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The deterministic condition for the ground reaction force acting point on the combined knee valgus and tibial internal rotation moments in early phase of cutting maneuvers in female athletes

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第3期13卷 376-386页

作者： Issei Ogasawara Ken Ohta Gajanan S.Revankar Shoji Konda Yohei Shimokochi Hideyuki koga Ken Nakata Department of Health and Sport Sciences Graduate School of MedicineOsaka UniversityToyonaka 560-0043Japan Sports Sensing Co. LTD.Fukuoka 815-0035Japan Department of Neurology Graduate School of MedicineOsaka UniversitySuita 565-0871Japan Department of Health and Sport Management Osaka University of Health and Sport SciencesSennan-gun 590-0496Japan Department of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesTokyo Medical and Dental UniversityBunkyo-ku 113-8519Japan

Background:Combined knee valgus and tibial internal rotation(VL+IR)moments have been shown to stress the anterior cruciate ligament(ACL)in several in vitro cadaveric *** utilize this knowledge for non-contact ACL injury prevention in sports,it is necessary to elucidate how the ground reaction force(GRF)acting point(center of pressure(CoP))in the stance foot produces combined knee VL+IR moments in risky maneuvers,such as ***,the effects of the GRF acting point on the development of the combined knee VL+IR moment in cutting are still ***:We first established the deterministic mechanical condition that the CoP position relative to the tibial rotational axis differentiates the GRF vector’s directional probability for developing the combined knee VL+IR moment,and theoretically predicted that when the CoP is posterior to the tibial rotational axis,the GRF vector is more likely to produce the combined knee VL+IR moment than when the CoP is anterior to the tibial rotational ***,we tested a stochastic aspect of our theory in a lab-controlled in vivo *** females performed 60˚cutting under forefoot/rearfoot strike conditions(10 trials each).The positions of lower limb markers and GRF data were measured,and the knee moment due to GRF vector was *** trials were divided into anterior-and posterior-CoP groups depending on the CoP position relative to the tibial rotational axis at each 10 ms interval from 0 to 100 ms after foot strike,and the occurrence rate of the combined knee VL+IR moment was compared between trial ***:The posterior-CoP group showed significantly higher occurrence rates of the combined knee VL+IR moment(maximum of 82.8%)at every time point than those of the anterior-CoP trials,as theoretically predicted by the deterministic mechanical ***:The rearfoot strikes inducing the posterior CoP should be avoided to reduce the risk of non-contact ACL injury associated with the com

关键词： Center of pressure Deterministic condition Foot strike pattern Injury mechanism Moment of ground reaction force

Pulmonary artery diameter ratio as a prognostic indicator of congenital diaphragmatic hernia

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World Journal of Pediatric Surgery 2024年第1期7卷 20-25页

作者： Yuichiro Miyake hir.yuki koga Shuko Nojiri Shunsuke Yamada Takanori Ochi Go Miyano Geoffrey J Lane Atsuyuki Yamataka Tadaharu Okazaki Department of Pediatric General and Urogenital Surgery Juntendo University School of MedicineBunkyo-kuTokyoJapan Department of Medical Technology Innovation Center Juntendo UniversityBunkyo-ku TokyoJapan Department of Pediatric Surgery Juntendo University Urayasu HospitalUrayasuChibaJapan

