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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第1期14卷 421-432页

作者： Dexiu Yan Jemma Arakelyan Teng Wan Ritvik Raina Tsz Ki Chan Dohyun Ahn Vladimir Kushnarev Tsz Kiu Cheung Ho Ching Chan Inseo Choi Pui Yi Ho Feijun Hu Yujeong Kim hill lam lau Ying Lo Law Chi Seng Leung Chun Yin Tong Kai Kap Wong Wing lam Yim Nikolay S.Karnaukhov Richard Y.C.Kong Maria V.Babak Yudai Matsuda Department of Chemistry City University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina iGEM Team“VarieCure” City University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina Department of Biomedical Engineering City University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina Moscow Clinical Research Center Named After A.S.Loginov Moscow 111123Russian Federation

A biosynthetic gene cluster for the bioactive fungal sesterterpenoids variecolin(1)and variecolactone(2)was identified in Aspergillus aculeatus ATCC *** production of 1 and 2 was achieved in Aspergillus oryzae by expressing the sesterterpene synthase VrcA and the cytochrome P450 ***,the replacement of VrcB with homologous P450s from other fungal terpenoid pathways yielded three new variecolin analogues(5-7).Analysis of the compounds’anticancer activity in vitro and in vivo revealed that although 5 and 1 had comparable activities,5 was associated with significantly reduced toxic side effects in cancer-bearing mice,indicating its potentially broader therapeutic *** study describes the first tests of variecolin and its analogues in animals and demonstrates the utility of synthetic biology for creating molecules with improved biological activities.

关键词： Animal studies Anticancer properties Biosynthesis Natural products Sesterterpenoids Synthetic biology Terpene synthases Variecolin

Traditional Chinese medicine poisoning in the emergency departments in Hong Kong: Trend, clinical presentation and predictors for poor outcome

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2021年第2期12卷 143-150页

作者： Rex Pui Kin lam Eric Ho Yin lau Wai lam Yip Joe Kai Shing Leung Matthew Sik Hon Tsui Emergency Medicine Unit Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicinethe University of Hong KongHong KongChina Accident and Emergency Department Queen Mary HospitalHong KongChina Accident and Emergency Department Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern HospitalHong KongChina School of Public Health Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicinethe University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Dear editor,Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is popular in many countries,especially in the Chinese population.^([1,2]) In Hong Kong,it has been estimated that around 15%of the population consumed Chinese medicine products/herbs in the preceding *** reasons for consumption include regulating bodily functions,curing disease,and building up health.

关键词： has editor curing

Performance evaluation of polyamide nanofiltration membranes for phosphorus removal process and their stability against strong acid/alkali solution

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2019年第8期27卷 1789-1797页

作者： Yen Khai Chai How Chun lam Chai Hoon Koo Woei Jye lau Soon Onn Lai Ahmad Fauzi Ismail Department of Civil Engineering Lee Kong Chian Faculty of Engineering and ScienceUniversiti Tunku Abdul RahmanJalan Bandar Sg.LongBandar Sg.Long43000 KajangSelangorMalaysia Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre(AMTEC) Universiti Teknologi Malaysia81310 SkudaiJohorMalaysia Department of Chemical Engineering Lee Kong Chian Faculty of Engineering and ScienceUniversiti Tunku Abdul RahmanJalan Bandar Sg.LongBandar Sg.Long43000 KajangSelangorMalaysia

