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Gestational heat stress alters skeletal muscle gene expression profiles and vascularity in fetal pigs in a sexually dimorphic manner

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2022年第6期13卷 1785-1798页

作者： Weicheng Zhao Mark P.Green Christina D.Marth Fan Liu hieu h.le Gordon S.Lynch Alan W.Bell Brian J.leury Frank R.Dunshea Jeremy J.Cottrell School of Agriculture and Food Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural SciencesThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVIC 3010Australia School of BioSciences Faculty of ScienceThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVIC 3010Australia Melbourne Veterinary School Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural SciencesThe University of MelbourneWerribeeVIC 3030Australia Rivalea Australia Pty Ltd CorowaNSW 2646Australia Centre for Muscle Research Department of Anatomy and PhysiologyThe University of MelbourneParkville 3010Australia Department of Animal Science Cornell UniversityIthacaNY 14853-4801USA Faculty of Biological Sciences The University of LeedsLeeds LS29JTUK

Background: There is evidence that sow heat stress(hS) during gestation affects fetal development with implications for impaired muscle growth. We have previously demonstrated that maternal hS during early to midgestation compromised muscle fibre hyperplasia in developing fetal pigs. Thus, we hypothesised these phenotypic changes are associated with a change in expression of genes regulating fetal skeletal muscle development and metabolism. To test this, at d 60 of gestation, RNA sequencing and immunohistochemistry were performed on fetal longissimus dorsi(LD) muscle biopsies collected from pregnant gilts that had experienced either thermoneutral control(CON, 20 ℃, n = 7 gilts, 18 LD samples) or controlled hS(cyclic 28 to 33 ℃, n = 8 gilts, 23 LD samples)conditions for 3 weeks.Results: A total of 282 genes were differentially expressed between the hS and CON groups in female LD muscles(false discovery rate(FDR) ≤ 0.05), whereas no differentially expressed genes were detected in male LD muscles between the two groups(FDR > 0.05). Gestational hS increased the expression of genes associated with transcription corepressor activity, adipogenesis cascades, negative regulation of angiogenesis and pro-inflammatory signalling in female LD muscles. Immunohistochemical analyses revealed a decreased muscle vascularity density in fetuses from hS group for both sexes compared to those from the CON group(P = 0.004).Conclusions: These results reveal gilt hS during early to mid-gestation altered gene expression profiles in fetal LD muscles in a sexually dimorphic manner. The molecular responses, including transcription and angiogenesis repressions and enhanced adipogenesis cascades, were exclusively observed in females. however, the associated reductions in muscle vascularity were observed independently of sexes. Collectively this may indicate female fetal pigs are more adaptive to gestational hS in terms of gene expression changes, and/or there may be sexually dimorphic differences with respect to the timing of muscle molecular

关键词： Adipogenesis Angiogenesis Fetal pig Gestation heat stress Sexual dimorphism Skeletal muscle Sows

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Regulation of insect behavior by non-coding RNAs

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第6期67卷 1106-1118页

作者： Jing he le Kang State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Beijing Institutes of Life Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China College of Life Science Hebei UniversityBaoding 071002China

The adaptation of insects to environments relies on a sophisticated set of behaviors controlled by molecular and physiological processes.Over the past several decades,accumulating studies have unveiled the roles of non-coding RNAs(nc RNAs)in regulating insect behaviors.nc RNAs assume particularly pivotal roles in the behavioral plasticity of insects by rapidly responding to environmental stimuli.nc RNAs also contribute to the maintenance of homeostasis of insects by fine-tuning the expression of target genes.however,a comprehensive review of nc RNAs'roles in regulating insect behaviors has yet to be conducted.here,we present the recent progress in our understanding of how nc RNAs regulate various insect behaviors,including flight and movement,social behavior,reproduction,learning and memory,and feeding.We refine the intricate mechanisms by which nc RNAs modulate the function of neural,motor,reproductive,and other physiological systems,as well as gene expression in insects like fruit flies,social insects,locusts,and mosquitos.Furthermore,we discuss potential avenues for future studies in nc RNA-mediated insect behaviors.

