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Recent Advances in Patterning Strategies for Full‑Color Perovskite Light‑Emitting Diodes

Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第3期16卷 99-137页

作者： Gwang heon lee Kiwook Kim Yunho Kim Jiwoong Yang Moon Kee Choi Graduate School of Semiconductor Materials and Devices Engineering Center for Future Semiconductor Technology(FUST)Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology(UNIST)Ulsan 44919Republic of Korea Department of Energy Science and Engineering Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology(DGIST)Daegu 42988Republic of Korea Energy Science and Engineering Research Center Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology(DGIST)Daegu 42988Republic of Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology(UNIST)Ulsan 44919Republic of Korea Center for Nanoparticle Research Institute for Basic Science(IBS)Seoul 08826Republic of Korea

Metal halide perovskites have emerged as promising light-emitting materials for next-generation displays owing to their remarkable material characteristics including broad color tunability,pure color emission with remarkably narrow bandwidths,high quantum yield,and solution *** recent advances have pushed the luminance efficiency of monochromic perovskite light-emitting diodes(PeLEDs)to their theoretical limits,their current fabrication using the spincoating process poses limitations for fabrication of full-color *** integrate PeLEDs into full-color display panels,it is crucial to pattern red–green–blue(RGB)perovskite pixels,while mitigating issues such as cross-contamination and reductions in luminous ***,we present state-of-the-art patterning technologies for the development of full-color ***,we highlight recent advances in the development of efficient ***,we discuss various patterning techniques of MPHs(i.e.,photolithography,inkjet printing,electron beam lithography and laserassisted lithography,electrohydrodynamic jet printing,thermal evaporation,and transfer printing)for fabrication of RGB pixelated *** patterning techniques can be classified into two distinct approaches:in situ crystallization patterning using perovskite precursors and patterning of colloidal perovskite *** review highlights advancements and limitations in patterning techniques for PeLEDs,paving the way for integrating PeLEDs into full-color panels.

关键词： Perovskite Light-emitting diode Full-color display High-resolution patterning Electroluminescence

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Assessing land use/land cover change impacts on the hydrology of Nyong River Basin, Cameroon

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Journal of Mountain Science 2020年第1期17卷 50-67页

作者： EWANE Basil Ewane heon Ho lee Department of Geography Faculty of Social and Management SciencesUniversity of BueaP.O.BOX 63 BueaCameroon Department of Forest Resources College of Natural ResourcesYeungnam University280 Daehak-roGyeongsanSouth Korea

Uncontrolled land use land cover change(LULCC) is impacting watershed hydrology,particularly in tropical watersheds in developing countries. We assessed the extent of LULCC in the southern portion of the Nyong River basin through analysis of three land use maps in 1987, 2000 and2014. LULCC impact on hydrological variables of the Mbalmayo, Olama, Pont So’o, Messam, and Nsimi sub-watersheds of the southern portion of the Nyong River basin were evaluated by using the linear regression modeling and the Mann-Kendall test. This study reveals that dense forest cover decreased by16%, young secondary forest increased by 18%,agricultural/cropland increased by 10%, and built-up area/bare soil increased by 3% from 1987 to *** decrease in dense forest cover at 0.6% per year on average was driven by indiscriminate expansion of subsistence agricultural/cropland through shifting and fallow cultivation farming systems. Nonsignificant trends in total discharge, high flows, and low flows were observed in the large sub-watersheds of Mbalmayo and Olama from 1998 to 2013 with LULCC within the watershed. In contrast, significant decreasing trends in stream discharge(up to-5.1%and-5.9%), and significant increasing trends in high flows(up to 2.1% and 6.3%), respectively, were observed in the small sub-watersheds of Pont So’o and Messam from 1998 to 2013, particularly with increase in agricultural/cropland cover and decrease in dense forest cover. However, we found nonsignificant trends in mean annual discharge and low flows for all and whole watershed with LULCC. The results reveal spatially varying trends of stream discharge, low flows and high flows among the subwatersheds with LULCC within the study *** results suggest that the impacts of LULCC on watershed hydrology are easily detected in small subwatersheds than in large sub-watersheds. Therefore,the magnitude of dense forest cover loss must be significantly greater than 16% to cause significant changes and common trends

关键词： LULCC Land cover Land use Stream discharge Linear regression modeling Nyong River basin Mann-Kendall test

