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Generation of polarized electron beams through self-injection in the interaction of a laser with a pre-polarized plasma

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High Power Laser science and Engineering 2024年第3期12卷 62-68页

作者： L.R.yin X.F.Li y.J.Gu N.Cao Q.Kong M.Büscher s.M.Weng M.Chen Z.M.sheng Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Ion-beam Application(MoE) Institute of Modern PhysicsDepartment of Nuclear Science and TechnologyFudan UniversityShanghaiChina state Key Laboratory of High Field Laser Physics Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina sANKEN(Institute of scientific and Industrial Research) Osaka UniversityOsakaJapan sichuan Research Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityChengduChina Peter Grünberg Institut(PGI-6) Forschungszentrum JülichJülichGermany Institut für Laser-und Plasmaphysik Heinrich-Heine-Universität DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas(MoE) School of Physics and AstronomyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina Collaborative Innovation Center of IFsA Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina Tsung-Dao Lee Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina

Polarized electron beam production via laser wakefield acceleration in pre-polarized plasma is investigated by particlein-cell *** evolution of the electron beam polarization is studied based on the Thomas±Bargmann±Michel±Telegdi equation for the transverse and longitudinal self-injection,and the depolarization process is found to be influenced by the injection *** the case of transverse self-injection,as found typically in the bubble regime,the spin precession of the accelerated electrons is mainly influenced by the ***,in the case of longitudinal injection in the quasi-1D regime(for example,*** et al.,***.110,135002(2013)),the direction of electron spin oscillates in the laser *** the electrons move around the laser axis,the net influence of the laser field is nearly zero and the contribution of the wakefield can be ***,an ultra-short electron beam with polarization of 99%can be obtained using longitudinal self-injection.

关键词： laser wakefield acceleration longitudinal self-injection particle-in-cell simulation polarized electron beam

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sleep-based neuronal oscillations as a physiological biomarker for Alzheimer's disease:is night time the right time?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第7期19卷 1417-1418页

作者： Jonathan Witton Erica s.Brady Michael T.Craig Department of Clinical and Biomedical sciences Faculty of Health and Life SciencesUniversity of ExeterExeterEnglandUK Gladstone Institute for Neurological Disease San FranciscoCAUSA school of Psychology and Neuroscience College of MedicalVeterinary and Life SciencesUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowScotlandUK

Dementia is a devastating syndrome characterized by memory problems,confusion,and behavior changes that prevent people from performing everyday *** is the leading cause of dependency and disability amongst older people,resulting in a global economic cost of ~$1.3 *** 58 million people are currently afflicted by dementia worldwide,with Alzheimer s disease(AD) causing most(60-70%) of these cases.

关键词： Alzheimer everyday performing

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subnormal serum Liver Enzyme Levels:A Review of Pathophysiology and Clinical significance

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2024年第4期12卷 428-435页

作者： Elham M.youssef George y.Wu Biochemistry Department National Research CenterCairoEgypt Department of Medicine Division of Gastroenterology-HepatologyUniversity of Connecticut Health CenterFarmingtonCTUSA

subnormal levels of liver enzymes,below the lower limit of normal on local laboratory reports,can be useful *** instance,subnormal levels of aminotransferases can be observed in vitamin B6 deficiency and chronic kidney *** alkaline phosphatase levels may indicate the presence of hypophosphatasia,Wilson's disease,deficiencies of divalent ions,or *** levels of gamma glutamyl transferase may be seen in cases of acute intrahepatic cholestasis,the use of certain medications,and in bone ***,subnormal levels of 5'-nucleotidase have been reported in lead poisoning and nonspherocytic hemolytic *** aim of this review is to bring attention to the fact that subnormal levels of these enzymes should not be ignored as they may indicate pathological conditions and provide a means of early diagnosis.

关键词： Transaminases Vitamin B6 Celiac disease Renal insufficiency Hepatolenticular Degeneration Crohn disease Malnutrition Clofibrate Bone diseases Lead poisoning Anemia Hemolytic

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scenario of solar energy and policies in India

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Clean Energy 2024年第5期8卷 117-128页

作者： sathish Kumar M Prity Kumari y.A.Lad sherin Maria Teaching Assistant Symbiosis Institute of Business ManagementSymbiosis International(Deemed)UniversityNagpur440008MaharashtraIndia Assistant Professor and Head Department of Basic ScienceCollege of HorticultureAnand Agricultural UniversityAnand388110GujaratIndia Associate Professor&Head Department of HRD&PMInternational Agribusiness Management InstituteAnand Agricultural UniversityAnand388110GujaratIndia Research Assistant International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center(CIMMYT)HyderabadTelanganaIndia

solar power is energy from the sun that is converted into thermal or electrical ***,the UsA,and India have the world’s richest solar energy *** receives solar radiation with an average intensity of 200 MW/km^(2) and 250–300 sunny days a *** solar radiation in India varies from 4 to 7 kWh/m^(2)/day,with 2300–3200 sunshine hours yearly,depending on the *** solar Park,Jodhpur,India,is the world’s largest solar plant,with 2.25 GW of installed *** energy is the best alternative elec-tricity source used explicitly in the agricultural *** the farming sector,the consumption of solar energy has been *** major issues were the installation costs,low availability of technicians,and poor quality of *** focus on skill development equips the workforce to drive innovation,efficiency,and sustained growth in the renewable-energy *** the support of inter-national collaboration and a skilled workforce,India’s progress in solar energy development is a boon for the industry.