关键词： ncRNAs insect behavior plasticity fine-tuning environmental adaptation

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Advancing Wound Filling Extraction on 3D Faces:An Auto-Segmentation and Wound Face Regeneration Approach

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第5期139卷 2197-2214页

作者： Duong Q.Nguyen Thinh D.le Phuong D.Nguyen Nga T.K.le h.Nguyen-Xuan Department of Mathematics and Statistics Quy Nhon UniversityQuy Nhon City55100Viet Nam Applied Research Institute for Science and Technology Quy Nhon UniversityQuy Nhon City55100Viet Nam CIRTECh Institute HUTECH UniversityHo Chi Minh City72308Viet Nam

Facial wound segmentation plays a crucial role in preoperative planning and optimizing patient outcomes in various medical applications.In this paper,we propose an efficient approach for automating 3D facial wound segmentation using a two-stream graph convolutional network.Our method leverages the Cir3D-FaIR dataset and addresses the challenge of data imbalance through extensive experimentation with different loss functions.To achieve accurate segmentation,we conducted thorough experiments and selected a high-performing model from the trainedmodels.The selectedmodel demonstrates exceptional segmentation performance for complex 3D facial wounds.Furthermore,based on the segmentation model,we propose an improved approach for extracting 3D facial wound fillers and compare it to the results of the previous study.Our method achieved a remarkable accuracy of 0.9999993% on the test suite,surpassing the performance of the previous method.From this result,we use 3D printing technology to illustrate the shape of the wound filling.The outcomes of this study have significant implications for physicians involved in preoperative planning and intervention design.By automating facial wound segmentation and improving the accuracy ofwound-filling extraction,our approach can assist in carefully assessing and optimizing interventions,leading to enhanced patient outcomes.Additionally,it contributes to advancing facial reconstruction techniques by utilizing machine learning and 3D bioprinting for printing skin tissue implants.Our source code is available at https://***/SIMOGroup/WoundFilling3D.

关键词： 3D printing technology face reconstruction 3D segmentation 3D printed model

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Silent battles:immune responses in asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2024年第2期21卷 159-170页

作者： Nina le Bert Taraz Samandari Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases Duke-NUS Medical SchoolSingaporeSingapore

SARS-CoV-2 infections manifest with a broad spectrum of presentations,ranging from asymptomatic infections to severe pneumonia and fatal outcomes.This review centers on asymptomatic infections,a widely reported phenomenon that has substantially contributed to the rapid spread of the pandemic.In such asymptomatic infections,we focus on the role of innate,humoral,and cellular immunity.Notably,asymptomatic infections are characterized by an early and robust innate immune response,particularly a swift type 1 IFN reaction,alongside a rapid and broad induction of SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells.Often,antibody levels tend to be lower or undetectable after asymptomatic infections,suggesting that the rapid control of viral replication by innate and cellular responses might impede the full triggering of humoral immunity.Even if antibody levels are present in the early convalescent phase,they wane rapidly below serological detection limits,particularly following asymptomatic infection.Consequently,prevalence studies reliant solely on serological assays likely underestimate the extent of community exposure to the virus.

关键词： COVID-19 asymptomatic cellular immunity antibody

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大国数字货币对小国宏观金融形势溢出效应研究

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新金融 2024年第7期 53-58页

作者： Anh h.le Alexander Copestake Brandon Tan Evan Papageorgiou S.Jay Peiris Umang Rawat 唐成千周正铭国际货币基金组织

编者按：央行数字货币（CBDC）快速发展，与传统法定货币不同，CBDC对宏观经济，尤其是对邻国的宏观经济有哪些影响值得关注。本文建立了一个考虑内生货币替代和金融摩擦的两国新凯恩斯模型，以考察大型外国经济体发行的稳定币对小型发... 详细信息

