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Relationship between Perioperative N-Terminal Pro-Brain Natriuretic Peptide (NT-proBNP) and Complications in Thoracic Surgery

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Open Journal of Thoracic Surgery 2018年第2期8卷 29-36页

作者： Kantaro Hara Takuma Tsukioka Nobuhiro Izumi Kyukwang Chung Hiroaki Komatsu Michihito Toda hikaru miyamoto Satoshi Suzuki Takuya Kimura Toshihiko Shibata Noritoshi Nishiyama Department of Thoracic Surgery Osaka City University Hospital Osaka Japan

Background: In cardiac surgery, the N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) level is reportedly correlated with the onset of postoperative complications. We examined the relationship between the NT-proBNP level and perioperative complications in thoracic surgery and elucidated the significance of NT-proBNP measurement. Methods: We evaluated 48 patients excluding hemodialysis patients who underwent lung resection from November 2015 to February 2016. NT-proBNP measurement was performed three times preoperatively on postoperative days 2 and 5. We examined the relationship between clinical background factors such as preoperative comorbidity and the development of postoperative complications. Based on established criteria for surgical complications (Clavien-Dindo classification), grade ≥ II was defined as a complications. We classified the patients into two groups (with or without complications) and compared and examined the background factors between the groups. Results: The study included 48 patients (33 male, 15 female) with an average age of 72 years (range, 35 - 86 years). Preoperative comorbidities included cardiovascular disease in five patients, diabetes mellitus in four, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in six. The average operation time was 163 (29 - 308) minutes, and the bleeding volume was 30 (10 - 620) ml. Early complications were confirmed in 11 patients, and late complications were confirmed in 7 patients. A high NT-proBNP level on postoperative day 5 was an independent risk factor for late complications. Conclusion: The perioperative NT-proBNP level is considered to be a predictor of complications. Its measurement is useful for predicting postoperative complications, and careful perioperative management is required for patients with high levels.

关键词： NT-proBNP Perioperative Management Lung Resection Postoperative Complications

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An Experimental Study on Response and Control of a Flapping-Wing Aerial Robot Under Wind Gusts

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2024年第1期21卷 209-223页

作者： Kazuki Shimura hikaru Aono Chang-kwon Kang Graduate School of Science and Technology Shinshu University3-15-1 TokidaUedaNagano 3868567Japan Department of Mechanical Engineering and Robotics 3-15-1 TokidaUedaNagano 3868567Japan Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering University of Alabama in HuntsvilleTechnology Hall N266HuntsvilleAL35899USA

Bioinspired flapping-wing micro-air-vehicles(FWMAVs)have the potential to be useful aerial tools for gathering information in various *** recent advancements in manufacturing technologies and better understanding of aerodynamic mechanisms behind of the flapping flight,outdoor flights have become a ***,to fully realize the potential of FWMAVs,further improvements are necessary,particularly in terms of stability and robustness under gusty *** this study,the response and control of a tailless two-winged FWMAV under the wind gusts are *** experiments are conducted with a one-degree-of-freedom gimbal to focus on effects of wind gusts on the rotational motion of the ***-derivative and sliding-mode controls are adopted for the attitude *** present that the body angles changed in time and reached approximately 50°at the maximum due to the wing *** sliding-mode controller can more effectively control the rotational angle in the presence of disturbances and both the wing speed and changes in wind speed have an impact on the effectiveness of attitude *** results contribute to the development of of tailless two-winged,single-motor driven FWMAVs in terms of the design of attitude controller and testing apparatus.

关键词： Flapping-wing micro-air vehicles Sliding-mode control Pitch and roll angle-Wind gus

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Near wake vortex dynamics of a hovering hawkmoth

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2009年第1期25卷 23-36页

作者： hikaru Aono Wei Shyy Hao Liu Department of Aerospace Engineering University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA Graduate School of Engineering Chiba University Chiba 263-8522 Japan

