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Cereal type and combined xylanase/glucanase supplementation influence the cecal microbiota composition in broilers

Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2022年第5期13卷 1531-1542页

作者： Dimitrios Kouzounis Jannigje G.Kers Natalia Soares Hauke Smidt Mirjam A.Kabel henk a.schols Laboratory of Food Chemistry Wageningen University&Research6708 WG WageningenThe Netherlands Laboratory of Microbiology Wageningen University&Research6708 WE WageningenThe Netherlands Huvepharma NV 2600 BerchemBelgium

Dietary fiber-degrading enzyme supplementation in broilers aims at off-setting the anti-nutritive effect of non-starch polysaccharides and at promoting broiler ***,we demonstrated that xylanase/glucanase addition in wheat-based diet improved nutrient digestibility,arabinoxylan fermentability and broiler ***,maize arabinoxylan was found to be recalcitrant to xylanase *** findings suggested that enzyme-mediated improvement of nutrient digestion and carbohydrate fermentation depended on the cereal type present in the diet,and may have contributed to broiler ***,we aimed at further investigating the link between dietary enzymes and carbohydrate fermentation in broilers,by studying the impact of enzyme supplementation in cereal-based diets,to the microbial communities in the ileum and ceca of *** that purpose,96 one-day-old male broilers were randomly reared in two pens and received either wheat-based or maize-based starter and grower *** d 20,the broilers were randomly assigned to one out of four dietary *** broilers received for 8 d the wheat-based or maize-based finisher diet as such(Control treatments;WC,MC)or supplemented with a xylanase/glucanase combination(Enzyme treatments;WE,ME).At d 28,samples from the digestive tract were collected,and the ileal and cecal microbiota composition was determined by 16S ribosomal RNA gene amplicon sequencing.A similar phylogenetic(alpha)diversity was observed among the four treatments,both in the ileal and the cecal ***,a similar microbial composition in the ileum(beta diversity)was observed,with lactobacilli being the predominant community for all *** contrast,both cereal type and enzyme supplementation were found to influence cecal *** type of cereal(i.e.,wheat or maize)explained 47% of the total variation in microbial composition in the *** stratifying the analysis per cereal type revealed differences in microbio

关键词： Arabinoxylo-oligosaccharides Broiler gut microbiota Cereal non-starch polysaccharides Feed enzymes Fiber fermentation Prebiotics 16S rRNA

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Amylopectin structure and crystallinity explains variation in digestion kinetics of starches across botanic sources in an in vitro pig model

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2019年第1期10卷 115-127页

作者： Bianca M.J.Martens Walter J.J.Gerrits Erik M.A.M.Bruininx henk a.schols Laboratory of Food Chemistry Wageningen University and Research Animal Nutrition Group Wageningen University and Research Royal Agrifirm Group Agrifirm North West Europe

Background: Starch is the main source of energy in commonly used pig *** effects related to the extent of starch digestion,also several effects related to variation in digestion rate have recently been demonstrated in *** rates of starch digestion in animals and in in vitro models have been reported,depending on the botanic origin of *** from different botanic sources differ widely in structural and molecular *** the effect of starch properties on in vitro digestion kinetics based on existing literature is hampered by incomplete characterization of the starches,or by a selective choice of starches from a limited number of botanic *** research aimed to analyse the relationships between starch properties and in vitro digestion kinetics of pure starches isolated from a broad range of botanic origins,which are used in non-ruminant diets or have a potential to be used in the *** we studied starch digestion kinetics of potato,pea,corn,rice,barley,and wheat starches,and analysed the granule diameter,number of pores,type and amount of crystalline structure,amylose content and amylopectin side-chain length of all ***: Multivariate analysis revealed strong correlations among starch properties,leading us to conclude that effects of most starch characteristics are strongly *** all analysed botanic sources,crystalline type and amylopectin chain length showed the strongest correlation with in vitro digestion *** percentages of A–type crystalline structure and amylopectin side chains of DP 6–24 both increased the rate of *** addition,within,but not across,(clusters of) botanic sources,a decrease in amylose content and increase in number of pores correlated positively with digestion ***: The type of crystalline structure and amylopectin chain length distribution of starch correlate significantly with digestion kinetics of starches ac

关键词： Amylopectin side chain distribution Amylose Granule diameter In vitro digestion kinetics Pores

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对经过化学或酶处理法沤制的或未沤制的亚麻纤维的分析

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上海毛麻科技 2009年第3期 36-43页

作者： Caitriona Mooney Trinette Stolle-Smits henk schols Ed de Jong 任恕刘德钧荷兰Wagening大学及研究中心农业生物研究中心哈尔滨纺织科学研究所哈尔滨150070

对经过化学或酶处理的亚麻纤维的分析,主要是确定它在沤制过程中所带来的组成变化,以及确定在酶处理时纤维聚合物的变化。采用1%的草酸铵,0.05M的KOH,1M的KOH,及4M的KOH,对已沤制或未沤制的纤维进行一系列的化学分析。沤制可能造成纤维... 详细信息

对经过化学或酶处理的亚麻纤维的分析,主要是确定它在沤制过程中所带来的组成变化,以及确定在酶处理时纤维聚合物的变化。采用1%的草酸铵,0.05M的KOH,1M的KOH,及4M的KOH,对已沤制或未沤制的纤维进行一系列的化学分析。沤制可能造成纤维重量的极微损失,但明显地会出现果胶聚合物的改变。在已沤制的纤维中含有鼠李半乳糖(rhamnogalacturonan)。阿拉伯糖及木聚糖明显地减少.此外,果胶萃取物中的平均分子量也降低.而两种不同的酶已经过1M的KOH处理,原先含有较大分子量的木聚糖就不存在了。在经过1M的KOH处理的纤维,再用从Trichodermaviride萃取的内源葡糖V酶(Endoglucanase V)再处理后说明它溶解纤维素,木质糖及木聚糖的低聚合物;由此它限止了这些聚合物在纤维上的增加.用质谱测定分析法(MALDI-TOFMS)从其萃取物中分析了被溶解的物质,表明木聚糖已随机地由一半的4-0-甲基葡萄糖酸所替代.木聚糖已形成XXXG型式而且由多缩半乳糖和海草酸(fucose)替代.纤维经酶处理后表明它所含的木聚糖及其低聚合物不会有所增加,但由于被纤维素混入的物质可能被这些纤维素的水解作用而降解。

关键词：亚麻沤制鼠李半乳糖葡萄糖醛木聚糖质谱测定分析法内源葡糖酶

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