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Boosting high-performance in Zr-rich side protonic solid oxide electrolysis cells by optimizing functional interlayer

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Green Energy & Environment 2025年第1期10卷 150-160页

作者： Chunmei Tang Ning Wang Sho Kitano hiroki Habazaki Yoshitaka Aoki Siyu Ye Huangpu Hydrogen Energy Innovation Center School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringGuangzhou UniversityNo.230 Wai Huan Xi RoadGuangzhou510006China Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering Hokkaido UniversityN13W8Kita-kuSapporo060-8628Japan Faculty of Engineering Hokkaido UniversityN13W8Kita-kuSapporo060-8628Japan

Protonic solid oxide electrolysis cells(P-SOECs)are a promising technology for water electrolysis to produce green ***,there are still challenges related key materials and anode/electrolyte interface.P-SOECs with Zr-rich electrolyte,called Zr-rich side P-SOECs,possess high thermodynamically stability under high steam concentrations but the large reaction resistances and the current leakage,thus the inferior *** this study,an efficient functional interlayer Ba_(0.95)La_(0.05)Fe_(0.8)Zn_(0.2)O_(3-δ)(BLFZ)in-between the anode and the electrolyte is *** electrochemical performances of P-SOECs are greatly enhanced because the BLFZ can greatly increase the interface contact,boost anode reaction kinetics,and increase proton injection into *** a result,the P-SOEC yields high current density of 0.83 A cm^(-2) at 600℃ in 1.3 Vamong all the reported Zr-rich side *** work not only offers an efficient functional interlayer for P-SOECs but also holds the potential to achieve P-SOECs with high performances and long-term stability.

关键词： Functional interlayer Zr-rich side electrolyte Protonic solid oxide electrolysis cells Current density Faradaic efficiency

Influences of tree characters on throughfall and stemflow from rainfall and fog in Popa Mountain Park, Myanmar

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Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第6期35卷 210-219页

作者： Yadanar Zaw hiroki Oue The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences Ehime University3-5-7 TarumiMatsuyamaEhime 790-8566Japan Graduate School of Agriculture Ehime University3-5-7 TarumiMatsuyamaEhime 790-8566Japan

Available water for communities is insufficient in the central part of Myanmar due to limited rainfall and surface water resources. Over the last two decades, afforestation and reforestation projects have been implemented in this region to provide sufficient water to local communities, expecting forested areas to store more rainwater than other land uses. However, there has been no research and very limited information on rainfall partitioning into throughfall(TF) and stemflow(SF), particularly concerning tree characters. Gross rainfall, TF under different canopy types, and SF of different tree types were measured in 2019. TF and SF were frequently observed even without rain but under foggy conditions. Therefore, both were partitioned into TF and SF from rainfall and fog individually. Sparser canopies resulted in larger TF from rainfall than denser canopies. However, a denser canopy delivered larger TF from fog than a sparser one. TF rates from rainfall in sparser and denser canopies were 54.5% and 51.5%, respectively, while those from fog were 15.2% and 27.2%, respectively. As a result, total TF rate in the denser canopy(70.7%) was significantly larger than that from the sparser one(64.3%). Short trees with small crown projection area and smooth bark(Type Ⅰ) resulted in larger SF from rainfall than taller trees with large crown projection area and rough bark(Type Ⅱ). However, Type Ⅱ trees resulted in larger SF from fog. SF rates by rainfall from Type Ⅰ and Ⅱ trees were 17.5% and 12.2%, respectively, while those by fog were 22.2% and 39.5%, respectively. No significant total SF rates were found for Type Ⅰ(22.5%) and Ⅱ trees(20.1%). A denser canopy results in larger TF, and Type Ⅰ trees result in larger SF. In an area where foggy conditions occur frequently and for a lengthy period, however, Type Ⅱ trees will result in larger SF. These three tree characters(dense canopies, short trees with small crown projection area and smooth bark, and tall trees with large crown p

关键词： Gross rainfall Fog interception Throughfall Stemflow

Functional imaging of astrocyte activity

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第6期16卷 1206-1207页

作者： hiroki Kato Tatsusada Okuno Department of Nuclear Medicine and Tracer Kinetics Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine2-2 Yamadaoka SuitaOsakaJapan Department of Neurology Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine2-2 Yamadaoka SuitaOsakaJapan

Astrocytes have become known to play a central role in various neuroinflammatory *** evaluation of astrocyte activity using functional imaging is becoming more *** metabolism or oxygen metabolism in the brain can be assessed using the established clinical imaging methods of F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography(PET)and O-15 PET,***,until recently,the highly specific evaluation of metabolic activity in astrocytes has never been applied *** acetate is selectively taken up and metabolized by astrocytes,its usefulness as a tracer for measuring astrocyte activity has been proposed in basic research.

