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Polysubstance Use and Overdose Visualized via Maps: Amphetamines and Cocaine

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Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2022年第5期13卷 140-148页

作者： Robert B. Raffa Joseph V. Pergolizzi Jr. herm Cukier School of Pharmacy (Emeritus) Temple University Philadelphia PA USA University of Arizona College of Pharmacy (Adjunct) Tucson AZ USA Neumentum Summit NJ USA Enalare Therapeutics Princeton NJ USA NEMA Research Naples FL USA

Abuse of drug substances and resultant overdose deaths are no longer very straightforward—viz., attributable to a single chemical entity of known purity. The reality is that most overdose deaths involve polysubstance use (i.e., the use of combinations of substances). Further, the combinations are often of unknown purity, and even of unknown composition. Overdose deaths are at all-time highs. The depressing statistics are monitored and reported by several international and governmental organizations such as the WHO (World Health Organization), CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention), several Institutes of the NIH (National Institutes of Health), Regulators, and Enforcement Agencies (e.g., DEA). The information is disseminated for free for review and use. But it is our observation that although numeric presentation is helpful and adequate for professionals, the non-expert and the visual learner often find a visual representation clearer and compelling. With this in mind, we present the “gestalt” of polysubstance use and overdose using available maps of the data. The previous article in the series considered the opioids. This one considers amphetamines and cocaine, and places the rise in opioid-associated overdose deaths in the context of other abused drugs.

关键词： Polysubstance Use/Abuse Use Disorder Overdose Maps Amphetamine Cocaine

High-Intensity Interval Training v/s Steady-State Cardio in Rehabilitation of Neurological Patients

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Open Journal of Therapy and Rehabilitation 2023年第2期11卷 35-44页

作者： Thorin Thorbjørnssønn Birkeland Independent Researcher Oslo Norway

Neuropathy is nerve damage that can cause chronic neuropathic pain, which is challenging to cure and has a significant financial burden. Exercise therapies, including High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) and steady-state cardio, are being explored as potential treatments for neuropathic pain. This systematic review compares the effectiveness of HIIT and steady-state cardio for improving function in neurological patients. This article provides an overview of the systematic review conducted on the effects of exercise on neuropathic patients, with a focus on high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and steady-state cardio. The authors conducted a comprehensive search of various databases, identified relevant studies based on predetermined inclusion criteria, and used the EPPI automation application to process the data. The final selection of studies was based on validity and relevance, with redundant articles removed. The article reviews four studies that compare high-intensity interval training (HIIT) to moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) on various health outcomes. The studies found that HIIT can improve aerobic fitness, cerebral blood flow, and brain function in stroke patients;lower diastolic blood pressure more than MICT and improve insulin sensitivity and skeletal muscle mitochondrial content in obese individuals, potentially helping with the prevention and management of type 2 diabetes. In people with multiple sclerosis, acute exercise can decrease the plasma neurofilament light chain while increasing the flow of the kynurenine pathway. The available clinical and preclinical data suggest that further study on high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and its potential to alleviate neuropathic pain is justified. Randomized controlled trials are needed to investigate the type, intensity, frequency, and duration of exercise, which could lead to consensus and specific HIIT-based advice for patients with neuropathies.

关键词： Neurological Diseases Neuropathies High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) Steady-State Cardio Exercise

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hermèS 奇幻世界漫游时光

钟表 2022年第2期53卷 30-31页

作者： Chaos hermèS 不详

在hermES爱马仕的制表版图中,特立独行、别出心裁的设计一直是制表师的最爱。从2011年的Arceau Le temps suspendu暂停时间腕表开始,每隔几年,便会有一枚超越人们想象力的绝妙腕表问世,功能也许并非什么复杂功能,但是创意的巧思却绝对... 详细信息

在hermES爱马仕的制表版图中,特立独行、别出心裁的设计一直是制表师的最爱。从2011年的Arceau Le temps suspendu暂停时间腕表开始,每隔几年,便会有一枚超越人们想象力的绝妙腕表问世,功能也许并非什么复杂功能,但是创意的巧思却绝对是超越同侪的上上之选。当时光流转到2022年,爱马仕为我们献上了又一枚打破窠臼的曼妙腕表.

