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Ineffective esophageal motility is associated with acute rejection after lung transplantation independent of gastroesophageal reflux

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2023年第21期29卷 3292-3301页

作者： Wai-Kit Lo Brent Hiramoto hilary j goldberg Nirmal Sharma Walter W Chan Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and EndoscopyBrigham and Women's HospitalBostonMA 02115United States Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Brigham and Women's HospitalBostonMA 02115United States

BACKGROUND Gastroesophageal reflux is associated with poorer outcomes after lung transplant,likely through recurrent aspiration and allograft *** prior studies have demonstrated a relationship between impedance-pH results and transplant outcomes,the role of esophageal manometry in the assessment of lung transplant patients remains debated,and the impact of esophageal dysmotility on transplant outcomes is *** particular interest is ineffective esophageal motility(IEM)and its associated impact on esophageal *** To assess the relationship between pre-transplant IEM diagnosis and acute rejection after lung *** This was a retrospective cohort study of lung transplant recipients at a tertiary care center between 2007 and *** with pre-transplant anti-reflux surgery were *** and reflux diagnoses were recorded from pre-transplant esophageal function ***-to-event analysis using Cox proportional hazards model was applied to evaluate outcome of first episode of acute cellular rejection,defined histologically per International Society of Heart and Lung Transplantation *** not meeting this endpoint were censored at time of post-transplant anti-reflux surgery,last clinic visit,or ***’s exact test for binary variables and student’s t-test for continuous variables were performed to assess for differences between *** Of 184 subjects(54%men,mean age:58,follow-up:443 person-years)met criteria for *** pulmonary fibrosis represented the predominant pulmonary diagnosis(41%).During the follow-up period,60 subjects(33.5%)developed acute *** all-cause mortality was 16.3%.Time-to-event univariate analyses demonstrated significant association between IEM and acute rejection[hazard ratio(HR):1.984,95%CI:1.03-3.30,P=0.04],confirmed on Kaplan-Meier *** multivariable analysis,IEM remained independently associated with acute rejection,even after c

关键词： Ineffective esophageal motility Esophageal hypomotility Esophageal manometry Gastroesophageal reflux disease Lung transplantation Acute rejection

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Pre-Lung transplant reflux testing demonstrates high prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux in cystic fibrosis and reduces chronic rejection risk

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World journal of Transplantation 2023年第4期13卷 138-146页

作者： Wai-Kit Lo Ryan Flanagan Nirmal Sharma hilary j goldberg Walter W Chan Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and EndoscopyBrigham and Women's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Brigham and Women's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02115United States

BACKGROUND Gastroesophageal reflux(GER)has been associated with poor outcomes after lung transplantation for chronic lung disease,including increased risk of chronic *** is common in cystic fibrosis(CF),but factors influencing the likelihood of pre-transplant pH testing,and the impact of testing on clinical management and transplant outcomes in patients with CF are *** To evaluate the role of pre-transplant reflux testing in the evaluation of lung transplant candidates with *** This was a retrospective study from 2007-2019 at a tertiary medical center that included all patients with CF undergoing lung *** with pretransplant anti-reflux surgery were *** characteristics(age at transplantation,gender,race,body mass index),self-reported GER symptoms prior to transplantation,and pre-transplant cardiopulmonary testing results,were *** testing consisted of either 24-h pH-or combined multichannel intraluminal impedance and pH ***-transplant care included a standard immunosuppressive regimen,and regular surveillance bronchoscopy and pulmonary spirometry in accordance with institutional practice as well as in symptomatic *** primary outcome of chronic lung allograft dysfunction(CLAD)was defined clinically and histologically per International Society of Heart and Lung Transplantation *** analysis was performed with Fisher’s exact test to assess differences between cohorts,and time-to-event Cox proportional hazards *** After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria,a total of 60 patients were included in the *** all CF patients,41(68.3%)completed reflux monitoring as part of pre-lung transplant *** evidence of pathologic reflux,defined as acid exposure time>4%,was found in 24 subjects,representing 58%of the tested *** patients with pre-transplant reflux testing were older(35.8 vs 30.1 years,P=0.01)and more commonly reported typical

关键词： Cystic fibrosis Gastroesophageal reflux Lung transplantation pH monitoring

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Pre-lung transplant measures of reflux on impedance are superior to p H testing alone in predicting early allograft injury

