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An executive review of sludge pretreatment by sonication

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2015年第11期27卷 139-153页

作者： Ngoc Tuan Le Carine Julcour-Lebigue henri Delmas University of Science Vietnam National University Université de Toulouse Laboratoire de Génie Chimique

Ultrasonication（US）, which creates hydro-mechanical shear forces in cavitation, is an advanced technology in sludge pretreatment. However, there are many factors affecting the efficacy of cavitation and ultrasonication disintegration of sludge as a *** objective of this work is to present an extensive review of evaluation approaches of sludge US pretreatment efficiency. Besides, optimization methodologies of related parameters,the differences of optimum values and the similarities of affecting trends on cavitation and sludge pretreatment efficiency were specifically pointed out, including ambient conditions,ultrasonic properties, and sludge characteristics. The research is a prerequisite for optimization of sludge US pretreatment efficiency in lab-scale and practical application. There is not-yet a comprehensive method to evaluate the efficiency of sludge US pretreatment, but some main parameters commonly used for this purpose are degree of sludge disintegration, proteins,particle size reduction, etc. Regarding US parameters, power input PUS, intensity IUS, and frequency FSseem to have significant effects. However, the magnitude of the effect of PUSand probe size in terms of IUShas not been clearly detailed. Investigating very low FSseems interesting but has not yet been taken into consideration. In addition, static pressure effect has been marginally studied only and investigation on the effect of pH prior to US process has been restricted. Their effects therefore should be varied separately and simultaneously with other related parameters, i.e. process conditions, ultrasonic properties, and sludge characteristics, to optimize sludge US pretreatment process.

关键词： Ultrasonic pretreatment Waste activated sludge Sludge disintegration Acoustic frequency Intensity effect Pressure effect

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A Markov chain model of mixing kinetics for ternary mixture of dissimilar particulate solids

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Particuology 2017年第2期15卷 80-86页

作者： Vadim Mizonov Ivan Balagurov henri Berthiaux Cendrine Gatumel Department of Applied Mathematics Ivanovo State Power Engineering University Russia Centre RAPSODEE UMR CNRS 5302 Ecole des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux Campus Jarlard Route de Teillet 81000 Alhi France

This paper presents a simple but informative mathematical model to describe the mixing of three dissimilar components of particulate solids that have the tendency to segregate within one another. A nonlinear Markov chain model is proposed to describe the process. At each time step, the exchange of particulate solids between the cells of the chain is divided into two virtual stages. The first is pure stochastic mixing accompanied by downward segregation. Upon the completion of this stage, some of the cells appear to be overfilled with the mixture, while others appear to have a void space. The second stage is related to upward segregation. Components from the overfilled cells fill the upper cells （those with the void space） according to the proposed algorithm. The degree of non-homogeneity in the mixture （the standard deviation） is calculated at each time step, which allows the mixing kinetics to be described. The optimum mixing time is found to provide the maximum homogeneity in the ternary mixture. However, this “common” time differs from the optimum mixing times for individual components. The model is verified using a lab-scale vibration vessel, and a reasonable correlation between the calculated and experimental data is obtained

关键词： Ternary mixture Segregation Mixing kinetics Markov chain Matrix of transition probabilities Optimum mixing time

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Exploring the Impact of Crisis and Trauma on the Mental Health and Psychological Well-Being of University Students in Northern Haiti

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International Journal of Mental Health Promotion 2023年第2期25卷 173-191页

作者： Michael Galvin Guesly Michel henri-Claude Saintelmond Carolyn Lesorogol Jean-François Trani Lora Iannotti Harvard University Cambridge02138USA Boston University Boston02215USA Centre de SantéMental de Morne Pelé Cap-Haïtien2697Haiti UniversitéPublique du Nord au Cap-Haïtien Cap-Haïtien2697Haiti Washington University in St.Louis St.Louis63130USA

In recent decades,Haiti has been subject to man-made and natural disasters that have left its citizens vulnerable to a range of *** a weak state unable to protect its populace,Haitians are exposed to some of the highest levels of poverty and violence in the Western *** recent years,Haitians have experienced two crises that this study analyzes:the instability and political violence of“peyi lòk”as well as the global pandemic of *** community-based assessment explores the impact of these two crises on the mental health and psychological well-being of 38 Haitian university students in the understudied northern part of the *** indicate that both crises had similarities related to their psychological effects on young people,most notably in terms of traumatic experiences related to threats or violence,forced confinement,and large increases in population-wide ***,the extreme violence of“peyi lòk”and the widespread unpredictability of COVID-19 and its effects in the early days of the pandemic resulted in high levels of stress and *** crises also resulted in extreme economic hardship for students,with many reporting difficulties accessing basic needs such as food and *** study highlights how converging population-level crises in“complex emergencies”can heighten trauma and compromise mental health.

