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Stress enhances expression of calcium-binding proteins and NMDAR subunit genes in the rat hippocampus

Neuroprotection 2024年第2期2卷 167-178页

作者： Aravind Parthasarathy Ramesha Hanumanthappa Sarojini R.Bulbule Kiran P.C. hemalatha Nanjaiah Gopinath G. Siddaiah B.M. David Muniswamy Devaraju Kuramkote Shivanna Neurochemistry Lab Department of BiochemistryKarnatak UniversityDharwadIndia Department of Microbiology and Immunology University of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA Department of Zoology Karnatak UniversityDharwadIndia

Backgrounds:Oxidative stress impairs the function of calcium-binding proteins and deregulates calcium signaling in living *** have previously explored the overexpression of calcium-binding protein genes in a reactive oxygen and nitrogen species-induced in vitro cell model of stress that leads to ***,in in vivo models,low levels of stress leads to depressive-like ***,we aimed to analyze gene expression of major calcium-binding proteins(calcineurin,calmodulin,calsyntenin,synaptotagmin,and calreticulin)and N-methyl-D-aspartic acid(NMDA)receptor subunits(glutamate receptor ionotropic[GluN]GluN1,GluN2A,and GluN2B)in the hippocampus of stress-induced ***:Six-week-old male Wistar rats were assigned to two stress induction groups and a control group without stress(n=6).Stress was induced by using H_(2)O_(2)(3%in water)or by immobilization(using a sticky mat)over a period of 30 *** of calcium-binding protein genes in the hippocampus,antioxidant assays,structural alterations in hippocampal neurons,and depressive-like behavior were ***:Expression of genes encoding calcium-binding proteins calcineurin,calsyntenin,synaptotagmin and NMDA receptor subunit GluN1 was enhanced in both chemical and physical stress-induced rats compared with control rats(4.25±0.05 vs.1.03±0.02,p<0.05,2.05±0.08vs.1.03±0.02,p<0.005;2.2±0.4 vs.1.02±0.03,p<0.05,1.98±0.07 vs.1.02±0.03,p<0.005;1.4±0.6 vs.1.15±0.09,p<0.05,1.39±0.05 vs.1.15±0.09,p<0.005),*** stress-induced rats,neurons in the CA2 region of the hippocampus were fewer and appeared disorganized compared with control ***,stressinduced rats showed decreased mobility and lower sucrose preference in behavioral studies compared with control ***:Lower levels of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species(RONS)can also lead to stress in rats by affecting their calcium signaling,buffering capacity in the neurons leading to depressive symptoms.

关键词： calcineurin H_(2)O_(2) hippocampus immobilization NMDA receptors

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Isolation,identification,characterization and antibiotic sensitivity profile of pathogenic Legionella pneumophila isolates from different water sources

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2017年第5期7卷 411-415页

作者： Kannan Subbaram hemalatha Kannan Majed Mohammad Ahmad Masadeh Department of Medical Preparatory Year–Biology Al-Ghad International Colleges for Applied Medical Sciences(Male)RiyadhSaudi Arabia Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences&Pathology Jimma UniversityJimmaEthiopia Department of Pharmaceutical Technology Jordan University of Science and TechnologyIrbid 22110Jordan

Objective:To investigate the prevalence,isolation,identification,characterization,antibiotic profile and pathogenicity of Legionellae isolated from various set of ***:A total of 400 water samples were collected from different water *** samples were pretreated using acid treatment followed by concentration and culture on buffered charcoal yeast extract *** like ability of Legionella isolates to grow in various p H range,effect of different concentrations of chlorine and effect of different temperature optima were set *** tests were performed to separate Legionellae into *** sensitivity tests and test for pathogenicity were also conducted on isolated ***:The rates of isolation of Legionella pneumophila(***) in different water sources were found to be 20%(lakes),10%(ponds),8%(water-tanks) and 1%(rivers).Most of the isolates could grow in variable p H 6–8 and it could also survive the normal level of chlorination and even at temperature of 42 *** species of Legionellae resulted in identification of 5 different species,*** being the dominant *** of *** were resistant to many *** of Legionellae into intracerebral route of suckling mice revealed that *** was the most ***:Serious and fatal *** infections may be transmitted through *** can survive under various conditions in various water *** is the important pathogen causing human *** challenge prevails to health care professionals because these Legionellae acquired antibiotic resistance to many routinely prescribed antibiotics.