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Tree-ring reconstruction of streamflow for Palgong Mountain forested watershed in southeastern South Korea

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Journal of Mountain Science 2017年第1期14卷 60-76页

作者： EWANE Basil Ewane heon-Ho lee Department of Forest Resources College of Natural Resources Yeungnam University 280 Daehak-ro Gyeongsan-si Gyeongsangbuk-do 712-749 South Korea

Tree-ring chronologies from pine,oak and black locust tree species were used to reconstruct annual streamflow and examine hydrological drought years for Palgong Mountain forested watershed in southeastern South Korea for the period from 1954-2015. The backward elimination multiple regression analysis provided the statistically significant predictor chronologies of streamflow. The final calibration and verification test models accounted for 84.8% and 81.6%,respectively,of the variability in streamflow observed in the gage data. Further verification of the validity of the reconstructed model was undertaken with the Pearson Correlation Coefficient,the Reduction of Error Test,and the Durbin-Watson Statistics and indicated fidelity of the model for reconstructing the annual streamflow. Analyses of the reconstructed annual streamflow indicate that the most persistent years of high flows above the median annual discharge occurred from *** period included 7 single or multiple years of highest flow above the 90 th percentile discharge and multiple years of high flows with a time interval of 2-6 years,although with intervening multiple years of low flows below the 10 th and 50 th percentile. In comparison,the most persistent years of low flows below the median annual discharge occurred from 1954-1985 and 2009-2015. This period included 8 single or multiple years of lowest flow below the 10 th percentiledischarge and multiple years of low flows with a time interval of 2-9 years,although also with intervening multiple years of high flows above the 50 th percentile. No single years of extreme hydrological droughts below the 10 th percentile were identified from 1986-2015 whereas a greater proportion of high flows above the 90 th percentile occurred during this period. The persistent single or multiple years of lowest flows between 1954 and 1985 were the recent most critical hydrological drought years identified in the Palgong Mountain forested watershed providing supp

关键词：流域径流山地森林东南部韩国年径流量水文干旱轮重多元回归分析

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Influence of vegetation cover and other sources of variability on sediment and runoff response in a burned forest in South Korea

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Journal of Mountain Science 2017年第2期14卷 296-315页

作者： EWANE Basil Ewane lee heon-Ho Department of Forest Resources College of Natural ResourcesYeungnam University280 Daehak-roGyeongsan-siGyeongsangbuk-do712-749South Korea

Post-fire field measurements of sediment and run off yield were undertaken in natural rainfall event-basis during five rainy months in Korea on a total of 15 small plots: four replica burned unseeded plots, six replica burned seeded plots, and five replica unburned plots. The main aim was to evaluate the effects of vegetation recovery and spatial distribution patterns on sediment and runoff response between and within the treatment replica erosion plots. Sixyears after the wildfire, total sediment and runoff yield in the burned unseeded plots with 20%-30%vegetation cover was still 120.8 and 20.6 times higher than in the unburned treatment plots with 100%ground cover, 8.3 and 6.7 times higher than in the burned seeded plots with 70%-80% vegetation cover,while only 1.6 and 2.0 times higher than in the burned seeded plots with 50%-60% vegetation cover,respectively. The differences in sediment and runoff yield between the treatment plots was proportional to total vegetation cover, distance of bare soil to vegetation cover, magnitude of rainfall characteristics and changes in soil properties, but not slope *** out of the six within-treatment pairs of two replica plots showed large differences in sediment and runoff yield of up to 6.0 and 4.2 times and mean CV of up to 99.1% and 62.2%, respectively. This was due to differences in the spatial distribution patterns of surface cover features, including aggregation of vegetation and litter covers, the distance of bare soil exposed to vegetation cover closer to the plot sediment collector and micro topographic mounds and sinks between pairs of replica plots. Small differences in sediment and runoff of only 0.9-1.4folds and mean CV of 8.6%-25% were observed where the within-treatment pairs of replica plots had similar slope, total surface cover components and comparable spatial distribution pattern of vegetation and bare soil exposed surface covers. The results indicated that post-fire hillslopes undergoing effective

关键词：植被覆盖度径流泥沙沉积物火烧迹地韩国空间分布格局泥沙流失量植被覆盖率

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Dielectric Barrier Discharge Plasma-Induced Photocatalysis and Ozonation for the Treatment of Wastewater

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Plasma Science and Technology 2008年第1期10卷 100-105页

