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What did we learn from preparing for cross-border transmission of Ebola virus disease into a complex humanitarian setting-The Republic of South Sudan?

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2020年第2期9卷 106-107页

作者： Olushayo Oluseun Olu Richard Lako Joseph Francis Wamala Patrick Otim Ramadan Caroline Ryan Ifeanyi Udenweze Kibebu Berta Argata Guracha Guyo Alex Sokemawu Michael Tukuru henry john gray Alex Chimbaru World Health Organization Ebola Virus Disease preparedness team JubaRepublic of South Sudan 不详

Background:Following the West Africa Ebola virus disease(EVD)outbreak(2013-2016),WHO developed a preparedness checklist for its member *** checklist is currently being applied for the first time on a large and systematic scale to prepare for the cross border importation of the ongoing EVD outbreak in the Democratic Republic of Congo hence the need to document the lessons learnt from this *** is more pertinent considering the complex humanitarian context and weak health system under which some of the countries such as the Republic of South Sudan are implementing their EVD preparedness *** text:We identified four main lessons from the ongoing EVD preparedness efforts in the Republic South ***,EVD preparedness is possible in complex humanitarian settings such as the Republic of South Sudan by using a longer-term health system strengthening ***,the Republic of South Sudan is at risk of both domestic and cross border transmission of EVD and several other infectious disease outbreaks hence the need for an integrated and sustainable approach to outbreak preparedness in the ***,a phased and well-prioritized approach is required for EVD preparedness in complex humanitarian settings given the costs associated with preparedness and the difficulties in the accurate prediction of outbreaks in such ***,EVD preparedness in complex humanitarian settings is a massive undertaking that requires effective and decentralized ***:Despite a very challenging context,the Republic of South Sudan made significant progress in its EVD preparedness drive demonstrating that it is possible to rapidly scale up preparedness efforts in complex humanitarian contexts if appropriate and context-specific approaches are *** research,systematic reviews and evaluation of the ongoing preparedness efforts are required to ensure comprehensive documentation and application of the lessons learnt for future EV

关键词： Lessons learnt Ebola virus disease Preparedness Complex humanitarian settings The Republic of South Sudan

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Peacebuilding Is Social Work:From Political Science to Social Psychology

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Sociology Study 2024年第2期14卷 91-97页

作者： Alexandra gray Basilio Monteiro St.john’s University New YorkU.S.

For the longest time,peacemaking and peacekeeping were the only post-factum interventions to resolve armed conflicts usually related to a nation-state’s borders or *** has its origins in sociology(Galtung,1969;1975)and is used today as a preferred concept in matters of ***,this paper explores why peacebuilding,as the Secretary General of the United Nations advocates in A New Agenda for Peace,must become a nonlinear and contextual process that promotes the prevention of conflict and invites a transformative approach to addressing the linkages between peace,security,and ***,this paper advocates that peacebuilding grounded in social psychology and social anthropology will bring about transformative outcomes as it will build relationships at the community level and become a preventive tool to address incipient tensions within the *** as social work will benefit the community and lay the necessary foundations for a sustainable *** workers are equipped to assess,analyze,and solve *** capacity to do ongoing social diagnosis is a critical tool to prevent skirmishes degenerating into *** work could be the much-needed resource to further develop theory and practice that contributes to active peacebuilding.

关键词： peacebuilding peacekeeping social work conflict prevention reconciliation

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Myosin XI Is Required for Actin-Associated Movement of Plastid Stromules

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Molecular Plant 2009年第6期2卷 1262-1272页

作者： Senthil Kumar A. Natesan James A. Sullivan john C. gray Department of Plant Sciences University of Cambridge Downing Street Cambridge CB2 3EA UK Present address: Sir William Dunn School of Pathology University of Oxford South Parks Road Oxford OX1 3RE UK Present address: School of Biological and Chemical Sciences Queen Mary University of London Mile End Road London E1 4NS UK