Numerical investigation of vortex dynamics in near wake of a hovering hawkmoth and hovering aerodynamics is conducted to support the development of a biology-inspired dynamic flight simulator for flapping wingbased micro air vehicles. Realistic wing-body morphologies and kinematics are adopted in the numerical simulations. The computed results show 3D mechanisms of vortical flow structures in hawkmoth-like hovering. A horseshoe-shaped primary vortex is observed to wrap around each wing during the early down- and upstroke; the horseshoe-shaped vortex subsequently grows into a doughnut-shaped vortex ring with an intense jet-flow present in its core, forming a downwash. The doughnut-shaped vortex rings of the wing pair eventu- ally break up into two circular vortex rings as they propagate downstream in the wake. The aerodynamic yawing and rolling torques are canceled out due to the symmetric wing kinematics even though the aerodynamic pitching torque shows significant variation with time. On the other hand, the time- varying the aerodynamics pitching torque could make the body a longitudinal oscillation over one flapping cycle.

关键词： Aerodynamics Hovering Hawkmoth Vortical flow structure

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Actively-controlled Beds for Ambulances

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International Journal of Automation and computing 2009年第1期6卷 1-6页

作者： Takahiko Ono hikaru Inooka Graduate School of Information Sciences Hiroshima City University Asaminami-ku Research House LOGOS Aoba-ku

During transportation by ambulance, a patient is exposed to inertial acceleration when an ambulance decelerates or turns a corner. Such acceleration often gives a patient physical stress such as blood pressure variation or body sway, which causes strong pain, feeling of discomfort or sometimes critical damage for seriously injured persons. To reduce this undesirable effect of the acceleration, the authors developed the actively-controlled bed （ACB） which controls the posture of a stretcher in real time to reduce foot-to-head and lateral acceleration acting on a supine person. This paper describes development of the ACB, including control system design and performance evaluation. The control system is designed by Zakian＇s framework, which comprises the principle of matching and the method of inequalities, so that the design specifications on the tracking error and the motor torque are satisfied. From the results of driving experiments and simulation, it is estimated that the ACB can reduce the acceleration acting on a patient by 65% in the foot-to-head direction and by 75% in the lateral direction.

关键词： Control systems mechanical systems motor control acceleration control position control.

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Reactivity improvement of ilmenite by calcium nitrate melt infiltration for Chemical Looping Combustion of biomass

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Carbon Resources Conversion 2019年第1期2卷 51-58页

作者： Martin Keller hikaru Oka Junichiro Otomo Graduate School of Frontier Sciences The University of Tokyo5-1-5 KashiwanohaKashiwa-shiChiba 277-8563Japan

Chemical Looping Combustion is a novel process that generates sequestration-ready CO_(2) from the combustion of woody biomass without requiring a gas separation step and without diluting the CO_(2) with N_(2) from *** is achieved by oxidizing the fuel with lattice oxygen of a metal oxide oxygen *** using cheap and abundant ilmenite ore(FeTiO3)as the oxygen carrier,the rather low reactivity towards volatiles released from the biomass upon devolatilization,as well as detrimental structural changes due to a segregation of Fe and Ti in the material,are of *** issues can be addressed by modifying ilmenite with Ca via melt *** this work,we demonstrate that this modification results in a good distribution of Ca throughout the ilmenite particles that a)prevents detrimental Fe/Ti segregation,b)improves the mechanical stability of the particle compared to materials prepared by solution impregnation and c)improves the reactivity of this material towards hydrogen and wet ***,fixed bed experiments showed that the Ca modification not only resulted in increased methane conversion,but also in an increased degree of oxidation of gaseous intermediates CO and *** thus conclude that the performance of ilmenite in Chemical Looping processes can be significantly enhanced by Ca modification of ilmenite either prior to use or in-situ during operation of this bed material with Ca-rich fuels such as woody biomass.

关键词： Carbon dioxide removal Chemical Looping Combustion Ilmenite Melt infiltration BECCS Biomass combustion

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Coupling of plasmonic nanopore pairs: facing dipoles attract each other

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Light(Science & Applications) 2016年第1期5卷 492-498页

作者： Takumi Sannomiya hikaru Saito Juliane Junesch Naoki Yamamoto Department of Innovative and Engineered Materials Tokyo Institute of TechnologyYokohama 226-8503Japan Center of Advanced Instrumental Analysis Kyushu UniversityKasuga 816-8580Japan Department of Physics Chalmers University of TechnologyGothenburg 41296Sweden

