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Significant pr.gr.ss in solution of nonlinear.equations at d.splacem.nt of str.ctur. and.heat tr.nsfer.extend.d.sur.ace by new AGm.appr.ach

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Fr.ntier. of m.chanical Engineer.ng 2014年第4期9卷 390-401页

作者： m. r. AKBAr. d. d. GANJI m. NIm.FAr.A. r. AHm.d. d.par.m.nt of Civil Engineer.ng University of Tehran Tehran 47618-18853 Iran d.par.m.nt of m.chanical Engineer.ng Babol University of Technology Babol Iran d.par.m.nt of m.chanical Engineer.ng Sari Branch Islamic AzadUniversity Sari 48148-83494 Iran

In this paper. we aim.to pr.m.te the capability of solving two com.licated.nonlinear.d.ffer.ntial equa- tions： 1） Static analysis of the str.ctur. with var.able cr.ss section ar.as and.m.ter.als with slope-d.flection m.thod. 2） the pr.blem.of one d.m.nsional heat tr.nsfer.with a logar.thm.c var.ous sur.ace A （x） and.a logar.thm.c var.ous heat gener.tion G（x） with a sim.le and.innovative appr.ach entitled.＂Akbar.-Ganji＇s m.thod. （AGm.. Com.ar.sons ar. m.d. between AGm.and.num.r.cal m.thod. the r.sults of which r.veal that this m.thod.is ver. effective and.sim.le and.can be applied.for.other.nonlinear.pr.blem.. It is significant that ther. ar. som. valuable ad.antages in this m.thod.and.also m.st of the d.ffer.ntial equations sets can be answer.d.in this m.nner.while in other.m.thod. ther. is no guar.ntee to obtain the good.r.sults up to now. Br.ef excellences of this m.thod.com.ar.d.to other.appr.aches ar. as follows： 1） d.ffer.ntial equations can be solved.d.r.ctly by this m.thod. 2） without any d.m.nsionless pr.ced.r., equation（s） can be solved. 3） it is not necessar. to conver. var.ables into new ones. Accor.ing to the afor.m.ntioned.asser.ions which ar. pr.ved.in this case stud., the pr.cess of solving nonlinear.equation（s） is ver. easy and.convenient in com.ar.son to other.m.thod..

关键词： AGm extend.d.sur.ace heat tr.nsfer sloped.flection m.thod

Scr.tiny of non-linear.d.ffer.ntial equations Euler.Ber.oulli beam.with lar.e r.tational d.viation by AGm

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Fr.ntier. of m.chanical Engineer.ng 2014年第4期9卷 402-408页

作者： m. r. AKBAr. m. NIm.FAr.d. d. GANJI m. m. AKBAr.Ad. d.par.m.nt of Civil Engineer.ng and.Chem.cal Engineer.ng Universityof Tehran Tehran lran d.par.m.nt of m.chanical and.Aer.space Engineer.ng Politecnico diTorino Turin 24-10129 Italy d.par.m.nt of m.chanical Engineer.ng Babol University of Technology Babol Iran d.par.m.nt of m.chanical Engineer.ng Sari Branch Islamic AzadUniversity Sari Iran

The kinem.tic assum.tions upon which the Euler.Ber.oulli beam.theor. is found.d.allow it to be extend.d.to m.r. ad.anced.analysis. Sim.le super.osition allows for.thr.e-d.m.nsional tr.nsver.e load.ng. Using alter.ative constitutive equations can allow for.viscoelastic or.plastic beam.d.for.ation. Euler.Ber.oulli beam.theor. can also be extend.d.to the analysis of cur.ed.beam., beam.buckling, com.osite beam. and.geom.tr.cally nonlinear.beam.d.flection. In this stud., solving the nonlinear.d.ffer.ntial equation gover.ing the calculation of the lar.e r.tation d.viation of the beam.（or.colum.） has been d.scussed. Pr.viously to calculate the r.tational d.viation of the beam. the assum.tion is m.d. that the angular.d.viation of the beam.is sm.ll. By consid.r.ng the sm.ll slope in the linear.zation of the gover.ing d.ffer.ntial equation, the solving is easy. The r.sult of this sim.lifica- tion in som. cases will lead.to an excessive er.or. In this paper.nonlinear.d.ffer.ntial equations gover.ing on this system.ar. solved.analytically by Akbar.-Ganji＇s m.thod.（AGm.. m.r.over. in AGm.by solving a set of algebr.ic equations, com.licated.nonlinear.equations can easily be solved.and.without any m.them.tical oper.tions such as integr.tion solving. The solution of the pr.blem.can be obtained.ver. sim.ly and.easily. Fur.her.or., to enhance the accur.cy of the r.sults, the Taylor.expansion is notneed.d.in m.st cases via AGm.m.nner. Also, com.ar.sons ar. m.d. between AGm.and.num.r.cal m.thod.（r.nge- Kutta 4th）. The r.sults r.veal that this m.thod.is ver. effective and.sim.le, and.can be applied.for.other.nonlinear.pr.blem..

