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Divergence time calibrations for ancient lineages of Ascomycota classification based on a modern review of estimations

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Fungal Diversity 2019年第3期96卷 285-346页

作者： Milan C.Samarakoon Kevin D.Hyde Sinang Hongsanan Eric H.C.McKenzie hiran a.ariyawansa Itthayakorn Promputtha Xiang-Yu Zeng Qing Tian Jian-Kui(Jack)Liu Center for Informational Biology School of Life Science and TechnologyUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 611731People’s Republic of China Guizhou Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology Guizhou Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuiyang 550006People’s Republic of China Center of Excellence in Fungal Research Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand Department of Biology Faculty of ScienceChiang Mai UniversityChiang Mai 50200Thailand Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of ScienceKunming 650201YunnanPeople’s Republic of China Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic Engineering College of Life Sciences and OceanographyShenzhen UniversityShenzhenPeople’s Republic of China Manaaki Whenua Landcare Research Private Bag 92170AucklandNew Zealand Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology College of Bio-Resources and AgricultureNational Taiwan UniversityNo.1Sec.4Roosevelt RoadTaipei 106TaiwanROC Environmental Science Research Center Faculty of ScienceChiang Mai UniversityChiang Mai 50200Thailand

Inaccurate taxonomic placement of fossils can lead to the accumulation of errors in molecular clock studies and their generated evolutionary *** are limited fossil data that can be used in divergence time ***,reliable morphological characterization and taxonomical identification of fossil fungi are extremely *** fossils of Dothideomycetes and Sordariomycetes are from the early Cenozoic(66-23 Mya),with fewer from the late Mesozoic(174-145 Mya).However,it is hard to distinguish some fossil descriptions as photographs and illustrations are unclear;thus,the validity of using these fossils in calibrations of molecular clocks is *** study brings scattered paleobiological data on selected fossil Ascomycota,using descriptions,fossil images and illustrations,coupled with recent age estimations,and taxonomic and phylogenetic affinity of extant *** an integrated approach,this study summarizes a historical fossil outline with a reliable minimum age for 16 calibrating points *** of Aigialus,Anzia,Aspergillus,Asterina,Calicium chlorosporum–***,Capnodiales,Chaenotheca,Colletotrichum,Diaporthales,Meliola,Ophiocordyceps,Microthyriales,Microthyrium,Muyocopron,Pezizomycotina and Stigmatomyces.A scheme of Ascomycota ancient lineages is also provided in order to improve divergence time estimations.

关键词： Fossil fungi Morphological characterization Phylogeny Taxonomy Two new combinations

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Dothideales

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Fungal Diversity 2014年第5期68卷 105-158页

作者： Kasun M.Thambugala hiran a.ariyawansa Yan-Mei Li Saranyaphat Boonmee Sinang Hongsanan Qing Tian Chonticha Singtripop D.Jayarama Bhat Erio Camporesi Ruvishika Jayawardena Zuo-Yi Liu Jian-Chu Xu Ekachai Chukeatirote Kevin D.Hyde Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of ScienceKunming 650201YunnanChina World Agroforestry Centre East and Central AsiaKunming 650201YunnanChina Institute of Excellence in Fungal Research Chiang Rai 57100Thailand School of Science Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand Guizhou Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology Guizhou Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuiyangGuizhou 550006People’s Republic of China International Fungal Research and Development Centre Key Laboratory of Resource Insect Cultivation&Utilization State Forestry AdministrationThe Research Institute of Resource InsectsChinese Academy of ForestryKunming 650224People’s Republic of China Department of Botany Goa UniversityGoa 403206India A.M.B.Gruppo Micologico Forlivese“Antonio Cicognani” Via Roma 18ForlìItaly A.M.B.Circolo Micologico“Giovanni Carini” C.P.314BresciaItaly Societàper gli Studi Naturalistici della Romagna C.P.144BagnacavalloRAItaly

