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Evaluation of Spontaneous Fertility after Medical Treatment of Tubal Ectopic Pregnancy in Two Hospitals in the City of Yaounde

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2024年第1期14卷 175-185页

作者： Noa Ndoua Claude Cyrille Tchedele Guidebta hilary Nyada Serge Robert Astrid Ruth Ndolo Kondo Ayissi Gregory Ngo Dingom Anne Madye Tompeen Isidore Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences of the University of Yaoundé I Yaounde Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical sciences of the University of Douala Douala Cameroon

Background: Ectopic pregnancy is a major cause of maternal morbidity and mortality, estimated to occur in 1% - 2% of pregnancies worldwide. This condition also has an adverse effect on the fertility prospects of women who experience it. Objective: To determine the outcomes of subsequent spontaneous fertility after medical treatment of patients with methotrexate (MTX) in patients with ectopic pregnancy at two university teaching hospitals of Yaounde. Methodology: We carried out a cross-sectional study with retrospective data collection in two university teaching hospitals of Yaounde during a six years period from 1st January 2015 to 31st May 2021. Seventy records of patients who had medical treatment for ectopic pregnancy were included in this study. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS. 23. The Chi-2 statistical test was used to compare qualitative variables. Binary logistic regression method was performed to identify independent risk factors associated with infertility after medical treatment of tubal ectopic pregnancy (TEP). The significance level was set at 0.05. Results: The mean age in our study population was 27.8 ± 3.8 years. According to the past medical history, 52.9% had a pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) and the most frequently germ found was C. trachomatis (47.1%). Almost 15% of our study population had previous surgery for EP. The median Fernandez score was 11 with a minimum score of 4 and a maximum score of 13. The route of administration of methotrexate was intramuscular in all our patients, and the single-dose protocol was used most frequently (58.6%). After medical treatment of the EP, we found a spontaneous conception rate of 58.6%. After multivariate analysis, we were unable to confirm that there was an association between a history of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and fertility prognosis. Conclusion: The spontaneous fertility rate after medical management of EP was 58.6%, of which 73.2% were term pregnancies and 14.6% were recurrent ectopic pregnancies.

关键词： Ectopic Pregnancy Maternal Morbidity

Air pollution and liver cancer: A systematic review

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第4期126卷 817-826页

作者： Ting Gan hilary Bambrick Shilu Tong Wenbiao Hu School of Public Health and Social Work Queensland University of TechnologyQueensland 4059Australia National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health Australian National UniversityAustralian Capital Territory 2601Australia Shanghai Children’s Medical Center School of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200127China

Air pollution has previously been linked to several adverse health outcomes, but the potential association between air pollution and liver cancer remains unclear. We searched Pub Med, EMBASE, and Web of Science from inception to 10 October 2021, and manually reviewed the references of relevant papers to further identify any related literature investigating possible associations between air pollution and liver cancer. Risk estimates values were represented by statistical associations based on quantitative analyses. A total of 13cohort studies obtained from 11 articles were included, with 10,961,717 participants. PM_(2.5)was the most frequently examined pollutant(included in 11 studies), followed by NO_(2)and NOx(included in 6 studies), and fewer studies focused on other pollutants(PM_(2.5)absorbance,PM_(10), PM_(2.5–10), O_(3), and BC). In all the 16 associations for liver cancer mortality, 14 associations reported the effect of PM_(2.5)on liver cancer mortality. Eight associations on PM_(2.5)were significant, showing a suggestive association between PM_(2.5)and liver cancer mortality. Among24 associations shown by risk estimates for liver cancer incidence, most associations were not statistically significant. For other air pollutants, no positive associations were presented in these studies. PM_(2.5)was the most frequently examined pollutant, followed by NO_(2)and NOx, and fewer studies focused on other pollutants. PM_(2.5)was associated with liver cancer mortality, but there was no association for other air pollutants. Future research should use advanced statistical methods to further assess the impact of multiple air pollutants on liver cancer in the changing socio-environmental context.