In this study,a quantitative performance of three commercial polyamide nanofiltration(NF) membranes(i.e.,NF,NF90,and NF270) for phosphorus removal under different feed conditions was *** experiments were conducted at different feed phosphorus concentrations(2.5,5,10,and 15 mg·L^-1) and elevated pHs(pH 1.5,5,10,and 13.5) at a constant feed pressure of 1 MPa using a dead-end filtration *** rejection against total phosphorus generally increased with increasing phosphorus concentration regardless of membrane *** contrast,the permeate flux for all the membranes only decreased slightly with increasing phosphorus *** results also showed that the phosphorus rejections improved while water flux remained almost unchanged with increasing feed solution *** the three membranes were exposed to strong pHs(pH 1.5 and 13.5) for a longer duration(up to 6 weeks)it was found that the rejection capability and water flux of the membranes remained very similar throughout the duration,except for NF membrane with marginal decrement in phosphorus *** study also revealed that more phosphorus was adsorbed onto the membrane structure at alkaline conditions(pH 10 and 13.5) compared to the same membranes tested at lower pHs(pH 1.5 and 5).In eonelusion,NF270 membrane outperformed Nf and NF90 membranes owing to its desirable performance of water flux and phosphorus rejection particularly under strong alkali *** NF270 membrane achieved 14.0 L·m^-2·h^-1 and 96.5% rejection against 10 mg·L^-1 phosphorus solution with a pH value of 13.5 at the applied pressure of 1 MPa.

关键词： Membrane Nanofiltration Phosphorus removal pH Stability Humic acid

Chinese medicine practitioner turnover rate and the development of Chinese medicine in Hong Kong,China

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medical Sciences 2021年第2期8卷 145-149页

作者： Ka-Kit Chua Vivien lau Wing-Yan Lee Chun-Pong lam School of Chinese Medicine Hong Kong Baptist UniversityHong KongChina Sin-Hua Herbalist's&Herb Dealer's Promotion Society Limited Hong KongChina Alumni Association of Full-time Chinese Medicine Undergraduate Hong Kong Baptist UniversityHong KongChina

Objective:To establish that the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region(HKSAR)government is actively promoting Chinese medicine(CM)and to examine turnover rate of Chinese medicine practitioners(CMPs)in Hong Kong,China in light of this governmental ***:This study covered two major areas:reviewing CM development in Hong Kong,and assessing the turnover rate of CMPs in Hong *** first part of the paper is a historical *** investigation of turnover rate had two *** 1,quantitative method,involved online questionnaires;Section 2,qualitative method comprised interviews with CMPs from different types of CM clinics to ascertain the reasons for the turnover among ***:A total of 123 online questionnaires were received in Section 1(55 from male CMPs;66 from female CMPs;2 respondents were unwilling to disclose their sex).The proportion of CMPs who had resigned in 2018e19 was 22.8%(28),of whom 5.7%(7)had resigned twice in one *** rates of resignation in 3 years and 5 years were up to 40.7%(50)and 56.9%(70),*** CMPs were interviewed in Section *** CMPs were more likely to resign than *** large gap between actual salary and expectations appeared to be the main reason for the high rate of ***:HKSAR government keenly desires to promote CM in Hong Kong,however,high turnover rate of CMPs was detected even under this positive governmental *** is an urgent need to conduct a more representative study of the reasons for the inclination of CMPs in Hong *** study highlights an important issue in CM development,and these results should remind different stakeholders in the CM industry and the government that CMPs need better career prospects and support in various areas.

关键词： Chinese medicine development Chinese Medicine Turnover rate Hong Kong SAR Career prospect Salary

Starting thrombolytic therapy for patients with acute myocardial infarction in Accident and Emergency Department:from implementation to evaluation

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Chinese Medical Journal 1998年第4期111卷 4-7页

作者： Chan WK lam KN lau FL Tang HM Department of Medicine and Geriatrics United Christian Hospital Hong Kong Accident and Emergency Department United Christian Hospital Hong Kong