The type specimens or representative specimens of the potentially dothidealean genera Bagnisiella,Botryochora,Coccostromella,Columnosphaeria,Delphinel la,Dictyodothis,Discosphaerina,Dothidea,Dothiora,Endodothiora,Jaffuela,Mycoporis,Omphalospora,Pachysacca,Plowrightia,Saccothecium,Stylodothis,Sydowia and Yoshinagaia were examined while,fresh specimens of Aureobasidium pullulans,Dothidea insculpta,Plowrightia ribesia and Saccothecium sepincola were made from Italy and *** introduction and the history of these genera,their family placement,morphology,and molecular phylogeny are *** plus GenBank data are used to provide a systematic treatment of *** analysis of LSU,SSU and ITS gene regions was carried out and in the resulting phylogenetic tree the taxa cluster in two clades with high bootstrap *** A comprises Dothideaceae,the family type of *** family Dothioraceae is not recognized as a distinct family and is synonymized under *** is introduced to accommodate Cylindroseptoria pistaciae as it forms a well-supported distinct clade in *** B comprises Aureobasidium,Kabatiella,Pseudoseptoria,Saccothecium and Selenophoma species and Columnosphaeria fagi,for which we propose a new family,*** recently introduced Sydowia eucalypti also clustered within Clade B and therefore based on morphology and molecular phylogeny a new genus Pseudosydowia is introduced for Sydowia *** laricicola is separated in a distinct clade,and therefore it is placed in Dothideales,genera,incertae *** genera Bagnisiella,Botryochora,Coccostromella,Jaffuela,Lucidascocarpa,Mycoporis,Omphalospora,Pachysacca and Yoshinagaia are excluded from Dothideales and their placements are discussed.

关键词： Ascomycota Aureobasidiaceae Dothideaceae Dothideomycetes Dothioraceae Molecular phylogeny morphology taxonomy

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Towards a natural classification and backbone tree for Lophiostomataceae,Floricolaceae,and Amorosiaceae ***.

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Fungal Diversity 2015年第5期74卷 199-266页

作者： Kasun M.Thambugala Kevin D.Hyde Kazuaki Tanaka Qing Tian Dhanushka N.Wanasinghe hiran a.ariyawansa Subashini C.Jayasiri Saranyaphat Boonmee Erio Camporesi Akira Hashimoto Kazuyuki Hirayama RenéK.Schumacher Itthayakorn Promputtha Zuo-Yi Liu Guizhou Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology Guizhou Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuiyangGuizhou 550006People’s Republic of China Center of Excellence in Fungal Research Chiang Rai 57100Thailand School of Science Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of ScienceKunming 650201YunnanChina Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences Hirosaki University3 Bunkyo-cho HirosakiAomori 036-8561Japan The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences Iwate University18-8 Ueda 3 chomeMorioka 020-8550Japan Apple Experiment Station Aomori Prefectural Agriculture and Forestry Research Center24 FukutamiBotandairaKuroishiAomori 036-0332Japan Department of Biology Faculty of ScienceChiang Mai UniversityChiang Mai 50200Thailand A.M.B.Gruppo Micologico Forlivese BAntonio Cicognani Via Roma 18ForlìItaly A.M.B.Circolo Micologico BGiovanni Carini C.P.314 BresciaItaly Hölderlinsraße 25 15517 Fürstenwalde/SpreeGermany

The genera Lophiostoma,Misturatosphaeria and several other allied taxa in Lophiostomataceae are *** of these taxa,including their history,morphology,and family placement,based on molecular phylogeny,are *** or representative specimens of Lophiostoma and Misturatosphaeria were examined and fresh specimens were obtained from Germany,Italy,Japan and Thailand.A multi-gene phylogenetic analysis of the lophiostomataceous genera Floricola,Lophiostoma,Misturatosphaeria and related taxa is *** genera including Lophiostoma,Lophiohelichrysum,Dimorphiopsis,Platystomum and Vaginatispora,plus eleven newly introduced genera Biappendiculispora,Alpestrisphaeria,Capulatispora,Coelodictyosporium,Guttulispora,Lophiopoacea,Neotrematosphaeria,Paucispora,Pseudolophiostoma,Pseudoplatystomum and Sigarispora are accepted in Lophiostomataceae based on morphology and *** caulium,Lophiostoma arundinis and Lophiostoma caudatum are accommodated in *** winteri and Lophiostoma fuckelii are placed in the genera Lophiopoacea and Vaginatispora *** Curreya species and Misturatosphaeria claviformis are transferred to a new genus,*** other Misturatosphaeria species except Misturatosphaeria aurantiinotata and *** are separated in the new genera Asymmetrispora,Aurantiascoma,Magnibotryascoma,Pseudoaurantiascoma and Pseudomisturatosphaeria based on their morphological and phylogenetic *** new genus,Ramusculicola is introduced for a new collection from *** seven new genera are accommodated in a new family Floricolaceae,together with Floricola and *** massarina-like species clustered as a sister clade to Amorosia littoralis and are accommodated in a new genus Angustimassarina.A new family Amorosiaceae is proposed to accommodate the genera Amorosia and *** putatively named species Decaisnella formosa and Thyridaria macrostomoides form a s

