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Cell wallβ-1,4-galactan regulated by the BPC1/BPC2-GALS1 module aggravates salt sensitivity in Arabidopsis thaliana

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Molecular Plant 2021年第3期14卷 411-425页

作者： Jingwei Yan Ya Liu Lan Yang Huan He Yun Huang Lin Fang henrik vibe scheller Mingyi Jiang Aying Zhang College of Life Sciences Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingJiangsu 210095China State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingJiangsu 210095China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany South China Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhouGuangdong 510650China Joint Bioenergy Institute and Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCA 94720USA Department of Plant and Microbial Biology University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA 94720USA

Salinity severely reduces plant growth and limits agricultural *** changes and rearrangement of the plant cell wall is an important response to salt stress,but relatively little is known about the biological importance of specific cell wall components in the ***,we demonstrate a specific function ofβ-1,4-galactan in salt *** found that salt stress induces the accumulation ofβ-1,4-galactan in root cell walls by up regulating the expression of GALACTAN SYNTHASE 1(GALS1),which encodes aβ-1,4-galactan *** accumulation ofβ-1,4-galactan negatively affects salt *** application of D-galactose(D-Gal)causes an increase inβ-1,4-galactan levels in the wild type and GALS1 mutants,especially in GALS1 overexpressors,which correlated with the aggravated salt ***,we discovered that the BARLEY B RECOMBINANT/BASIC PENTACYSTEINE transcription factors BPC1/BPC2 positively regulate plant salt tolerance by repressing GALS1 expression andβ-1,4-galactan *** analysis suggested that GALS1 is genetically epistatic to BPC1/BPC2 with respect to the control of salt sensitivity as well as accumulation ofβ-1,*** together,our results reveal a new regulatory mechanism by whichβ-1,4-galactan regulated by the BPC1/BPC2-GALS1 module aggravates salt sensitivity in Arabidopsis thaliana.

关键词： salt stress β-1,4-galactan GALS1 BPC1/BPC2 Arabidopsis thaliana

Arabinosylation of a Yariv-Precipitable Cell Wall Polymer Impacts Plant Growth as Exemplified by the Arabidopsis Glycosyltransferase Mutant ray1

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Molecular Plant 2013年第4期6卷 1369-1372页

作者： Sascha Gille vaishali Sharma Edward E.K. Baidoo Jay D. Keasling henrik vibe scheller Markus Pauly Energy Biosciences Institute University of California Berkeley CA 94720 USA Joint BioEnergy Institute Emeryville CA 94608 USA Physical Biosciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA 94720 USA Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Department of Bioengineering University of California Berkeley CA 94720 USA Department of Plant and Microbial Biology University of California Berkeley CA 94720 USA

Dear Editor, Plant cells are encased by cell walls--rigid yet highly dynamic composite structures, which consist of cellulose, hemicelluloses, pectic polysaccharides, glycoproteins, and the polyphenol lignin （Somerville et al., 2004）. Biosynthesis of the wall polysaccharides is facilitated by donor- and acceptor- substrate-specific glycosyltransferases catalyzing the transfer of the sugar moiety from a nucleotide sugar to form a specific glycosidic linkage. Glycosyltransferases have been grouped into families based on primary structure, one of which is fam- ily GT77 （***/GT77_***）.

关键词： NICOTIANA benthamiana NUCLEOTIDES PLANT cell walls GLYCOSYLTRANSFERASES PLANT genes

The Cooperative Activities of CSLD2, CSLD3, and CSLD5 Are Required for Normal Arabidopsis Development

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Molecular Plant 2011年第6期4卷 1024-1037页

作者： Lan Yin Yves verhertbruggen Ai Oikawa Chithra Manisseri Bernhard Knierim Lina Prak Jacob Kriiger Jensen Paul Knox Manfred Auer William G.T. Willatsa and henrik vibe scheller Department of Plant Biology and Biotechnology Faculty of Life Sciences University of Copenhagen DK-1871 Frederiksberg C Denmark Joint BioEnergy Institute Feedstocks Division 5885 Hollis St Emeryville CA 94608 USA Present address： Department of Arctic and Marine Biology University of Tromso 9037 Tromse Norway Physical Biosciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA 94720 USA Present address： Molecular Phytopathology and Genetics University of Hamburg D-22609 Hamburg Germany f Joint BioEnergy Institute Technology Division 5885 Hollis St Emeryville CA 94608 USA Life Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA 94720 USA Present address： Department of Plant Biology Michigan State University East Lansing MI 48824 USA Centre for Plant Sciences Faculty of Biological Sciences University of Leeds Leeds LS2 9JT UK Department of Plant and Microbial Biology University of California Berkeley CA 94720 USA Joint BioEnergy Institute Technology Division 5885 Hoilis St Emeryville CA 94608 USA

