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Factors Impacting Participatory Post‑Disaster Relocation and Housing Reconstruction:The Case of Tsholotsho District,Zimbabwe

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2024年第1期15卷 58-72页

作者： Nombulelo Kitsepile Ngulube hirokazu Tatano Subhajyoti Samaddar Department of Social Informatics Graduate School of InformaticsKyoto UniversityKyoto 606-8507Japan Disaster Prevention Research Institute(DPRI) Kyoto UniversityKyoto 611-0011Japan

Relocation is not typically considered the best planning option for post-disaster reconstruction and rehabilitation,but it may be necessary if the site has suffered severe damage or is at imminent risk.There is a growing recognition that strong community participation is necessary in the post-disaster relocation decision-making process since relocation can have detrimental effects on a community’s livelihood,cultural system,and way of life,among others.However,the realization of this still needs to be improved.As of yet,few studies have examined a comprehensive account of meaningful community engagement in post-disaster relocation and reconstruction,particularly in developing countries.This study investigated what factors influenced local communities’ participation in post-disaster relocation and reconstruction works after the 2017Cyclone Dineo flood disaster in the Tsholotsho District of Zimbabwe.Qualitative research methods such as face-to-face interviews,observations,and focus groups were used to collect qualitative data from a purposive sample of 25 community members and 6 stakeholders.This empirical investigation showed that despite the fact that the relocation project was conceived as a community-centered project,there was no meaningful community engagement,due to the absence of a participatory framework or planning guidelines for stakeholder engagement,as well as the lack of political willingness among government officials.The study concluded that the lack of community involvement led to local communities abandoning the reconstruction sites because relocation projects failed to accommodate the cultural beliefs,place attachments,and livelihood concerns of local communities.This study suggested that it is imperative to enhance the awareness of government officials and other stakeholders about the importance of community participation for the effective implementation of post-disaster relocation works.Meaningful community participation can also provide avenues for incorporating local needs and concerns,cultura

关键词： Community rehabilitation Housing reconstruction-Participatory relocation Zimbabwe

The Development of the “Monitoring Application for Inappropriate Expressions in Nursing Records”for PsyNACS^©

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Journal of Computer and Communications 2024年第5期12卷 42-52页

作者： hirokazu Ito Yuko Yasuhara Tetsuya Tanioka Department of Nursing Institute of Biomedical Sciences Tokushima University Graduate School Tokushima Japan

Lengthening periods of hospitalization, increasing numbers of patients with age-related complications, and a shortage of nursing staff have been of great concern in medical psychiatry in Japan. Under these circumstances, countries such as Japan that face a super-aging society and a decline in the working-age population, have been recommended for use of advanced information and communications technology (ICT) to improve the efficiency of medical treatment and care. This study aims to develop the “Monitoring Application for Inappropriate Expressions in Nursing Records” for using PsyNACS©, which will enable psychiatric nursing plans to harness the advantages of ICT. The functions considered necessary are as follows: 1) identification of users who enter information;2) a necessary database for lists of inappropriate expressions;3) development of a matching function to recommend proper writing input and a warning function;and 4) a management function for an inappropriate expression list database. A demonstration experiment for developing the application in this study was conducted at a specialized psychiatric hospital. To introduce them to the application, nurses and nurse managers were informed about the system developed in this study, and a survey regarding their opinions on the functions of the application was conducted with ten nurse managers. The results were evaluated in terms of usefulness for nursing care, documentation, and the education of nurses from an ethical perspective. This study suggests that matching their input with an inappropriate expression database will allow nurses to record more appropriate expressions. From an ethical perspective, the ability to use appropriate expressions makes records more likely to withstand disclosure requests from patients and their families.

关键词： PsyNACS© Monitoring Application Inappropriate Expressions Nursing Records

An interactive approach to investigate brightness perception of daylighting in Immersive Virtual Environments:Comparing subjective responses and quantitative metrics

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Building Simulation 2022年第1期15卷 41-68页

作者： Muhammad Hegazy Kensuke Yasufuku hirokazu Abe Graduate School of Engineering Osaka UniversityYamadaoka 2-1 Suita Osaka567-0047Japan Cybermedia Center Osaka UniversityJapan

Daylighting plays an eminent role in the performance of indoor environments and their occupants,thus necessitating the need to investigate daylight perception of potential occupants at early design stages.The present study introduces an interactive approach to collect and visualize brightness perception of daylighting in a large-scale immersive virtual environment using a game engine as a daylight simulation tool.The developed system allows users to explore building models freely at different day times set in virtual reality and report their perceptions in real time.Following a validation study(N=36)to investigate the consistency of brightness perceptions in a real environment and its virtual replica,a set of 24 participants were recruited to use the system to report their brightness perception in a virtual model of a daylit art museum,through snapshotting the scenes where they perceive as one of the following in terms of daylighting:(very dark,dark,bright,or very bright).Using an output of 419 snapshots,a"Perceptual Light Map"(PLM)was developed to visualize the collective brightness perception of participants as a heat map.Subjective responses were found to be positively correlated with four daylight metrics,with the highest correlation to mean luminance and the lowest to luminance ratio.The findings of this exploratory study represent a step towards a user-oriented supplement tool to the existing quantitative daylight metrics,validating game engines’adequacy as a daylight simulation tool,and illustrating the potentials of immersion and interaction principles for the perception of daylit spaces in virtual reality.

