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In utero and exo utero fetal surgery on histogenesis of organs in animals

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World Journal of Surgical Procedures 2015年第2期5卷 198-207页

作者： Esrat Jahan Ashiq Mahmood Rafiq hiroki otani Department of Developmental Biology Faculty of Medicine Shimane University

Until recently, fetal surgery was only used for fetuses with very poor prognosis who were likely to die without intervention. With advances in imaging, endoscopic techniques, anesthesia and novel interventions, fetal surgery is becoming a realistic option for conditions with less severe prognoses, where the aim is now to improve quality of life rather than simply allow survival. Until forty years ago, the uterus shielded the fetus from observation and therapy. Rapid changes in the diagnosis and treatment of human fetal anatomical abnormalities are due to improved fetal imaging studies, fetal sampling techniques(e.g., amniocentesis and chorionic villus sampling), and a better understanding of fetal pathophysiology derived from laboratory animals. Fetal therapy is the logical culmination of progress in fetal diagnosis. In other words, the fetus is now a patient. Now-a-days, in utero(IU) and exo utero(EU) surgical methods are popular for experimental analyses of the histogenesis of organ development. Using these surgical methods, developmental anomalies can be created and then repaired. By applying microinjection and/or fetal surgery with these methods, models of developmental anomalies such as neural tube defects, temporomandibular joint defects, hip joint defects, digit amputation, limb and digit development and regeneration, and tooth germ transplantation in the jaw could be created and later observed. After observing different types of anomalies, novel IU and EU surgical techniques would be the best approach for repairing or treating those anomalies or diseases. This review will focus on the rationale for the IU and EU creation of animal models of different organ defects or anomalies and their repair, based on analyses of organ histogenesis and pathologic observations. It will also focus in detail on the surgical techniques of both IU and EU methods.

关键词： Myelomeningocele Microinjection Rodent Sheep Neural tube defect Temporomandibular joint Fetal surgery In utero Exo utero

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转化生长因子β1在交通性脑积水中的表达

中华神经外科杂志 2010年第10期26卷 946-948页

作者：张庆华张莉李宗正王晖大谷浩孙涛宁夏医科大学附属医院神经外科银川750004 日本岛根大学

目的研究转化生长因子β1（transforming growth factor-β1,TGF-β1）在高岭土诱导大鼠脑积水模型中的表达及意义.方法将40只Wistar大鼠随机分为两组,Kaolin组：枕大池中注射2%高岭土50μl,造成交通性脑积水模型 Saline组：枕大池中... 详细信息

目的研究转化生长因子β1（transforming growth factor-β1,TGF-β1）在高岭土诱导大鼠脑积水模型中的表达及意义.方法将40只Wistar大鼠随机分为两组,Kaolin组：枕大池中注射2%高岭土50μl,造成交通性脑积水模型 Saline组：枕大池中注射生理盐水50μl（阴性对照组）.结果注射后28 d,Kaolin组的脑室扩张程度,颅内软脑膜纤维化程度以及脑脊液中TGF-β1含量均比Saline组明显增高.结论 TGF-β1的高表达与交通性脑积水的发生及发展有关.

关键词：转化生长因子β1 交通性脑积水模型,动物大鼠

Implementation and Verification of an Application with Active Path Selection in IPv6 Environment

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计算机工程 2002年第S1期28卷 13-21页

作者： Makoto otani1,Kenzi Watanabe2,hiroki Kondo3 (1.Graduate School of Science and Engineering,Saga University 1, Honjo, Saga 840-8502, Japan, otani@ai.is.saga-u.ac.jp2.Faculty of Science and Engineering, Saga University 1, Honjo, Saga 840-8502, Japan, watana Graduate School of Science and Engineering Saga University 1 Honjo Saga 840-8502 Japan otani@ai.is.saga-u.ac.jp Faculty of Science and Engineering Saga University 1 Honjo Saga 840-8502 Japan watanabe is.saga-u.ac.jp Faculty of Science and Engineering Saga University 1 Honjo Saga 840-8502 Japan kondo_h ai.is.saga-u.ac.jp

The paper proposes a function of active path selection to the destination by users and implemented the function into the FTP application by using the routing header defined in IPv6 specifications. It also develops the "support system for quality selection'', which supports the selection by providing information on each path, experimentally. The details of the function and an implementation of the application also are described .;;

关键词： Active path selectionRouting headerQuality seleetioy

Dopaminergic modulation of synaptic plasticity in rat prefrontal neurons

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2015年第2期31卷 183-190页

作者： Satoru otani Jing Bai Kevin Blot Center for Medical Education Faculty of Health Sciences Ryotokuji University Chinese Medicine Research Laboratory Juntendo University Medical School Pathophysiology Department University of Paris 6