Glycosyltransferases of the Cellulose Synthase Like D （CS/D） subfamily have been reported to be involved in tip growth and stem development in Arabidopsis. The csld2 and csld3 mutants are root hair defective and the csld5 mutant has reduced stem growth. In this study, we produced double and triple knockout mutants of CSLD2, CSLD3, and CSLD5. Unlike the single mutants and the csld2/csld3 double mutant, the csld2/csld5, csld3/csld5, and csld2/csld3/csld5 mutants were dwarfed and showed severely reduced viability. This demonstrates that the cooperative activities of CSLD2, CSLD3, and CSLD5 are required for normal Arabidopsis development, and that they are involved in important processes besides the specialized role in tip growth. The mutant phenotypes indicate that CSLD2 and CSLD3 have overlapping functions with CSLD5 in early plant development, whereas the CSLD2 and CSLD3 proteins are non-redundant. To determine the biochemical function of CSLD proteins, we used transient expression in tobacco leaves. Microsomes containing heterologously expressed CSLD5 transferred mannose from GDP-mannose onto endogenous acceptors. The same activity was detected when CSLD2 and CSLD3 were coexpressed but not when they were expressed separately. With monosaccharides as exogenous acceptors, microsomal preparations from CSLD5-expressing plants mediated the transfer of mannose from GDP-mannose onto mannose. These results were supported by immunodetection studies that showed reduced levels of a mannan epitope in the cell walls of stem interfascicular fibers and xylem vessels of the csld2/csld3/csld5 mutant.

关键词： Cellulose synthase like hemicelluloses mannan glycosyltransferases polysaccharide plant development.

The tensor embedding for a Grothendieck cosmos

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Science China Mathematics 2023年第11期66卷 2471-2494页

作者： henrik Holm Sinem Odabasi Department of Mathematical Sciences University of CopenhagenCopenhagen 02100Denmark Instituto de Ciencias Físicas y Matemáticas Universidad Austral de ChileValdivia 5090000Chile

While the Yoneda embedding and its generalizations have been studied extensively in the literature,the so-called tensor embedding has only received a little *** this paper,we study the tensor embedding for closed symmetric monoidal categories and show how it is connected to the notion of geometrically purity,which has recently been investigated in the works of Enochs et al.(2016)and Estrada et al.(2017).More precisely,for a Grothendieck cosmos,i.e.,a bicomplete Grothendieck category v with a closed symmetric monoidal structure,we prove that the geometrically pure exact category(v,ε■)has enough relative injectives;in fact,every object has a geometrically pure injective *** also show that for some regular cardinalλ,the tensor embedding yields an exact equivalence between(v,ε■)and the category ofλ-cocontinuous v-functors from Presλ(v)to v,where the former is the full v-subcategory ofλ-presentable objects in *** many cases of interest,λcan be chosen to be■0 and the tensor embedding identifies the geometrically pure injective objects in v with the(categorically)injective objects in the abelian category of v-functors from fp(v)to *** we explain,the developed theory applies,e.g.,to the category Ch(R)of chain complexes of modules over a commutative ring R and to the category Qcoh(X)of quasi-coherent sheaves over a(suitably nice)scheme X.