关键词： Dothideomycetes Floricola Lophiostoma Misturatosphaeria Multi-gene phylogeny new species new genus Pleosporales taxonomy

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Towards a natural classification and backbone tree for Pleosporaceae

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Fungal Diversity 2015年第2期71卷 85-139页

作者： hiran a.ariyawansa Kasun M.Thambugala Dimuthu S.Manamgoda Ruvishika Jayawardena Erio Camporesi Saranyaphat Boonmee Dhanushka N.Wanasinghe R.Phookamsak Singang Hongsanan Chonticha Singtripop Ekachai Chukeatirote Ji-Chuan Kang E.B.Gareth Jones Kevin D.Hyde Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201People’s Republic of China World Agroforestry Centre East Asia and CentralHeilongtanKunming 650201People’s Republic of China The Engineering and Research Center for Southwest Bio-Pharmaceutical Resources of National Education Ministry of China Guizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025Guizhou ProvinceChina School of Science Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand Institute of Excellence in Fungal Research Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand A.M.B.Gruppo Micologico Forlivese"Antonio Cicognani" Via Roma 18ForlìItaly Department of Botany and Microbiology King Saudi UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia

The family Pleosporaceae includes numerous saprobic,opportunistic human,and plant pathogenic *** classification of genera and species Pleosporaceae has been a major challenge due to the lack of a clear understanding of the importance of the morphological characters used to distinguish taxa as well as the lack of reference *** treatments concluded that Pleospora and some other genera in Pleosporaceae are likely *** order to establish the evolutionary relationships and to resolve the polyphyletic nature of Pleospora and allied genera,we sequenced the 18S nrDNA,28S nrDNA,ITS,GAPDH,RPB2 and TEF1-alpha gene regions of Pleosporaceae species and phylogenetically analysed this *** phylogenies strongly support the monophyletic nature of Pleosporaceae among the other families in Pleosporales,and the acceptance of the genera Alternaria,Bipolaris,Clathrospora,Comoclathris,Curvularia,Dactuliophora,Decorospora,Diademosa,Exserohilum,Extrawettsteinina,Gibbago,Neocamarosporium,Paradendryphiella,Platysporoides,Pleospora,Porocercospora,Pseudoyuconia and ***,Dendryphion,Edenia and Macrospora are excluded from the family based on morphology coupled with molecular *** novel species,Alternaria murispora in this paper and Comoclathris sedi are *** sexual morph of Alternaria alternata is re-described and illustrated using modern concepts from fresh *** paraphyletic nature of Pleospora is resolved based on the available morpho-molecular data,but further sampling with fresh collections,reference or ex-type strains and molecular data are needed to obtain a natural classification of genera and the family.

关键词： Backbone tree Dothideomycetes Pleosporales Plant pathogens Saprobes

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A molecular phylogenetic reappraisal of the Didymosphaeriaceae(=Montagnulaceae)

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Fungal Diversity 2014年第5期68卷 69-104页