关键词： immersive virtual environment daylighting game engine human perception mean luminance

Risk prediction of common bile duct stone recurrence based on new common bile duct morphological subtypes

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2022年第8期14卷 874-876页

作者： hirokazu Saito Shuji Tada Department of Gastroenterology Kumamoto City HospitalKumamoto 862-8505Japan

Stones in the common bile duct(CBD) are reported worldwide, and this condition is majorly managed through endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP). CBD stone recurrence is an important issue after endoscopic stone removal. Therefore, it is essential to identify its risk factors to determine the necessity of regular follow-up in patients who underwent endoscopic removal of CBD stones. The authors identified that the S and polyline morphological subtypes of CBD were associated with increased stone recurrence. New morphological subtypes of CBD presented by the authors can be important risk predictors of recurrence after endoscopic stone removal. Furthermore, the new morphological subtypes of CBD may predict the risk of residual CBD stones or technical difficulty in CBD stone removal. Further studies with a large sample size and longer follow-up durations are warranted to examine the usefulness of the newly identified morphological subtypes of CBD in predicting the outcomes of ERCP for CBD stone removal.

关键词： Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography Common bile duct stone Stone removal Recurrence Common bile duct morphology Risk prediction

Disturbed passage of jejunal limb near esophageal hiatus after overlapped esophagojejunostomy following laparoscopic total gastrectomy

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2022年第11期14卷 1285-1296页

作者： hirokazu Noshiro Keiichiro Okuyama Yukie Yoda Department of Surgery Saga University Faculty of MedicineSaga 849-8501Japan Department of Surgery Saga UniversitySaga 849-8501Japan

BACKGROUND Overlapped esophagojejunostomy(OEJ) is a secure purely laparoscopic reconstruction after laparoscopic total gastrectomy(LTG). However, long-term surgical results have not been documented well.AIM In this paper, we report unusual patients who manifested jejunal limb stricture near the esophageal hiatus without anastomotic stenosis during long-term observation after surgery.METHODS From April 2009 until May 2020, we retrospectively reviewed 211 patients underwent LTG following by OEJ for gastric carcinoma and took a standard surveillance program. We aimed to characterize a novel complicated disorder observed in these patients to assist treatment and prevention.RESULTS Five patients(2.4%) had unusual jejunal limb stricture after LTG and OEJ,occurring at a mean of 10 mo after initial radical LTG. All five patients had disturbed oral intake and marked weight loss, and two had aspiration pneumonia.Various diagnostic modalities and intraoperative findings in each patient revealed an intact anastomosis, bent or tortuous jejunal limb resulting from loose fibrous adhesions on the left crus at the esophageal hiatus and no cancer recurrence. All five patients were successfully treated by reoperation for adhesiolysis, division of the left crus and rearrangement of the jejunal limb.CONCLUSION Disturbed passage through the jejunal limb near the hiatus can occur after some types of OEJ following LTG. We speculate that it may result from a short remnant esophagus, excessive mobilization of the jejunal limb that permits bending or tortuosity and adhesions on the left crus at the hiatus. Prevention for this complication is possible during the original LTG procedure.

关键词： Laparoscopic total gastrectomy Overlapped esophagojejunostomy Anastomotic stenosis Adhesiolysis Gastric carcinoma

Community Insights:Citizen Participation in Kamaishi Unosumai Decade-Long Recovery from the Great East Japan Earthquake

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2023年第6期14卷 886-897页

Numerous scholars and researchers have long advocated for citizen engagement in post-disaster recovery and reconstruction initiatives,although unique opportunities and challenges in effectively implementing citizen engagement still exist.It has been 12 years since the Great East Japan Earthquake,where the government called for a citizen-centered recovery and reconstruction process,and reconstruction in most areas in the Tohoku region has almost been concluded.Using qualitative data acquired through interviews with the residents,field observations during the World Bosai Walk,and questionnaire and archival research,this study aimed to discuss the overall reconstruction of Unosumai in Iwate Prefecture,giving the residents'perspective on the benefits and challenges they faced in participating in recovery planning and reconstruction and how the community has been able to strengthen their participation in disaster reduction initiatives since the earthquake and tsunami.This discussion is crucial as it would effectively offer lessons on engaging residents in post-disaster recovery and reconstruction after mega-disasters.