关键词： enriched functor exact category (pre)envelope (pure)injective object purity symmetric monoidal category tensor embedding Yoneda embedding

Inactivation of OslRX10 Leads to Decreased Xylan Content in Rice Culm Cell Walls and Improved Biomass Saccharification

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Molecular Plant 2013年第2期6卷 570-573页

作者： Xuewei Chen Miguel E. vega-Sanchez Yves verhertbruggenb Dawn Chiniquy Patrick E. Canlas Alexandra Fagerstrom Lina Prak Ulla Christensen Ai Oikawa Mawsheng Chern Shimin Zuo Fan Lin Manfred Auer William G.T. Willats Laura Bartley Jesper Harholt henrik v. scheller Pamela C. Ronald Department of Plant Pathology and The Genome Center University of California Davis CA 95616 USA Joint BioEnergy Institute Emeryville CA 94608 USA Rice Research Institute Sichuan Agricultural University at Wenjiang Wenjiang Chengdu 611130 China Physical Biosciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA 94720 USA Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences Faculty of Science University of Copenhagen DK-1871 Frederiksberg Denmark Department of Botany and Microbiology University of Oklahoma Norman OK 73019 USA Department of Plant and Microbial Biology University of California Berkeley CA 94720 USA

Dear Editor, Xylan polysaccharides constitute the major non-cellulosic components in secondary cell walls of dicots and in both primary and secondary cell walls of grasses （scheller and Ulvskov, 2010）. Xylan is composed of a linear backbone of 13（1-4）-linked xylose （Xyl）. In grasses, the xylan backbone is substituted with 03-1inked and 02-1inked arabinose residues and, to a lesser extent, a（1-3）-Iinked glucuronic acid residues.

关键词： Cell wall xylan wall Culm Inactivation Secondary batteries Residues Saccharification cellulose microfibrils Grasses

In vivo Studies on the Roles of Tic55-Related Proteins in Chloroplast Protein Import in Arabidopsis thaliana

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Molecular Plant 2009年第6期2卷 1397-1409页

作者： Patrik Boij Ramesh Patel Christel Garcia Paul Jarvis henrik Aronsson Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences University of Gothenburg Box 461 SE-405 30 Gothenburg Sweden Department of Biology University of Leicester University Road Leicester LE1 7RH UK

The TicS5 （Translocon at the inner envelope membrane of chloroplasts, 55 kDa） protein was identified in pea as a putative regulator, possibly linking chloroplast protein import to the redox state of the photosynthetic machinery. Two Tic55 homologs have been proposed to exist in Arabidopsis： atTic55-11 and AtPTC52 （Protochlorophyllide-dependent Trans- Iocon Component, 52 kDa; has also been called atTic55-1v）. Our phylogenetic analysis shows that attic55-11 is an ortholog of psTic55 from pea （Pisum sativurn）, and that AtPTC52 is a more distant homolog of the two. AtPTC52 was included in this study to rule out possible functional links between the proteins in Arabidopsis. No detectable mutant phenotypes were found in two independent T-DNA knockout mutant plant lines for each Arabidopsis protein, when compared with wild- type： visible appearance, chlorophyll content, photosynthetic performance, and chloroplast protein import, for example, were all normal. Both wild-type and tic55-11 mutant chloroplasts exhibited deficient protein import when treated with diethylpyrocarbonate, indicating that Tic55 is not the sole target of this reagent in relation to protein import. Furthermore, ptc52 mutant chloroplasts were not defective with respect to pPORA import, which was previously reported to involve PTC52 in barley. Thus, we conclude that atTic55-11 and AtPTC52 are not strictly required for functional protein import in Arabidopsis.

关键词： Arabidopsis chloroplast import protein targeting Tic55.

Chronic intestinal ischemia and splanchnic blood-flow:Reference values and correlation with body-composition

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第6期19卷 882-888页

作者： Helle Damgaard Zacho Jens henrik henriksen Jan Abrahamsen Department of Clinical Physiology Viborg Regional Hospital Department of Clinical Physiology Hvidovre HospitalUniversity of Copenhagen

AIM:To determine the splanchnic blood flow and oxygen uptake in healthy-subjects and patients and to relate the findings to ***:The total splanchnic blood flow (SBF) and oxygen uptake (SO2U) were measured in 20 healthy volunteers (10 women) and 29 patients with suspected chronic intestinal ischemia (15 women),age 40-85 years,prior to and after a standard *** method is based on the Fick principle using the continuous infusion of an indicator (99mTechnetium-labelled mebrofenin) and catheterization of an artery and the hepatic *** angiography of the intestinal arteries was performed during the same investigation.A whole-body dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry scan was performedin healthy volunteers to determine body ***:Angiography revealed no atherosclerotic lesions in the intestinal *** mean baseline SBF was 1087mL/min (731-1390),and this value increased significantly to 1787 mL/min after the meal in healthy volunteers (Pvolunteers and patients was 50.7mL/min and 48.0mL/min,respectively,and these values increased to 77.5 mL/min and 75mL/min postprandially,*** baseline and postprandial SO2U were directly related to lean body *** and sex exerted no impact on ***:A direct correlation between body weight and the postprandial increase in SBF was *** effect of body weight should be considered in the diagnosis of chronic intestinal ischemia.