关键词： Legionella pneumophila Legionellae Animal pathogenicity Virulence Water sources Antibiotic resistance

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Pedalium murex Linn.:An overview of its phytopharmacological aspects

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2011年第9期4卷 748-755页

作者： Dinesh Kumar Patel Damiki Laloo Rajesh Kumar Siva hemalatha Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory Department of PharmaceuticsInstitute of Technology.Banana Hindu University

Pedalium murex Linn(family:Pedaliaceae)(***) commonly known as Large Caltrops and Gokhru(India) is a shrub found in the Southern *** region of India and in some parts of *** parts of the plant are used to treat various ailments like,cough,cold and as an *** is reported traditionally to have an excellent cure in patients with reproductive disorders which are mainly impotency in *** emissions,gonorrhoea as well as leucorrhoea in *** plant has also benifiled in complications like urinary track disorder as well as gastro intestinal tract *** the plant is popular for the presence of a considerable amount of diosgenin and vanillin which are regarded as an important source and useful starting materials for synthesizing steroidal contraceptive drugs and isatin *** phytochemicals reported in the plant includes *** acid,caffeic acid,amino acids(glycine,histidine,tyrosine,threonine,aspartie acid and glutamic acid) and various classes of fatty acids(triacontanoic acid,*** and heptatriacontan-4-one).Pharmacologically,the plant have been investigated for antiulcerogenic. ***,aphrodisiac,antioxidant,antimicrobial and insecticidal *** all these reports it can be concluded that the plant were found to have a better profile with potential natural source for the treatment of various range of either acute or chronic *** overall database of our review article was collected from the scientific sources in regards with all the information ol the research article for *** published so far.

关键词： Pedalium murex Tissue culture Phytochemistry Ulcerogenic Aphrodisiac Nephroprotective Antioxidant Antimicrobial

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Evaluation of phytochemical and antioxidant activities of the different fractions of Hybanthus enneaspermus (Linn.) ***. (Violaceae).

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2011年第5期4卷 391-396页

作者： Dinesh Kumar Patel Rajesh Kumar Damiki Laloo Siva hemalatha Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory Department of PharmaceuticsInstitute of TechnologyBanaras Hindu UniversityVaranasi-221005.India

Objective:To investigate the naturally occurring antioxidant for the first time from the different solvent fractions of Hybanthus enneaspermus（***） Linn ***（Violaceae）. Methods:Different fractions of *** were tested for total phenolic content,and in vitro antioxidant activity was measured by total antioxidant assay,DPPH assay,reducing power, nitric oxide（NO）,hydrogen peroxide（H2O2） scavenging ***:The ethyl acetate（EA） fraction was found to have high levels of phenolic content[（212.15±0.79） mg GAE/g].The EA fraction exhibited higher total antioxidant capacity,higher percentage of DPPH radical scavenging activity[（127.07±2.29） Fg/mL],nitric oxide[（245.16±1.44）μg/mLJ,hydrogen peroxide[（227.38±7.18）μg/mL],deoxyribose[（270.61±8.72）μg/mL]and higher reducing *** was a significant correlation between total phenolic content and total antioxidant activity（r =0.972）. Conclusions:These results reveal that EA fraction of *** has strong antioxidant potential compared with other *** further study has been extended to the isolation of the possible compound that is responsible for having antioxidant property.

关键词： Hybanthus enneaspermus Antioxidant Total phenolics

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Zero-DCE++Inspired Object Detection in Less Illuminated Environment Using Improved YOLOv5

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第12期77卷 2751-2769页

作者： Ananthakrishnan balasundaram Anshuman Mohanty Ayesha Shaik Krishnadoss Pradeep Kedalu Poornachary Vijayakumar Muthu Subash Kavitha Centre for Cyber Physical Systems Vellore Institute of Technology(VIT)ChennaiTamil Nadu600127India School of Computer Science and Engineering Vellore Institute of Technology(VIT)ChennaiTamil Nadu600127India School of Information and Data Sciences Nagasaki UniversityNagasaki8528521Japan

Automated object detection has received the most attention over the *** cases ranging from autonomous driving applications to military surveillance systems,require robust detection of objects in different illumination ***-of-the-art object detectors tend to fare well in object detection during daytime ***,their performance is severely hampered in night light conditions due to poor *** address this challenge,the manuscript proposes an improved YOLOv5-based object detection framework for effective detection in unevenly illuminated nighttime ***,the preprocessing strategies involve using the Zero-DCE++approach to enhance lowlight *** is followed by optimizing the existing YOLOv5 architecture by integrating the Convolutional Block Attention Module(CBAM)in the backbone network to boost model learning capability and Depthwise Convolutional module(DWConv)in the neck network for efficient compression of network *** Night Object Detection(NOD)and Exclusively Dark(ExDARK)dataset has been used for this *** proposed framework detects classes like humans,bicycles,and *** demonstrate that the proposed architecture achieved a higher Mean Average Precision(mAP)along with a reduction in model size and total parameters,*** proposed model is lighter by 11.24%in terms of model size and 12.38%in terms of parameters when compared to baseline YOLOv5.

