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Stimulation by nizatidine,a histamine H_2-receptor antagonist,of duodenal HCO_3^-secretion in rats:relation to anti-cholinesterase activity

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2000年第5期6卷 651-658页

作者： Koji Takeuchi Shoji Kawauchi hideo Araki Shigeru Ueki Osamu Furukawa Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics Kyoto Pharmaceutical UniversityMisasagiYamashinaKyoto 607-8414Japan CURE Bldg.114Suite 217 West LA VAMC 11301 Wilshire Blvd.Los AngelesCA 90073

AIM To examine whether nizatidine stimulates duodenal HCO_3^- secretion in rats by inhibiting AChE activity. METHODS Under pentobarbital anesthesia,a proximal duodenal loop was perfused with saline,and the HCO_3 secretion was measured at pH 7.0 using a pH-stat method and by adding 10mM ***,neostigmine,carbachol or famotidine was administered *** a single injection. RESULTS Intravenous administration of nizatidine(3-30 mg/kg)dose-dependently increased duodenal HCO_3^- secretion,and the effect at 10mg/kg was equivalent to that obtained by carbachol at 0.01 mg/*** nizatidine action was observed at the same dose range that inhibited acid secretion and enhanced gastric motility,mimicked by *** of neostigmine(0.03 mg/kg),and significantly attenuated by bilateral vagotomy and prior s.c. administration of atropine but not by indomethacin,a cyclooxygenase inhibitor,or N^G-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester,a NO synthase *** HCO_3^- secretory response to acetylcholine(0.001 mg/kg)was significantly potentiated by the concurrent administration of nizatidine(3mg/kg,i.v.).The IC_(50)of nizatidine for AChE of rat erythrocytes was 1.4×10^(-6)M,about 12 times higher than that of *** famotidine(>10^(-3)M, 30mg/kg,i.v.)nor cisapride(> 10^(-3)M, 3mg/kg,i.v.)had any influence on AChE activity or duodenal HCO_3^- *** damage induced by acid perfusion(100 mM HCI for 4 h)in the presence of indomethacin was significantly prevented by nizatidine and neostigmine,at the doses that increased the HCO_3^- secretion. CONCLUSION Nizatidine stimulates duodenal HCO_3^- secretion,in both vagal-dependent and atropine-sensitive manners,and the action is associated with the anti-AChE activity of this agent.

关键词： nizatidine histamine H_2 receptor blockaders duodenal HCO_3^-secretion cholinesterase inhibitors rats

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Involvement of Cbl-b-mediated macrophage inactivation in insulin resistance

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World Journal of Diabetes 2017年第3期8卷 97-103页

作者： Tomoki abe Katsuya Hirasaka Takeshi Nikawa Department of Nutritional Physiology Institute of Biomedical Sciences Tokushima University Graduate School Graduate School of Fisheries Science and Environmental Studies Nagasaki University

Aging and overnutrition cause obesity in rodents and humans. It is well-known that obesity causes various diseases by producing insulin resistance(IR). Macrophages infiltrate the adipose tissue(AT) of obese individuals and cause chronic low-level inflammation associated with IR. Macrophage infiltration is regulated by the chemokines that are released from hypertrophied adipocytes and the immune cells in AT. Saturated fatty acids are recognized by toll-like receptor 4(TLR4) and induce inflammatory responses in AT macrophages(ATMs). The inflammatory cytokines that are released from activated ATMs promote IR in peripheral organs, such as the liver, skeletal muscle and AT. Therefore, ATM activation is a therapeutic target for IR in obesity. The ubiquitin ligase Casitas b-lineage lymphoma-b(Cbl-b) appears to potently suppress macrophage migration and activation. Cbl-b is highly expressed in leukocytes and negatively regulates signals associated with migration and activation. Cbl-b deficiency enhances ATM accumulation and IR in aging- and diet-induced obese mice. Cbl-b inhibits migration-related signals and SFA-induced TLR4 signaling in ATMs. Thus, targeting Cbl-b may be a potential therapeutic strategy to reduce the IR induced by ATM activation. In this review, we summarize the regulatory functions of Cbl-b in ATMs.