作者： hiran a.ariyawansa Kazuaki Tanaka Kasun M.Thambugala Rungtiwa Phookamsak Qing Tian Erio Camporesi Sinang Hongsanan Jutamart Monkai Dhanushka N.Wanasinghe Ausanan Mapook Ekachai Chukeatirote Ji-Chuan Kang Jian-Chu Xu Eric H.C.McKenzie E.B.Gareth Jones Kevin D.Hyde Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201People’s Republic of China World Agroforestry Centre East Asia and CentralHeilongtanKunming 650201People’s Republic of China The Engineering and Research Center for Southwest Bio-Pharmaceutical Resources of National Education Ministry of China Guizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025Guizhou ProvinceChina School of Science Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand Institute of Excellence in Fungal Research Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand Faculty of Agriculture and Life Science Hirosaki University3 Bunkyo-choHirosakiAomori 036-8561Japan A.M.B.Gruppo Micologico Forlivese“Antonio Cicognani” Via Roma 18ForlìItaly Manaaki Whenua Landcare Research Private Bag92170 AucklandNew Zealand Department of Botany and Microbiology King Saudi UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia

The ascomycetous families,Didymosphaeriaceae and Montagnulaceae,have been treated in Pleosporales,Dothideomycetes,and both include saprobes,endophytes and pathogens associated with a wide variety of substrates *** was characterized by 1-septate ascospores and trabeculate pseudoparaphyses,mainly anastomosing above the asci,while species in Montagnulaceae had 1 to multi-septate ascospores and generally cellular *** recent treatments,Bimuria,Didymocrea,Kalmusia,Karstenula,Montagnula,Paraphaeosphaeria,Paraconiothyrium and Letendraea were placed in Montagnulaceae,while only Didymosphaeria has been placed in *** morphological and molecular data from recent collections have become available and thus the understanding of the families can be *** on analyses of concatenated internal transcribed spacer(ITS)with LSU,SSU andβ-tubulin gene sequences,the taxonomy of the genera classified in these families are *** phylogenetic analyses conclude that,the recently introduced Didymosphaeria rubi-ulmifolii with Paraconiothyrium brasi liense species complex,Alloconiothyrium,Bimuria,Deniquelata,Didymocrea,Kalmusia,Karstenula,Letendraea,Montagnula,Neokalmusia,Paraconiothyrium,Paraphaeosphaeria,Phaeodothis and Tremateia,forms a robust clade named here *** therefore synonymize Montagnulaceae under Didymosphaeriaceae which is the oldest name and has priority and provide a update account of the *** is represented by Didymosphaeria rubi-ulmifolii.A new genus,Neokalmusia,is introduced in the family to accommodate the bambusi colous taxa Kalmusia brevispora and *** introduction is based on molecular data coupled with *** new species,Paraconiothyrium magnoliae and the sexual morph of Paraconiothyrium fuckelii,is also *** and Barria are assigned to the family based on morphological similarity with ***(previously referre

关键词： Didymosphaeriaceae Montagnulaceae New species Phylogeny rDNA β-tubulin

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The families Distoseptisporaceae ***.,Kirschsteiniotheliaceae,Sporormiaceae and Torulaceae,with new species from freshwater in Yunnan Province,China

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Fungal Diversity 2016年第5期80卷 375-409页

作者： HongYan Su Kevin D.Hyde Sajeewa S.N.Maharachchikumbura hiran a.ariyawansa ZongLong Luo Itthayakorn Promputtha Qing Tian ChuanGen Lin QiuJu Shang YongChang Zhao HongMei Chai XiaoYing Liu Ali H.Bahkali Jayarama D.Bhat Eric H.C.McKenzie DeQun Zhou Faculty of Environmental Sciences&Engineering Kunming University of Science&TechnologyKunming 650500YunnanChina College of Agriculture and Biology Dali UniversityDaliYunnan 671003China Center of Excellence in Fungal Research Mae Fah LuangUniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand Guizhou Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology Guizhou Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuiyangGuizhou 550006People’s Republic of China Department of Botany and Microbiology King Saudi UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia School of Science Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand Departent of Biology Chiang Mai UniversityChiang MaiThailand Institute of Biotechnology and Germplasmic Resources Yunnan Academy of Agricultural SciencesKunming 650223People’s Republic of China College of Basic Medicine Dali UniversityDaliYunnan 671000China No.128/1-J Azad Housing SocietyCurcaP.OGoa Velha 403108India Department of Botany Goa UniversityGoa 403206India Manaaki Whenua Landcare Research Private Bag 92170AucklandNew Zealand