Control of the optical properties of nano-plasmonic structures is essential for next-generation optical circuits and high-throughput biosensing *** of such nano-optical devices requires optical couplings of various nanostructured elements and field confinement at the *** particular,symmetric coupling modes,also referred to as dark modes,have recently received considerable attention because these modes can confine light energy to small *** the coupling behavior of plasmonic nanoparticles has been relatively well studied,couplings of inverse structures,that is,holes and pores,remain partially *** for the most fundamental coupling system of two dipolar holes,comparison of the symmetric and antisymmetric coupling modes has not been *** we present,for the first time,a systematic study of the symmetric and anti-symmetric coupling of nanopore pairs using cathodoluminescence by scanning transmission electron microscopy and electromagnetic *** symmetric coupling mode,approximated as a pair of facing dipoles,is observed at a lower energy than that of the anti-symmetric coupling mode,indicating that the facing dipoles attract each *** anti-symmetric coupling mode splits into the inner-and outer-edge localized modes as the coupling distance *** coupling behaviors cannot be fully explained as inverses of coupled *** and anti-symmetric coupling modes are also observed in a short-range ordered pore array,where one pore supports multiple local resonance modes,depending on the distance to the neighboring *** to the observed symmetric modes by far field is also discussed,which is important for nanophotonic device applications.

关键词： cathodoluminescence plasmonic nanopore short-range order surface plasmon transmission electron microscopy

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Reimagining Modern Education: Contributions from Modern Japanese Philosophy and Practice?

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ECNU Review of Education 2020年第1期3卷 20-45页

作者： hikaru Komatsu Jeremy Rappleye Kyoto University

Purpose:Amidst ongoing attempts to think beyondWestern frameworks for education,there is a tendency to overlook Japan,perhaps because it appears highly *** is striking given that some prominent strands of Japanese philosophy have formulated an explicit and exacting challenge to the core onto-epistemic premises of modern Western *** is also surprising because Japanese educational practices have resulted in some of the highest achievement outcomes—both cognitive and noncognitive—found anywhere in the world and inculcate a worldview that is ***/Approach/Methods:Herein,we thus attempt to make visible the potential contribution of modern Japanese philosophy by outlining some of the core ideas,then turn to sketch resonances with and responses to other projects outlined in this Special *** approach is elucidation through relational ***:Through this process,we suggest that the notion of self-negation as a mode of learning may be helpful in explaining why—at the empirical level—the outlook of Japanese students,and perhaps other East Asian students,diverge markedly from their Western *** we also find that an attempt,such as ours,to link divergent onto-epistemic thought to alternative empirical hypotheses quickly gives rise to various doubts and discomforts,even among otherwise sympathetic ***/Value:In directly responding to these doubts,one original contribution of our piece is to show just how difficult it may ultimately be to divest from the symbolic foundations already laid by Western liberalism:Even if divergent thought can be imagined and different cultural narratives explored,dominant readings of empirical“realities”continue to be entrapped in the logic laid by Western liberalism.

关键词： Japanese education Kyoto School philosophy modes of learning stereotypes Western liberalism

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Secular change in lifetime of granitic crust and the continental growth: A new view from detrital zircon ages of sandstones

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Geoscience Frontiers 2018年第4期9卷 1099-1115页

作者： hikaru Sawada Yukio Isozaki Shuhei Sakata Takafumi Hirata Shigenori Maruyama Department of General System Studies The University of Tokyo Earth-Life Science Institute(ELSI) Tokyo Institute of Technology Department of Chemistry Gakushuin University Geochemical Research Center The University of Tokyo