Stromules are highly dynamic stroma-filled tubules extending from the surface of plastids and occasionally interconnecting individual plastids, allowing the movement of complex biological molecules between the interconnected plastids. Experiments with inhibitors of cytoskeleton assembly have indicated the involvement of an actin-based system in stromule movement. However, the motor protein associated with the system had not been identified. Here, we present direct evidence that myosin XI is involved in the formation and movement of stromules in tobacco leaves. Application of 2,3-butanedione 2-monoxime, an inhibitor of myosin ATPase activity, resulted in the loss of stromules from tobacco leaf epidermal cells. Transient RNA interference of myosin XI in leaves of Nicotiana benthamiana also resulted in the loss of stromules from epidermal cells, without any effect on transcripts for actin or myosin VIII. Transient expression of a GFP- tagged myosin XI tail domain in tobacco leaf epidermal cells showed that the fusion protein localized to the chloroplast envelope, as well as to mitochondria and other organelles. Our findings identify myosin XI as a key protein involved in the formation and movement of stromules.

关键词： Chloroplast biology cytoskeleton organelle biogenesis/function tobacco.

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Association between thyroid function and gallstone disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第35期11卷 5530-5534页

作者： henry Vlzke Daniel M Robinson Ulrich john Ernst Moritz Arndt University Greifswald Institute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine Walther Rathenau Str. 48 D-17487 Greifswald Germany Ernst Moritz Arndt University Greifswald Department of Medicine B Friedrich Loeffler Str. 23a D-17487 Greifswald Germany

AIM： To investigate those associations using data of the population-based Study of Health in Pomerania. METHODS： A study population of 3 749 residents aged 20-79 years without previously diagnosed thyroid disease was available for analyses. Serum TSH was used to assess thyroid function. Cholelithiasis was defined by either a prior history of cholecystectomy or the presence of gallstones on ultrasound. Logistic regression was performed to analyze independent associations between thyroid function and cholelithiasis. RESULTS： There were 385 persons （10.3%） with low （〈0.3 mIU/L）, 3 321 persons （88.6%） with normal and 43 persons （1.2%） with high serum TSH levels （〉3 mIU/L）. The proportion of cholelithiasis among males and females was 14.4% and 25.3%, respectively. Among males, there was an independent relation between high serum TSH and cholelithiasis （OR 3.77; 95%-CI 1.06-13.41; P〈0.05）. Also among males, there was a tendency towards an elevated risk of cholelithiasis in persons with low serum TSH （OR 1.40; 95%-CI 0.96-2.02; P= 0.07）. In the female population, no such relation was identified. CONCLUSION： There is an association between thyroid and gallstone disease with a gender-specific relation between hypothyroidism and cholelithiasis.

关键词： Thyroid function Gallstones Cholelithiasis SHIP

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HP30-2, a mitochondrial PRAT protein for import of signal sequence-less precursor proteins in Arabidopsis thaliana

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2017年第8期59卷 535-551页

作者： Claudia Rossig john gray Oscar Valdes Sachin Rustgi Diter von Wettstein Christiane Reinbothe Steffen Reinbothe Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics and Laboratory of Environmental and Systems Biology Grenoble-Alpes-University Grenoble France Department of Biological Sciences University of Toledo 2801 West Bancroft Street Toledo OH 43606 USA Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences Pee Dee Research and Education Center Clemson University Florence SC 29506 USA Department of Crop and Soil Sciences Washington State University Pullman WA 99164-6420 USA

Chloroplasts and mitochondria contain a family of putative preprotein and amino acid transporters designated PRAT. Here, we analyzed the role of two previously characterized PRAT protein family members, encoded by At3g49560 （HP30） and At5g24650 （HP30-2）, in planta using a combination of genetic, cell biological and biochemical approaches. Expression studies and green fluorescent protein tagging identified HP30-2 both in chloroplasts and mitochondria, whereas HP30 was located exclusively in chloroplasts. Biochemical evidence was obtained for an association of mitochondrial HP30-2 with two distinct protein complexes, one containing the inner membrane translocase TIM22 and the other containing an alternative NAD（P）H dehydrogenase subunit （NDCI） implicated in a respiratory complex 1-1ike electron trans- port chain. Through its association with TIM22, HP30-2 is involved in the uptake of carrier proteins and other, hydrophobic membrane proteins lacking cleavable N H2-terminal presequences, whereas HP30-2＇s interaction with NDC1 may permit controlling mitochondrial biogenesis and activity.