作者： MOK YoungSun JO Jin-Oh lee heon-Ju Department of Chemical Engineering Cheju National University Jeju 690-756 South Korea Department of Energy Engineering Cheju National University Jeju 690-756 South Korea

The physicochemical processes of dielectric barrier discharge （DBD） such as insitu formation of chemically active species and emission of ultraviolet （UV）/visible light were utilized for the treatment of a simulated wastewater formed with Acid Red 4 as the model organic contaminant. The chemically active species （mostly ozone） produced in the DBD reactor were well distributed in the wastewater using a porous gas diffuser, thereby increasing the gas-liquid contact area. For the purpose of making the best use of the light emission, a titanium oxide-based photocatalyst was incorporated in the wastewater treating system. The experimental parameters chosen were the voltage applied to the DBD reactor, the initial pH of the wastewater, and the concentration of hydrogen peroxide added to the wastewater. The results have clearly shown that the present system capable of degrading organic contaminants in two ways （photocatalysis and ozonation） may be a promising wastewater treatment technology.

关键词： dielectric barrier discharge ozone ultraviolet light photocatalyst wastewater

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Cloning,expression in Escherichia coli,and enzymatic properties of laccase from Aeromonas hydrophila WL-11

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2010年第4期22卷 635-640页

作者： Jing Wu Kyoung-Sook Kim Jai-heon lee Young-Choon lee Department of Biotechnology Dong-A University Busan 604-714 South Korea. Brain Korea 21 Center for Silver-Bio Industrialization Dong-A University Busan 604-714 South Korea

A strain WL-11 with high laccase activity was isolated from activated sludge collected from the effluent treatment plant of a textile and dyeing industry. It was identified as Aeromonas hydrophila by physiological test and 16S rDNA sequence analysis. A gene encoding of laccase from a newly isolated Aeromonas hydrophila WL-11 was cloned and characterized. Nucleotide sequence analysis showed an open reading frame of 1605 bp encoding a polypeptide comprised of 534 amino acids. The primary structure of the enzyme predicted the structural features characteristic of other laccases, including the conserved regions of four histidine-rich copper-binding sites. The predicted amino acid sequence showed a high homology （more than 60%） with bacterial laccases in the genome and protein databases and the highest degree of similarity （61% identity） was observed with the multicopper oxidase of KlebsieUa sp. 601. When expressed in Escherichia coli, the recombinant enzyme was overproduced in the cytoplasm as soluble and active form. The purified enzyme had an optimum pH of 2.6 and 8.0 for ABTS （2,2＇-azino-bis（3-ethylbenzthiazolinesulfonic acid） and DMP （2,6-dimethoxyphenol）, respectively. The kinetic study on ABTS revealed a higher affinity of this enzyme to this substrate than DMP.

关键词： cloning expression enzymatic properties laccase Aeromonas hydrophila

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Genome-Wide Analysis and Molecular Characterization of Heat Shock Transcription Factor Family in Glycine max

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2013年第3期40卷 127-135页

作者： Eunsook Chung Kyoung-Mi Kim Jai-heon lee BK21 Center for Silver-Bio Industrialization College of Natural Resources and Life Science Dong-A University

Heat shock transcription factors （Hsfs） play an essential role on the increased tolerance against heat stress by regulating the expression of heat-responsive genes. In this study, a genome-wide analysis was performed to identify all of the soybean （Glycine max） GmHsfgenes based on the latest soybean genome sequence. Chromosomal location, protein domain, motif organization, and phylogenetic relationships of 26 non-redundant GmHsf genes were analyzed compared with AtHsfs （Arabidopsis thaliana Hsfs）. According to their structural features, the predicted members were divided into the previously defined classes A-C, as described for AtHsfs. Transcript levels and subcellular localization of five GmHsfs responsive to abiotic stresses were analyzed by real-time RT-PCR. These results provide a fundamental clue for understanding the complexity of the soybean GmHsfgene family and cloning the functional genes in future studies.

