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Characterization of a 3-Phase a.c. Free Burning Arc Plasma

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Plasma Science and Technology 2006年第2期8卷 156-163页

作者：夏维东 Laurent FULCHERI Jose GONZALEZ-aguilar 李辉 Thomas M. GRUENBERGER University of Science" and Technology of China Hefei 230027 China. Centre for Energy Studies Ecole des Mines de Paris Rue Claude Daunesse F-06904 Sophia Antipolis France University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230027 China.

A 3-phase a.c. arc plasma reactor with large volume plasma has been developed for the synthesis of new carbon nano-structures. One of the main characteristics of the plasma system is related to the absence of a fixed neutral point. This gives rise to a rich and complex phenomenology related to instabilities and arc motion since the arcs are ＂burning＂ freely in the gas flow between the three electrodes. This paper is dedicated to the analysis of the behavior of such a system under typical conditions using argon and nitrogen as plasma gases. A classification of are configuration, arc commutating, arc interaction, arc motion and arc instabilities are discussed based on ultra high-speed cine camera analysis. A simple model describing the time evolution of the system is also presented and compared with the experimental measurements. The results show that an adequate control could allow the improvement of the overall system.

关键词： 3-phase AC arc plasma free arc arc motion arc commutating arc instabilities

Toll-like receptor 4 and protease-activated receptor 2 in physiology and pathophysiology of the nervous system:more than just receptor cooperation?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2019年第7期14卷 1196-1201页

作者： Darius Widera Rocío Martínez aguilar Graeme S.Cottrell Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine Group School of PharmacyUniversity of ReadingWhiteknights campus Unidad de Inmunología IBIMERUniversidad de Granada Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience School of PharmacyUniversity of Reading

Toll-like receptor 4(TLR4) and protease-activated receptor 2(PAR2) play pivotal roles in the mammalian innate immune ***,in addition to their involvement in detection of invading pathogens,PAR2 and TLR4 modulate the levels of cell death-induced sterile inflammation by activating pro-or anti-inflammatory downstream signaling *** the central nervous system,there is emerging evidence that both receptors are involved in synaptic transmission and brain ***,due to their prominent role in mediating neuroinflammation,PAR2 and TLR4 are associated with development and progression of neurodegenerative disorders including but not limited to Alzheimer's disease,Parkinson's disease and multiple *** this article,we summarise the current knowledge on the cooperation between PAR2 and TLR4,discuss the potential cross-talk levels and highlight the impact of the cross-coupling on neuroinflammation.

关键词： signaling inflammation proteases myeloid of differentiation primary response gene 88 TIR-domain containing adaptor inducing interferon lipopolysaccharide TLR4 PAR2

Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in children aged 5-9 years from southwest colombia:a cross-sectional study

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世界儿科杂志:英文版 2016年第4期12卷 477-483页

作者： Milton Fabian Suarez-Ortegón Cecilia aguilar-de Plata Centre for Population Health Sciences University of EdinburghEdinburgh Nutrition Group University of ValleCaliColombia Physiological Sciences Department University of ValleCaliColombia

Background:Exploration of cardiometabolic alterations in the pre-adolescent stage is necessary to characterize possible patterns for matabolic syndrome(MetS)in the earliest stages of the ***,defining specific cut-off points for metabolic and vascular markers represents a complex task in pre-adolescent *** study aimed to estimate the prevalence of MetS and its components in children aged 5-9 years old by using the MetS definition for adolescents with the lowest cut-off points,and evaluate its relationship with overweight and socio-demographic ***:A total of 494 children were *** models with filtered variables in preliminary univarite analyses were built to find predictive factors of MetS and its ***:The prevalence of MetS was 8.7%in the studied *** models showed that age,overweight and low socioeconomic stratum were associated with MetS;low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was not significantly associated with any variable;high triglycerides were positively associated with age,overweight and inversely associated with kilocalories/day;female gender was the only variable significantly associated with high fasting glucose(inverse association);and age,gender and overweight were significant factors for increased waist *** the case of high blood pressure,no variable was classified to the multivariate ***:This study showed disturbing figures regarding cardiometabolic risk in the children based on comparisons with studies in *** studies are needed to confirm the utility of the de Ferranti Mets definition in children.