关键词： AGm cr.tical load.of colum.s lar.e d.for.ations of beam nonlinear.d.ffer.ntial equation

Char.cter.zation of Gibber.llin r.ceptor.m.tants of Bar.ey （Hor.eum.vulgar. L.）

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m.lecular.Plant 2008年第2期1卷 285-294页

作者： Peter.m. Chand.er.Car.l A. Har.ing Anthony r. Ashton mark d. m.lcair.Nicholas E. d.xonb Lewis N. m.nd.r. CSIr. Plant Ind.str. GPO Box 1600 Canberra ACT 2601 Australia r.sear.h School of Chem.str. Australian National University Canberra ACT 0200 Australia

The sequence of Gid. （a gene for.a gibber.llin （GA） r.ceptor.fr.m.r.ce） was used.to id.ntify a putative or.hologue fr.m.bar.ey. This was expr.ssed.in E. coil, and.pr.d.ced.a pr.tein that was able to bind.GA in vitr. with both str.ctur.l specificity and.satur.bility. Its potential r.le in GA r.sponses was investigated.using bar.ey m.tants with r.d.ced.GA sensitivity （gsel m.tants）. Sixteen d.ffer.nt gsel m.tants each car.ied.a unique nucleotid. substitution in this sequence. In all but one case, these changes r.sulted.in single am.no acid.substitutions, and. for.the r.m.ining m.tant, a substitution in the 5＇ untr.nslated.r.gion of the m.1}A is pr.posed.to inter.er. with tr.nslation initiation. Ther. was per.ect linkage in segr.gating populations between new m.tant alleles and.the gsel phenotype, lead.ng to the conclusion that the putative GId. GA r.ceptor.sequence in bar.ey cor.espond. to the Gsel locus. d.ter.ination of end.genous GA contents in one of the m.tants r.vealed.enhanced.accum.lation of bioactive GA1, and.a d.ficit of C20 GA pr.cur.or.. All of the gsel m.tants had.r.d.ced.sensitivity to exogenous GA3, and.to AC94377 （a GA analogue） at concentr.tions that ar. nor.ally ＇satur.ting＇, but, at m.ch higher.concentr.tions, ther. was often a consid.r.ble r.sponse. The com.ar.son between bar.ey and.r.ce m.tants r.veals inter.sting d.ffer.nces between these two cer.al species in GA hor.onal physiology.

关键词： .r.ceptor.m.tants Bar.ey Hor.eum GA r.ceptor bar.ey m.tants d.ffer.nt gse

Solving nonlinear.d.ffer.ntial equations of Vand.r.ol, r.yleigh and.d.ffing by AGm

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Fr.ntier. of m.chanical Engineer.ng 2014年第2期9卷 177-190页

作者： m. r. AKBAr. d. d. GANJI A. m.JId.AN A. r. AHm.d. d.par.m.nt of Civil Engineer.ng and.Chem.cal Engineer.ng University of Tehran Yehran Iran d.par.m.nt of m.chanical Engineer.ng Babol University of Technology Babol Iran d.par.m.nt of m.chanical Engineer.ng Sari Branch Islamic Azad University Sari Iran