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第30期21卷 9111-9117页

作者： Wai-Kit Lo Robert Burakoff hilary j goldberg Natan Feldman Walter W Chan Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and EndoscopyBrigham and Women’s Hospital Department of Gastroenterology VA Boston Healthcare System Harvard Medical School Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Brigham and Women’s Hospital

AIM:To evaluate pre-lung transplant acid reflux on p H-testing vs corresponding bolus reflux on multichannel intraluminal impedance(MII) to predict early allograft ***:This was a retrospective cohort study of lung transplant recipients who underwent pretransplant combined MII-p H-testing at a tertiary care center from january 2007 to November 2012. Patients with pre-transplant fundoplication were excluded. Time-to-event analysis was performed using a Cox proportional hazards model to assess associations between measures of reflux on MII-p H testing and early allograft injury. Area under the receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve(c-statistic) of the Cox model was calculated to assess the predictive value of each reflux parameter for early allograft injury. Six p H-testing parameters and their corresponding MIImeasures were specified a priori. The p H parameters were upright,recumbent,and overall acid reflux exposure; elevated acid reflux exposure; total acid reflux episodes; and acid clearance time. The corresponding MII measures were upright,recumbent,and overall bolus reflux exposure; elevated bolus reflux exposure; total bolus reflux episodes; and bolus clearance ***:Thirty-two subjects(47% men,mean age:55 years old) met the inclusion criteria of the study. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis(46.9%) repres e n t e d t h e m o s t c o m m o n p u l m o n a r y d i a g n o s i s leading to transplantation. Baseline demographics,pre-transplant cardiopulmonary function,number of lungs transplanted(unilateral vs bilateral),and posttransplant proton pump inhibitor use were similar between reflux severity groups. The area under the ROC curve,or c-statistic,of each acid reflux parameter on pre-transplant p H-testing was lower than its bolus reflux counterpart on MII in the prediction of early allograft injury. In addition,the development of early allograft injury was significantly associated with three pre-transplant MII measures of bolus reflux:overal

关键词： Gastroesophageal reflux Lung transplant Multichannel intraluminal impedance pH-monitoring Allograft injury

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Reconciling the Earth’s stratigraphic record with the structure of our galaxy

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Geoscience Frontiers 2019年第6期10卷 2147-2151页

作者： Michael Gillman hilary Erenler School of Life Sciences University of LincolnUK University of Northampton UK

The passage of our Solar System through the spiral arms has been implicated as a contributor to global environmental *** suggestion of a consistent structure within the arms,informed by density wave theory,raises the possibility of repeating patterns of events at each arm *** we test the hypothesis that the structure of the arms of our galaxy influences the stratigraphic record on *** construct independent structural and temporal models and colbine these to compare the timings of arm tracers,materials from the earliest Solar System and events on Earth,including the largest *** find that a recurring sequence of events across the four arms emerges with an average arm-passing time of 188 million *** suggest that the multiple temporal overlaps of events across arms,and their alignment with arm tracers and the earliest Solar System,presents an opportunity for a greater understanding of both Earth-based phenomena and galactic structure.

关键词： Spiral arms Stratigraphy Superchron Earliest Solar System Extinctions Glaciations

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Air pollution and liver cancer: A systematic review

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journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第4期126卷 817-826页

作者： Ting Gan hilary Bambrick Shilu Tong Wenbiao Hu School of Public Health and Social Work Queensland University of TechnologyQueensland 4059Australia National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health Australian National UniversityAustralian Capital Territory 2601Australia Shanghai Children’s Medical Center School of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200127China

Air pollution has previously been linked to several adverse health outcomes, but the potential association between air pollution and liver cancer remains unclear. We searched Pub Med, EMBASE, and Web of Science from inception to 10 October 2021, and manually reviewed the references of relevant papers to further identify any related literature investigating possible associations between air pollution and liver cancer. Risk estimates values were represented by statistical associations based on quantitative analyses. A total of 13cohort studies obtained from 11 articles were included, with 10,961,717 participants. PM_(2.5)was the most frequently examined pollutant(included in 11 studies), followed by NO_(2)and NOx(included in 6 studies), and fewer studies focused on other pollutants(PM_(2.5)absorbance,PM_(10), PM_(2.5–10), O_(3), and BC). In all the 16 associations for liver cancer mortality, 14 associations reported the effect of PM_(2.5)on liver cancer mortality. Eight associations on PM_(2.5)were significant, showing a suggestive association between PM_(2.5)and liver cancer mortality. Among24 associations shown by risk estimates for liver cancer incidence, most associations were not statistically significant. For other air pollutants, no positive associations were presented in these studies. PM_(2.5)was the most frequently examined pollutant, followed by NO_(2)and NOx, and fewer studies focused on other pollutants. PM_(2.5)was associated with liver cancer mortality, but there was no association for other air pollutants. Future research should use advanced statistical methods to further assess the impact of multiple air pollutants on liver cancer in the changing socio-environmental context.