U-Pb ages of detrital zircons were newly dated for 4 Archean sandstones from the Pilbara craton in Australia, Wyoming craton in North America, and Kaapvaal craton in Africa. By using the present results with previously published data, we compiled the age spectra of detrital zircons for 2.9, 2.6, 2.3,1.0, and0.6 Ga sandstones and modern river sands in order to document the secular change in age structure of continental crusts through time. The results demonstrated the following episodes in the history of continental crust：（1） low growth rate of the continents due to the short cycle in production/destruction of granitic crust during the Neoarchean to Paleoproterozoic（2.9-23 Ga）,（2） net increase in volume of the continents during Paleo-to Mesoproterozoic（2.3-1.0 Ga）, and（3） net decrease in volume of the continents during the Neoproterozoic and Phanerozoic（after 1.0 Ga）. In the Archean and Paleoproterozoic, the embryonic continents were smaller than the modern continents, probably owing to the relatively rapid production and destruction of continental crust. This is indeed reflected in the heterogeneous crustal age structure of modern continents that usually have relatively small amount of Archean crusts with respect to the post-Archean ones. During the Mesoproterozoic, plural continents amalgamated into larger ones comparable to modern continental blocks in size. Relatively older crusts were preserved in continental interiors, whereas younger crusts were accreted along continental *** addition to continental arc magmatism, the direct accretion of intra-oceanic island arc around continental peripheries also became important for net continental growth. Since 1.0 Ga, total volume of continents has decreased, and this appears consistent with on-going phenomena along modern active arc-trench system with dominant tectonic erosion and/or arc subduction. Subduction of a huge amount of granitic crusts into the mantle through time is suggested, and this requires re-co

关键词： Detrital zircon U-Pb age Continental growth Subduction erosion Preservation bias

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Sustainable Campus Initiative at Keio University after the Great East Japan Earthquake Disaster

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2012年第2期3卷 123-130页

作者： Yingjiu Bai Yasushi Ikeda Shizuko Ota hikaru Kobayashi Graduate School of Media and Governance Keio UniversityKanagawa 252-8520Japan Office of Environmental Information Minister’s SecretariatMinistry of the EnvironmentGovernment of JapanTokyo 100-8975Japan

After the shock of the Great East Japan Earthquake on 11 March 2011, the issue of local sustainability is presently center stage in the Japanese political process, and educational and research values are imperative for long-term cost savings, risk management, and clean, efficient energy generation. This study illustrates the Sustainable Campus Initiative approach at Keio University that students have been undertaking to make the campus more sustainable and resilient during post-disaster restoration. To unveil innovative recovery concepts, processes, and social challenges, several outcomes that maximize energy efficiency and conservation opportunities are discussed. The results indicate that the Sustainable Campus Initiative contributed to energy relief in the summer of 2011. It made campus life more creative during a period when the 15 percent mandatory power-saving order by the government to big clients of Tokyo and Tohoku Electric was established. Pilot experiments provide a useful example of how the communications media have an extraordinary ability to increase public understanding of social issues. Since the March 11 disaster, power shortages have redirected renewed attention to fossil fuels. As large energy consumers, universities have an increased responsibility to demonstrate their commitment to sustainable design and encourage innovative development concepts in their regions in the future.

关键词： disaster Great Earthquake

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Regional management and biodiversity conservation in GIAHS:text analysis of municipal strategy and tourism management

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Ecosystem Health and Sustainability 2019年第1期5卷 124-132,I0019页

作者： Ryo Kohsaka hikaru Matsuoka Yuta Uchiyama Marie Rogel Graduate School of Environmental Studies Nagoya UniversityNagoyaJapan Institute of Science and Engineering Kanazawa UniversityKanazawaJapan Graduate School of Environmental Studies Tohoku UniversitySendaiJapan

Purpose of the research:To identify the gaps between the rhetoric and reality of the role of citizen participation and its role in maintenance and monitoring of heritages and resources(including biodiversity monitoring),we analyzed the discourse of Globally Important Agricultural Heritage System(GIAHS)at municipality ***:As an analytical framework,text mining is applied to interviews of officers at the municipal level of GIAHS in Noto which was amongst the first sites in *** identification of such gap is critical for sustainability and to prevent conflicts from tourism,agriculture or ***:The results reveal that(1)there is a gap between the official goals of that designation at the international level and local needs,(2)role of citizens is emphasized in the applications and action plans at rhetorical level but remain rather limited in practice and that(3)municipalities composing the GIAHS often have different priorities,even within the very same GIAHS sites,some municipalities even calling themselves“just a transition point to other destination municipalities.”Conclusions:It is critical for municipal officers to collaborate with various stakeholders,especially *** such,citizen science is a bottom-up approach to promote biodiversity conservation and facilitate GIAHS managements.

关键词： Municipality global institution GIAHS text mining co-occurrence analysis correspondence analysis

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