In the pr.sent paper. thr.e com.licated.non- linear.d.ffer.ntial equations in the field.of vibr.tion, which ar. Vand.r.ol, r.yleigh and.d.ffing equations, have been analyzed.and.solved.com.letely by Algebr.ic m.thod.（AGm.. Investigating this kind.of equations is a ver. har. task to d. and.the obtained.solution is not accur.te and.r.liable. This issue will be em.r.ed.after.com.ar.ng the achieved.solutions by num.r.cal m.thod.（r.nge-Kutte 4th）. Based.on the com.ar.sons which have been m.d. between the gained.solutions by AGm.and.num.r.cal m.thod. it is possible to ind.cate that AGm.can be successfully applied.for.var.ous d.ffer.ntial equations par.icular.y for.d.fficult ones. The r.sults r.veal that this m.thod.is not only ver. effective and.sim.le, but also r.liable, and.can be applied.for.other.com.licated.nonlinear.pr.blem..

关键词： Algebr.ic m.thod.(AGm. Angular.Fr.quency Vand.r.ol r.yleigh d.ffing

A Footpr.nt of Plant d.siccation Toler.nce. d.es It Exist？

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m.lecular.Plant 2018年第8期11卷 1003-1005页

作者： henk W.m. Hilhor.t m.r.a-Cecilia d. Costa Jill m. Far.ant Labor.tor. of Plant Physiology Wageningen University and Research Droevendaalsesteeg 1 Wageningen 6708 PB the Netherlands d.par.m.nt of m.lecular.and.Cell Biology University of Cape Town Private Bag Rondebosch Cape Town 7701 South Africa

d.siccation toler.nce （d.）, the ability to sur.ive loss of m.r. than 90% of cellular.water.（≤0.1 g H2O g^-1 d.0} m.ss） for.pr.longed.per.od., is com.on in seed. （90% of angiosper. species） but r.r. in vegetative tissues （0.04% of land.plants; r.viewed.in Gaff and.Oliver. 2013）. Vegetative d. is m.r. wid.spr.ad.in non-tr.cheophytes, being pr.sent in 25 species of algae, 158 br.ophytes species, and.all lichens, but is r.r. in tr.cheophytes, being d.splayed.in 64 pter.d.phyte and.135 angiosper. species （Gaff and.Oliver. 2013）.

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Can Quick r.lease Exper.m.nts r.veal the m.scle Str.ctur.？ A Bionic Appr.ach

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Jour.al of Bionic Engineer.ng 2012年第2期9卷 211-223页

作者： d. F. B. Haeufle m. Gunther.r. Blickhan S. Schm.tt Institute of Spor.s and.Exer.ise-Science University of Stuttgart Allmandring 28 D-70569 Stuttgart Germany Stuttgar. r.sear.h Centr. for.Sim.lation Technology （Sr. Sim.ech） University of Stuttgart Pfaffenwaldring 7a D-70569 Stuttgart Germany Institute of m.tion Science Friedrich-Schiller-University Seidelstraβe 20 D-07749 Jena Germany

The goal of this stud. was to und.r.tand.the m.cr.scopic m.chanical str.ctur. and.function of biological m.scle with r.spect to its d.nam.c r.le in the contr.ction. A r.cently published.m.scle m.d.l, d.r.ving the hyper.olic for.e-velocity r.lation fr.m.fir.t-or.er.m.chanical pr.nciples, pr.d.cts d.ffer.nt for.e-velocity oper.ting points for.d.ffer.nt load.situations. With a new appr.ach, this m.d.l could.be sim.lified.and.thus, tr.nsfer.ed.into a num.r.cal sim.lation and.a har.war. exper.m.nt. Two types of quick r.lease exper.m.nts wer. per.or.ed.in sim.lation and.with the har.war. setup, which r.pr.sent two extr.m. cases of the contr.ction d.nam.cs： against a constant for.e （isotonic） and.against an iner.ial m.ss. Both exper.m.nts r.vealed.hyper.olic or.hyper.olic-like for.e-velocity r.lations. Inter.stingly, the analytical m.d.l not only pr.d.cts these extr.m. cases, but also ad.itionally all contr.ction states in between. It was possible to valid.te these pr.d.ctions with the num.r.cal m.d.l and.the har.war. exper.m.nt. These r.sults pr.ve that the or.gin of the hyper.olic for.e-velocity r.lation can be m.chanically explained.on a m.cr.scopic level by the d.nam.cal inter.ction of thr.e m.chanical elem.nts. The im.lications for.the inter.r.tation of biological m.scle exper.m.nts and.the r.alization of m.scle-like bionic actuator. ar. d.scussed.