关键词： Air pollution PM_(2.5) Liver cancer Incidence Mortality Systematic review

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Hotspot of Adult Cuban Treefrog and Cane Toad Multi-organ Abnormality in Suburban South-west Florida

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Asian Herpetological Research 2020年第2期11卷 139-154页

作者： Sharon Pratt ANZALDUA javier goldberg Private University 27427 Horne Ave Bonita SpringsFlorida 34135USA Instituto de Bio y Geociencias del NOA(IBIGEO-CONICET) CCT-Salta9 de Julio 14Rosario de LermaSalta 4405Argentina

This study represents a continuation of the Florida hotspot of tadpole abnormality found in the Southwest Florida suburban roadside drainage ditches in 2012 to determine if the adult frogs and toads frequenting the study sites were anatomically *** gross examination of all organs included 397 adult anurans and 40 metamorphs representing five anuran species:Osteopilus septentrionalis(N=364),Rhinella marina(N=60),Lithobates sphenocephala(N=7),Anaxyrus terrestris(N=5)and Anaxyrus americanus(N=1).The gonads,liver,kidney and intestines were abnormal at a frequency of 87.4%.The few normal anurans(12.6%)were females and young male *** found a significant difference in organ abnormality type and f requency between *** all f rog and toad males had testicular abnormality(92%)with only 6%with normal testes,whereas the female gonad abnormality was lower,at 41.6%.Hermaphroditism was found in both sexes at a frequency of 26.2%.The toads had a significantly higher frequency of hermaphroditism than the *** toad hermaphroditism frequency was found to be 40%,whereas the frog hermaphroditism 23.3%.A hermaphrodite Cane toad male with a female phenotype coexisted with the normal male phenotype *** fertility of 27 in situ pairs was *** fertile testicular abnormal male and hermaphrodite pairs produced offspring with abnormal larval *** information adds new evidence of the effect of chemicals on wild populations and the effect on non-target species which has always been underestimated.

关键词： gonad hermaphrodite malformation Osteopilus septentrionalis Rhinella marina

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Chemical and physical variations of cannabis smoke from a variety of cannabis samples in New Zealand

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Forensic Sciences Research 2019年第2期4卷 168-178页

作者： Thomas j.Sheehan hilary j.Hamnett Richard Beasley Paul S.Fitzmaurice Toxicology Institute of Environmental Science and Research(ESR)PoriruaNew Zealand Medical Research Institute of New Zealand WellingtonNew Zealand Toxicology Unit Imperial College LondonLondonUK. Gribbles Veterinary Palmerston NorthNew Zealand

Studies have compared the chemical properties of tobacco smoke to those of cannabis smoke,with the objective of identifying the chemical attributes responsible for the mutagenicity and carcinogenicity of cannabis *** studies have included small sample sizes and produced conflicting *** aim of this study was to assess the major chemical and physical variations of cannabis smoke across a range of cannabis samples of different potencies and origins,sourced from the illegal market in New *** cannabis samples were studied ranging from 1.0%to 13.4%delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol(D9THC)content.A smoking machine was used to smoke“joints”(cannabis cigarettes)and the chemical/physical properties of the smoke *** chemical constituents of the smoke extracts were analysed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry.A range of different chemical constituents(in addition to D9THC)were identified and their concentrations *** were identified as the major variable in cannabis smoke,showing a 40-fold range in total terpenoid *** of the total particulate matter showed that significantly different levels of particulate matter were produced between the different cannabis samples,ranging from 14.6 to 66.3 mg/g of cannabis *** D9THC delivery efficiency during smoking was also investigated and produced consistent results showing a mean and median of 12.6%and 10.8%,respectively,of the theoretically available D9THC(ranging from 7.2%to 28.0%).