关键词： Casitas b-lineage lymphoma-b Insulin resistance Macrophage Obesity Toll-like receptor 4

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Standardization of New Sliver Probe for Cooling Power Test of Polymer Quenchant

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材料热处理学报 2004年第5期25卷 447-452页

作者： hideo YOKOTA Katsumi ICHITANI Kazuyoshi YAMAMOTO Hiroyuki IKUMI Yasufumi SUGIURA Michiharu NARAZAKI Nippon Oil Corporation Yokohama JapanIdemitsu Kosan Co. Ltd. Chiba JapanDaido Chemical Industry Co. Ltd. Osaka JapanSanshin Kagaku Kogyo Co. Ltd. Tokyo JapanNippon Grease Co. Ltd. Osaka JapanUtsunomiya University Utsunomiya Japan

Technical committee for Japanese industrial standard of heat treating oils has studied on the new method for testing cooling power of aqueous quenchants. This method employed the cooling curve test of a new sliver rod probe, which has a metal-sheathed thermocouple at its geometrical center. The experimental study has clarified that this probe has the higher sensitivity and excellent durability. In order to standardize this probe for cooling power test of aqueous quenchants, the repeatability and reproducibility of test results etc. have been studied. D.O.P. (Di-2-ethylthexyl Phthalate) was used as reference quenching fluid for initial calibration and for periodic calibration verification of the probe and system. In addition, 10% brine was used to check the response capability of the probe and system to the sudden change of temperature. These procedures are established according to the experimental investigation. This new test method is going to be built in the revised version of JIS K 2242 "Heat treating oils" as the cooling power test method for aqueous quenchants.

关键词：聚合物淬火剂冷却动力试验冷却曲线银探测器

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Identifying potential field sites for production of cellulosic energy plants in Asia

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2014年第3期7卷 59-67页

作者： Nobuhito Sekiya Taiichiro Hattori Fumitaka Shiotsu Jun abe Shigenori Morita Institute for Sustainable Agro-ecosystem Services Graduate School of Agricultural and Life SciencesThe University of TokyoTokyo 188-0002Japan NARO Kyushu Okinawa Agricultural Research Center Kagoshima 891-3102Japan College of Agriculture Ibaraki UniversityInashikiIbaraki 300-0393Japan Department of Plant Science School of AgricultureTokai UniversityKumamoto 869-1404Japan Faculty of Agriculture Tokyo University of AgricultureKanagawa 243-0034Japan

Cellulosic bioethanol produced from non-edible plants avoids food-fuel *** such plants on marginal non-arable lands also avoids the use of *** this study,attempts were made to identify potential field sites for cellulosic bioethanol production in *** this study,GIS databases containing information about requirements such as land use,landform,and climate were *** with terrestrial constraints were then removed from the candidate field sites using a terrain slope *** remaining lands were evaluated using a net primary production(NPP)*** these areas,southern and eastern India,northeastern Thailand,and southern Sumatra(Indonesia)had high *** the 2nd phase,local information regarding infrastructure,and agriculture were ***-establishment feasibility was high for eastern India and southern *** field sites were then located in satellite images of these two *** the 3rd phase,soils around potential sites were *** residents were interviewed to estimate the cost of producing plants for biomass *** selected using this simple method are suitable for biomass production.

关键词： bioethanol biomass cellulosic energy plants geographic information system unused land

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Molecular mechanisms for the photoperiodic regulation of flowering in soybean

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2021年第6期63卷 981-994页

作者： Xiaoya Lin Baohui Liu James LWeller Jun abe Fanjiang Kong Innovative Center of Molecular Genetics and Evolution School of Life SciencesGuangzhou UniversityGuangzhou 510642China Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding Northeast Institute of Geography and AgroecologyChinese Academy of SciencesHarbin 150081China School of Natural Sciences University of TasmaniaHobartTasmania 7001Australia Research Faculty of Agriculture Hokkaido UniversitySapporo 060-8589Japan