关键词： for.e-velocity r.lation isotonic quick r.lease pr.of of concept ar.ificial m.scle

Heter.geneity of m.tur. oligod.nd.0}cytes in the centr.l ner.ous system

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Neur.l r.gener.tion r.sear.h 2025年第5期20卷 1336-1349页

作者： Chao Weng Ad.m.m.r.Gr.h m.ein Yaqubi Qiao-Ling Cui Jo Anne Str.tton G.r.Wayne m.or. Jack P.Antel Neur.im.unology Unit Montreal Neurological Institute-HospitalDepartment of Neurology and NeurosurgeryMcGill UniversityMontrealQCCanada d.par.m.nt of Neur.logy Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubei ProvinceChina

m.tur. oligod.nd.0}cytes for. m.elin sheaths that ar. cr.cial for.the insulation of axons and.efficient signal tr.nsm.ssion in the centr.l ner.ous *** evid.nce has challenged.the classical view of the functionally static m.tur. oligod.nd.0}cyte and.r.vealed.a gam.t of d.nam.c functions such as the ability to m.d.late neur.nal cir.uitr. and.pr.vid. m.tabolic suppor. to *** the r.cognition of potential heter.geneity in m.tur. oligod.nd.0}cyte function,a com.r.hensive sum.ar. of m.tur. oligod.nd.0}cyte d.ver.ity is *** d.lve into ear.y 20th-centur. stud.es by r.ber.son and.r.o-Hor.ega that laid.the found.tion for.the m.d.r. id.ntification of r.gional and.m.r.hological heter.geneity in m.tur. ***,r.cent m.r.hologic and.functional stud.es call into question the long-assum.d.hom.geneity of m.tur. oligod.nd.0}cyte function thr.ugh the id.ntification of d.stinct subtypes with var.ing m.elination ***,m.d.r. m.lecular.investigations,em.loying techniques such as single cell/nucleus r.A sequencing,consistently unveil at least six m.tur. oligod.nd.0}cyte subpopulations in the hum.n centr.l ner.ous system.that ar. highly tr.nscr.ptom.cally d.ver.e and.var. with centr.l ner.ous system.*** and.d.sease r.lated.m.tur. oligod.nd.0}cyte var.ation d.notes the im.act of pathological cond.tions such as m.ltiple scler.sis,Alzheim.r.s d.sease,and.psychiatr.c ***,caution is war.anted.when subclassifying m.tur. oligod.nd.0}cytes because of the sim.lification need.d.to m.ke conclusions about cell id.ntity fr.m.tem.or.lly confined.*** stud.es lever.ging ad.anced.techniques like spatial tr.nscr.ptom.cs and.single-cell pr.teom.cs pr.m.se a m.r. nuanced.und.r.tand.ng of m.tur. oligod.nd.0}cyte *** r.sear.h avenues that pr.cisely evaluate m.tur. oligod.nd.0}cyte heter.geneity with car. to und.r.tand.the m.tigating influence of species,sex,centr.l ner.ous system.r.gion,age,and.d.sease,

关键词： aging centr.l ner.ous system.d.seases electr.n m.cr.scopy heter.geneity im.unohistochem.str. m.elin sheath natur.l histor. neur.glia oligod.nd.0}glia single-cell gene expr.ssion analysis

Br.ad.and.Vibr.tional Cooling of Cold.Cesium.m.lecules： Theor. and.Exper.m.nts

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Chinese Jour.al of Chem.cal Physics 2009年第2期22卷 149-156页

作者： d. Sofikitis A. Fior.tti S. Weber.m. Viteau A. Chotia r. Hor.hani m. Allegr.ni B. Chatel d. Com.ar.t P. Pillet Labor.toir. Aim. Cotton CNRS Université Paris-Sud Bat. 505 91405 Orsay France Labor.toir. Collisions Agrégats Réactivité (UMR 5589 CNRS-Université Paul Sabatier Toulouse 3) IRSAMC Toulouse France CNISm Dipartimento di Fisica Universita di Pisa Largo Pontecorvo 356127 PISA Italy