关键词： Air pollution PM_(2.5) Liver cancer Incidence Mortality Systematic review

Epidemiological, Clinical and Paraclinical Profile of Osteoarthritis of the Lower Limbs in Obese Patients at the Cocody University Teaching Hospital

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Open Journal of Rheumatology and Autoimmune Diseases 2024年第2期14卷 69-76页

作者： Nzima Brice Kollo Aboubakar Bamba¹ Aboubacar Sidiki Condé Nzima hilary Ngon Kanbaye Medom Ada Nina Kpami Yaya Coulibaly Kan Joseph Enoch Koffi Ehaulier Soh Christian Louis Kouakou Mohamed Diomandé¹ Edmond Eti Rheumatology Department Cocody University Hospital Abidjan C&#244te d&#8217Ivoire Internal Medicine Department Yaounde University Hospital Yaounde Cameroon Rheumatology Department Bouake University Hospital Bouake C&#244te d&#8217Ivoire

Objective: To describe the epidemiological, clinical and paraclinical characteristics of osteoarthritis of the lower limbs in obese patients at the Cocody University Teaching Hospital. Methodology: This was an analytical cross-sectional study carried out in the rheumatology department of the Cocody UTH in Abidjan (Ivory Coast) from March 1 to April 30 2023. Patients who came for rheumatology consultation presenting with mechanical arthralgia of the lower limbs, who were obese, had radiographic images were included. All patients without radiographic images were excluded. Obesity was defined as a body mass index (BMI) greater than or equal to 30 kg/m. The Chi2 test was used to compare proportions and determine the existence of associations between osteoarthristis and obesity, obesity severity and radiographic stage of osteoarthritis as well as the functional impact. A p-value below a predefined threshold (p = 0,05) indicates a significant relationship between the variables. Result: Out of 185 patients received for osteoarthritis of the lower limbs during the study period, 136 were obese (74%). There were 115 women (84.6%) with an average age of 56.03 with a standard deviation of 12.72 years (extremes: 22 and 84 years). The main socio-professional category was the informal sector (30%). The majority of patients had a low socio-economic level (80.2%) and lived in urban areas (92.6%). The most common past medical history was hypertension (33.08%) followed by peptic ulcer disease (16.91%). Patients had a body mass index class 1 (81.6%), class 2 (15.40%) and class 3 (2.90%). The average duration of symptom progression until diagnosis was 11 months. Genu varum was the main static disorder (56.10%) and the knee joint was the dominant topography (90.4%) with a bilateral localization (80%). The average Lequesne index was greater than 8 (59.5%). The Kellgren and Lawrence radiographic stages were stage 1 (9.20%), stage 2 (46.90%), stage 3 (29.20%) and stage 4 (6.90%). The Obesity severity was significantly associat

关键词： Osteoarthritis Lower Limbs Obesity Abidjan

An indisputable link between climate emergency and human health

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2023年第6期14卷 811-813页

作者： Shilu TONG hilary BAMBRICK Xiao-Yuan YAO National Institute of Environmental Health Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing 100021China School of Public Health and Social Work Queensland University of TechnologyBrisbane QLD 400lAustralia National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health The Australian National UniversityCanberra ACT 2600Australia

Climate change is one of the greatest health challenges that humanity faces.The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change estimates that 3.3 billion people worldwide are highly vulnerable to climate change and confront greater health risks as a consequence(IPCC,2023).The fact that climate change is a health issue is finally being widely recognised.

关键词： climate Climate consequence

Ineffective esophageal motility is associated with acute rejection after lung transplantation independent of gastroesophageal reflux

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2023年第21期29卷 3292-3301页

作者： Wai-Kit Lo Brent Hiramoto hilary J Goldberg Nirmal Sharma Walter W Chan Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and EndoscopyBrigham and Women's HospitalBostonMA 02115United States Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Brigham and Women's HospitalBostonMA 02115United States

BACKGROUND Gastroesophageal reflux is associated with poorer outcomes after lung transplant,likely through recurrent aspiration and allograft injury.Although prior studies have demonstrated a relationship between impedance-pH results and transplant outcomes,the role of esophageal manometry in the assessment of lung transplant patients remains debated,and the impact of esophageal dysmotility on transplant outcomes is unclear.Of particular interest is ineffective esophageal motility(IEM)and its associated impact on esophageal clearance.AIM To assess the relationship between pre-transplant IEM diagnosis and acute rejection after lung transplantation.METHODS This was a retrospective cohort study of lung transplant recipients at a tertiary care center between 2007 and 2018.Patients with pre-transplant anti-reflux surgery were excluded.Manometric and reflux diagnoses were recorded from pre-transplant esophageal function testing.Time-to-event analysis using Cox proportional hazards model was applied to evaluate outcome of first episode of acute cellular rejection,defined histologically per International Society of Heart and Lung Transplantation guidelines.Subjects not meeting this endpoint were censored at time of post-transplant anti-reflux surgery,last clinic visit,or death.Fisher’s exact test for binary variables and student’s t-test for continuous variables were performed to assess for differences between groups.RESULTS Of 184 subjects(54%men,mean age:58,follow-up:443 person-years)met criteria for inclusion.Interstitial pulmonary fibrosis represented the predominant pulmonary diagnosis(41%).During the follow-up period,60 subjects(33.5%)developed acute rejection.The all-cause mortality was 16.3%.Time-to-event univariate analyses demonstrated significant association between IEM and acute rejection[hazard ratio(HR):1.984,95%CI:1.03-3.30,P=0.04],confirmed on Kaplan-Meier curve.On multivariable analysis,IEM remained independently associated with acute rejection,even after controlling for potential confounders such as the