During a north–south latitudinal survey of aquatic fungi on submerged wood and herbaceous material in streams in the Asian region,we collected several hyphomycetous *** paper is part of a series where we provide illustrated accounts of these taxa and place them in a natural classification in the *** sequence based phylogenies in recent literature have shown that Dendryphion,Sporidesmium and Torula-like species are polyphyletic in the phylum Ascomycota and their taxonomyhas been problematic due to a lack of understanding of the importance of morphological characters used to delimit taxa,as well as the lack of ex-type or reference *** on multi-locus phylogenies together with morphology,we propose the novel family Distoseptisporaceae(Sordariomycetes)and three novel genera Neotorula(Pleosporales,Dothideomycetes),Distoseptispora(Sordariomycetes)and Pseudosporidesmium(Sordariomycetes).In addition,Dendryphion aquaticum,***,Distoseptispora fluminicola,***,Kirschsteiniothelia submersa,Neotorula aquatica,Sporidesmium aquaticum,*** and *** are introduced as new *** knawiae *** proposed to accommodate Sporidesmium knawiae in *** polyphyletic nature of Dendryphion,Sporidesmium and Torula-like species are partially resolved,but further sampling with fresh collections and molecular data of species are needed to obtain a natural classification.

关键词： Asexual fungi Dothideomycetes Freshwater fungi Hyphomycetes New species Phylogeny Sordariomycetes

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Integrative approaches for species delimitation in Ascomycota

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Fungal Diversity 2021年第4期109卷 155-179页

作者： Sajeewa S.N.Maharachchikumbura Yanpeng Chen hiran a.ariyawansa Kevin D.Hyde Danny Haelewaters Rekhani H.Perera Milan C.Samarakoon Dhanushka N.Wanasinghe Danilo E.Bustamante Jian-Kui Liu Daniel P.Lawrence Ratchadawan Cheewangkoon Marc Stadler School of Life Science and Technology University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 611731People’s Republic of China Entomology and Plant Pathology Department Faculty of AgricultureChiang Mai UniversityChiang MaiThailand Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology College of Bio-Resources and AgricultureNational Taiwan UniversityTaipei City 10617Taiwan Center of Excellence in Fungal Research Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand Research Group Mycology Department of BiologyGhent University9000 GhentBelgium Faculty of Science University of South Bohemia37005 Ceske BudejoviceCzech Republic Center for Mountain Futures Kunming Institute of BotanyHonghe County 654400YunnanPeople’s Republic of China Instituto de Investigación Para el Desarrollo Sustentable de Ceja de Selva(INDES-CES) Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de MendozaChachapoyasAmazonasPeru Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering(FICIAM) Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de MendozaChachapoyasAmazonasPeru Department of Plant Pathology University of CaliforniaDavisDavisCAUSA Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research GmbH Department Microbial Drugs and German Centre for Infection Research(DZIF)Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig38124 BraunschweigGermany Institute of Microbiology Technische Universität BraunschweigInhoffenstraße 738124 BraunschweigGermany

Biodiversity loss from disturbances caused by human activities means that species are disappearing at an ever increasing *** high number of species that have yet to be described have generated extreme crisis to the ***,more than in any other era,effective ways to discover and delimitate species are *** paper reviews the historically fore-most approaches used to delimit species in Ascomycota,the most speciose phylum of *** include morphological,biological,and phylogenetic species *** argue that a single property to delineate species boundaries has various defects and each species concept comes with its own advantages and *** the rate of species discovery has increased because of the advancement of phylogenetic ***,traditional phylogenetic methods with few gene regions lack species-level resolution,and do not allow unambiguous *** detail the processes that affect gene tree heterogeneity,which acts as barriers to delimiting species boundaries in classical low-rank *** far,limited insights were given to the DNA-based methodologies to establish well-supported boundaries among fungal *** addition to reviewing concepts and methodologies used to delimit species,we present a case *** applied differ-ent species delimitation methods to understand species boundaries in the plant pathogenic and cryptic genus Phyllosticta(Dothideomycetes,Botryosphaeriales).Several DNA-based methods over-split the taxa while in some methods several taxa fall into a single *** problems can be resolved by using multiple loci and coalescence-based ***,we discuss integrative approaches that are crucial for understanding species boundaries within Ascomycota and provide several examples for ideal and pragmatic approaches of species delimitation.