关键词： Haiti crisis mental health psychological well-being coronavirus COVID-19

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Lower esophageal sphincter relaxation is impaired in older patients with dysphagia

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第10期17卷 1326-1331页

作者： Laura K Besanko Carly M Burgstad reme Mountifi eld Jane M Andrews Richard Heddle Helen Checklin Robert JL Fraser Investigation and Procedures Unit Repatriation General Hospital Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Royal Adelaide Hospital Discipline of Medicine University of Adelaide Adelaide 5000 South Australia Australia Department of Medicine Flinders University of South Australia Bedford Park 5042 South Australia Australia

AIM: To characterize the effects of age on the mechanisms underlying the common condition of esophageal dysphagia in older patients, using detailed manometric analysis. METHODS: A retrospective case-control audit was performed on 19 patients aged ≥ 80 years (mean age 85 ± 0.7 year) who underwent a manometric study for dysphagia (2004-2009). Data were compared with 19 younger dysphagic patients (32 ± 1.7 years). Detailed manometric analysis performed prospectively included basal lower esophageal sphincter pressure (BLESP), pre-swallow and nadir LESP, esophageal body pressures and peristaltic duration, during water swallows (5 mL) in right lateral (RL) and upright (UR) postures and with solids. Data are mean ± SE; a P-value < 0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS: Elderly dysphagic patients had higher BLESP than younger patients (23.4 ± 3.8 vs 14.9 ± 1.2 mmHg; P < 0.05). Pre-swallow LESP was elevated in the elderly in both postures (RL: 1 and 4 s P = 0.019 and P = 0.05; UR: P < 0.05 and P = 0.05) and solids (P < 0.01). In older patients, LES nadir pressure was higher with liquids (RL: 2.3 ± 0.6 mmHg vs 0.7 ± 0.6 mmHg, P < 0.05; UR: 3.5 ± 0.9 mmHg vs 1.6 ± 0.5 mmHg, P = 0.01) with shorter relaxation after solids (7.9 ± 1.5 s vs 9.7 ± 0.4 s, P = 0.05). No age-related differences were seen in esophageal body pressures or peristalsis duration. CONCLUSION: Basal LES pressure is elevated and swallow-induced relaxation impaired in elderly dysphagic patients. Its contribution to dysphagia and the effects of healthy ageing require further investigation.

关键词：中老年人食管癌括约肌患者吞咽松弛毫米汞柱压力升高

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降钙素基因相关肽和BIBN4096BS对麻醉大鼠心肌缺血的作用<英文>

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Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2001年第7期22卷 14-20页

作者： Dong-Mei WU,Pieter A van ZWIETEN,henri N DOODS Cardiovascular Research Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma KG Birkendorfer Str 65 D-88397 Biberach Germany Department of Pharmacotherapy Academic Medical Centre University of Amsterdam Meibergdreef 15 1105 AZ Amsterdam The Netherlands Cardiovascular Research Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma KG Birkendorfer Str 65 D-88397 Biberach Germany

INTRODUCTION Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) is a 37amino acid peptide that is predominantly synthesized andstored in sensory neurons. It can be released from boththe central and peripheral axons of these ***-containing nerve fibers have been identifiedthroughout the cardiovascular system, in association withblood vessels, in particular the coronary arteries, andaround the sinoatrial and atrioventricular *** is a potent vasodilator peptide and it exerts positivechronotropic and inotropic effects in rats and hu-mans. It has been shown to exert extremely potent

关键词：降钙素基因相关肽 BIBN4096BS 心肌梗死再灌注损伤

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Modeling chemical releases from building materials: The search for extended validity domain and parsimony

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Building Simulation 2021年第4期14卷 1277-1293页

作者： Lei Huang Alice Micolier henri P.Gavin Olivier Jolliet Department of Environmental Health Sciences School of Public HealthUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA I2M CNRSUMR 5295351 Cours de la LibérationUniversity of Bordeaux33400TalenceFrance Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Duke UniversityDurhanNCUSA