关键词： of as et in HP30-2,a mitochondrial PRAT protein for import of signal sequence-less precursor proteins in Arabidopsis thaliana for Figure NDC were TIM RNAi that

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Impaired gluconeogenesis in a porcine model of paracetamol induced acute liver failure

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第11期17卷 1457-1461页

作者： Konstantinos J Dabos henry R Whalen Philip N Newsome john A Parkinson Neil C Henderson Ian H Sadler Peter C Hayes john N Plevris Liver Cell Biology Laboratory Department of HepatologyUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghEH16 4SAUnited Kingdom Gastroenterology Unit Ioannina General Hospital Hatzikosta450-01 IoanninaGreece Gastroenterology Department Hatzikosta General HospitalLeoforos Makrygianni450-01 IoanninaGreece Department of Chemistry University of EdinburghEdinburghEH16 6AAUnited Kingdom

AIM:To investigate glucose homeostasis and in particular gluconeogenesis in a large animal model of acute liver failure(ALF).METHODS:Six pigs with paracetamol induced ALF under general anaesthesia were studied over 25 *** samples were withdrawn every five hours from a central *** animals were used as controls and were maintained under anaesthesia *** 1 H NMR spectroscopy we identified most gluconeogenic amino acids along with lactate and pyruvate in the animal plasma ***:No significant changes were observed in the concentrations of the amino acids studied in the animals maintained under anaesthesia *** we look at the ALF animals,we observed a statistically significant rise of lactate(P<0.003)and pyruvate(P<0.018) at the end of the *** also observed statistically significant rises in the concentrations of alanine(P<0.002),glycine(P<0.005),threonine(P< 0.048),tyrosine(P<0.000),phenylalanine(P<0.000) and isoleucine(P<0.01).Valine levels decreased significantly(P<0.05).CONCLUSION:Our pig model of ALF is characterized by an altered gluconeogenetic capacity,an impaired tricarboxylic acid(TCA)cycle and a glycolytic state.

关键词： Lactate Pyruvate Branch chain amino acids Aromatic amino acids

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Comparing the Time-Deformation Method with the Fractional Fourier Transform in Filtering Non-Stationary Processes

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Journal of Signal and Information Processing 2012年第4期3卷 491-501页

作者： Mengyuan Xu Wayne A. Woodward henry L. gray Department of Statistical Science Southern Methodist University Dallas USA Statistics Genomics Unit NIH/NIMH (National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Mental Health) Bethesda USA

The classical linear filter is able to extract components from multi-component stochastic processes where the frequencies of components do not overlap over time, but fail for those processes where the frequencies overlap over time. In this paper, we discuss two filtering methods for non-stationary processes: the G-filtering method and the Fractional Fourier transform (FrFT) method. The FrFT method is mainly designed for linear chirp signals where the frequency is linearly changing with time. The G-filter can be used to filter signals with wide range of frequency behaviors such as linear chirps, quadratic chirps and other type of chirp signals with strong time-varying frequency behavior. If frequencies of the components can be approximated or separated by a straight line or a polynomial curve, the G-filter can successfully extract components from the original series. We show that the G-filter is applicable to a wider variety of filtering applications than methods such as the FrFT which require data of a specified frequency behavior.

关键词： Filtering Time-Frequency Time-Deformation Fractional Fourier Transform

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Developing a longline/jig sentinel survey program for an area with limited monitoring and fishing efforts

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2020年第3期5卷 139-147页

作者： Anna M.henry john Carlucci Mattie Rodrigue Robyn Linner Yong Chen School of Marine Sciences University of MaineOronoME04469USA

Areas,such as coastal eastern Gulf of Maine(GOM),perceived to have low density of target fish species and having high density fixed gear,are often subject to low fishing pressure and not well *** can lead to a shortage of information regarding the fine scale dynamics of groundfish *** surveys are commonly developed for such areas with little monitoring and commercial fishing activity as a cost effective way to collect relevant data for monitoring the dynamics of fish *** this study,we outline an approach that utilizes information from other survey programs and pilot study for designing a survey that satisfies both the wish of fishermen participants to contribute their knowledge and experience in determining groundfish abundance and distribution and the statistical rigor required for stock *** an analysis of spatial and density distribution of groundfish populations based on data from pilot seasons of the sentinel survey and other monitoring programs,we designed a survey that has good spatial and temporal coverage and captures the spatial variability in species composition and size structure of key *** spatially explicit data collected in the program can contribute to a better understanding of groundfish stock status in the eastern *** approach,although developed for the coastal eastern GOM,is also applicable to other areas with similar issues.