The prefrontal cortex （PFC） is thought to store the traces for a type of long-term memory - the memory that determines the temporal structure of behavior often termed a ＂rule＂ or ＂strategy＂. Long-term synaptic plasticity might serve as an underlying cellular mechanism for this type of memory. We therefore studied the induction of synaptic plasticity in rat PFC neurons, maintained in vitro, with special emphasis on the functionally important neuromodulator dopamine. First, the induction of long-term potentiation （LTP） was facilitated in the presence of tonic/background dopamine in the bath, and the dose-dependency of this background dopamine followed an ＂inverted-U＂ function, where too high or too low dopamine levels could not facilitate LTP. Second, the induction of long-term depression （LTD） by low-frequency stimuli appeared to be independent of background dopamine, but required endogenous, phasically-released dopamine during the stimuli. Blockade of dopamine receptors during the stimuli and exaggeration of the effect of this endogenouslyreleased dopamine by inhibition of dopamine transporter activity both blocked LTD. Thus, LTD induction also followed an inverted-U function in its dopamine-dependency. We conclude that PFC synaptic plasticity is powerfully modulated by dopamine through inverted-U-shaped dose-dependency.

关键词： prefrontal cortex synaptic plasticity long-term memory

Geochemical behavior of rare-earth elements and other major and minor elements in sound-producing and silent beach sands in Japan

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Chinese Journal Of Geochemistry 2007年第1期26卷 35-45页

作者： Chiaki Igarashi Naotatsu Shikazono Haruhiro otani Graduate School of Science and Technology Keio University3-14-1 HiyoshiKohoku-kuYokohama223-8522Japan Faculty of Science and Technology Department of Applied ChemistryEnvironmental GeochemistryKeio University3-14-1 HiyoshiKohoku-kuYokohama223-8522Japan

The major element composition of sound-producing sand is reported together with rare-earth elements (REE) and other selected elements for the first time. Rare-earth element concentrations in beach sands from Miyagi and Tottori in Japan were determined by induction-coupled, argon-plasma spectrometry (ICP-MS) to characterize the REE of sound-producing and silent sands relative to the parental rocks. Sound-producing sand beaches are very common and all over in Japan: five beaches in Miyagi and 2 in Tottori are selected with other silent sand beaches in the areas. Both sound-producing sand and silent sand samples from Miyagi and Tottori contain more than 60wt% of SiO2 and are composed mainly of quartz and feldspar. Miyagi sand samples are characterized by light REE enrichment and flat chondrite-normalized patterns that are similar to those of local source sandstone. However, all sand samples from Miyatojima in Miyagi show positive Eu anomalies, a characteristic feature not shown in other sand samples from Miyagi. Tottori sand samples also are characterized by high REE contents and remarkable positive Eu anomalies. The sands containing lower REE contents are due to high quartz and feldspar contents. Miyatojima sand samples and Tottori sand samples have high REE contents and show remarkable positive Eu anomalies due to the presence of feldspar. The best results are obtained using all of the geological methods and the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) as a measure of the similarity between sound-producing sand and silent sand. The difference between sound-producing sand and silent sand is obtained from the PCA results.

关键词：日本发声沙滩无声沙滩稀土元素常量元素微量元素地球化学行为

Deformation behavior and acting earth pressure of three-hinge precast arch culvert in construction process

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Underground Space 2019年第3期4卷 251-260页

作者： Yasuo Sawamura Hiroyuki Ishihara Yoshinori otani Kiyoshi Kishida Makoto Kimura Department of Civil and Earth Resources Engineering Kyoto UniversityJapan Hokkaido Branch Kajima CorporationJapan Hirose Hokyodo&Co. Ltd.Japan Department of Urban Management Kyoto UniversityJapan

The three-hinge precast arch culvert consists of two segmental precast units and three hinge *** harnesses the passive resistance of an embankment by permitting deflection,resulting in a mechanically stable ***,the design of the three-hinge precast arch culvert differs from that of a conventional culvert,prompting the mechanical behavior of the culvert to become an important *** this study,therefore,1/5 scale model tests were conducted on a three-hinge precast arch culvert to measure the changes in the inside width and earth pressure acting on the culvert at each step in order to investigate the culvert’s mechanical behavior at each construction ***,the deflection measurement of the culvert was obtained at the in-situ construction *** results indicate that the arch members were displaced according to the embankment depth in a similar manner to the design ***,the horizontal earth pressure,which was larger than the earth pressure at rest,acted on the culvert at the end of its construction.