关键词： Ineffective esophageal motility Esophageal hypomotility Esophageal manometry Gastroesophageal reflux disease Lung transplantation Acute rejection

Investigation on microstructure evolution of clayey soils: A review focusing on wetting/drying process

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2023年第1期15卷 269-284页

作者： Chao-Sheng Tang Qing Cheng Xuepeng Gong Bin Shi hilary I.Inyang School of Earth Sciences and Engineering Nanjing UniversityNanjing210023China Global Education and Infrastructure Services Inc. CharlotteUSA

Variability in moisture content is a common condition in natural soils.It influences soil properties significantly.A comprehensive understanding of the evolution of soil microstructure in wetting/drying process is of great significance for interpretation of soil macro hydro-mechanical behavior.In this review paper,methods that are commonly used to study soil microstructure are summarized.Among them are scanning electron microscope(SEM),environmental SEM(ESEM),mercury intrusion porosimetry(MIP)and computed tomography(CT)technology.Moreover,progress in research on the soil microstructure evolution during drying,wetting and wetting/drying cycles is summarized based on reviews of a large body of research papers published in the past several decades.Soils compacted on the wet side of op-timum water content generally have a matrix-type structure with a monomodal pore size distribution(PSD),whereas soils compacted on the dry side of optimum water content display an aggregate structure that exhibits bimodal PSD.During drying,decrease in soil volume is mainly caused by the shrinkage of inter-aggregate pores.During wetting,both the intra-and inter-aggregate pores increase gradually in number and sizes.Changes in the characteristics of the soil pore structure significantly depend on stress state as the soil is subjected to wetting.During wetting/drying cycles,soil structural change is not completely reversible,and the generated cumulative swelling/shrinkage deformation mainly derives from macro-pores.Furthermore,based on this analysis and identified research needs,some important areas of research focus are proposed for future work.These areas include innovative methods of sample preparation,new observation techniques,fast quantitative analysis of soil structure,integration of microstructural parameters into macro-mechanical models,and soil microstructure evolution charac-teristics under multi-field coupled conditions.

关键词： Soil microstructure Pore size distribution(PSD) Wetting/drying cycle Suction Volume change

Pre-Lung transplant reflux testing demonstrates high prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux in cystic fibrosis and reduces chronic rejection risk

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World Journal of Transplantation 2023年第4期13卷 138-146页

作者： Wai-Kit Lo Ryan Flanagan Nirmal Sharma hilary J Goldberg Walter W Chan Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and EndoscopyBrigham and Women's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Brigham and Women's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02115United States

BACKGROUND Gastroesophageal reflux(GER)has been associated with poor outcomes after lung transplantation for chronic lung disease,including increased risk of chronic rejection.GER is common in cystic fibrosis(CF),but factors influencing the likelihood of pre-transplant pH testing,and the impact of testing on clinical management and transplant outcomes in patients with CF are unknown.AIM To evaluate the role of pre-transplant reflux testing in the evaluation of lung transplant candidates with CF.METHODS This was a retrospective study from 2007-2019 at a tertiary medical center that included all patients with CF undergoing lung transplant.Patients with pretransplant anti-reflux surgery were excluded.Baseline characteristics(age at transplantation,gender,race,body mass index),self-reported GER symptoms prior to transplantation,and pre-transplant cardiopulmonary testing results,were recorded.Reflux testing consisted of either 24-h pH-or combined multichannel intraluminal impedance and pH monitoring.Post-transplant care included a standard immunosuppressive regimen,and regular surveillance bronchoscopy and pulmonary spirometry in accordance with institutional practice as well as in symptomatic patients.The primary outcome of chronic lung allograft dysfunction(CLAD)was defined clinically and histologically per International Society of Heart and Lung Transplantation criteria.Statistical analysis was performed with Fisher’s exact test to assess differences between cohorts,and time-to-event Cox proportional hazards modeling.RESULTS After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria,a total of 60 patients were included in the study.Among all CF patients,41(68.3%)completed reflux monitoring as part of pre-lung transplant evaluation.Objective evidence of pathologic reflux,defined as acid exposure time>4%,was found in 24 subjects,representing 58%of the tested group.CF patients with pre-transplant reflux testing were older(35.8 vs 30.1 years,P=0.01)and more commonly reported typical esophageal reflux symptoms(53.7%vs 26.3%,P=0.06

