plasma levels of active GIP and active GLP-1 were assessed.In animal experiments,rats were treated with TJ-43[rat(r)TJ-43(+)group]or without[rTJ-43(−)group]by gavage for 4 wk,and the plasma active GIP and active GLP-1 levels were measured.The expression of incretin hormones in the gastrointestinal tract and insulin in the pancreas were investigated by immunohistochemistry.Furthermore,the cyclic adenosine monophosphate activities were assessed in pancreatic tissues from rats treated with or without TJ-43 in vivo,and the blood glucose levels and plasma insulin levels were measured in rats treated with or without TJ-43 in oral glucose tolerance tests.RESULTS In humans,the active incretin hormone levels increased,and values were significantly greater in the TJ-43(+)group compared those in the TJ-43(-)group.In rats,the plasma active incretin levels significantly increased in the rTJ-43(+)group compared with those in the rTJ-43(-)group.GIP and GLP-1 expressions were enhanced by TJ-43 treatment.Moreover,plasma insulin levels increased and blood glucose levels were blunted in the rTJ-43(+)group.CONCLUSION The results show that TJ-43 may be beneficial for patients who undergo pancreatic surgery.

关键词： Incretin hormone Japanese traditional herbal medicine Gastric inhibitory polypeptide Glucagon-like polypeptide-1 Islet cells Insulin

Neoadjuvant therapy for resectable pancreatic cancers

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2022年第4期11卷 583-585页

作者： Yosuke Inoue hiromichi Ito Yu Takahashi Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery Cancer Institute HospitalJapanese Foundation for Cancer ResearchTokyoJapan

Pancreatic cancer(PC)is a potentially systemic disease with more diverse biology than generally considered.At present,surgical resection is the only curative therapy available for patients with PC,and its indications have long been discussed based on anatomical resectability.A recent consensus recommends neoadjuvant therapy(NAT)for anatomically borderline resectable(BR)cancers(1)as well as induction therapy for unresectable locally advanced(UR-LA)or metastatic(UR-M)cancers.

关键词： cancers therapy curative

Morphology and gene expression of sex‐determining region Y‐box 9 and runt‐related transcription factor 2 in centrifugally compressed cell collagen‐combined constructs (C^(6))

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Biosurface and Biotribology 2023年第3期9卷 78-83页

作者： Xu Ye Masashi Yamazaki Wataru Ando Norimasa Nakamura hiromichi Fujie Faculty of System Design Tokyo Metropolitan UniversityTokyoJapan Research Center for Medicine‐Engineering Collaboration TokyoJapan Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Kansai Rosai HospitalAmagasakiJapan Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Osaka University Graduate School of MedicineSuitaJapan Institute for Medical Science in Sports Osaka Health Science UniversityOsakaJapan Center for Advanced Medical Engineering and Informatics Osaka UniversitySuitaJapan

The authors previously developed a scaffold‐free tissue‐engineered construct(TEC)from mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs).Although the TEC exhibited even cell distribution and was successfully applied for cartilage repair in animal models,it is unsuitable for relatively large‐scale cartilage defects due to its small size.To solve the problem,the authors recently developed a novel biomaterial,a centrifugally compressed cell‐collagen combined construct(C^(6))from a mixture of MSCs and atelocollagen,both of which are subjected to centrifugation.The results of the previous study indicated that C^(6) exhibited high cell viability(70%)and sufficient cell distribution similar to that of the TEC.In the present study,the morphology and gene expression of C^(6) were investigated.Histological ex-amination indicated that C6 is six times thicker(approximately 1 mm)than the TEC after a 7‐day culture.The C^(6) remained unchanged in scale with increased cell density after a 21‐day culture.Scanning electron microscopic observation indicated that C^(6) exhibited interconnected and porous microstructures,while the TEC had close‐knit microstruc-tures.Reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction analysis indicated that the expression of sex‐determining region Y‐box 9 and runt‐related transcription factor 2 was significantly higher in C^(6) than that in TEC.

关键词： biomaterials cartilage microstructures

Ultrastructural changes in porcine liver sinusoidal endothelial cells of machine perfused liver donated after cardiac death

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第19期28卷 2100-2111页

作者： Hiroki Bochimoto Yo Ishihara Nur Khatijah Mohd Zin Hiroyoshi Iwata Daisuke Kondoh hiromichi Obara Naoto Matsuno Department of Cell Physiology The Jikei University School of MedicineMinato-ku 105-8461TokyoJapan Department of Transplantation Technology and Therapeutic Development Asahikawa Medical UniversityAsahikawa 078-8510HokkaidoJapan Department of Surgery Asahikawa Medical UniversityAsahikawa 078-8510HokkaidoJapan Laboratory of Veterinary Anatomy Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary MedicineObihiro 080-8555HokkaidoJapan Department of Mechanical Engineering Tokyo Metropolitan UniversityHachioji 192-0397TokyoJapan