Photoperiodic flowering is one of the most important factors affecting regional adaptation and yield in soybean(Glycine max). Plant adaptation to long-day conditions at higher latitudes requires early flowering and a reduction or loss of photoperiod sensitivity;adaptation to short-day conditions at lower latitudes involves delayed flowering, which prolongs vegetative growth for maximum yield potential. Due to the influence of numerous major loci and quantitative trait loci(QTLs), soybean has broad adaptability across latitudes. Forward genetic approaches have uncovered the molecular basis for several of these major maturity genes and QTLs. Moreover, the molecular characterization of orthologs of Arabidopsis thaliana flowering genes has enriched our understanding of the photoperiodic flowering pathway in soybean. Building on early insights into the importance of the photoreceptor phytochrome A, several circadian clock components have been integrated into the genetic network controlling flowering in soybean: E1, a repressor of FLOWERING LOCUS T orthologs, plays a central role in this network. Here, we provide an overview of recent progress in elucidating photoperiodic flowering in soybean, how it contributes to our fundamental understanding of flowering time control, and how this information could be used for molecular design and breeding of high-yielding soybean cultivars.

关键词： molecular-designed breeding photoperiodic flowering soybean

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Morphometric analysis of the drainage system and its hydrological implications in the rain shadow regions, Kerala, India

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2011年第6期21卷 1077-1088页

作者： Jobin THOMAS Sabu JOSEPH K.P. THRIVIKRAMJI George abe Department of Environmental Sciences University of Kerala Thiruvananthapuram-695 581 Kerala India Department of Geology University of Kerala Thiruvananthapuram-695 581 Kerala India Centre for Water Resources Development and Management Sub-Centre Kottayam Kerala India

The rain shadow regions requisite a comprehensive watershed development and management plan for sustainable water resources management. The Pambar River Basin （PRB） lies on the rain shadow region of the southern Western Ghats, India, where climate showed marked intra-basin variation. A morphometric analysis was done to evaluate the drainage characteristics of PRB using topographical maps and digital elevation data. PRB was divided into eighteen 4th order basins （SB1-SB18）, distributed along various climatic gradients. Lower order streams mostly dominate PRB and drainage pattern is a function of relief and structure. The terrain is highly dissected and prone to soil erosion during heavy storms and the elongated shape of PRB enables easier flood management. The influence of climate on drainage characteristics was evidently emphasized in basin morphometry. Four distinctively different classes were identified based on the morphometric similarities. The significance of morphometric analysis on the hydrological characterization is discussed and the relevance of the present study in water harvesting has been explicated.

关键词： morphometry drainage basin Pambar River Western Ghats India

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Effective conversion of fructose to 5-ethoxymethylfurfural with brønsted acid site(S/Cl)-functional carbon catalysts

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Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts 2022年第1期7卷 33-42页

作者： Haixin Guo Ryota Higashiguchi Yuya abe Richard Lee Smith Graduate School of Environmental Studies Tohoku UniversityAramaki Aza Aoba 6-6-11AobaSendai 980-8579Japan Research Center of Supercritical Fluid Technology Tohoku UniversityAramaki Aza Aoba 6-6-11Aoba-kuSendai 980-8579Japan

Brønsted acid site(S/Cl)-functional carbon materials were prepared by ball-milling(bm)L-cysteine and ammonium chloride to form chemical complex solids,by post-heat treatment(Q)of the solids at 500°C under a nitrogen gas atmosphere to stabilize and fortify amino and functional group solid structures and by post-oxidative treatment with H_(2)O_(2)to add Brønsted *** as-prepared carbon materials(S/Cl@bm_(x)Q_(y);x,y in hours)contained Brønsted acid sites(sul-fonates,chlorides),oxygen-containing groups(-COOH,-OH)and amino functional *** S/Cl@bm_(x)Q_(y)materials were applied as catalysts to promote conversion of fructose in ethanol solvent to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural(5-HMF)and 5-ethoxymethylfurfural(5-EMF).Among the carbon materials,S/Cl@bm_(3)Q_(1)gave 5-EMF and 5-HMF yields of 67.0%and 22.8%,respectively,in pure ethanol at 140℃for 24 h reaction time,while a reaction time of 18 h gave total 5-EMF and 5-HMF yields of 96.4%.Dimethyl sulfoxide(DMSO)was applied as additive to the ethanol-fructose-S/Cl@bm_(3)Q_(1)reaction system which showed that 5-HMF product selectivity could be controlled with DMSO *** protocol developed allows simple preparation of func-tional carbon materials that have high catalytic activity and are effective for conversion of fructose to 5-HMF and 5-EMF in ethanol.