关键词： Cystic fibrosis Gastroesophageal reflux Lung transplantation pH monitoring

Soil micro-penetration resistance as an index of its infiltration processes during rainfall

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2022年第5期14卷 1580-1587页

作者： Chao-Sheng Tang Xue-Peng Gong Zhengtao Shen Qing Cheng hilary Inyang Chao Lv Bin Shi School of Earth Sciences and Engineering Nanjing University163 Xianlin AvenueNanjing210023China Global Institute for Sustainable Development CharlotteNCUSA

Rainfall infiltration is one of the most important driving factors of geological hazards, ecological environment problems, and engineering accidents. Understanding the principle of soil wetting during rainfall infiltration and its influence on soil mechanical properties is crucial for preventing geological hazards. In this study, micro-penetration tests coupled with moisture monitoring were performed to investigate the infiltration process during wetting through the measured change in mechanical characteristics. Results show that penetration resistance increases in the deep layer gradually. With increasing infiltration time,the wetting front keeps moving downward, and its range becomes wider. A slight increase of the penetration resistance in the shallow layer(d ≤ 17.5 mm) is observed. However, the penetration resistance in the middle layer(22.5 mm ≤ d ≤ 32.5 mm) decreases firstly before a slight increase. In the deep layer(d ≥ 37.5 mm), the penetration resistance decreases continuously during infiltration. Based on the measured water content profile during infiltration, it is found that the evolution of soil mechanical characteristics is fully responsible by the infiltration-induced re-distribution of water content along depth. Generally, the penetration resistance decreases exponentially with increasing water content in the soil. When the water content is low, wetting can weaken soil strength significantly, whereas this effect diminishes when the moisture surpasses a certain threshold. The results highlight that the penetration curves and water content profile show close inter-dependency and consistency, which verifies the feasibility of using micro-penetration to investigate rainfall infiltration and wetting process in surface soil layer or laboratory small-scale soil samples. This method enables fast, versatile and high-resolution measurements of infiltration process and moisture distribution in soil.

关键词： Micro-penetration test Soil wetting Rainfall infiltration Water content Hydro-mechanical behavior Microstructure

Design of a Low-Cost Air Quality Monitoring System Using Arduino and ThingSpeak

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第1期70卷 151-169页

作者： Anabi hilary Kelechi Mohammed H.Alsharif Chidumebi Agbaetuo Osichinaka UbadikeAlex Aligbe Peerapong Uthansakul Raju Kannadasan Ayman A.Aly Department of Aerospace Engineering College of EngineeringAirForce Institute of TechnologyKadunaNigeria Department of Electrical Engineering College of Electronics and Information EngineeringSejong UniversitySeoul05006Korea Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Engineering College of EngineeringCovenant UniversityCanaanlandOtaP.M.B 1023OgunNigeria School of Telecommunication Engineering Suranaree University of TechnologyNakhon RatchasimaThailand Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Sri Venkateswara College of EngineeringChennai602117India Department of Mechanical Engineering College of EngineeringTaif UniversityTaif21944Saudi Arabia

The impact of daily emissions of gaseous and particulate pollutants of machines and industries on human health and the environment has attracted increasing concerns.This impact has significantly led to a notable increase in mortality in the highly industrialized zones.Therefore,monitoring air quality and creating public awareness are important for a safer future,which led the governments globally to investmulti-billion in policymaking and solution stratification to address the problem.This study aims to design a realtime Internet of Things low-cost air quality monitoring system.The system utilizes air quality and carbon monoxide sensors for monitoring gaseous pollutants.Moreover,the system utilizes an Arduino Nano development board equipped with a WiFi module to effectively send readings to a ThingSpeak online channel platformfor instantaneous and real-time display of air quality.The ThingSpeak uses HTTP protocols to send emails in raising awareness of poor air quality.The level of concentration is monitored graphically through channels with the help of ThingSpeak to aid remote communication.Athreshold value is set.Thus,when pollutants have become unhealthy and harmful,the system trips off an alarm,and e-mail notifications are sent to the officials.The results have shown that the work was successfully implemented a design of a low-cost air quality monitoring system using Arduino and ThingSpeak,showing that an air quality system can be implemented using a low-cost technology,Arduino and ThingSpeak.

关键词： IoT air quality MQ 135 sensor MQ-7 sensor air pollution