关键词： Forensic science forensic toxicology cannabis smoke delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol terpenoids gas chromatography/mass spectrometry total particulate matter

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Biochemical and molecular changes in peach fruit exposed to cold stress conditions

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Molecular Horticulture 2023年第1期3卷 64-80页

作者： Giulia Franzoni Natasha Damiana Spadafora Tiziana Maria Sirangelo Antonio Ferrante hilary j.Rogers Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences University of MilanVia Celoria 220133 MilanItaly Department of Chemical Pharmaceutical and Agricultural SciencesUniversity of Ferrara44121 FerraraItaly ENEA-Italian National Agency for New Technologies Energy and Sustainable Economic Development-Division Biotechnologies and Agroindustry00123 RomeItaly School of Biosciences Cardiff UniversitySir Martin Evans BuildingMuseum AvenueCardiff CF103AXUK

Storage or transportation temperature is very important for preserving the quality of ***,low temperature in sensitive fruit such as peach can induce loss of *** exposed to a specific range of temperatures and for a longer period can show chilling injury(CI)*** susceptibility to CI at low temperature varies among cultivars and genetic *** with agronomic management,appropriate postharvest management can limit quality *** importance of correct temperature management during postharvest handling has been widely ***,due to long-distance markets and complex logistics that require multiple actors,the management of storage/transportation conditions is crucial for the quality of products reaching the *** fruit exposed to low temperatures activate a suite of physiological,metabolomic,and molecular changes that attempt to counteract the negative effects of chilling *** this review an overview of the factors involved,and plant responses is presented and critically *** disorders associated with CI generally only appear after the storage/transportation,hence early detection methods are needed to monitor quality and detect internal changes which will lead to CI *** detection tools are assessed:they need to be easy to use,and preferably non-destructive to avoid loss of products.

关键词： Chilling injury Postharvest Cold stress Gene expression Molecular tools Prunus persica L

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Environmental variation shifts the relationship between trees and scatterhoarders along the continuum from mutualism to antagonism

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Integrative Zoology 2018年第3期13卷 319-330页

作者： Gina M.SAWAYA Adam S.goldberg Michael A.STEELE Harmony j.DALGLEISH Department of Biology College of William and MaryWilliamsburgVirginiaUSA Department of Biology Wilkes UniversityWilkes-BarrePennsylvaniaUSA

The conditional mutualism between scatterhoarders and trees varies on a continuum from mutualism to antagonism and can change across time and space,and among *** examined 4 tree species(red oak[Quercus rubra],white oak[Quercus alba],American chestnut[Castanea dentata]and hybrid chestnut[***×Castanea] mollissima)across 5 sites and 3 years to quantify the variability in this conditional *** used a published model to compare the rates of seed emergence with and without burial to the probability that seeds will be cached and left uneaten by scatterhoarders to quantify variation in the conditional mutualism that can be explained by environmental variation among sites,years,species,and seed provenance within *** species tested had increased emergence when ***,comparing benefits of burial to the probability of caching by scatterhoarders indicated a mutualism in red oak,while white oak was nearly always *** was variable around the boundary between mutualism and antagonism,indicating a high degree of context dependence in the relationship with *** found that different seed provenances did not vary in their potential for *** did not explain microsite differences in seed emergence in any of the species *** hybrid chestnut only,emergence on the surface declined with soil moisture in the *** quantifying the variation in the conditional mutualism that was not caused by changes in scatterhoarder behavior,we show that environmental conditions and seed traits are an important and underappreciated component of the variation in the relationship between trees and scatterhoarders.

关键词： Castanea dentata conditional mutualism Quercus alba Quercus rubra temperate forest

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An indisputable link between climate emergency and human health

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2023年第6期14卷 811-813页

作者： Shilu TONG hilary BAMBRICK Xiao-Yuan YAO National Institute of Environmental Health Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing 100021China School of Public Health and Social Work Queensland University of TechnologyBrisbane QLD 400lAustralia National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health The Australian National UniversityCanberra ACT 2600Australia

Climate change is one of the greatest health challenges that humanity *** Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change estimates that 3.3 billion people worldwide are highly vulnerable to climate change and confront greater health risks as a consequence(IPCC,2023).The fact that climate change is a health issue is finally being widely recognised.

关键词： climate Climate consequence

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