This study aims to systematically evaluate and extend the validity domains of multiple mechanistic models of chemical emissions from building materials. We compare the validity domain of the analytical solution with four numerical solutions for a single layer material with one convective surface and a wide range of chemical properties, material thicknesses, and simulation time. We also develop a parsimonious simplified model, ensuring the widest possible validity domain with minimum simulation time. For diffusion coefficients lower than 10−15 m^(2)/s, accuracy of the analytical solution requires at least 5000 positive roots. The numerical method using uneven discretization and finite difference approximation for the boundary conditions is the best numerical solution. The parsimonious combined D- and K-limited model achieves similar accuracy as the best numerical solution except slight overestimates at the interface between the D- and K-limited zones, while having simpler computations and much shorter simulation time. These models show good agreement against experimental data. This study demonstrates that the complex analytical solution can be well approximated by a simpler model with a wide validity domain, enabling the high-throughput screenings of a large number of chemical-product combinations.

关键词： emission models building materials organic chemicals analytical solution numerical and simplified solutions high-throughput assessment

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UNE LIAISON ENTRE UNE INEGALITE LOGARITHMIQUE DE WEISSLER SUR LE CERCLE ET UNE QUESTION D'EXTREMUM DANS LE PROBLEME DES MOMENTS DE STIELTJES

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Acta Mathematica Scientia 1985年第2期5卷 203-217页

作者： henri Buchwalter,陈殿杰 l'UniversitéLyon 1 France

On donne ici une amélioration légère d'une inégalité de Weissler sur le cercle, obtenue en posant et résolvant un problème génèral d'extrmum portant sur des moments de Stieltjes.

关键词： UNE LIAISON ENTRE UNE INEGALITE LOGARITHMIQUE DE WEISSLER SUR LE CERCLE ET UNE QUESTION D’EXTREMUM DANS LE PROBLEME DES MOMENTS DE STIELTJES La 色日 DE

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MHD and kinetic analysis of flow bursts in the Earth's plasma sheet

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2014年第1期57卷 55-66页

作者： MA YuDuan CAO JinBin FU HuiShan reme H. DANDOURAS I. YANG JunYing WANG ZhiQiang TAO Dan YANG Jian School of Astronautics Beihang University SOA Key Laboratory for Polar Science Polar Research Institute of China University of Toulouse UPS-OMP IRAP Toulouse 31028 France The French National Centre for Scientific Research The Research Institute in Astrophysics and Planetology BP 44346F-31028 Toulouse cedex 4 France Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics

In an attempt to study the flow bursts in the Earth’s plasma sheet we select an event that took place on August 7,2004 in the expansion phase of a substorm,using data from the geomagnetic index,solar wind data,plasma and magnetic field observations from C1 Cluster satellite(the Cluster mission has 4 satellites)and from Double Star TC-1 *** MHD approach,TC-1 firstly observed the tailward flow,then the earthward,and finally the flow alternated in two directions.C1 firstly observed the earthward plasma flow,and then the tailward plasma *** flow bursts are observed by TC-1 and C1,there are disturbances in local entropy with their tailward local entropy larger than those of the *** kinetic features of the plasma flow observed by C1 are similar to those in ***,kinetic characteristics of the plasma flow observed by TC-1 are far more than the description in *** inadequacy mainly exists in two cases:(i)the firstly enhanced tailward flows given in MHD are found without significant increase of the energetic tailward flux;(ii)the almost stagnant flow in MHD is composed of the enhanced energetic ion flux in both earthward and tailward *** earthward flow burst observed by TC-1 might be multiple overshoots and *** earthward flow burst observed by C1 might be simply rebounded in the *** pulsation observed by C1 is earlier than that observed by TC-1 with the former intensity less than that of the *** the energetic ion flux in the tailward direction is significantly enhanced,the power spectrum intensity of the ULF wave commences to increase obviously,which may suggest that the stream instability is closely correlated with ULF pulsations.