关键词： fasting glucose metabolic syndrome obesity

Global prevalence and gender inequalities in at least 60 min of self-reported moderate-to-vigorous physical activity 1 or more days per week:An analysis with 707,616 adolescents

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第5期13卷 709-716页

作者： Raphael H.O.Araujo AndrúO.Werneck Clarice L.Martins Luciana L.Barboza Rafael M.Tassitano Nicolas aguilar-Farias Gilmar M.Jesus Robinson Ramírez-Véelez Riki Tesler Adewale L.Oyeyemi Ellen C.M.Silva Robert G.Weaver Mark S.Tremblay Javier Brazo-Sayavera Grégore I.Mielke Danilo R.P.Silva Graduation Program in Health Sciences Londrina State University(UEL)Londrina 86057-970Brazil Center for Epidemiological Research in Nutrition and Health Department of NutritionSchool of Public HealthUniversidade de Sao Paulo(USP)Sao Paulo 01246-904Brazil Department of Physical Education Federal University of ParaıbaParaıba 58051-900Brazil Research Centre of Physical Activity Health and LeisureFaculty of SportsLaboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health(ITR)University of PortoPorto 4500Portugal Postgraduate Program in Physical Education University of BrasıliaBrasılia 70910-900Brazil Department of Kinesiology and Community Health University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignChampaignIL 61801-3841USA Department of Physical Education Sports and RecreationUniversidad de La FronteraTemuco 4680000Chile Department of Health State University of Feira de SantanaFeira de Santana 44036-900Brazil Navarrabiomed Hospital Universitario de Navarra(HUN)Navarra Institute for Health Research(IdiSNA)Universidad Publica de Navarra(UPNA)Pamplona 31006Spain Facultad de Ciencias de la Educacion Unidad Central del Valle del Cauca(UCEVA)TuluaValle del Cauca 763022Colombia Health Management Department Faculty of Heath sciencesAriel UniversityAriel 40700Israel College of Health Solutions Arizona State UniversityPhoenixAZ 85004USA Arnold School of Public Health University of South CarolinaColumbiaSC 29208USA Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research InstituteOttawaON K1H 8L1Canada Department of Pediatrics University of OttawaOttawaON K1H 8L1Canada Department of Health Sciences Carleton UniversityOttawaON K1S 5B6Canada Department of Sports and Computer Science Universidad Pablo de Olavide(UPO)Seville 41013Spain Centro Universitario Regional Noreste Universidad de la RepublicaRivera 40000Uruguay School of Public Health The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD 4006Australia Department of Physical Education

Background:Guidelines recommend that adolescents should accumulate an average of 60 min per day of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity(MVPA).However,using only this cut-off could hide important *** instance,from a population-level point of view,increasing physical activity for those with no or low physical activity could provide more health benefits than increasing physical activity for those with intermediate ***,including a more sensitive cut-point of≥1 days per week could be an additional strategy for identifying those with low access/opportunities for physical activity ***,the current study aims to estimate the prevalence of≥60 min of MVPA≥1 days per week among adolescents globally,and to describe any relevant gender ***:We used representative datasets from 146 countries/territories collected between 2003 and *** was *** were grouped into younger(≤14 years old)and older(>14 years old)*** Poisson regression models were used to identify the relative differences in≥60 min of MVPA≥1 days per week between boys and girls,and random-effects meta-analysis models were used to identify the pooled *** were stratified by country and ***:Approximately 80%of both younger and older adolescents reported≥60 min of MVPA≥1 days per *** prevalence was≥94%in Europe and Central Asia and North America,while the estimates for the other regions were14y)=1.09(95%CI:1.08-1.10)).Conclusion:Approximately 8 out of 10 adolescents reported accumulating≥60 min of MVPA≥1 days per week,with notable differences between *** differences were observed in several countries,especially among the oldest *** fo

关键词： Global School-based Student Health Survey Health Behaviour Among School-aged Children survey Inequality Surveillance Youth

Conditionings for Collective Action and the Transformation of the Political Structure in Mexico

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Conditionings for Collective Action and the Transformation o...

作者： Andrea Salazar aguilar 上海交通大学

学位级别：硕士

The purpose of this research is to identify the main causes that led to the Mexican Revolution in *** event is a complex movement in the political history of that country,which included various factors,among social,political,and economic aspects,important to be reviewed and analyzed,in order to get an objective approach of its origins and *** have been various interpretations of its characteristics,historical motivations,the revolutionary factors,mostly separately from one *** not a few cases,the revolution has been studied as an agrarian and social in its bases,which can be correct due to the major demands and outcomes which resulted from it,in the construction of a new *** other authors,the revolution was merely a political shift caused by the power struggles,but it did not signify a social transformation,not even an agrarian ***,the revolution was a demonstration that affected the socioeconomic and political composition of the whole Mexican territory,but in different degrees,and carried out by a mixture of collectives and entities,that contradicted from each *** this research attempts to find,is a general insight of this movement seen from four dimensions,conditions that set the context before its initiation and analyze the motivations of various social groups involved in the struggle,and the consequences or results that this event brought to those *** does not attempt to cover all the aspects since these are several,but bring up in an objective approach the causes and consequences of this *** complete the research,there have been collected,and compared qualitative secondary sources that provide information measured by the political,social,economic,and external factors,before the insurrection took place in 1857 to 1910 when it started,compared to the circumstances after the revolution from 1910 to *** set the context,that will serve to consider the major characteristics and motivations over the v