关键词： Splanchnic circulation Postprandial period Body composition Mesenteric vascular occlusion Middle aged

Low-FODMAP diet reduces irritable bowel symptoms in patients with inflammatory bowel disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第18期23卷 3356-3366页

作者： Natalia Pedersen Dorit vedel Ankersen Maria Felding henrik Wachmann Zsuzsanna végh Line Molzen Johan Burisch Jens Rikardt Andersen Pia Munkholm Department of Gastroenterology Slagelse Hospital Gastroenterology Unit North Zealand Hospital Department of Nutrition Exercise and SportsUniversity of Copenhagen Department of Statistics First Department of Medicine Semmelweis University

To investigate the effect of a low-FODMAP diet on irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)-like symptoms in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).METHODSThis was a randomised controlled open-label trial of patients with IBD in remission or with mild-to-moderate disease and coexisting IBS-like symptoms (Rome III) randomly assigned to a Low-FODMAP diet (LFD) or a normal diet (ND) for 6 wk between June 2012 and December 2013. Patients completed the IBS symptom severity system (IBS-SSS) and short IBD quality of life questionnaire (SIBDQ) at weeks 0 and 6. The primary end-point was response rates (at least 50-point reduction) in IBS-SSS at week 6 between groups; secondary end-point was the impact on quality of ***-nine patients, 67 (75%) women, median age 40, range 20-70 years were randomised: 44 to LFD group and 45 to ND, from which 78 patients completed the study period and were included in the final analysis (37 LFD and 41 ND). There was a significantly larger proportion of responders in the LFD group (n = 30, 81%) than in the ND group (n = 19, 46%); (OR = 5.30; 95%CI: 1.81-15.55, P ve study, a low-FODMAP diet reduced IBS-like symptoms and increased quality of life in patients with IBD in remission.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Web-based management Irritable bowel syndrome Low-FODMAP diet

Sequence-sorted redox-switchable hetero[3]rotaxanes

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Organic Chemistry Frontiers 2022年第1期9卷 64-74页

作者： Marius Gaedke henrik Hupatz Felix Witte Susanne M.Rupf Clara Douglas Hendrik v.Schröder Lukas Fischer Moritz Malischewski Beate Paulus Christoph A.Schalley Institut für Chemie und Biochemie der Freien Universität Berlin Arnimallee 2014195 BerlinGermany Institut für Chemie und Biochemie der Freien Universität Berlin Arnimallee 2214195 BerlinGermany Institut für Chemie und Biochemie der Freien Universität Berlin Fabeckstr.34/3614195 BerlinGermany

From a library of five crown ether macrocycles with different ring sizes and redox-active moieties,such as tetrathiafulvalene(TTF)and naphthalene dimiide(NDI),directional heterocircuit[3]rotaxanes were *** an axle with two binding sites with different steric accessibility,the concept of integrative self-sorting was applied to program the sequence of functional units in heteropseudo[3]*** on binding strength and ring size of the smaller macrocycles,different heteropseudo[3]rotaxane selectivities and stabilities were determined by 2D NMR spectroscopy and tandem mass spectrometry.A heteropseudo[3]rotaxane with rotaxane-like behaviour was isolated chromatographically,displaying electrochemically“frustrated”properties.A robust synthetic procedure was developed allowing the synthesis of four new hetero[3]rotaxanes incorporating specific sequences of functional *** pseudoisomeric rotaxanes which have the naphthalene diimide subunit at two different positions show distinct electrochemical *** calculations suggest that this differences could arise from a folding of the structure,in which the redox-active moieties stack with a stopper *** study presents a blueprint for the construction of hetero[3]rotaxanes with sequential control of the functional units along the track of the axle and paves the way to extend the functionality of mechanically interlocked molecules.

关键词： properties redox Sequence