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of initiating thrombolysis for patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in the Accident and Emergency Department. Methods From January 1993 to December 1995, all AMI patients who were admitted to the United Christian Hospital and given thrombolytic therapy were studied. The patients' demographic data, time and mode of presentation, site of myocardial infarction, treatment modality and timing, and complications related to AMI or treatment were recorded prospectively in our AMI database. The frequency of thrombolysis administered in Accident and Emergency Department and Coronary Care Unit, as well as the median door-to-needle time (time interval between hospital arrival to initiation of thrombolytic therapy) were compared. Cases of inappropriate thrombolysis and complication were also *** Over these 3 years, 257 patients received thrombolysis in the United Christian Hospital. The percentage of patients receiving thrombolysis in Accident and Emergency Department increased from 3.2% in 1993 to 12.3% in 1994, and to 39.4% in 1995. The median time interval between arrival to hospital and thrombolysis (door-to-needle time) was 25 minutes, compared with 81 minutes in the Coronary Care Unit. The door-to-needle time also improved over these 3 years: from 95 minutes in 1993 to 75 minutes in 1995 in Coronary Care Unit group, and from 35 minutes in 1993 to 20 minutes in 1995 in the Accident and Emergency Department group. Over these 3 years, 2 cases of inappropriate thrombolysis were reported but these did not result in any mortality. Four complications from thrombolytic therapy were reported, and these were managed appropriately by the staff in Accident and Emergency Department and did not result in mortality. Conclusions Starting thrombolytic therapy in Accident and Emergency Department is safe and effectively decreases the door-to-needle time.

关键词： Thrombolytic Therapy Comparative Study Emergencies Emergency Treatment Female Humans Male Myocardial Infarction Prospective Studies Time Factors

Uncompromised NK cell activation is essential for virus-specific CTL activity during acute influenza virus infection

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2018年第9期15卷 827-837页

作者： Yuan Liu Jian Zheng Yinping Liu Liyan Wen Lei Huang Zheng Xiang Kwok-Tai lam Aizhen Lv Huawei Mao Yu-Lung lau Wenwei Tu Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine Li Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina Medical Genetic Center Guangdong Women and Children HospitalGuangzhou 511400China Department of Radiology Georgia Regents UniversityAugustaGA 30912USA GRU Cancer Center Georgia Regents UniversityAugustaGA 30912USA Department of Pediatrics The University of Hong Kong—Shenzhen HospitalShenzhen 518053China

Natural killer (NK) cells are indispensable components of both the innate and adaptive immune response. However,their precise roles in the cross-talk between innate and adaptive immunity during influenza virus infection remaincontroversial. By comparing NK cell dynamics and activity under a sub-lethal dose and high dose of influenza virusinfection, we showed that influenza virus PR8 directly infected NK cells during natural infection, which wasconsistent with our previous findings obtained from an in vitro investigation of human NK cells. The impairments incytotoxicity and IFN-γ production by spleen NK cells following high-dose infection were accompanied by decreasedvirus-specific killing mediated by cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs). Importantly, the weakened CTL activity could bereversed by adoptive transfer of spleen NK cells harvested from low-dose-infected mice but not healthy *** together, our data provide direct evidence supporting the contribution of NK cells to antiviral T-cellresponses. This study also indicates that a novel NK-targeted immune evasion strategy is used by influenza virusto shrink both innate and adaptive immune responses.

关键词： CTL influenza NK cell

Profiles and removal efficiency of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by two different types of sewage treatment plants in Hong Kong

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2017年第3期29卷 196-206页

作者： Yu Bon Man Ka Lai Chow Zhang Cheng Wing Yin Mo Yung Hau Chan James Chung Wah lam Frankie Tat Kwong lau Wing Cheong Fung Ming Hung Wong Consortium on Health EnvironmentEducation and Research(CHEER)and Department of Science and Environmental StudiesThe Education University of Hong KongTai PoHong KongChina Department of Environmental Engineering Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 510630China State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution Croucher Institute for Environmental SciencesHong Kong Baptist University and City University of Hong KongKowloon TongHong KongChina Department of Geography Hong Kong Baptist UniversityKowloon TongHong KongChina College of Environment Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611130China State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution and Research Centre for the Oceans and Human Health City University of Hong KongKowioon TongHong KongChina The Drainage Services Department The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative RegionHong KongChina