关键词：暂停时间爱马仕时光流转腕表特立独行想象力

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Cloning and characterization of gene-resistant analogs(RGAs)involved in rust(Puccinia psidii) resistance in Eucalyptus grandis

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Journal of Forestry Research 2015年第3期26卷 711-718页

作者： Marcelo Luiz Laia Acelino Couto Alfenas Sergio hermínio Brommonschenkel Shinitiro Oda Eduardo José de Melo Inaê Mariêde Araú jo Silva Janaína Fernandes Gonalves Ariadne Marques Departamento de Engenharia Florestal Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri DiamantinaMinas Gerais 39100-000 Brazil Departamento de Fitopatologia Universidade Federal de Viosa Viosa Minas Gerais 36570-900 Brazil Suzano Bahia Sul Celulose S/A Suzano So Paulo Brazil

Disease-resistant genes play an important role in defending against a variety of pathogens and insect pests in plants. Most of the disease-resistant genes encode pro- teins with conserved leucine rich repeat and nucleotide binding site domains. In this study, we cloned and char- acterized gene-resistant analogs （RGAs） from Eucalyptus grandis using degenerate PCR, with primers specifically targeting these two domains. The amplified fragments were cloned into the pGEM-T vector and transformed into Escherichia coli. Among the 90 clones obtained, 13 were sequenced and compared with each other and with previ- ously identified gene-resistant diseases. A BLASTX search in GenBank revealed high similarities among the con- served domains of these cloned genes with RGA genes. Some clones, however, showed no significant similarity with DNA sequences in GenBank. Southern blotting ana- lysis identified several polymorphic RFLP loci between distinct genotypes. However, none of them co-segregated with the Puccinia psidii Winter resistance gene 1 （Ppr1） in a population study.

关键词： Cloning Conserved domains RGAs Rust Eucalyptus

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Portal vein thrombosis and arterioportal shunts:Effects on tumor response after chemoembolization of hepatocellular carcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第10期17卷 1267-1275页

作者： Thomas J Vogl Nour-Eldin Nour-Eldin Sally Emad-Eldin Nagy nn Naguib Joerg Trojan Hans Ackermann Omar Abdelaziz Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Johan Wolfgang Goethe University Hospital Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Department Cairo University Hospital

AIM: To evaluate the effect of portal vein thrombosis and arterioportal shunts on local tumor response in advanced cases of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma treated by transarterial chemoembolization. METHODS: A retrospective study included 39 patients (mean age: 66.4 years, range: 45-79 years, SD: 7) with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) who were treated with repetitive transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) in the period between March 2006 and October 2009. The effect of portal vein thrombosis (PVT) (in 19 out of 39 patients), the presence of arterioportal shunt (APS) (in 7 out of 39), the underlying liver pathology,Child-Pugh score, initial tumor volume, number of tumors and tumor margin definition on imaging were correlated with the local tumor response after TACE. The initial and end therapy local tumor responses were evaluated according to the response evaluation criteria in solid tumors (RECIST) and magnetic resonance imaging volumetric measurements. RESULTS: The treatment protocols were well tolerated by all patients with no major complications. Local tumor response for all patients according to RECIST criteria were partial response in one patient (2.6%), stable disease in 34 patients (87.1%), and progressive disease in 4 patients (10.2%). The MR volumetric measurements showed that the PVT, APS, underlying liver pathology and tumor margin definition were statistically significant prognostic factors for the local tumor response (P = 0.018, P = 0.008, P = 0.034 and P = 0.001, respectively). The overall 6-, 12- and 18-mo survival rates from the initial TACE were 79.5%, 37.5% and 21%, respectively. CONCLUSION: TACE may be exploited safely for palliative tumor control in patients with advanced unresectable HCC; however, tumor response is significantly affected by the presence or absence of PVT and APS.