关键词： Abiotic stress Arabidopsis thaliana Expression patterns Glycine max Heat shock transcription factor Phylogenetic analysis

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Changes and development plans in the mountain villages of South Korea:Comparison of the first and second national surveys

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Journal of Mountain Science 2017年第8期14卷 1473-1489页

作者： Hag Mo KANG Hyun KIM Chang heon lee Chong Kyu lee Soo Im CHOI Department of Forest Environmental Science Chonbuk National University Jeollabuk-do Forest Environment Research Institute Department of Forest Resources Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology Department of Forest Resources Sunchon National University

Owing to the geographic disadvantages of mountain villages, the social, cultural, and economic conditions of mountain villagers are inferior to those of urban dwellers in South Korea. Thus, in 1995, the The government of South Korea launched a mountain village development support program to promote agriculture and forestry, balance national land development, and preserve cultural heritage. The program was effectively implemented, improving the income, population size, and living conditions of villagers in addition to setting up a system for stable project implementation. However, concerns were raised about long-term development planning, the creation and marketing of specialty brands, facility management/operation, and follow-up support. The government conducted surveys of mountain villagers in 2003 and 2014, obtaining basic data to address these issues. This study evaluates the outcomes of these two surveys, suggesting areas requiring focusedaction, concentrating on village development projects, forest resource distribution and use, demographic trends, the economy, exchange with urban areas, green tourism, and master planning. We find that despite growth in the forest labor force, forest ownership is diminishing in terms of the number and scale of holdings. Consequently, it is necessary to commercialize forest resources, establish favorable settlement conditions, and expand government support for village-run projects. In addition, systematic forest management for older tree age classes would benefit the public and provide assets for future mountain village development. Our results are expected to provide baseline information for the establishment and efficient implementation of mountain village development policy.

关键词： Forest resources management Mountain village changes Mountain village economy Support for mountain villages Urban-rural exchange

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Selectively patterned TiO2 nanorods as electron transport pathway for high performance perovskite solar cells

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Nano Research 2019年第3期12卷 601-606页

作者： Daihong Huh KyoungSuk Oh Minjin Kim Hak-Jong Choi Dong Suk Kim heon lee Department of Materials Science and Engineering Korea University Anam-ro 145 Sungbuk-Gu Seoul 136-701 Republic cf Korea KIER-UNIST Advanced Center for Energy Korea Institute of Energy Research (KIER) UNIST-Gil 50 Eonyang-eup Ulju-gun Ulsan 689-851 Republic of Korea Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia Pennsylvania 19104 USA

Organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are attracting tremendous attention for new-generation photovoltaic devices because of their excellent power conversion efficiency and simple fabrication process. One of the various approaches to increase the efficiency of PSCs is to change the material or structure of the carrier transport layer. Here, optically long and electrically short structural concept is proposed to enhance the characteristics of a PSC by employing selectively grown single crystalline TiO2 nanorods. The approach has the merit of increasing the electro n-hole separati on effectively and en ables a thicker active layer to be coated without electrical loss by using TiO2 nano rods as an electr on pathway. Moreover, selectively grow n TiO2 nano rods in crease the optical path of the in cide nt light via scatteri ng effects and en able a smooth coati ng of the active layer. Nano imprint lithography and hydrothermal growth were employed to fabricate selectively grow n TiO2 nanorod substrates. The fabricated solar cell exhibits an efficiency of 19.86% with a current density, open-circuit voltage, and fill factor of 23.13 mA/cm^2, 1.120 V, and 76.69%, respectively. Time-resolved photoluminescence, ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, and the incident phot on to current efficiency (IPCE) an alysis were conducted to understand the factors resp on sible for the improvement in characteristics of the fabricated PSCs.

关键词： perovskite solar cells patter ned T1O2 nanorods nanoimprint lithography

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Exhaust Cleaning with Dielectric Barrier Discharge

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Plasma Science and Technology 2010年第6期12卷 688-691页

作者： Vadim Yu.PLAKSIN Oleksiy V.PENKOV Min Kook KO heon Ju lee Department of Nuclear & Energy Engineering Jeju National University

To clean the exhaust emissions as one of the most important tasks in pollution control, a study on the treatment of engine emissions with discharge assistance was reported. A DBD plasma source shaped in grid and cylinder was examined in different engine operational modes to reduce the NOx content of diesel engine exhaust. The composition of the exhaust gases and chemical reactions initiated by the discharge were analyzed. The discharge frequency had a crucial impact on the device＇s performance and gas treatment. The voltages applied to the discharge gap could alter the chemical reactions occurring in the treated gases, which were indicated by the NO to NO2 ratio. The operation of the system was studied at frequencies ranging from 400 Hz to 16 kHz.

关键词： dielectric barrier discharge diesel engine emissions NOx atmospheric pressure

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