Sewage discharge could be a major source of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs） in the coastal waters. Stonecutters Island and Shatin Sewage Treatment Works （SCISTW and STSTW） in Hong Kong, adopted chemically enhanced primary treatment and biological treatment, respectively. This study aimed at （1） determining the removal efficiencies of PAHs, （2） comparing the capabilities in removing PAHs, and （3） characterizing the profile of each individual PAHs, in the two sewage treatment plants （STPs）. Quantification of 16 PAHs was conducted by a Gas Chromatography. The concentrations of total PAHs decreased gradually along the treatment processes （from 301 ± 255 and 307 ± 217 ns/L to 14.9 ± 12.1 and 63.3 ± 54.1 ng/L in STSTW and SCISTW, respectively）. It was noted that STSTW was more capable in removing total PAHs than SCISTW with average total removal effidency 94.4% ± 4.12% us. 79.2% ± 7.48% （p 〈 0.05）. The removal of PAHs was probably due to sorption in particular matter, confirmed by the higher distribution coefficient of individual and total PAHs in solid samples （dewatered sludge contained 92.5% and 74.7% of total PAHs in SCISTW and STSTW, respectively） than liquid samples （final efffluent-total contained 7.53% and 25.3% of total PAHs in STSTW and SCISTW, respectively）. Despite the impressive capability of STSTW and SCISTW in removing PAHs, there was still a considerable amount of total PAHs （1.85 and 39.3 ks/year, respectively for the two STPs） being discharged into Hone Kon coastal waters, which would be an environmental concern.

关键词： Sewage treatment plantsPAHsRemoval efficiencySludgeSewage

Comparing 11 early warning scores and three shock indices in early sepsis prediction in the emergency department

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2024年第4期15卷 273-282页

作者： Rex Pui Kin lam Zonglin Dai Eric Ho Yin lau Carrie Yuen Ting Ip Ho Ching Chan Lingyun Zhao Tat ChiTsang Matthew Sik Hon Tsui Timothy Hudson Rainer Department of Emergency Medicine School of Clinical MedicineLi Ka Shing Faculty of Medicinethe University of Hong KongHong KongChina School of Public Health Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicinethe University of Hong KongHong KongChina Accident and Emergency Department Queen Mary HospitalHong KongChina

BACKGROUND:This study aimed to evaluate the discriminatory performance of 11 vital sign-based early warning scores(EWSs)and three shock indices in early sepsis prediction in the emergency department(ED).METHODS:We performed a retrospective study on consecutive adult patients with an infection over 3 months in a public ED in Hong *** primary outcome was sepsis(Sepsis-3 definition)within 48 h of ED *** c-statistics and the DeLong test,we compared 11 EWSs,including the National Early Warning Score 2(NEWS2),Modified Early Warning Score,and Worthing Physiological Scoring System(WPS),etc.,and three shock indices(the shock index[SI],modified shock index[MSI],and diastolic shock index[DSI]),with Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome(SIRS)and quick Sequential Organ Failure Assessment(qSOFA)in predicting the primary outcome,intensive care unit admission,and mortality at different time ***:We analyzed 601 patients,of whom 166(27.6%)developed ***2 had the highest point estimate(area under the receiver operating characteristic curve[AUROC]0.75,95%CI 0.70-0.79)and was significantly better than SIRS,qSOFA,other EWSs and shock indices,except WPS,at predicting the primary ***,the pooled sensitivity and specificity of NEWS2≥5 for the prediction of sepsis were 0.45(95%CI 0.37-0.52)and 0.88(95%CI 0.85-0.91),*** discriminatory performance of all EWSs and shock indices declined when used to predict mortality at a more remote time ***:NEWS2 compared favorably with other EWSs and shock indices in early sepsis prediction but its low sensitivity at the usual cut-off point requires further modification for sepsis screening.