关键词： Coastal Eastern Gulf of Maine Sentinel survey Groundfish Longline/jig Survey design

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Hepatic steatosis is associated with an increased risk of carotid atherosclerosis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第12期11卷 1848-1853页

作者： henry V(o|¨)lzke Daniel M.Robinson Volker Kleine Roland Deutscher Wolfgang Hoffmann Jan Lüdemann Ulf Schminke Christof Kessler Ulrich john Institute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine Department of Internal Medicine B Institute for Community Medicine Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine Department of Neurology

AIM: Although an association between hepatic steatosis and vascular risk factors has been described, direct relationships between fatty liver and atherosclerosis have not yet been investigated. The aim of the present study has been to investigate those relationships. METHODS: The Study of Health in Pomerania examined a random population sample aged between 20 and 79 years. A study population of 4 222 subjects without hepatitis B and C infections and without liver cirrhosis was available for the present analysis. Hepatic steatosis was defined sonographically and intima-media thickness (IMT) as well as plaque prevalence were estimated by carotid ultrasound. RESULTS: The prevalence rate of hepatic steatosis was 29.9%. Among subjects aged ≥45 years, an association between hepatic steatosis and IMT of the carotid arteries was found in bivariate analysis, but not after adjustment for atherosclerotic risk factors. Individuals with fatty liver had more often carotid plaques than persons without fatty liver (plaque prevalence rate 76.8% vs 66.6%; P<0.001). This association persisted after adjustment for confounding factors and was predominantly present in subjects with no to mild alcohol consumption. CONCLUSION: There is an independent association between hepatic steatosis and carotid atherosclerotic plaques. Metabolic changes due to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease may explain this relationship.

关键词： Hepatic steatosis Fatty liver Atherosclerosis Study of Health in Pomerania

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MgCl2和Gpp（NH）p对腺苷A1受体激动剂和拮抗剂结合的作用比较（英文）

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Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2003年第8期24卷 3-14+110页

作者： Keith FINLAYSON,MAEMOTO Takuya,Steven P BUTCHER,john SHARKEY,henry J OLVERMAN Fujisawa Institute of Neuroscience Fujisawa Institute of Neuroscience Fujisawa Institute of Neuroscience Division of Neuroscience University of Edinburgh Level 6 Appleton Tower Crichton Street. Edinburgh EH8 9LE UK Division of Neuroscience University of Edinburgh Level 6 Appleton Tower Crichton Street. Edinburgh EH8 9LE UK

AIM: To investigate modulation of antagonist and agonist binding to adenosine A1receptors by MgCl2and 5'-guanylimidodiphosphate (Gpp（NH）p) using rat brain membranes and the A1antagonist [3H]-8-cyclopentyl-1,3-dipropylxanthine （[3H]DPCPX） and the A1agonist [3H]-2-chloro-N6-cyclopentyladenosine （[3H]CCPA）. METHODS: Parallel saturation and inhibition studies were performed using well-characterised radioligand binding assays and a Brandel Cell Harvester. RESULTS: MgCl2produced a concentration-dependent decrease （44%）, whereas Gpp（NH）p increased [3H]DPCPX binding （19%）. In [3H]DPCPX competition studies, agonist affinity was 1.5-14.6-fold higher and 4.6-10-fold lower in the presence of 10 mmol/L MgCl2and 10 μmol/L Gpp（NH）p respectively; antagonist affinity was unaffected. The decrease in agonist affinity with increasing Gpp（NH）p concentrations was due to a reduction in the proportion of binding to the high affinity receptor state. In contrast to [3H]DPCPX, MgCl2produced a concentration-

关键词：嘌呤P1受体放射配位体测定氯化镁鸟苷酰亚氨二磷酸脑

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