The use of a br.ad.and. fr.quency shaped.fem.osecond.laser.on tr.nslationally cold.cesium.m.lecules has r.cently d.m.nstr.ted.to be a ver. efficient m.thod.of cooling also the vibr.tional d.gr.e of fr.ed.m. A sam.le of cold.m.lecules, initially d.str.buted.over.sever.l vibr.tional levels, has thus been tr.nsfer.d.into a single selected.vibr.tional level of the singlet X^1∑g gr.und.electr.nic state. Our.m.thod.is based.on r.peated.optical pum.ing by laser.light with a spectr.m.br.ad.enough to excite all populated.vibr.tional levels but lim.ted.in its fr.quency band.id.h with a spatial light m.d.lator. In such a way we ar. able to elim.nate tr.nsitions fr.m.the selected.level, in which m.lecules accum.late. In this paper.we br.efly r.por. the m.in exper.m.ntal r.sults and.then ad.r.ss, in a d.tailed.way by com.uter.sim.lations, the per.pectives for.a ＂com.lete＂ cooling of the m.lecules, includ.ng also the r.tational d.gr.e of fr.ed.m. Since the pum.ing pr.cess str.ngly d.pend. on the r.lative shape of the gr.und.and.excited.potential cur.es, r.-vibr.tional cooling thr.ugh d.ffer.nt excited.states is theor.tically com.ar.d.

关键词： Cold.m.lecule Optical pum.ing Pulse .shaping Ultr.shor. pulse Laser.cooling

Ener.y Gap and.Electr.n Effective m.ss in Chlor.ne Halid. Super.ond.ctor.at High Pr.ssur.

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Chinese Physics Letter. 2014年第11期31卷 140-143页

作者： r. Szczesiak d. Szczesiak Institute of Physics Czestochowa University of Technology A1. Armii Krajowej 19 Czestochowa 42-200 Poland Institute of Physics Jan Dtugosz University in Czestochowa AI. Armii Krajowej 13/15 Czestochowa 42-200 Poland

d.pend.nces of the or.er.par.m.ter.（ A ） and.the electr.n effective m.ss （m.^＊） on the tem.er.tur. for.the chlor.ne halid. super.ond.ctor.ar. d.ter.ined.in the pr.sent wor.. The high values of the pr.ssur. （p1 = 320 GPa and.2 = 360 GPa）, for.which the cr.tical tem.er.tur. is equal to [Tc]m.= 30.6 K and.[Tc]p2 = 41.5 K, ar. taken into consid.r.tion. It is found.that the d.pend.nce of the or.er.par.m.ter.on the tem.er.tur. d.viates fr.m.the pr.d.ctions of the classical Bar.een-Cooper.Schr.effer.theor., d.e to the existence of the significant str.ng- coupling and.r.tar.ation effects. The values of the or.er.par.m.ter. for.the tem.er.tur. close to zer. Kelvin, ar. equal to [A（0）]p1 = 4.89 m.V and.[A（0）]p2 = 6.82 m.V. The obtained.r.sults allowed.next to calculate the d.m.nsionless r.tio r. = 2A（O）/kBTc, which is equal to 3.71 and.3.81 in r.spect to pl and.p2. In the last step, it is pr.ven that the electr.n effective m.ss is weakly d.pend.nt on the tem.er.tur. in the ar.a of the existence of the super.ond.cting state and.r.aches its m.xim.m.at the cr.tical tem.er.tur.. For.the consid.r.d.values of the m.x ＊ m.x pr.ssur., we obtain [m.^＊]pl^m.x = 1.69m. and.[m.^＊]p2^m.x =1.78m., wher. the sym.ol m. d.notes the electr.n band.m.ss.

关键词： ENEr.Y gaps (Physics) CHLOr.NE halid.s SUPEr.ONd.CTOr. BCS theor. (Super.ond.ctivity) EFFECTIVE m.ss (Physics)