Background Following on from an earlier study published in 2008 about left pulmonary artery(LPA)flow measured on serial echocardiography being strongly prognostic in left-sided congenital diaphragmatic hernia(CDH)and the ratio of LPA to right pulmonary artery(RPA)diameters being a simple and reliable indicator for commencing nitric oxide(NO)therapy,the ratio of LPA:RPA diameters(PA ratio orPAR)was hypothesized to possibly reflect cardiopulmonary stresses accompanying CDH *** Subjects with isolated left-sided CDH treated between 2007 and 2020 at a single pediatric surgical center were recruited and classified according to *** obtained retrospectively for subject demographics,clinical course,LPA/RPA diameters,and PAR were compared between survivors and *** value of PAR for optimizing the prognostic value of PA diameter data in CDH were analyzed with receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve *** Of 65 subjects,there were 54 survivors(82.3%)and 11 non-survivors(17.7%);7 of 11 non-survivors died before surgical repair could be *** PAR for survivors(0.851±0.152)was significantly higher than for non-survivors(0.672±0.108)(p=0.0003).Mean PAR for non-survivors was not affected by surgical *** of survivors were:LPA≥2 mm(n=52 of 54;mean PAR=0.866±0.146)and RPA≥3mm(n=46 of 54;mean PAR=0.857±0.152).Non-survivors with similar LPA and RPA diameters to survivors had significantly lower mean *** curve cut-off for PAR was *** with high PAR(≥0.762)required high-frequency oscillatory ventilation/NO less than subjects with low PAR(<0.762)(p=0.0244 and p=0.0485,respectively)and subjects with high PAR stabilized significantly earlier than subjects with low PAR(1.71±0.68 days vs 3.20±0.87 days)(p<0.0001).Conclusions PAR would appear to be strongly correlated with clinical outcome in CDH and be useful for planning management of cardiopulmonary instability in CDH.

关键词： hernia congenital diameters

Current clinical management of gastrointestinal stromal tumor

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第26期24卷 2806-2817页

作者： Kazuya Akahoshi Masafumi Oya Tadashi koga yuki Shiratsuchi Department of Gastroenterology Aso Iizuka Hospital Department of Pathology Aso Iizuka Hospital Department of Surgery Aso Iizuka Hospital

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors(GISTs) are the most common malignant subepithelial lesions(SELs) of the gastrointestinal tract. They originate from the interstitial cells of Cajal located within the muscle layer and are characterized by over-expression of the tyrosine kinase receptor KIT. Pathologically, diagnosis of a GIST relies on morphology and immunohistochemistry [KIT and/or discovered on gastrointestinal stromal tumor 1(DOG1) is generally positive]. The prognosis of this disease is associated with the tumor size and mitotic index. The standard treatment of a GIST without metastasis is surgical resection. A GIST with metastasis is usually only treated by tyrosine kinase inhibitors without radical cure; thus, early diagnosis is the only way to improve its prognosis. However, a GIST is usually detected as a SEL during endoscopy, and many benign and malignant conditions may manifest as SELs. Conventional endoscopic biopsy is difficult for tumors without ulceration. Most SELs have therefore been managed without a histological diagnosis. However, a favorable prognosis of a GIST is associated with early histological diagnosis and R0 resection. Endoscopic ultrasonography(EUS) and EUS-guided fine needle aspiration(EUSFNA) are critical for an accurate diagnosis of SELs. EUSFNA is safe and effective in enabling an early histological diagnosis and adequate treatment. This review outlines the current evidence for the diagnosis and management of GISTs, with an emphasis on early management of small SELs.

关键词： Gastrointestinal stromal tumor Endoscopic ultrasonography-guided fine needle aspiration Endoscopic ultrasonography Diagnosis Therapy

Microbiota in the stomach and application of probiotics to gastroduodenal diseases

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第47期28卷 6702-6715页

作者： Yasuhiro koga Japanese Society for Probiotic Science Isehara 259-1143Japan

The stomach is a hostile environment for most microbes because strong gastric acid kills indigenous ***,the mass of indigenous microbes detected by traditional culturing method in a highly acidic stomach is reported to be very ***,in a stomach with less acidity due to atrophic changes of the gastric mucosa,the number of live gastric microbiota dramatically increases and their composition changes.A probiotic is defined as a live microorganism that,when administered in adequate amounts,confers a health benefit on the *** administration of probiotics to the stomach has thus far been considered impractical,mainly due to the strong acidity in the *** identification of candidate probiotic strains with sufficient resistance to acidity and the ability to achieve close proximity to the gastric mucosa could enable the application of probiotics to the *** utilization of probiotics alone for Helicobacter pylori(***)infection significantly improves gastric mucosal inflammation and decreases the density of *** on the mucosa,although complete eradication of *** has not yet been *** use of probiotics in combination with antimicrobial agents significantly increases the *** eradication rate,especially when the *** strains are resistant to antimicrobial *** *** has been considered the most important pathogenic bacterium for the development of gastric cancer,bacteria other than *** are also suggested to be causative pathogens that promote the development of gastric cancer,even after the eradication of *** *** Gram-negative bacteria in the stomach with weak acidity accompanying atrophic gastritis may perpetuate gastric mucosal inflammation and accelerate carcinogenic progression,even after *** *** restore the acidity in this stomach environment and may therefore prevent the development of gastric cancer by termination of Gram-negative ba