关键词： solar energy benefits policies challenges achievements

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Hemodynamic management of congenital diaphragmatic hernia:the role of targeted neonatal echocardiography

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World Journal of Pediatric surgery 2024年第2期7卷 81-89页

作者： Aimann surak Linda Mahgoub Joseph y Ting Department of Pediatrics University of AlbertaEdmontonAlbertaCanada

Congenital diaphragmatic hernia(CDH)is a major congenital anomaly,resulting from the herniation of abdominal contents into the thoracic cavity,thereby impeding the proper development of the lungs and pulmonary *** severity correlates with a spectrum of pulmonary hypoplasia,pulmonary hypertension(PHT),and cardiac dysfunction,constituting the pathophysiological triad of this complex *** accurate diagnosis and effective management of PHT and cardiac dysfunction is pivotal to optimizing patient *** neonatal echocardiography is instrumental in delivering real-time data crucial for the bespoke,pathophysiology-targeted hemodynamic management of CDH-associated PHT.

关键词： congenital targeted neonatal

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Developmental impacts and toxicological hallmarks of silver nanoparticles across diverse biological models

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Environmental science and Ecotechnology 2024年第3期19卷 60-79页

作者： yán Wāng yapeng Han De-Xiang Xu Department of Toxicology School of Public Health&Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education InstitutesAnhui Medical UniversityHefei230032China

silver nanoparticles(AgNPs),revered for their antimicrobial prowess,have become ubiquitous in a range of products,from biomedical equipment to food ***,amidst their rising popularity,concerns loom over their possible detrimental effects on fetal development and subsequent adult *** review delves into the developmental toxicity of AgNPs across diverse models,from aquatic species like zebrafish and catfish to mammalian rodents and in vitro embryonic stem *** focus encompasses the fate of AgNPs in different contexts,elucidating associated hazardous results such as embryotoxicity and adverse pregnancy ***,we scrutinize the enduring adverse impacts on offspring,spanning impaired neurobehavior function,reproductive disorders,cardiopulmonary lesions,and *** hallmarks of developmental harm are identified,encompassing redox imbalances,inflammatory cascades,DNA damage,and mitochondrial ***,we explore potential explanations,linking immunoregulatory dysfunction and disrupted epigenetic modifications to AgNPsinduced developmental *** substantial progress,our understanding of the developmental risks posed by AgNPs remains incomplete,underscoring the urgency of further research in this critical area.

关键词： silver nanoparticles(AgNPs) Developmental toxicity Maternal exposure Fetal development Redox imbalance Mitochondrial dysfunction

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Genomic selection in plant breeding:Key factors shaping two decades of progress

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Molecular Plant 2024年第4期17卷 552-578页

作者： Admas Alemu Johanna Astrand Osval A.Montesinos-López Julio Isidro y sanchez Javier Fernandez-Gónzalez Wuletaw Tadesse Ramesh R.Vetukuri Anders s.Carlsson Alf Ceplitis JoséCrossa Rodomiro Ortiz Aakash Chawade Department of Plant Breeding Swedish University of Agricultural SciencesAlnarpSweden Lantmannen Lantbruk SvalövSweden Facultad de Telematica University de ColimaColimaColima 28040Mexico Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas(CBGP UPM-INIA)Universidad Politécnica de Madrid(UPM)-Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria(INIA)Campus de Montegancedo-UPM28223 MadridSpain International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas(ICARDA) RabatMorocco International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center(CIMMyT) Km 45Carretera México-VeracruzTexcocoMéxico 52640Mexico

Genomic selection,the application of genomic prediction(GP)models to select candidate individuals,has significantly advanced in the past two decades,effectively accelerating genetic gains in plant *** article provides a holistic overview of key factors that have influenced GP in plant breeding during this *** delved into the pivotal roles of training population size and genetic diversity,and their relationship with the breeding population,in determining GP *** emphasis was placed on optimizing training population *** explored its benefits and the associated diminishing returns beyond an optimum *** was done while considering the balance between resource allocation and maximizing prediction accuracy through current optimization *** density and distribution of single-nucleotide polymorphisms,level of linkage disequilibrium,genetic complexity,trait heritability,statistical machine-learning methods,and non-additive effects are the other vital *** wheat,maize,and potato as examples,we summarize the effect of these factors on the accuracy of GP for various *** search for high accuracy in GP—theoretically reaching one when using the Pearson’s correlation as a metric—is an active research area as yet far from optimal for various *** hypothesize that with ultra-high sizes of genotypic and phenotypic datasets,effective training population optimization methods and support from other omics approaches(transcriptomics,metabolomics and proteomics)coupled with deep-learning algorithms could overcome the boundaries of current limitations to achieve the highest possible prediction accuracy,making genomic selection an effective tool in plant breeding.