关键词： Ascomycetes Phylogenetics Species concept Systematics

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Special issue:The contributions of Erio Camporesi

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Fungal Diversity 2020年第1期100卷 1-3页

作者： Chayanard Phukhamsakda Nalin N.Wijayawardene hiran a.ariyawansa Indunil C.Senanayake Wen-Jing Li Dhanushka N.Wanasinghe Rungtiwa Phookamsak Qing Tian Dinushani A.Daranagama Kasun M.Thambugala Saowaluck Tibpromma Anusha H.Ekanayaka Marc Stadler Kevin D.Hyde Center of Excellence in Fungal Research Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201YunnanPeople’s Republic of China Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology College of Bio-Resources and AgricultureNational Taiwan UniversityTaipeiTaiwan Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic Engineering College of Life Sciences and OceanographyShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060People’s Republic of China East and Central Asia Regional Office World Agroforestry Centre(ICRAF)Kunming 650201YunnanPeople’s Republic of China Centre for Mountain Futures(CMF) Kunming Institute of BotanyKunming 650201YunnanPeople’s Republic of China Mushroom Research Foundation 128 M.3 Ban Pa Deng T.Pa PaeA.Mae TaengChiang Mai 50150Thailand Industrial Science and Management(International Program) Faculty of Science and TechnologyThammasat University(Rangsit Center)Klong Luang 12121PathumthaniThailand Department of Biology Faculty of ScienceChiang Mai UniversityChiang Mai 50200Thailand Department of Microbial Drugs Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research and German Centre for Infection Research(DZIF)Partner Site Hannover/BraunschweigInhoffenstrasse 738124 BrunswickGermany Center for Yunnan Plateau Biological Resources Protection and Utilization College of Biological Resource and Food EngineeringQujing Normal UniversityQujing 655011YunnanPeople’s Republic of China Department of Plant and Molecular Biology Faculty of ScienceUniversity of KelaniyaSri LankaKelaniyaSri Lanka

We are proud to publish a special issue of Fungal Diversity in honour of the contributions made by Erio Camporesi,who has promoted mycological research as a prodigious amateur mycologist and collector of *** special issue includes Fungal Diversity notes 11,with many taxa named in Erio’s honour and a monograph of hyaline-spored Coelomycetes,both incorporating many of Erio’s collections.

关键词： contributions include collection

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Revision and phylogeny of Leptosphaeriaceae

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Fungal Diversity 2015年第5期74卷 19-51页

作者： hiran a.ariyawansa Chayanard Phukhamsakda Kasun M.Thambugala Timur S.Bulgakov Dhanushka N.Wanasinghe Rekhani H.Perera Ausana Mapook Erio Camporesi Ji-Chuan Kang E.B.Gareth Jones Ali H.Bahkali Subashini C.Jayasiri Kevin D.Hyde Zuo-Yi Liu J.D.Bhat Guizhou Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology Guizhou Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuiyangGuizhou 550006People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201People’s Republic of China World Agroforestry Centre East Asia and CentralHeilongtanKunming 650201People’s Republic of China The Engineering and Research Center for Southwest Bio-Pharmaceutical Resources of National Education Ministry of China Guizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025Guizhou ProvincePeople’s Republic of China School of Science Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand Center of Excellence in Fungal Research Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand A.M.B.Gruppo Micologico Forlivese BAntonio Cicognani Via Roma 18ForlìItaly Department of Botany and Microbiology King Saudi UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia Academy of Biology and Biotechnology(Department of Biological Sciences) Southern Federal UniversityRostov-on-Don 344090Russia