关键词： Community participation Community perspective Japan Post-disaster Reconstruction Recovery planning

Assessing the Regional Economic Ripple Effect of Flood Disasters Based on a Spatial Computable General Equilibrium Model Considering Traffic Disruptions

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2023年第3期14卷 488-505页

作者： Lijiao Yang Xinge Wang Xinyu Jiang hirokazu Tatano School of Management Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China School of Management Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070China Research Institute of Digital Governance and Management Decision Innovation Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070China Disaster Prevention Research Institute Kyoto UniversityKyoto 611-0011Japan

With growing regional economic integration,transportation systems have become critical to regional development and economic vitality but vulnerable to disasters.However,the regional economic ripple effect of a disaster is difficult to quantify accurately,especially considering the cumulated influence of traffic disruptions.This study explored integrating transportation system analysis with economic modeling to capture the regional economic ripple effect.A state-of-the-art spatial computable general equilibrium model is leveraged to simulate the operation of the economic system,and the marginal rate of transport cost is introduced to reflect traffic network damage post-disaster.The model is applied to the 50-year return period flood in2020 in Hubei Province,China.The results show the following.First,when traffic disruption costs are considered,the total output loss of non-affected areas is 1.81 times than before,and non-negligible losses reach relatively remote zones of the country,such as the Northwest Comprehensive Economic Zone(36%of total ripple effects).Second,traffic disruptions have a significant hindering effect on regional trade activities,especially in the regional intermediate input—about three times more than before.The industries most sensitive to traffic disruptions were transportation,storage,and postal service(5 times),and processing and assembly manufacturing(4.4 times).Third,the longer the distance,the stronger traffic disruptions'impact on interregional intermediate inputs.Thus,increasing investment in transportation infrastructure significantly contributes to mitigating disaster ripple effects and accelerating the process of industrial recovery in affected areas.

关键词： Economic ripple effect Floods Spatial computable general equilibrium model Supply chain damage Traffic disruption

Estimating the Economic Effects of the Early Covid-19Emergency Response in Cities Using Intracity Travel Intensity Data

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2022年第1期13卷 125-138页

作者： Lijiao Yang Caiyun Wei Xinyu Jiang Qian Ye hirokazu Tatano School of Management Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070China Academy of Disaster Reduction and Emergency Management Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Disaster Prevention Research Institute Kyoto UniversityKyoto 611-0011Japan

In the early days of the Covid-19 pandemic,China implemented the most stringent and serious emergency response.To understand the effect of such an emergency response strategy on the economic system,this study proposed a simultaneous overall estimation method using intracity travel intensity data.The overall effect is represented by the difference between intracity travel intensity with and without the emergency response.Using historical data and time series analysis,we compared intracity travel intensity post China’s implementation of the emergency response with predicted intracity travel intensity without such a response.The loss rates,defined by the proportion of intracity travel intensity loss,were calculated for 360 cities within 33 provincial-level regions in China based on data availability.We found that 30 days after the emergency response,21% of the cities saw over 80% recovery and 10% of the cities showed more than 90% recovery;45 days after the emergency response,more than 83% of the 360 cities witnessed 80% recovery.The correlation between gross domestic production loss rate and travel intensity loss rate was studied quantitatively to demonstrate the representativeness of the intracity travel intensity loss rate.This indicator was also used to analyze the spatial and temporal patterns of the effects on the economy.The results of this study can help us understand the economic effects caused by the early Covid-19 emergency response and the method can be a reference for fast and real-time economic loss estimation to support emergency response decision making under pandemic conditions.

关键词： China Covid-19 Emergency response Economic impact assessment Intracity travel intensity

Multistate Models for the Recovery Process in the Covid-19 Context:An Empirical Study of Chinese Enterprises

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2022年第3期13卷 401-414页

作者： Lijiao Yang Yu Chen Xinyu Jiang hirokazu Tatano School of Management Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin150001China School of Management Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan430070China Disaster Prevention Research Institute Kyoto UniversityKyoto611-0011Japan

The Covid-19 pandemic has severely affected enterprises worldwide.It is thus of practical significance to study the process of enterprise recovery from Covid-19.However,the research on the effects of relevant determinants of business recovery is limited.This article presents a multistate modeling framework that considers the determinants,recovery time,and transition likelihood of Chinese enterprises by the state of those enterprises as a result of the pandemic(recovery state),with the help of an accelerated failure time model.Empirical data from 750 enterprises were used to evaluate the recovery process.The results indicate that the main problems facing non-manufacturing industries are supply shortages and order cancellations.With the increase of supplies and orders,the probability of transition between different recovery states gradually increases,and the recovery time of enterprises becomes shorter.For manufacturing industries,the factors that hinder recovery are more complex.The main problems are employee panic and order cancellations in the initial stage,employee shortages in the middle stage,and raw material shortages in the full recovery stage.This study can provide a reference for enterprise recovery in the current pandemic context and help policymakers and business managers take necessary measures to accelerate recovery.

关键词： Accelerated failure time model China Covid-19 Enterprise recovery process Multistate model Recovery state