关键词： Object detection deep learning nighttime road scenes YOLOv5 DWConv Zero-DCE++ CBAM

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Inhibitory effect of two Indian medicinal plants on aldose reductase of rat lens in vitro

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2011年第9期4卷 694-697页

作者： Rajesh Kumar Dinesh Kumar Patel Damiki Laloo Krishnamurthy Sairam Siva hemalatha Deportment of Pharmaceutics Institute of Technology.Banana Hindu UniversityVaranasi-221005India

Objective:To assesse the inhibitor) effect of alcoholic extract of two Indian medicinal plants namely Ceasalpinia digyna Rottler *** lamarckii Thwaits on aldose reductase（AR） of rat ***:Rats lens were enucleated through posterior approach and their homogenate was prepared and centrifuged to obtain a clear supernatant for the determination of AR activity and protein ***:The alcoholic extract of Ceasalpirda digyna and Alangium lamarckii had a potent inhibitory effect on the lens AR *** IC50 values of alcoholic extract of the selected plants were calculated and were（46.29±11.17） and（106.00±5.11）μg/mL,respectively. Quercetin was used as a positive control and its IC50 value was（2.95±1.53）μg/***:Thus,it is concluded that alcoholic extracts of the selected plant exhibit significant inhibitory effects on AR in the rat lens in vitro.

关键词： Caesalpinia digyna Alangium lamarckii Aldose reductase Diabetic cataract

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Antidiabetic activity of alcoholic leaves extract of Alangium lamarckii Thwaites on streptozotocin-nicotinamide induced type 2 diabetic rats

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2011年第11期4卷 904-909页

作者： Rajesh Kumar Dinesh Kumar Pate Satyendra Kuldip Prasad Kirshnamurthy Sairam Siva hemalatha Department of Pharmaceutics Institute of TechnologyBanaras Hindu UniversityVaranasi-221005India

Objective:To investigate antidiabetic potential of alcoholic leaves extract of Alangium lamarekii (***) on streptozotocin-nicotinamide induced type 2 diabetic ***:Oral glucose tolerance test was done by inducing hyperglycemic state via administration of glucose in water(2 g/kg).Single dose of alcoholic leaves extract ***(250 and 500 mg/kg,p.o.) were administered to normoglycemic,hyperglycemic *** 2 diabetes was induced by single intraperitoneal injection of nicotinamide(110 mg/kg) followed by streptozotocin(65 mg/kg).The study also included estimations of blood plasma glucose,lipid profile,liver glycogen,body weight and antioxidant status in normal and diabetic ***:Admistration of alcoholic extract of *** at two dosage 250 and 500 rag/kg,*** not showed any significant change in blood glucose level of normoglycemic rats(P>0.05).whereas,oral glucose tolerance test depicted reduction in blood glucose level(P<0.05).The streptozotocin-nicotinamide induced diabetic rats, significantly decreased the blood plasma glucose level(P<0.001) comparable to glibenclamide (10 mg/kg),restored the lipid profile and showed improvement in liver glycogen,body weight and antioxidant status in diabetic ***:Present finding demonstrated the significant antidiabetic activity of alcoholic leaves extract ***.

关键词： Alangium lamarckii Antidiabetic activity Glucose tolerance test Streptozotocin

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Pedalium murex Linn(Pedaliaceae) fruits:a comparative antioxidant activity of its different fractions

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2011年第5期1卷 395-400页

作者： DK Patel R Kumar SK Prasad S hemalatha Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory Department of PharmaceuticsInstitute of TechnologyBanaras Hindu University

Objective:To examine the antioxidant activity and total phenolic content of different solvent fractions of Pedulium murex(***)Linn fruits(Family:Pedaliaceae)as well as the correlation between the total antioxidant capacity and total phenolic ***:In the present study,the antioxidant activities of *** were evaluated using six in-vitro assays,namely total antioxidant assay,DPPH assay,reducing power,nitric oxide scavenging,hydrogen peroxide scavenging and deoxyribose scavenging assays,and total phenol contents were also ***:The ethyl acetate(EA)fraction was found to have high levels of phenolic content(298.72±2.09 mg GAE/g).The EA fraction exhibit higher total antioxidant capacity,higher percentage of DPPH radical scavenging activity(135.11±2.95μg/mL),nitric oxide(200.57±4.5lμg/mL),hydrogen peroxide(2I7.91±6.12μg/mL),deoxyribose(250.01±4.68μg/mL)and higher reducing *** coefficient(r^2=0.914)was found to be significant between total phenolic content and total antioxidant ***:In general,the results indicate that the EA fractions are rich in phenolic antioxidants with potent free radical scavenging activity implying their importance to human health.