关键词： Stomach Microbiota Probiotics Helicobacter pylori Post-eradication gastric cancers Functional dyspepsia

Beyond management to conquer life-threatening tumor thrombosis in hepatocellular carcinoma

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2022年第5期11卷 773-774页

作者： hironori koga Division of Gastroenterology Department of MedicineKurume University School of MedicineKurumeJapan

Hepatic vein tumor thrombus(HVTT),together with portal vein tumor thrombus(PVTT),is a major determinant of survival outcome in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).HVTT can be an oncologic emergency,especially when it invades beyond IVC into the right atrium,where it can cause sudden death from pulmonary *** studies using large numbers of patients are generally difficult in this relatively rare and urgent *** this context,the multicenter study conducted by Chen et *** significant,albeit retrospective(1).

关键词： hepatocellular thrombus al.

Advances in polymer-stabilized Au nano-cluster catalysis : Interplay of theoretical calculations and experiments

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Chinese Journal of Catalysis 2016年第10期37卷 1588-1593页

作者： hiroaki koga Yoshinori Ato Akihide Hayashi Kohei Tada Mitsutaka Okumura 京都大学催化剂与电池元素战略研究基地大阪大学科学研究院化学系

Polymer‐stabilized Au nano clusters （NCs） with mean diameters of 2–10 nm exhibit unique catalytic properties. Several studies have shown that the key factors affecting the catalytic activity of poly‐mer‐stabilized Au NCs are control of the Au NC size, appropriate selection of polymers and optimi‐zation of the reaction conditions. This is because polymer‐stabilized Au NCs exhibit a clear size effect in several catalytic reactions, and the catalytic activity differs with the type of polymer used and the reaction conditions. In order to elucidate the reason underlying the catalytic activity of the polymer‐stabilized Au NCs, much attention is being devoted to the interplay of theoretical calcula‐tions and experiments in catalysis by polymer stabilized Au NCs. The present article mainly summa‐rizes our progress in understanding this interplay in polymer‐stabilized Au NC catalysis.

关键词： Polymer-stabilized Au nano-clusterAerobic oxidation of alcoholsInterplay of theoretical calculations and experimentsSize effect ofAu nano-clusterRole of the polymers

Update on targeted therapy and immune therapy for gastric cancer, 2018

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Journal of Cancer Metastasis and Treatment 2018年第1期4卷 365-379页

作者： yuki Kiyozumi Masaaki Iwatsuki Kohei Yamashita yuki koga Naoya Yoshida Hideo Baba Department of Gastroenterological Surgery Kumamoto UniversityGraduate School of Medical SciencesKumamoto 860-8556Japan

Gastric cancer(GC)remains one of the most common cancers and serious health problems *** unresectable or metastatic advanced gastric cancer,chemotherapy treatment is first *** chemotherapy has improved survival in patients with advanced gastric cancer(AGC),the prognosis of these patients remains *** recent years,some therapies targeting biological molecules have been reported to prolong the survival of patients with *** trastuzumab,a monoclonal antibody that targets HER2,was established as standard therapy for unresectable GC in a HER2-positive patient,many other targets have been reported as new therapy *** molecular targeted therapies,such as HER2,VEGFR or EGFR,have been verified as established standard treatments with or without chemotherapy in clinical ***,immunotherapy is expected to be an effective treatment with promising clinical trial ***,immune checkpoint inhibiters,such as PD-1/PD-L1 or CTLA-4,have demonstrated innovative progression in GC ***,ongoing clinical trials including targeted therapy and immunotherapy have shown promising results in improving clinical outcomes,safety,and *** this article,we review targeting therapies and immunotherapies for GC and summarize future prospective treatments.