关键词：血栓形成门静脉肿瘤反应肝癌栓塞分流动脉

Effect of extraction method on Mycochemicals and Proximate composition of Pyrrhoderma noxium(Corner)***&***,(Hymenochaetales,Basidiomycota)

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Studies in Fungi 2019年第1期4卷 223-229页

作者： Nagadesi PK Naveen Babu D Suneetha nn Prasad KSM Devi PP Department of Botany P.G.BlockAndhra Loyola CollegeNear GunadalaVijayawada-8Andhra PradeshIndia Department of Biochemistry R&D WingSt.Joseph Dental CollegeDuggiralaEluruAndhra PradeshIndia

Several medicines obtained from Pyrrhoderma mushrooms are widely used against several diseases throughout the ***,in preparation of crude drugs/folk medicines of mushroom *** noxium collected from Krishna district,Andhra Pradesh,India was studied and identified *** present work aims to test the presence of Mycochemicals and proximate composition for standardization of powder of *** solvents used for extraction and method of extraction played a vital role on mycochemical and proximate composition of *** *** maceration water bath assisted extraction method is the best extraction method compared to maceration and Reflux extraction methods for all parameters studied in this *** present study shows the extraction method and type of solvent influencing the presence of mycochemical composition like alkaloids,carbohydrates,phenols,flavonoids,tannins,terpenoids,diterpenoids,and anthocyanin in hymenochaetales *** proximate composition evaluation is very much useful for standardisation of *** in powder *** will help to identify the genuine species and check for adulteration of powder available commercially.

关键词： Extraction type Hymenophore Phytochemicals Phenotypical Phellinus noxius

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古埃及墓葬彩绘材料研究(英文)

文博 2009年第6期 234-243页

作者： Christoph herm 德累斯顿美术学院

分析研究了八件古埃及墓葬出土器物,这些器物包括部分传统殡葬遗存,包括木乃伊裹尸、面具、木棺和礼仪器具等。时代大约为古埃及晚期(公元前800到公元400年),展现出不同的彩绘工艺和风格。本文将提供有关颜料、充填物、调合剂的分析结... 详细信息

分析研究了八件古埃及墓葬出土器物,这些器物包括部分传统殡葬遗存,包括木乃伊裹尸、面具、木棺和礼仪器具等。时代大约为古埃及晚期(公元前800到公元400年),展现出不同的彩绘工艺和风格。本文将提供有关颜料、充填物、调合剂的分析结果。还将讨论古代工艺、时代、老化以及保护问题。另外,还对多种颜料分析手段进行了评估。

关键词：彩绘材料墓葬彩绘古埃及

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苏联吉尔吉斯加盟共和国源于地震构造的电磁发射研究

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世界地震译丛 1991年第2期22卷 43-48页

作者： Niki.,nn 金耀

Fluoride in Tea and Its Risk Assessment

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茶叶 2013年第4期39卷 515-518页

作者： Li nn Liang YR Zheng XQ Zhejiang University Tea Research Institute

Tea plant absorbs from soil a large amount of fluorine(F) which is accumulated in leaf,resulting in elevated F concentration in *** is a controversial topic whether the fluoride in tea is associated with *** research advances in F variation of various kinds of tea,factors influencing F level in tea and the associated health risk assessment were reviewed in the present *** F level in tea increases with the maturity of the tea *** tea had a high F content because it was prepared using mature shoots and old tea leaves as raw *** low grade UK supermarket economy teas contained elevated F comparable to the Chinese brick *** F level is also affected by tea cultivar,soil condition,tea processing method and tea infusion preparation method.

关键词：健康风险评估茶叶经济氟中毒茶树品种土壤条件制备方法加工方法氟含量

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