关键词： Precast arch culvert Construction process Coefficient of earth pressure Inside width

A study on quality evaluation for bituminous mixture using X-ray CT

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2013年第2期7卷 89-101页

作者： Satoshi TANIGUCHI Keiichiro OGAWA Jun otani Itaru NISHIZAKI Public Works Research Institute Tsukuba 305-8516Japan School of Science and Technology Kumamoto UniversityKumamoto 860-8555Japan

The objective of this paper is to propose a new quality evaluation method for asphalt concrete mixture using X-ray CT *** achieve this aim,asphalt mixtures should be subjected to the X-ray CT scanning and its characteristics should be *** approach employed in this study was as follows:1)Coarse aggregate,fine aggregate,filler and bitumen were prepared;2)dense-graded,coarse-graded and porous asphalt mixtures were made;3)materials and mixtures were subjected to the X-ray CT scanning;4)frequency of CT-value,threshold value,average slice CT-value,average segment CT-value were *** the material examination,CT-value of aggregate becomes smaller in the order of coarse aggregate,fine aggregate and filler and CT image of bitumen was nearly *** the mixture examination,histograms of CT-value and four segmentation images made from CT images expressed the material and mixture characterization such as particle size and the difference in bitumen content and mixture type visibly and the bitumen content varies with the threshold *** addition,the average segment CT-value without threshold value by dividing the fine aggregate from the coarse aggregate and average CT-value of the coarse aggregate,especially is highly correlated with average CT-value of the bitumen.

关键词： asphalt concrete mixture aggregate bitumen bitumen content quality evaluation X-ray CT

Image analysis of soil failure on defective underground pipe due to cyclic water supply and drainage using X-ray CT

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2012年第2期6卷 85-100页

作者： Toshifumi MUKUNOKI Naoko KUMANO Jun otani X-Earth Center Graduate School of Science and TechnologyKumamoto University1-39-2 KurokamiKumamoto 860-8555Japan

The ground subsidence on the underground pipe often is caused with the reduction of the effective stress and the loss of suction in the base course and then,soil drainage into the *** final formation of the cavity growth in the ground was observed as the ground *** focused this problem and hence performed model tests with water-inflow and drainage cycle in the model *** mechanism of cavity generation in the model ground was observed using an X-ray Computed Tomography(CT)*** those studies,water was supplied into the model grounds from the defected underground pipe model in case of the change of relative density and grain size *** results,it was observed that the loosening area was generated from the defected part with water-inflow and some of the soil particles in the ground were drained into the underground pipe through the defected *** afterward,the cavity was generated just above the defected part of the model pipe in the *** on this observation,it might be said that the bulk density of soil around the defected pipe played one of key factor to generate the cavity in the ***,the dimension of the defected part should be related to the magnification of the ground subsidence,in particular,crack width on a sewerage pipe and particle size would be the quantitative factor to evaluate the magnification of the ground *** this paper,it was concluded that the low relative density of soil would become the critical factor to cause the fatal failure of model ground if the maximum grain size was close to the dimension of crack width of defective *** fatal collapse of the ground with high relative density more than 80%would be avoided in a few cycles of water inflow and soil drainage.

关键词： relative density grain property model test road subsidence underground pipe image processing X-ray CT

Characteristics of nanoparticles emitted from burning of biomass fuels

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2014年第9期26卷 1913-1920页

作者： Mitsuhiko Hata Jiraporn Chomanee Thunyapat Thongyen Linfa Bao Surajit Tekasakul Perapong Tekasakul Yoshio otani Masami Furuuchi College of Science and Engineering Kanazawa UniversityKakuma-machiKanazawaIshikawa 920-1192Japan Department of Chemistry Faculty of SciencePrince of Songkla UniversityHat YaiSongkhla 90112Thailand Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Kanazawa UniversityKakuma-machiKanazawaIshikawa 920-1192Japan Energy Technology Research Center and Department of Mechanical EngineeringFaculty of EngineeringPrince of Songkla UniversityHat YaiSongkhla 90112Thailand National Center of Excellence for Environmental and Hazardous Waste Management (EHWM) Southern Consortium Universities at Prince ofSongkla UniversityHat YaiSongkhla 90112Thailand

The characteristics of the particles of the smoke that is emitted from the burning ofbiomass fuels were experimentally investigated using a laboratory-scale tube furnace and different types of biomass fuels： rubber wood, whole wood pellets and rice husks. Emitted amounts of particles, particle-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs） and water-soluble organic carbon （WSOC） are discussed relative to the size of the emitted particles, ranging to as small as nano-size （〈70 nm）, and to the rate of heating rate during combustion, differential thermal analysis （DTA） and thermogravimetric analysis （TG） techniques were used to examine the effect of heating rate and biomass type on combustion behaviors relative to the characteristics of particle emissions. In the present study, more than 30% of the smoke particles from the burning ofbiomass fuel had a mass that fell within a range of 〈 100 nm. Particles smaller than 0.43 μm contributed greatly to the total levels of toxic PAHs and WSOC. The properties of these particles were influenced by the fuel component, the combustion conditions, and the particle size. Although TC--DTA results indicated that the heating rate in a range of 10-20℃did not show a significant effect on the combustion properties, there was a slight increase in the decomposition temperature as heating rate was increased. The nano-size particles had the smallest fraction of particle mass and particle-bound PAHs, but nonetheless these particles registered the largest fraction of particle-bound WSOC.

关键词： Wood biomassNano-particlesPolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbonsWater-soluble organic carbon