关键词： Sepsis Emergency department Clinical prediction rule Early warning score Shock index

Revisiting oral fluoropyrimidine with cetuximab in metastatic colorectal cancer: Real-world data in Chinese population

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2019年第11期11卷 1031-1042页

作者： Ka-On lam Man-Chi Fu Kin-Sang lau Kam-Mo lam Cheuk-Wai Choi Wan-Hang Chiu Cheng-Man Yuen Lai-Han Kwok Fong-Kit Tam Wing-Lok Chan Sum-Yin Chan Pui-Ying Ho To-Wai Leung Ho-Fun Lee Department of Clinical Oncology LKS Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Clinical Oncology Queen Mary HospitalHong KongChina Clinical Oncology Centre The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen HospitalShenzhen 518053Guangdong ProvinceChina Department of Pharmacy Queen Mary HospitalHong KongChina Department of Diagnostic Radiology LKS Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina

BACKGROUND Cetuximab in combination with oral fluoropyrimidine(FP)remains controversial in metastatic colorectal cancer(mCRC).In view of the regional variation in the tolerability of FP,we conducted a retrospective analysis to compare oral FP with infusional FP in combination with cetuximab in Chinese *** To compare the efficacy and safety profile of cetuximab in combination with oral FP and infusional FP in Chinese population in the real-world *** A retrospective cohort study was done to analyse consecutive patients with Kras wild-type mCRC who received first-line treatment with cetuximab and FP-based chemotherapy in our unit from January 2010 to December ***-five eligible patients were *** median follow-up of our cohort was 65.0 *** The median progression-free survival(mPFS)and median overall survival(mOS)of the entire cohort were 9.66 mo(95%CI:7.72–12.5)and 25.8 mo(95%CI:18.7–35.6),*** oral FP and infusional FP,there was no statistical significant difference in the mPFS[9.79 mo(95%CI:7.49–12.7)vs 9.63 mo(95%CI:6.34–13.4);P=0.72]and mOS[25.8 mo(95%CI:15.2–35.6)vs 26.3 mo(95%CI:18.7–41.2);P=0.63].Grade 3 or above adverse events were reported in 28.4%of patients,being similar with oral and infusional FP,and included 10.5%of neutropenia and 2.1%of diarrhoea *** The current analysis demonstrates comparable efficacy and safety profiles of cetuximab in combination with oral and infusional FP in Chinese *** results expand treatment options for Chinese patients and invite revision of existing treatment guidelines to incorporate oral FP-based chemotherapy plus cetuximab.

关键词： Capecitabine 5-Fluorouracil Cetuximab Metastatic colorectal cancer Chinese

Acupuncture improves cognitive function A systematic review

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Neural Regeneration Research 2013年第18期8卷 1673-1684页

作者： Mason Chin Pang Leung Ka Keung Yip Chung Tsung lam Ka Shun lam Wai lau Wing lam Yu Amethyst King Man Leung Kwok-fai So Department of Rehabilitation Sciences the Hong Kong Polytechnic University Cambridge Regional College Department of Anatomy and the State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science the University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Hong Kong Special Administrative Region China GHM Institute of CNS Regeneration Jinan University

BACKGROUND： Acupuncture has been used as a treatment for cognitive impairment. OBJECTIVE： This review assesses clinical evidence for or against acupuncture as a treatment for cognitive impairment. This review also discusses the proposed mechanism（s） that could link acupuncture to improved cognitive function. METHODS： We searched the literature using PolyUone search from its inception to January 2013, with full text available and language limited to English. Levels of evidence were examined using Oxford Centre for Evidence-based Medicine-Levels of Evidence （March, 2009）. RESULTS： Twelve studies met the inclusion criteria： 3 human studies and 9 animal studies. Levels of evidence ranged from level lb to level 5. CONCLUSION： Most animal studies demonstrated a positive effect of acupuncture on cognitive impairment. However, the results of human studies were inconsistent. Further high-quality human studies with greater statistical power are needed to determine the effectiveness of acupuncture and an optimal protocol.

关键词： neural regeneration dementia acupuncture electroacupuncture learning cognitive cognition memory neuroregeneration