编者按：央行数字货币（CBDC）快速发展，与传统法定货币不同，CBDC对宏观经济，尤其是对邻国的宏观经济有哪些影响值得关注。本文建立了一个考虑内生货币替代和金融摩擦的两国新凯恩斯模型，以考察大型外国经济体发行的稳定币对小型发展中经济体的影响。研究发现，外国稳定币为国内经济中的家庭提供流动性服务，并为国内通胀提供额外的对冲；同时，它的引入放大了货币替代效应，减少了银行中介作用，削弱了货币政策传导作用，加剧了衰退冲击的影响，增加了银行业经营压力；而资本管制提高了稳定币作为规避手段的使用率，增加了对外国冲击溢出效应的敞口。与国内中央银行数字货币不同，禁止外国稳定币支付可以缓解这些影响。本刊编译此篇国际货币基金组织（IMF）的工作论文，以期为读者带来启示。

关键词：央行数字货币(CBDC) 宏观金融形势溢出效应开放经济体金融摩擦

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Synthesis of hierarchically porous carbon materials by zinc salts-assisted carbonization of biomass and organic solid wastes

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Particuology 2024年第1期84卷 45-52页

作者： le-le Zhang lei Tong Yanwei Ding Wanqun Zhang hai-Wei Liang hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale Department of ChemistryUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230026China

hierarchically porous carbons(hPCs)with multimodal pores have attracted considerable attention due to their unique physical and chemical properties and various application potentials in heterogeneous catalysis,environmental treatment,and energy storage and conversion.herein,we report a general and simple zinc salts-assisted method for the synthesis of hPCs with varied porosity and chemical func-tionalities by the direct carbonization of diverse biomass and wastes.During the carbonization,zinc salts are thermally decomposed into nanoparticles that serve as in-situ templates to introduce nanopores in carbons.The prepared hPCs exhibit high specific surface areas(up to 2432 m2 g-1),large pore volumes(up to 4.30 cm^(3)g^(-1)),and broad pore size distributions.Moreover,the zinc salts can be recovered and recycled,supporting the sustainable production of hPCs on large scale.The prepared hPCs-supported catalysts with atomically dispersed metal sites exhibit promising electrocatalytic performance for the oxygen reduction reaction.

关键词： hierarchical porous carbon Zinc salts Biomass Wastes Electrocatalysis

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Contrasting physical mechanisms of yellowfin tuna fluctuations between the western and eastern Indian Ocean

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2024年第3期42卷 960-971页

作者： Peng LIAN le GAO Key Laboratory of Ocean Observation and Forecasting and Key Laboratory of Ocean Circulation and Waves Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Laboratory for Ocean Dynamics and Climate Laoshan LaboratoryQingdao 266061China

As an economically critical pelagic migratory species,yellowfin tuna(Thunnus albacores,YFT)is very sensible to physical and environmental conditions,such as sea surface temperature(SST),ocean heat content(OhC),and the mixed layer depth(MLD).We investigated the impact of SST,OhC,and MLD on fluctuations of YFT catch in the western/eastern Indian Ocean using the long time series of 63-year environmental and YFT datasets.We found that the impact of SST on YFT was heavily overestimated in the past,and MLD plays a more critical role in the YFT catch fluctuation.When the MLD deepens(>34.8 m),SST was more influential in predicting the catches of YFT than OhC in the western Indian Ocean,and OhC was more critical to YFT than SST in the eastern Indian Ocean.however,when the MLD shallows(he catch per unit effort(CPUE)of YFT than SST/OhC in the western.After 2000,there was an asynchronous pattern of YFT CPUE induced by higher frequency variations and ocean hiatus of SST/OhC signals in the western and eastern Indian Oceans basins.The impact of the subsurface hiatus may induce the decrease of YFT in the eastern Indian Ocean.The above findings clarified a non-stationary relationship between the environmental factors and catches of YFT and provided new insights into variations in YFT abundance.