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Nestling sex ratio is unaffected by individual and population traits in the griffon vulture

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Current Zoology 2023年第3期69卷 227-235页

作者： Guillermo Gomez-Lopez Felix Martinez Ana Sanz-aguilar Martina Carrete Guillermo Blanco Department of Evolutionary Ecology National Museum of Natural Sciences(MNCN)Spanish National Research Council(CSiC)Jose Gutierrez Abascal 228006 MadridSpain Escuela Internacional de Doctorado Universidad Rey Juan Carlos(URJC)Tulipan s/n28933 MostolesMadridSpain Animal Demography and Ecology Group Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avangats(IMEDEA)Miquel Marques 217020 EsporlesMallorcaSpain Applied Zoology and Conservation Group Universitat de les Illes Balears(UIB)Ctra.De Valldemossa km.7.507122PalmaSpain Department of Physical Chemical and Natural SystemsUniversidad Pablo de Olavide(UPO)Ctra.de Utrera km.141013 SevillaSpain

Variation in offspring sex ratios is a central topic in animal demography and population *** studies have focused on bird species with marked sexual dimorphism and multiple-nestling broods,where the offspring sex ratio is often biased due to different individual or environmental ***,biases in offspring sex ratios have been far less investigated in monomorphic and single-egg laying species,and few studies have evaluated long-term and large-scale variations in the sex ratio of nestling ***,we explore individual and environmental factors potentially affecting the secondary sex ratio of the monomorphic griffon vulture Gyps *** used information collected at three breeding nuclei from central Spain over a 30-year period(1990–2020)to analyse the effects of nestling age,parental age,breeding phenology,conspecific density,population reproductive parameters,and spatial and temporal variability on nestling *** ratio did not differ from parity either at the population or the nuclei *** significant between-year differences were detected,even under highly changing conditions of food availability associated with the mad-cow *** found that tree nesting breeders tend to have more sons than daughters,but as this nesting behavior is rare and we consequently have a small sample size,this issue would require additional *** further research is needed to assess the potential effect of breeder identity on nestling sex ratio,this study contributes to understanding the basic ecology and population dynamics of Griffon Vultures,a long-lived species with deferred maturity and low fecundity,whose minor deviations in the offspring sex ratio might imply major changes at the population level.

关键词： offspring sex ratio nestling sex Gyps fulvus monomorphism mad-cow crisis demography

Photovoltaic-based DC microgrid with partial shading and fault tolerance

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2019年第2期7卷 340-349页

作者： Carlos CORREA-BETANZO Hugo CALLEJA Carlos aguilar Adolfo R.LOPEZ-NUNEZ Elías RODRIGUEZ Electronics Department National Center for Research and Development of Technology62490 CuernavacaMorelosMexico Electronics Department Technological Institute of Celaya38010 CelayaGuanajuatoMexico

Partial shading is a common problem that affects bus regulation in DC microgrids with several photovoltaic(PV) modules as energy sources, as a result of reduced solar irradiance reaching the *** problem can be mitigated by incorporating batteries, but if they are not included, appropriate control strategies must be used. This paper presents a new approach in a PV-based DC microgrid, which provides a high-quality bus voltage regulation in islanding mode, without being affected by partial shading or problems associated with PV module connection and disconnection. The solution proposed herein ensures a proper voltage regulation without being affected by problems such as failures in PV modules or mismatch between them. Besides, it can help to prevent PV partial shade stress by disconnecting the affected modules. A further advantage of the approach is the flexibility to connect more PV modules. The advantages of this approach were verified in a 200 W prototype.