关键词： Gastric cancer targeted therapy immunotherapy immune checkpoint inhibitor

HYDRATION AND PHASE SEPARATION OF TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE WATER-SOLUBLE POLYMERS

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2011年第1期29卷 13-21页

作者： Fumihiko Tanaka Tsuyoshi koga hir.yuki Kojima Francoise M.Winnik Department of Polymer Chemistry Graduate School of EngineeringKyoto University Department of Chemistry and Faculty of Pharmacy University of Montréal

Collapse of a poly（N-isopropylacrylamide）（PNIPAM） chain upon heating and phase diagrams of aqueous PNIPAM solutions with very fiat LCST phase separation line are theoretically studied on the basis of cooperative dehydration （simultaneous dissociation of bound water molecules in a group of correlated sequence）, and compared with the experimental observation of temperature-induced coil-globule transition by light scattering methods. The transition becomes sharper with the cooperativity parameter σ of hydration. Reentrant coil-globule-coil transition in mixed solvent of water and methanol is also studied from the viewpoint of competitive hydrogen bonds between polymer-water and polymer-methanol. The downward shift of the cloud-point curves （LCST cononsolvency） with the mole fraction of methanol due to the competition is calculated and compared with the experimental data. Aqueous solutions of hydophobically-modified PNIPAM carrying short alkyl chains at both chain ends （telechelic PNIPAM） are theoretically and experimentally studied. The LCST of these solutions is found to shift downward along the sol-gel transition curve as a result of end-chain association （association-induced phase separation）, and separate from the coil-globule transition line. Associated structures in the solution, such as flower micelles, mesoglobules and higher fractal assembly, are studied by USANS with theoretical modeling of the scattering function.

关键词： Cooperative dehydration LCST phase separation Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) Cononsolvency Coil-globule transition Flower micelle.

Clinical outcomes of Clutch Cutter endoscopic submucosal dissection for older patients with early gastric cancer

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2017年第10期9卷 416-422页

作者： Yoshihiro Otsuka Kazuya Akahoshi Kayoko Yasunaga Masaru Kubokawa Junya Gibo Shigeki Osada Kayo Tokumaru Kazuaki Miyamoto Takao Sato yuki Shiratsuchi Masafumi Oya Hidenobu koga Eikichi Ihara Kazuhiko Nakamura Department of Gastroenterology Aso Iizuka Hospital Diagnosis Procedure Combination Coding Management Office Aso Iizuka Hospital Department of Pathology Aso Iizuka Hospital Clinical Research Supportive Office Aso Iizuka Hospital Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory Science Graduate School of Medical SciencesKyushu University

AIM To evaluate the clinical outcome of endoscopic submucosal dissection using the Clutch Cutter(ESDCC) in older patients. METHODS We reviewed 232 consecutive patients with early gastric cancer who underwent ESDCC between June 2010 and February 2014 at Aso Iizuka Hospital. We divided patients into two groups according to age: Older patients(> 80 years, n = 64) and non-older patients(≤ 80 years, n = 168). We retrospectively compared the prevalence rates of pre-existing comorbidities, anticoagulant therapy, en bloc resection, mean duration of hospitalization, incidence of ESDCC-related complications, change in performance status(PS) before and after ESDCC, and financial cost of admission. RESULTS The older group comprised 64 patients with a mean age of 84.1 years, and the non-older group comprised 168 patients with a mean age of 69.5 years. Older patients had significantly more pre-existing comorbidities than did non-older patients, specifically heart disease(P < 0.05). The en bloc resection rate in non-older patients was significantly higher than that in older patients(100% vs 95.3%, P = 0.02). There were no significant differences between the older and non-older groups in the incidence of ESDCC-related complications(i.e., postoperative bleeding and perforation) and the post-ESDCC change in PS. There were also no significant differences between the older and non-older groups in the mean duration of hospitalization(11.4 and 10.7 d, respectively) and financial cost of admission(657040 JPY and 574890 JPY, respectively).CONCLUSION ESDCC has a good clinical outcome in older patients.

关键词： Older patients Clutch Cutter Endoscopic submucosal dissection Early gastric cancer Financial cost Duration of hospitalization