关键词： yellowfin tuna Indian Ocean sea surface temperature(SST) ocean heat content(OhC) mixed layer depth(MLD) hiatus

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Impacts of central-Pacific El Niño and physical drivers on eastern Pacific bigeye tuna

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2024年第3期42卷 972-987页

Bigeye tuna Thunnus obesus is an important migratory species that forages deeply,and El Niño events highly influence its distribution in the eastern Pacific Ocean.Wh.le sea surface temperature is widely recognized as the main factor affecting bigeye tuna(BET)distribution during El Niño events,the roles of different types of El Niño and subsurface oceanic signals,such as ocean heat content and mixed layer depth,remain unclear.We conducted A spatial-temporal analysis to investigate the relationship among BET distribution,El Niño events,and the underlying oceanic signals to address this knowledge gap.We used monthly purse seine fisheries data of BET in the eastern tropical Pacific Ocean(ETPO)from 1994 to 2012 and extracted the central-Pacific El Niño(CPEN)indices based on Niño 3 and Niño 4indexes.Furthermore,we employed Explainable Artificial Intelligence(XAI)models to identify the main patterns and feature importance of the six environmental variables and used information flow analysis to determine the causality between the selected factors and BET distribution.Finally,we analyzed Argo datasets to calculate the vertical,horizontal,and zonal mean temperature differences during CPEN and normal years to clarify the oceanic thermodynamic structure differences between the two types of years.Our findings reveal that BET distribution during the CPEN years is mainly driven by advection feedback of subsurface warmer thermal signals and vertically warmer habitats in the CPEN domain area,especially in high-yield fishing areas.The high frequency of CPEN events will likely lead to the westward shift of fisheries centers.

关键词： bigeye tuna central-Pacific El Niño(CPEN) ocean heat content Argo explainable artificial intelligence(XAI) information flow

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A vectorial model for the nonlinear gradient force exerted on metallic Rayleigh nanoparticles

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Chinese Optics letters 2024年第2期22卷 207-213页

作者：朱政张聿全闵长俊 Aurèle J.LAdam h.Paul Urbach 袁小聪 Research Center for humanoid Sensing Research Institute of Intelligent SensingZhejiang LabHangzhou 311100China Nanophotonics Research Center Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics&State Key Laboratory of Radio Frequency Heterogeneous IntegrationShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China Optics Research Group ImPhys DepartmentFaculty of Applied SciencesDelft University of TechnologyDelft 2628 CJThe Netherlands

Optical tweezers have proved to be a powerful tool with a wide range of applications.The gradient force plays a vital role in the stable optical trapping of nano-objects.The scalar method is convenient and effective for analyzing the gradient force in traditional optical trapping.however,when the third-order nonlinear effect of the nano-object is stimulated,the scalar method cannot adequately present the optical response of the metal nanoparticle to the external optical field.here,we propose a theoretical model to interpret the nonlinear gradient force using the vector method.By combining the optical Kerr effect,the polarizability vector of the metallic nanoparticle is derived.A quantitative analysis is obtained for the gradient force as well as for the optical potential well.The vector method yields better agreement with reported experimental observations.We suggest that this method could lead to a deeper understanding of the physics relevant to nonlinear optical trapping and binding phenomena.

关键词： gradient forces nonlinear effect metallic nanoparticles

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Adaptive fault-tolerant control for non-minimum phase hypersonic vehicles based on adaptive dynamic programming

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第3期37卷 290-311页

作者： le WANG Ruiyun QI Bin JIANG State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control for Aerospace Structures Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 210016China College of Automation Engineering Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 211106China

In this paper,a novel adaptive Fault-Tolerant Control(FTC)strategy is proposed for non-minimum phase hypersonic Vehicles(hSVs)that are affected by actuator faults and parameter uncertainties.The strategy is based on the output redefinition method and Adaptive Dynamic Programming(ADP).The intelligent FTC scheme consists of two main parts:a basic fault-tolerant and stable controller and an ADP-based supplementary controller.In the basic FTC part,an output redefinition approach is designed to make zero-dynamics stable with respect to the new output.Then,Ideal Internal Dynamic(IID)is obtained using an optimal bounded inversion approach,and a tracking controller is designed for the new output to realize output tracking of the nonminimum phase hSV system.For the ADP-based compensation control part,an ActionDependent heuristic Dynamic Programming(ADhDP)adopting an actor-critic learning structure is utilized to further optimize the tracking performance of the hSV control system.Finally,simulation results are provided to verify the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed FTC algorithm.

关键词： hypersonic vehicle Fault-tolerant control Non-minimum phase system Adaptive control Nonlinear control Adaptive dynamic programming

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