BACKGROUND The machine perfusion(MP)preservation including hypothermic MP(HMP)and midthermic MP(MMP)has been considered as a promising strategy to preserve the functions of liver donated after cardiac death.The importance of understanding liver sinusoidal endothelial cells(LSEC)damage in regulating liver injury during MP has been emphasized.However,the ultrastructural changes in the LSEC and sinusoids around them after MP are unclear.AIM To investigate the ultrastructural changes in the LSEC and sinusoids around them after MP.METHODS Porcine liver grafts undergo a warm ischemia time of 60 minutes perfused for 4 h with modified University of Wisconsin gluconate solution.Group A grafts were preserved with HMP at 8℃ constantly for 4 h.Group B grafts were preserved with a rewarming solution at 22℃ by MMP for 4 h.Then the ultrastructural changes in the LSEC and sinusoids in Group A and B were comparatively analyzed by using osmium-maceration scanning electron microscopy with complementary transmission electron microscopy methods.RESULTS An analysis of the LSEC after warm ischemia revealed that mitochondria with condensed-shaped cristae,abnormal vesicles,reduction of ribosomes and the endoplasmic reticulum(ER)surround the mitochondria appeared.The MP subsequent after warm ischemia alleviate the abnormal vesicles and reduction of ribosomes in LSEC,which indicated the reduction of the ER damage.However,MMP could restore the tubular mitochondrial cristae,while after HMP the condensed and narrow mitochondrial cristae remained.In addition,the volume of the sinusoidal space in the liver grafts after MMP were restored,which indicated a lower risk of pressure injury than HMP.CONCLUSION MMP alleviates the ER damage of LSEC by warm ischemia,additionally restore the metabolism of LSEC via the normalization of mitochondria and prevent the share stress damage of liver grafts.

关键词： Liver Sinusoidal endothelial cells Warm ischemia Machine perfusion preservation Transplantation Ultrastructure

Carbon nanotube-dependent synthesis of armchair graphene nanoribbons

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Nano Research 2022年第3期15卷 1709-1714页

作者： Yifan Zhang Kecheng Cao Takeshi Saito hiromichi Kataura Hans Kuzmany Thomas Pichler Ute Kaiser Guowei Yang Lei Shi State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies Nanotechnology Research CenterGuangzhou Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronic Materials and Wearable DevicesSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China Central Facility for Electron Microscopy Electron Microscopy Group of Materials ScienceUlm UniversityUlm 89081Germany School of Physical Science and Technology Shanghai Tech UniversityShanghai 201210China Nanomaterials Research Institute National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and TechnologyTsukuba 305-8565Japan Faculty of Physics University of ViennaVienna 1090-AAustria

Sub-nanometer armchair graphene nanoribbons(GNRs)with moderate band gap have great potential towards novel nanodevices.GNRs can be synthesized in the confined tubular space of single-walled carbon nanotubes(SWCNTs),in which precursor molecules have been specifically designed to form the GNRs with certain width and edge.However,it is still unexplored how the diameter and metallicity of SWCNTs influence the synthesis of the GNRs.Herein,we applied a series of SWCNTs with different average diameters to study the diameter-dependent synthesis of GNRs.By using Raman spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy,we found that the width of the GNRs can be tailored by the diameter of the SWCNTs.Especially,the SWCNTs with average diameter of 1.3 nm produced 6 and 7 armchair GNRs with the highest yield,which can be well explained by considering the width of the GNRs and van der Waals radius of hydrogen and carbon atoms.In addition,semiconducting and metallic SWCNTs produced GNRs with different yields,which could attribute to different diameter distributions and density of defects.These results enable the possibility of a high-yield production of certain armchair graphene nanoribbons in large scale,which would benefit future applications as semiconductor with sub-nanometer in width.

关键词： armchair graphene nanoribbons single-walled carbon nanotubes Raman spectroscopy diameter dependence metallicity dependence

Evaluation of microstructure and creep damage in high-Cr ferritic steel welds

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2011年第3期24卷 225-234页

作者： Masaaki TABUCHI hiromichi HONGO National Institute for Materials Science

11Cr-0.4Mo-2W-CuVNb steel （ASME Gr.122） is used for boiler components in ultra- supercritical （USC） thermal power plants. The creep strength of high-Cr steel welds decreases due to the formation of Type IV creep damage in the heat-affected zone （HAZ） during long-term use at high temperatures. In the present study, the processes and mechanisms of Type Ⅳ creep damage were elucidated by investigating the long-term creep strength, microstructure and damage behavior of Gr.122 steel welds. Creep tests using thick welded joints were interrupted at several time steps, and the initiation, evolution and distribution of creep damage were measured. It was found that the formation and growth of creep damage was suppressed during the steady- state stage; creep voids formed at 0.5 of life, and coalesced to form a crack after 0.9 of life. Type IV creep damage was mostly observed in the area about 30% below the surface of the plate. Differences in creep damage behavior between Gr.122 and Gr.91 steel welds were examined. Experimental creep damage distribution was compared with computed versions using the finite element method and damage mechanics.