关键词： Photovoltaic Microgrid Partial shading Fault Control strategy

Human CD4 ＋ effector T lymphocytes generated upon TCR engagement with self-peptides respond defectively to IL-7 in their transition to memory cells

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2013年第3期10卷 261-274页

作者： Gabriela Gonzalez-Perez Norma C Segovia Amaranta Rivas-Carvalho Diana P Reyes Honorio Torres-aguilar Sergio R aguilar-Ruiz Claudine Irles Gloria Soldevila Carmen Sainchez-Torres 1Department of Molecular Biomedicine Centre de Investigacion y de Estudios Avanzados del I.P.N. (CINVESTAV-IPN) Mexico City Mexico Department of Physiology Facultad de Medicina Mexico City Mexico Department of Immunology Institute de Investigaciones Biomedicas Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM) Mexico City Mexico

The peripheral repertoire of CD4＋ T lymphocytes contains autoreactive cells that remain tolerant through several mechanisms. However, nonspecific CD4＋ T cells can be activated in physiological conditions as in the course of an ongoing immune response, and their outcome is not yet fully understood. Here, we investigate the fate of human naive CD4＋ lymphocytes activated by dendritic cells （DCs） presenting endogenous self-peptides in comparison with lymphocytes involved in alloresponses. We generated memory cells （Tmem） from primary effectors activated with mature autologous DCs plus interleukin （IL）-2 （Tmauto）, simulating the circumstances of an active immune response, or allogeneic DCs （Tmallo）. Tmem were generated from effector cells that were rested in the absence of antigenic stimuli, with or without IL-7. Tmem were less activated than effectors （demonstrated by CD25 downregulation） particularly with IL-7, suggesting that this cytokine may favour the transition to quiescence. Tmauto and TmaHo showed an effector memory phenotype, and responded similarly to polyclonal and antigen-specific stimuli. Biochemically, IL-7-treated Tma^o were closely related to conventional memory lymphocytes based on Erk-l/2 activation, whereas Tmauto were more similar to effectors. Autologous effectors exhibited lower responses to IL-7 than allogeneic cells, which were reflected in their reduced proliferation and higher cell death. This was not related to IL-7 receptor expression but rather to signalling deficiencies, according to STAT5 activation These results suggest that ineffective responses to IL-7 could impair the transition to memory cells of naive CD4＋ T lymphocytes recognizing self-peptides in the setting of strong costimulation.

关键词： human CD4+ T cells IL-7 memory self-peptides

A mathematical model of circadian rhythms synchronization using fractional differential equations system of coupled van der Pol oscillators

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International Journal of Biomathematics 2018年第1期11卷 313-336页

作者： J. E. Escalante-Martfnez J. F. Gomez-aguilar C. Calderon-Ramon A. aguilar-Melendez P. Padilla-Longoria Facultad de Ingenieria Mecdnica y Eldctrica Universidad Veracruzana Av. Venustiano Carranza S/N Col. Revolucidn C. P. 93390 Poza Riea Veracruz Mdxico CONACyT-TecnolSgico Nacional de Mexico/CENIDET Interior Internado Palmira S/N Col. Palmira C. P. 62490 Cuernavaca Morelos Mexico Facultad de Ingenier~a Mecdnica y Eldctrica Universidad Veracruzana Av. Venustiano Carranza S/ZN Col. Revolucidn C. P. 93390 Poza Rica Veracruz Mexico Facul$ad de Ingenierd Civil Universidad Veracruzana Av. Venustiano Carranza S/N Col. Revolucion C. P. 93390 Poza Rica Veracruz Mexico Instituto de Investigaciones en Matemdticas Aplicadas ySistemas (IIMAS) UNAM Circuito Escolar Cd. Universitaria Del. Coyoacan Mdxico D. F. C. P. 04510 Mexico

This paper presents an alternative representation of a system of differential equations qualitatively showing the behavior of the biological rhythm of a crayfish during their transition from juvenile to adult stages. The model focuses on the interaction of four cellular oscillators coupled by diffusion of a hormone, a parameter μ is used to simu- late the quality of communication among the oscillators, in biological terms, it mea- sures developmental maturity of the crayfish. Since some quorum-sensing mechanism is assumed to be responsible for the synchronization of the biological oscillators, it is nat- ural to investigate the possibility that the underlying diffusion process is not standard, i.e. it may be a so-called anomalous diffusion. In this case, it is well understood that diffusion equations with fractional derivatives describe these processes in a more realis- tic way. The alternative formulation of these equations contains fractional operators of Liouville-Caputo and Caputo-Fabrizio type. The numerical simulations of the equations reflect synchronization of ultradian rhythms leading to a circadian rhythm. The classical behavior is recovered when the order of the fractional derivative is V = 1. We discuss possible biological implications.

关键词： Circadian rhythm van der Pol oscillators Liouville-Caputo fractional oper-ator Caput^Fabrizio fractional operator Adams Bashforth Moulton method syn-chronicity.