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Non-invasive diagnosis of alcoholic liver disease

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第40期20卷 14626-14641页

作者： Sebastian Mueller helmut karl seitz Vanessa Rausch Department of Internal Medicine Salem Medical Center University of Heidelberg 69121 Heidelberg Germany Center for Alcohol Research University of Heidelberg 69121 Heidelberg Germany

Alcoholic liver disease(ALD)is the most common liver disease in the Western *** many reasons,it isunderestimated and *** early diagnosis is absolutely essential since it(1)helps to identify patients at genetic risk for ALD;(2)can trigger efficient abstinence namely in non-addicted patients;and(3)initiate screening programs to prevent life-threateningcomplications such as bleeding from varices,spontaneous bacterial peritonitis or hepatocellular *** two major end points of ALD are alcoholic liver cirrhosis and the rare and clinically-defined alcoholic hepatitis(AH).The prediction and early diagnosis of both entities is still insufficiently solved and usually relies on acombination of laboratory,clinical and imaging *** is not widely conceived that conventional screeningtools for ALD such as ultrasound imaging or routine laboratory testing can easily overlook ca.40%of manifest alcoholic liver ***-invasive methods such as transient elastography(Fibroscan),acoustic radiation force impulse imaging or shear wave elastography have significantly improved the early diagnosis of *** algorithms allow either the exclusion or the exact definition of advanced fibrosis stages in ca.95%of *** correct interpretation of liver stiffness requires a timely abdominal ultrasound and actual transaminase *** non-invasive methods such as controlled attenuation parameter,serum levels of M30 or M65,susceptometry or breath tests are under current evaluation to assess the degree of steatosis,apoptosis and iron overload in these *** biopsy still remains an important option to rule out comorbidities and to confirm the prognosis namely for patients with AH.

关键词： Alcoholic hepatitis Alcoholic steatohepatitis Alcoholic liver disease Non-invasive Liver stiffness Serum marker Steatosis

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Primary liver injury and delayed resolution of liver stiffness after alcohol detoxification in heavy drinkers with the PNPLA3 variant I148M

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World Journal of Hepatology 2016年第35期8卷 1547-1556页

作者： Vanessa Rausch Teresa Peccerella Carolin Lackner Eray Yagmur helmut-karl seitz Thomas Longerich Sebastian Mueller Salem Medical Center and Center for Alcohol Research University of Heidelberg Institute for Pathology Medical University Graz Laboratory Diagnostics Center RWTH-University Hospital Aachen Aachen and Medical Care Center Institute of Pathology RWTH-University Hospital Aachen

AIMTo investigate the influence of PNPLA3 genotype in heavy drinkers on serum markers and liver stiffness (LS) during alcohol withdrawal and its association with histology. METHODSCaucasian heavy drinkers (n = 521) with a mean alcohol consumption of 192.1 g/d (median alcohol consumption: 169.0 g/d; 95%CI: 179.0-203.3) were enrolled at the Salem Medical Center, University of Heidelberg. LS was measured by transient elastography (Fibroscan, Echosens SA, Paris, France). LS and serum markers were prospectively studied in these patients with all stages of alcoholic liver disease (steatosis, steatohepatitis, fibrosis) prior and after alcohol detoxification with a mean observation interval of 6.2 ± 3.2 d. A liver biopsy with histological analysis including the Kleiner score was obtained in 80 patients. RESULTSThe PNPLA3 rs738409 genotype distribution for CC, CG and GG was 39.2%, 52.6% and 8.2%. GG genotype primarily correlated with histological steatohepatitis (r = 0.404, P r = 0.319, P r = 0.264, P r = 0.828, P r = 0.516, P r = 0.319, P vs 6%) with 3.8% more CC carriers while 3.7% less were seen in the F4 cirrhosis group. Thus, about 20% of patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis would be attributable to PNPLA3 G variants. The OR to develop cirrhosis corrected for age, gender and body mass index was 1.295 (95%CI: 0.787-2.131) for CG + GG carriers. CONCLUSIONIn heavy drinkers, PNPLA3 GG primarily correlates with ballooning/steatohepatitis but not steatosis resulting in a delayed inflammation-associated resolution of LS. Consequently, sustained ballooning-associated LS elevation seems to be a potential risk factor for fibrosis progression in PNPLA3 GG carriers.