关键词： Gr.122 steel Welded joint Creep void Type Ⅳ damage Finite element method Damage mechanics

Rikkunshito increases appetite by enhancing gastrointestinal and incretin hormone levels in patients who underwent pyloruspreserving pancreaticoduodenectomy: A retrospective study

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2023年第5期15卷 871-881页

作者： Hiroshi Kono Naohiro Hosomura Hidetake Amemiya Katsutoshi Shoda Shinji Furuya Hidenori Akaike Yoshihiko Kawaguchi hiromichi Kawaida Daisuke Ichikawa First Department of Surgery University of YamanashiChuoYamanashi 409-3898Japan

BACKGROUND Rikkunshito(TJ-43)relieves gastrointestinal disturbance by increases in the levels of acylated ghrelin.AIM To investigate the effects of TJ-43 in patients undergoing pancreatic surgery.METHODS Forty-one patients undergoing pylorus-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy(PpPD)were divided into two groups;patients took daily doses of TJ-43 after surgery or after postoperative day(POD)21.The plasma levels of acylated and desacylated ghrelin,cholecystokinin(CCK),peptide YY(PYY),gastric inhibitory peptide(GIP),and active glucagon-like peptide(GLP)-1 were evaluated.Oral calorie intake was assessed at POD 21 in both groups.The primary endpoint of this study was the total food intake after PpPD.RESULTS The levels of acylated ghrelin were significantly greater in patients treated with TJ-43 than those in patients without TJ-43 administration at POD 21,and oral intake was significantly increased in patients treated with TJ-43.The CCK and PYY levels were significantly greater in patients treated with TJ-43 than those in patients without TJ-43 treatment.Furthermore,the GIP and active GLP-1 levels increased and values at POD 21 were significantly greater in patients treated with TJ-43 than those in patients without TJ-43 administration.Insulin secretion tended to increase in patients treated with TJ-43.CONCLUSION TJ-43 may have advantages for oral food intake in patients in the early phase after pancreatic surgery.Further investigation is needed to clarify the effects of TJ-43 on incretin hormones.

关键词： Gastrointestinal hormone Japanese traditional herbal medicine Ghrelin Incretin Pancreatic surgery

Relationship between perioperative glycemic control and postoperative infections

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第33期15卷 4122-4125页

作者： Kazuhiro Hanazaki hiromichi Maeda Takehiro Okabayashi Department of Surgery Kochi Medical SchoolKochi University

Perioperative hyperglycemia in critically ill surgery patients increases the risk of postoperative infection (POI), which is a common, and often costly, surgical complication. Hyperglycemia is associated with abnormalities in leukocyte function, including granulocyte adherence, impaired phagocytosis, delayed chemotaxis, and depressed bactericidal capacity. These leukocyte deficiencies are the cause ofinfection and improve with tight glycemic control, which leads to fewer POIs in critically ill surgical patients. Tight glycemic control, such as intensive insulin therapy, has a risk of hypoglycemia. In addition, the optimal targeted blood glucose range to reduce POI remains unknown. Since 2006, we have investigated tight perioperative blood glucose control using a closed-loop artificial endocrine pancreas system, to reduce POI and to avoid hypoglycemia. In this Topic Highlight, we review the relationship between perioperative glycemic control and POI, including the use of the artificial pancreas.

关键词：围手术期高血糖控制感染内分泌系统 POI 细胞功能杀菌能力

Middle Jurassic spinicaudatan Shizhuestheria from the Sichuan Basin and its ontogenetic implication

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Science China Earth Sciences 2009年第12期52卷 1962-1968页

作者： HIRANO hiromichi KOZAI Takeshi SAKAI Takashi Department of Earth Sciences School of Education Waseda University Tokyo 169-8050 Japan Laboratory Geosciences Faculty of Science Naruto University of Education Tokushima 772-8502 Japan Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences Kyushu University Fukuoka 810-8560 Japan

The diagnosis of the Middle Jurassic spinicaudatan genus Shizhuestheria is revised following the re-examination under a scanning electron microscope of a type specimen from Yanxi of Shizhu, and the newly collected specimens from Xintiangou of Chengjiang Town, Beibei, Chongqing. Small-sized reticulations occur not only in the middle-sized reticulations on growth bands on the dorsal side of the carapace, but also on growth bands on the ventral side of the carapace, which have been overlooked in the original description. The shift from wide dorsal growth bands to narrow ventral ones might indicate an onset of sexual maturity, and the transition in biological priorities from rapid juvenile growth to reproductive activities.

关键词： spinicaudatan Middle Jurassic ontogeny biostratigraphy Sichuan Basin