关键词： metabolism assessed clinical

Relapse of prostate cancer from the viewpoint of total gland volume kinetics theory

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2015年第6期17卷 904-907页

作者： hiroki Watanabe Director Watanabe Memorial Choumei ResearchLaboratory Shiga Japan Honorary Professor KyotoPrefectural University of Medicine and Meiji Universityof Integrated Medicine Kyoto Japan.

In many cases of prostate cancer, changes of prostate volume were measured very frequently after castration by means of transrectal ultrasound. For short-term observations, a factor called as ＂reduction time （tau [τ]）,＂ which means the time required for the volume of ＂effective portion＂（volume responded to castration） to be reduced to one-tenth of its original value, correlated very well with patients＇ prognosis. For long-term observations for relapse, changes of prostate volume could be divided clearly into two types, namely, ＂metastatic progressive type＂ with metastasis without volume increase and ＂local progressive type＂ with remarkable volume increase without metastasis. ＂τ＂ in the ＂local progressive type＂ was far shorter than that in the ＂metastatic progressive type.＂ Much longer survival was obtained when the patient belonged to the ＂local progressive type＂ than to the ＂metastatic progressive type.＂ Thus, ＂τ＂ was the most important and the most reliable factor to predict the prognosis. Based upon these observations, a schematic analysis of prostate cancer relapse was shown.

关键词： Relapse prostate theory

Ideal Drift Response Curve for Robust Optimal Damper Design for Elastic-Plastic MDOF Structures under Multi-Level Earthquakes Dedicated to Professor Karl *** for his 95th birthday

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2021年第12期129卷 1181-1207页

作者： hiroki Akehashi Izuru Takewaki Department of Architecture and Architectural Engineering Graduate School of EngineeringKyoto UniversityKyotodaigaku-KatsuraNishikyoKyoto615-8540Japan

A new method of robust damper design is presented for elastic-plastic multi-degree-of-freedom(MDOF)building structures under multi-level ground motions(GMs).This method realizes a design that is effective for various levels of *** robustness of a design is measured by an incremental dynamic analysis(IDA)curve and an ideal drift response curve(IDRC).The IDRC is a plot of the optimized maximum deformation under a constraint on the total damper quantity *** design level of the *** total damper quantity corresponds to the total cost of the added ***,a problem of generation of IDRCs is ***,its solution algorithm,which consists of the sensitivity-based algorithm(SBA)and a local search method,is *** the application of the SBA,the passive added dampers are removed sequentially under the specified-level *** the other hand,the proposed local search method can search the optimal solutions for a constant total damper quantity under GMs’increased *** this way,combining these two algorithms enables the comprehensive search of the optimal solutions for various conditions of the status of the GMs and the total damper *** influence of selecting the type of added dampers(oil,hysteretic,and so on)and the selection of the input GMs on the IDRCs are ***,a robust optimal design problem is formulated,and a simple local search-based algorithm is proposed.A simple index using the IDRC and the IDA curve of the model is used as the objective *** is demonstrated that the proposed algorithm works well in spite of its simplicity.

关键词： Optimal damper placement robust damper design multi-level earthquake ideal drift response curve elastic-plastic MDOF model viscous damper hysteretic damper

Quantitative classification of Camellia japonica and Camellia rusticana(Theaceae)based on leaf and flower morphology

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Plant Diversity 2021年第3期43卷 216-224页

作者： Harue Abe hiroki Miura Yoshitaka Motonaga Center for Sustainable Agriculture and Forestry Faculty of AgricultureNiigata University94-2 KodaSadoNiigata952-2206Japan Aomori Prefectural Asamushi Aquarium 1-25 BabayamaAsamushiAomoriAomori039-3501Japan Faculty of Agriculture Niigata University8050 Ikarashi-ninochoNishi-kuNiigata950-2181Japan

In Japan,Camellia japonica and Camellia rusticana are naturally *** differences in their habitats and morphologies,they have been classified by various researchers as either varieties,subspecies,or *** taxonomic position of *** and *** remain unclear because morphological comparisons have been restricted to limited areas and quantitative data are *** grows in snowy places,unlike *** *** displays ornithophily,*** displays *** species have adapted to different growing environments and pollinators,which have altered the morphology of flowers and *** therefore quantitatively estimated the differentiation between these two taxa by comparing the morphologies of leaf hypodermis,flower form,petal color,and filament color in twenty *** findings allowed us to differentiate these two species by the presence or absence of a leaf *** also discovered an intermediate type of leaf hypodermis,which might also be caused by *** component analysis(PCA)indicated that the flower morphologies between these species were significantly *** petal and filament colors were also significantly *** quantitative analysis suggests that speciation caused by differences in both pollinators and environment is one of the factors involved in this *** findings in *** and *** help to explain speciation processes for other species as well.