关键词：等离子体片磁流体出流量动力学分析地球爆发 TC-1卫星等离子体流

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CRISPR/Cas9-Targeted Knockout of Rice Susceptibility Genes OsDjA2 and OsERF104 Reveals Alternative Sources of Resistance to Pyricularia oryzae

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Rice science 2022年第6期29卷 535-544,I0023-I0030页

作者： Fabiano T.P.KTÁVORA Anne Cécile MEUNIER Aurore VERNET Murielle PORTEFAIX Joëlle MILAZZO henri ADREIT Didier THARREAU Octávio LFRANCO Angela MEHTA Department of Genetics and Biotechnology Federal University of Juiz de ForaJuiz de Fora-MG 36036330Brazil Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology Brasília-DF 70770-917Brazil Genetic Improvement and Adaptation of Mediterranean and Tropical Plants Agricultural Research Center for International Development(CIRAD)Montpellier 34398 CEDEX 5France CIRAD-INRAe-Agro Institute University of MontpellierMontpellier 34000France Plant Health Institute of Montpellier CIRADMontpellier 34398France University of Montpellier National Institute of Agronomic ResearchResearch Institute for DevelopmentMontpellier SupAgroMontpellier 34398France Department of Genomics Science and Biotechnology Proteomics Analysis CenterCatholic University of BrasíliaBrasília-DF 71966-900Brazil S-Inova Biotech Catholic University of Dom BoscoCampo Grande-MS 79117-900Brazil

Rice genes OsDjA2 and OsERF104,encoding a chaperone protein and an APETELA2/ethylene-responsive factor,respectively,are strongly induced in a compatible interaction with blast fungus,and also have function in plant susceptibility validated through gene ***,we reported the CRISPR/Cas9 knockout of OsDjA2 and OsERF104 genes resulting in considerable improvement of blast resistance.A total of 15 OsDjA2(62.5%)and 17 OsERF104(70.8%)T_(0)transformed lines were identified from 24 regenerated plants for each target and used in downstream *** of homozygous T1 mutant lines revealed not only a significant decrease in the number of blast lesions but also a reduction in the percentage of diseased leaf area,compared with the infected control *** results supported CRISPR/Cas9-mediated target mutation in rice susceptibility genes as a potential and alternative breeding strategy for building resistance to blast disease.

关键词： gene editing plant-pathogen interaction Magnaporthe pathosystem plant immunity blast resistance S-gene rice

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Silver flr tree-ring fluctuations decrease from north to south latitude—total solar irradiance and NAO are indicated as the main influencing factors

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Forest Ecosystems 2023年第6期 717-731页

作者： Václav ?im?nek Anna Prok?pková Zdeněk Vacek Stanislav Vacek Jan Cukor Jirí reme? Vojtěch Hájek Giuseppe D'Andrea Martin ?álek Paola Nola Osvaldo Pericolo ?árka Holzbachová Francesco Ripullone Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences Czech University of Life Sciences Prague Forestry and Game Management Research Institute 3. Czech Academy of Sciences Institute of Vertebrate Biology Faculty of Environmental Sciences Czech University of Life Sciences Prague Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences University of Pavia Forests of the Czech Republic SOE School of Agricultural Forestry and Environmental Sciences University of Basilicata

Silver flr(Abies alba Mill.) is a flexible European tree species, mainly vegetating within the mountainous regions of Europe, but its growth responses across its latitudinal and longitudinal range have not yet been satisfactorily verifled under changing environmental conditions. This study describes the tree-ring increment of silver flr in research plots across a latitudinal gradient from the northern range in Czechia(CZ), through Croatia(HR) to the southernmost range in Italy(IT). The research aims to analyze in detail the dynamics and cyclicity of the ringwidth index(RWI) and how it relates to climatic factors(temperature and precipitation), the North Atlantic Oscillation(NAO), and total solar irradiance(TSI), including the determination of latitude. The results show that the main drivers affecting flr growth are the seasonal NAO index and TSI. Monthly temperatures affect RWI early in the vegetation season, while lack of precipitation during the summer is a limiting factor for flr growth,especially in July. Seasonal temperatures and temperatures in June and July negatively impact, while seasonal precipitation totals in the same months positively influence the RWI in all research plots across meridian. The longest growth cycles in flr RWI were recorded in the northernmost studied plots in CZ. These cyclical fluctuations recede approaching the south. The cyclic increase in RWI is related to the TSI, which decreases its effect from north to south. The TSI?s effects vary, positively impacting CZ but negatively influencing HR while remaining relatively neutral in IT. On the other hand, seasonal NAO tends to negatively affect silver flr growth in HR and CZ but has a mildly positive effect in IT. In conclusion, the TSI and the influence of the seasonal NAO index are prevalent in the flr RWI and are accompanied by a greater cyclicity of RWI in Central Europe(temperature optimum) than in the Italian Mediterranean region, where this tree species is limited by climatic condi

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