关键词： Pedalium murex Antioxidant activity Total phenolics Different solvent fraction In vitro assay Scavenging activity

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An overview on antidiabetic medicinal plants having insulin mimetic property

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2012年第4期2卷 320-330页

作者： Patel DK Prasad SK Kumar R hemalatha S Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory Department of PharmaceuticsInstitute of TechnologyBanaras Hindu University

Diabetes mellitus is one of the common metabolic disorders acquiring around 2.8%of the world's population and is anticipated to cross 5.4%by the year *** long back herbal medicines have been the highly esteemed source of medicine therefore,they have become a growing part of modern,high-tech *** view of the above aspects the present review provides profiles of plants(65 species) with hypoglycaemic properties,available through literature source from various database with proper categorization according to the parts used,mode of reduction in blood glucose(insulinomimetic or insulin secretagugues activity) and active phyloconsliluents having insulin mimetics *** the review it was suggested that,plant showing hypoglycemic potential mainly belongs to the family Leguminoseae,Lamiaceae,Liliaceae,Cucurbitaceae, Asteraceae,Moraceae,Rosaceae and *** most active plants are Allium sativum. Gymnema sylvestre,Citrullus colocynthis,Trigonella foenum greacum,Momordica charantia and Ficuts *** review describes some new bioactive drugs and isolated compounds from plants such as roseoside,epigallocatechin gallate,beta-pyrazol-1-ylalanine,cinchonain Ib,leucocyandin 3-O-beta-d-galactosyl cellobioside,leucopelargonidin-3- O-alpha-L rhamuoside,glycyrrhetinic acid,dehydrotrametenolic acid,strictinin,isostrictinin,pedunculagin, epicatechin and christinin-A showing significant insulinomimetic and antidiabetic activity with more efficacy than conventional hypoglycaemic ***,from the review majorly,the antidiabetic activity of medicinal plants is attributed to the presence of polyphenols,flavonoida, terpenoids,coumarins and other constituents which show reduction in blood glucose *** review also discusses the management aspect of diabetes mellitus using these plants and their active principles.

关键词： Diabetes Insulin secretagogues Insulin mimetics Phytoconstituents Pancrease Blood glucose Insulin Beta cell Antidiabetic activity Medicinal plant Metabolic disorder Herbal medicine Diabetes mellitus Hypoglycaemic activity

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Diabetes mellitus:An overview on its pharmacological aspects and reported medicinal plants having antidiabetic activity

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2012年第5期2卷 411-420页

作者： Patel DK Kumar R Laloo D hemalatha S Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory Department of PharmaceuticsInstitute of TechnologyBanaras Hindu University

Diabetes mellitus is not a single disease but is a group of metabolic disorders affecting a huge numlier of population in the *** is mainly characterized by chronic hyperglycemia,resulting from defects in insulin secretion or insulin *** is predicated that the number of diabetes person in the world could reach upto 366 million by the year *** though the cases of diabetes are increasing day by day,except insulin and oral hypoglycemic drugs no other way of treatment has been successfully developed so ***,the objective of the present review is to provide an insight over the pathophysiological and etiological aspects of diabetes mellitus along with the remedies available for this metabolic *** review also contains brief idea about diabetes mellitus and the experimental screening model with their relevant mechanism and significance mainly used *** and streptozotocin are mainly used for evaluating the antidiabetic activity of a particular *** review contain list of medicinal plants which have been tested for their antidiabetic activity in the alloxan induced diabetic rat *** the available data in the literature,it was found that plant having antidiabetic activity is mainly due to the presence of the secondary ***,the information provided in this review will help the researchers for the development of an alternative methods rather than insidin and oral hypoglycemic agents for the treatment of diabetes niellitus,which will minimize the complication associated with the diabetes and related disorder.

关键词： Aldose reductase Alloxan Antioxidant Diabetes mellitus Insulin Phytoconstituents Streptozotocin Oral hypoglycemic agents

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