关键词： Camellia japonica Camellia rusticana Ecological isolation Pollinator shift Pollination syndrome Reproductive isolation

A Wire-Driven Series Elastic Mechanism Based on Ultrasonic Motor for Walking Assistive System

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2023年第3期36卷 179-190页

作者： Weihao Ren hiroki Yoshioka Lin Yang Takeshi Morita State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 210016China Graduate School of Frontier Sciences The University of TokyoKashiwa 2778563Japan

In order to improve the elderly people's quality of life,supporting their walking behaviors is a promising ***,based on one ultrasonic motor,a wire-driven series elastic mechanism for walking assistive system is proposed and investigated in this *** contrast to tradition,it innovatively utilizes an ultrasonic motor and a wire-driven series elastic mechanism to achieve superior system performances in aspects of simple structure,high torque/weight ratio,quiet operation,quick response,favorable electromagnetic compatibility,strong shock resistance,better safety,and accurately stable force *** proposed device is mainly composed of an ultrasonic motor,a linear spring,a steel wire,four pulleys and one rotating *** overcome the ultrasonic motor's insufficient output torque,a steel wire and pulleys are smartly combined to directly magnify the torque instead of using a conventional gear *** the pulleys,there is one tailored pulley playing an important role to keep the reduction ratio as 4.5 ***,the prototype is manufactured and its actual performance is verified by experimental *** a one-second operating cycle,it only takes 86 ms for this mechanism to output an assistive torque of 1.6 N·*** this torque,the ultrasonic motor's speed is around 4.1 rad/***,experiments with different operation periods have been conducted for different application *** study provides a useful idea for the application of ultrasonic motor in walking assistance system.

关键词： Ultrasonic motor Wire-driven Series elastic mechanism Walking assistive system Pulley Reduction ratio

Linear Stability Analysis on the Influences of the Spatial Variations in Thermal Conductivity and Expansivity on the Flow Patterns of Thermal Convection with Strongly Temperature-Dependent Viscosity

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Journal of Earth Science 2014年第1期25卷 126-139页

作者： Arata Miyauchi Masanori Kameyama hiroki Ichikawa Geodynamics Research Center Ehime University

A series of linear stability analysis is carried out on the onset of thermal convection in the presence of spatial variations of viscosity, thermal conductivity and expansivity. We consider the temporal evolution of an infinitesimal perturbation superimposed to a static （motionless） and con- ductive state in a basally-heated planar layer. From the changes in flow patterns with increasing the amplitudes of temperature dependence of viscosity, we identified the transition into the ＂stagnant-lid＂（ST） regime, where the convection occurs only beneath a thick and stagnant-lid of cold fluid at the top surface. Detailed analysis showed a significant increase of the aspect ratio of convection cells in ST regime induced by the spatial variations in thermal conductivity and/or expansivity： the horizon- tal length scale of ST convection can be enlarged by up to 50% with 10 times increase of thermal conductivity with depth. We further developed an analytical model of ST convection which success- fully reproduced the mechanism of increasing horizontal length scale of ST regime convection cells for given spatial variations in physical properties. Our findings may highlight the essential roles of the spatial variation of thermal conductivity on the convection patterns in the mantle.

关键词： mantle convection stagnant-lid temperature-dependent viscosity pressure- dependent thermal conductivity pressure-dependent thermal expansivity linear stability analysis.

Boundary Conditions for Momentum and Vorticity at an Interface between Two Fluids

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Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics 2024年第1期12卷 16-33页

作者： Korekazu ueyama Graduate School of Engineering Science Osaka University Toyonaka Japan

Boundary conditions for momentum and vorticity have been precisely derived, paying attention to the physical meaning of each mathematical expression of terms rigorously obtained from the basic equations: Navier-Stokes equation and the equation of vorticity transport. It has been shown first that a contribution of fluid molecules crossing over a conceptual surface moving with fluid velocity due to their fluctuating motion is essentially important to understanding transport phenomena of momentum and vorticity. A notion of surface layers, which are thin layers at both sides of an interface, has been introduced next to elucidate the transporting mechanism of momentum and vorticity from one phase to the other at an interface through which no fluid molecules are crossing over. A fact that a size of δV, in which reliable values of density, momentum, and velocity of fluid are respectively defined as a volume-averaged mass of fluid molecules, a volume-averaged momentum of fluid molecules and a mass-averaged velocity of fluid molecules, is not infinitesimal but finite has been one of the key factors leading to the boundary conditions for vorticity at an interface between two fluids. The most distinguished characteristics of the boundary conditions derived here are the zero-value conditions for a normal component of momentum flux and tangential components of vorticity flux, at an interface.

关键词： Boundary Condition for Vorticity Surface Layer Interface Momentum Flux Vorticity Flux