关键词： genomic selection genetic gain genomic prediction optimization deep learning training population optimization

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First evidence for chiral wobbling of triaxial nuclei

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Nuclear science and Techniques 2024年第7期35卷 4-7页

作者： s.Frauendorf Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Notre DameNotre DameIN 46556USA

Chirality(Greek“handiness”)is a property of many com-plex *** molecules exist in two forms,one being the mirror image of the *** for our hands,it is impossible to make the images identical by a suitable *** two forms are called left-handed and *** have the same binding energy,because the electro-magnetic interaction,which holds the molecule together,does not change under a *** properties that are insensitive to the geometry are also the *** different geometry is the reason why the left-handed form turns the polarization plane of transmitted light in one direction by some angle while the right-handed form turns it in the oppo-site direction by the same ***,the geometrical differences between the two species may have other *** two species of the carvon molecule shown in Fig.1 taste quite differently.

关键词： turns Chiral mirror

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Tribological behavior of lubricant-impregnated porous polyimide

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Friction 2024年第4期12卷 711-725页

作者： Jinbang LI Ningning ZHOU Janet s.s.WONG school of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315211China Beijing Key Laboratory of Long-life Technology of Precise Rotation and Transmission Mechanisms Beijing Institute of Control EngineeringBeijing 100029China Department of Mechanical Engineering Imperial College LondonLondon SW72AZUK

Porous materials impregnated with lubricants can be used in conditions where limited lubricant is *** this work,three porous polyimides(PPI)with different densities were ***(PAO)impregnated PPI(iPPI)discs were rubbed against steel and sapphire *** operando observations of the iPPI-sapphire contacts show that oil is released under an applied load,forming a meniscus around *** at the outlet is created at high sliding *** amount of released oil increases with increasing PPI *** moduli,E*,estimated based on the actual contact size show that trapped oil in iPPIs contributes to load *** higher speeds,tribological rehydration of the contact occurs in low density iPPI,with that E*rises with *** high density PPIs,high speeds give a constantly high E*which is limited by the viscoelastic properties of the PPI network and possibly the rate of oil *** of iPPI-steel contacts is governed by the mechanical properties of the PPI,the flow of the lubricant,and the roughness of the PPI *** low-and medium-density(highly porous,high roughness)PPIs,large amount of oil is released,and lubrication is mainly via lubricant restricted in the contact in the pores and possibly tribological *** high density(low porosity)PPI,with lower roughness,hydrodynamic lubrication is achieved which gives the lowest *** results show that polymeric porous materials for effective lubrication require the optimization of its surface roughness,stiffness,oil flow,and oil retentions.

关键词： polyimide porous material friction mechanism polymer limited lubrication

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Photometric and spectroscopic study of Ten Low Mass Ratio Contact Binary systems:Orbital stability,O'Connell Effect and Infrared Calcium Line Filling

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第8期24卷 212-222页

作者： surjit s.Wadhwa Adam Popowicz Raúl Michel Petar Kostić Oliver Vince Nick F.H.Tothill Ain y.De Horta Miroslav D.Filipović school of science Western Sydney UniversityLocked Bag 1797PenrithNSW 2751Australia Department of Electronics Electrical Engineering and MicroelectronicsSilesian University of TechnologyAkademicka 1644120 GliwicePoland Instituto de Astronomía UNAM.A.P.87722800 EnsenadaBCMéxico Astronomical Observatory Volgina 711060 BelgradeSerbia

Low mass ratio contact binary systems are more likely to have unstable orbits and potentially *** addition,such systems exhibit characteristics such as starspots and high energy emissions(UV)suggestive of chromospheric and magnetic *** curve modeling of ten contact binary systems is *** were found to be of extreme low mass ratio ranging from 0.122 to 0.24 and three were found to be potentially unstable and possible merger *** of the infrared calcium absorption lines is a marker of increased chromospheric *** use the available Large sky Area Multi-Object Fiber spectroscopic Telescope spectra along with matched standard spectra(broadened for rotation)to measure the excess filling of the central core depression flux of the two main infrared calcium absorption linesλ8542 andλ*** find that all reported contact binaries have excess filling of the core flux in the infrared calcium *** of the systems reported were also observed by the Galaxy Evolution Explorer mission and we find that all three have features of excess ultraviolet emissions further adding evidence for increased chromospheric activity in low mass ratio contact *** of both orbital stability and absorption line filling is dependent on the determination of geometric and absolute parameters from light curve *** an insignificant number of contact binary light curves exhibit the O’Connell effect,usually attributed to *** discuss the inclusion of starspots in light curve solutions and how they influence the geometric and absolute parameters.

关键词： (stars)binaries eclipsing-techniques photometric-stars chromospheres

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