关键词： Ball-milling Etherification Fuel additive Ethanol Brønsted acid

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Eutectic solidification mode of spheroidal graphite cast iron and graphitization

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China Foundry 2007年第1期4卷 34-37页

作者： hideo Nakae Sanghoon Jung Takayuki Kitazawa Department of Materials Science and Eng. Waseda Univ Graduate Student Department of Materials Science and Eng.Waseda Univ

The shrinkage and chilling tendency of spheroidal graphite (abbreviated SG) cast iron is much greater than that of the flake graphite cast iron in spite of its higher amount of C and Si contents. Why? The main reason should be the difference in their graphitization during the eutectic solidification. In this paper, we discuss the difference in the solidification mechanism of both cast irons for solving these problems using unidirectional solidification and the cooling curves of the spheroidal graphite cast iron. The eutectic solidification rate of the SG cast iron is controlled by the diffusion of carbon through the austenite shell, and the final thickness is 1.4 times the radius of the SG, therefore, the reduction of the SG size, namely, the increase in the number, is the main solution of these problems.

关键词： spheroidal graphite cast iron shrinkage chilling tendency eutectic solidification graphitization

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Determination of the free lunar libration modes from ephemeris DE430

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2017年第12期17卷 89-94页

作者： Yong-Zhang Yang Jin-Ling Li Jin-Song Ping hideo Hanada Shanghai Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200030China National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100012China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China RISE Project National Astronomical Observatory of JapanOshu 0230861Japan

The Moon’s physical librations have been extensively studied, and elaborate researches have been developed for the purpose of deriving accurate modes of free librations. Our motivation comes from the Planetary and Lunar Ephemeris DE430 by JPL/NASA, which was created in April 2013,and is reported to be the most accurate lunar ephemeris today using the data from Gravity Recovery and Interior Laboratory（GRAIL）. Therefore, the residuals after fitting the model have reduced owing to improvement in the libration models, and the free librations embedded in the Euler angles have also improved. We use Fourier analysis to extract the approximate frequencies from DE430 and then a quadratic interpolation method is used to determine higher accuracy frequencies. With the frequencies,the linear least-squares fitting method is employed to fit the lunar physical librations to DE430. From this analysis we identified the three modes of free physical librations, and estimated the amplitudes as 1.471′′in longitude, 0.025′′in latitude and 8.19′′× 3.31′′for the wobble, with the respective periods of1056.16, 8806.9 and 27262.99 d. Since the free librations damp with time, they require recent excitation or a continuous stimulating mechanism in order to sustain.

关键词： Moon physical librations Fourier analysis least squares method

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Influence of Si,Ce,Sb and Sn on chunky graphite formation

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China Foundry 2011年第1期8卷 96-100页

作者： hideo Nakae Masayuki Fukami Takayuki Kitazawa Ying Zou Lab. for Mater. Sci. and Tech. Waseda Univ. Tokyo Japan JFE Steel Corp. Japan Nippon Steel Corp. Japan Appl. Mech. and Eng. Waseda Univ. Tokyo Japan

The thirteen mother alloys,C%+1/3Si%=4.45%,differing in their Si,Ce,Sb and Sn contents,were *** grams of these alloys was remelted in a high purity alumina crucible at 1,450oC under an Ar atmosphere,and then cooled at 30 K/min for obtaining their cooling *** graphite morphologies were observed using an optical microscope and an *** three-dimensional graphite shapes were observed by the SEM using the samples whose matrices were etched off with an acid-aqua solution,to confirm the chunky *** discussing the influence of the Si and Ce contents on the chunky graphite formation,two experiments were carried *** the first one,the Si contents were changed from 0 to 4% in the 0.15%Ce alloys,and for the second one,the 3.5%Si and 4%Si samples that differed in the Ce contents of 0.1 and 0.2% were *** the third experiment,the influence of Sb and Sn on the chunky graphite formation was investigated by using the 4%Si and 0.1%Ce *** results showed that with the increase of the Si content,the volume fraction of the chunky graphite increases,while the volume fraction of the ledeburite decreases,and the chunky graphite volume fraction in the 0.2%Ce samples is higher than that of the 0.1%Ce *** effect of the Sb and Sn additions on the prevention of chunky graphite formation cannot be confirmed due to their high Si ***,further studies will be needed in this field.

关键词： chunky graphite spheroidal graphite graphite morphology solidification of cast iron

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