Leptosphaeriaceae is a family in the order Pleosporales comprising economically important plant *** may also be endophytes or saprobes on various host *** recent classifications Alternariaster,Leptosphaeria,Neophaeosphaeria,Paraleptosphaeria,Heterospora,Subplenodomus and Plenodomus were included in the *** taxonomy of genera and species in Leptosphaeriaceae has been problematic due to the lack of understanding of the importance of morphological characters used to distinguish taxa,as well as the lack of reference *** order to establish evolutionary relationships and to provide a backbone tree for Leptosphaeria and allied genera,we sequenced the 18S nrDNA,28S nrDNA,ITS,RPB2,TEF and ACT gene regions of Leptosphaeriaceae species and analysed this ***-locus phylogenies together with morphology robustly support the monophyletic nature of Leptosphaeriaceae among the other families in Pleosporales,and the inclusion of the genera Alternariaster,Heterospora,Leptosphaeria,Paraleptosphaeria,Sphaerellopsis,Subplenodomus,Plenodomus and three novel genera Alloleptosphaeria,Neoleptosphaeria and *** new species,Alternariaster centaureae-diffusae,Leptosphaeria cichorium,Paraleptosphaeria rubi,Plenodomus guttulatus and *** are *** account of sexual morph of Alternariaster centaureae-diffusae is provided,and the sexual morph of Leptosphaeria doliolum is re-described and illustrated using modern concepts from fresh collections.A novel family Neophaeosphaeriaceae is established to accommodate the genus Neophaeosphaeria and its species.

关键词： Dothideomycetes Leptosphaeria Paraleptosphaeria Plenodomus Plant pathogens Neophaeosphaeria

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Epitypification and neotypification:guidelines with appropriate and inappropriate examples

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Fungal Diversity 2014年第6期69卷 57-91页

作者： hiran a.ariyawansa David L.Hawksworth Kevin D.Hyde E.B.Gareth Jones Sajeewa S.N.Maharachchikumbura Dimuthu S.Manamgoda Kasun M.Thambugala Dhanushka Udayanga Erio Camporesi Anupama Daranagama Ruvishika Jayawardena Jian-Kui Liu Eric H.C.McKenzie Rungtiwa Phookamsak Indunil C.Senanayake Roger G.Shivas Qing Tian Jian-Chu Xu Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of ScienceKunming 650201YunnanChina World Agroforestry Centre East and Central AsiaKunming 650201YunnanChina Institute of Excellence in Fungal Research School of ScienceMae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand Departamento de Biología Vegetal II Facultad de FarmaciaUniversidad Complutense de MadridPlaza Ramón y CajalMadrid 28040Spain Department of Life Sciences The Natural History MuseumCromwell RoadLondon SW75BDUK Mycology Section Royal Botanic GardensKewRichmond Surrey TW93DSUK Department of Botany and Microbiology King Saudi UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia A.M.B.Gruppo Micologico Forlivese“Antonio Cicognani” Via Roma18ForlìItaly Manaaki Whenua Landcare Research Private Bag 92170 AucklandNew Zealand Plant Pathology Herbarium Agri-Science Queensland40 Boggo RoadDutton ParkQld 4102Australia

review of phylogenetic studies carried out together with morphological ones shows that a major problem with most early studies is that they concentrated on techniques and used material or strains of fungi that in most cases were not carefully reference,and in a worrying number of cases wrongly *** classical species,particularly of microfungi,are not represented by adequate type material,or other authoritatively identified cultures or specimens,that can serve as DNA sources for phylogenetic study,or for developing robust identification *** classifications of fungi therefore suffer fromthe lack of reference strains in resultant phylogenetic *** some cases,epitypification and neotypification can solve this problem and these tools are increasingly used to resolve taxonomic confusion and stabilize the understanding of species,genera,families,or orders of *** manuscript discusses epitypification and neotypification,describes how to epitypify or neotypify species and examines the importance of this process.A set of guidelines for epitypification is *** where taxa have been epitypified are presented and the benefits and problems of epitypification are *** examples of epitypification,or to provide reference specimens,a new epitype is designated for Paraphaeosphaeria michotii and reference specimens are provided for Astrosphaeriella stellata,***,Phaeosphaeria elongata,Ophiobolus cirsii,and *** this way we demonstrate how to epitypify taxa and its importance,and also illustrate the value of proposing reference specimens if epitypification is not *** we provided guidelines for epitypification,the decision to epitypify or not lies with the author,who should have experience of the fungus *** responsibility is to be taken seriously,as once a later typification is made,it may not be possible to undo that,particularly in the case of epitypes,without using the lengthy and tedious f

关键词： Epitype Generic types Molecular data Nomenclature Systematics Taxonomy Typification

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