关键词： Liver stiffness Alcoholic liver disease Adiponutrin PNPLA3 Transient elastography Alcohol withdrawal Inflammation

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Increased liver stiffness in alcoholic liver disease:Differentiating fibrosis from steatohepatitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第8期16卷 966-972页

作者： Sebastian Mueller Gunda Millonig Lucie Sarovska Stefanie Friedrich Frank M Reimann Maria Pritsch Silke Eisele Felix Stickel Thomas Longerich Peter Schirmacher helmut karl seitz Department of Medicine and Center for Alcohol Research Salem Medical Center University of Heidelberg Institute of Medical Biometry and Informatics University of Heidelberg Institute of Clinical Pharmacology University of Bern Department of Pa-thology University of Heidelberg

AIM:To test if inflammation also interferes with liver stiffness (LS) assessment in alcoholic liver disease (ALD) and to provide a clinical algorithm for reliable fibrosis assessment in ALD by FibroScan (FS).METHODS:We first performed sequential LS analysis before and after normalization of serum transaminases in a learning cohort of 50 patients with ALD admitted for alcohol detoxification. LS decreased in almost all patients within a mean observation interval of 5.3 d. Six patients (12%) would have been misdiagnosed with F3and F4 fibrosis but LS decreased below critical cut-off values of 8 and 12.5 kPa after normalization of trans-aminases. RESULTS:Of the serum transaminases,the decrease in LS correlated best with the decrease in glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT). No significant chang-es in LS were observed below GOT levels of 100 U/L. After establishing the association between LS and GOT levels,we applied the rule of GOT 100 U/L at the time of LS assessment from this cohort,the area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) for cirrhosis detection by FS improved from 0.921 to 0.945 while specificity increased from 80% to 90% at a sensitivity of 96%. A similar AUROC could be obtained for lower F3 fibrosis stage if LS measurements were restricted to patients with GOT < 50 U/L. Histological grading of inflammation did not further improve the diagnostic accuracy of ***:Coexisting steatohepatitis markedly increases LS in patients with ALD independent of fibrosis stage. Postponing cirrhosis assessment by FS during alcohol withdrawal until GOT decreases to < 100 U/mL signif icantly improves the diagnostic accuracy.

关键词： Alcoholic liver disease Alcoholic steatohep-atitis Liver cirrhosis Bilirubin Tissue elasticity imaging FibroScan

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Alcoholic liver disease and hepatitis C:A frequently underestimated combination

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第28期15卷 3462-3471页

作者： Sebastian Mueller Gunda Millonig helmut K seitz Department of Medicine and Center for Alcohol Research Live Disease and Nutrition Salem Medical Center University of Heidelberg Zeppelinstraβe 11-33 69121 Heidelberg Germany

Alcoholic liver disease(ALD) and hepatitis C virus(HCV) infection represent, either alone or in combination, more than two thirds of all patients with liver disease in the Western *** review discusses the epidemiology and combined impact of ALD and HCV on the progres sion of liver *** and HCV affect the progres sion of liver disease to liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) in a synergistic ***, the risk for HCC increases f ive times with a daily alcohol con sumption of 80 g;in the presence of HCV it is increased 20fold, and a combination of both risk factors leads to a more than 100fold risk for HCC *** consumption also decreases the response to interferon treatment which is probably due to a lack of compliance than a direct effect on HCV *** molecu lar mechanisms are discussed that could explain the synergistic interaction of alcohol and HCV on disease *** include modulation of the immune response and apoptosis, increased oxidative stress via induction of CYP2E1 and the hepatic accumulation of ***, both HCV and alcohol independently cause hepatic iron accumulation in > 50% of patients probably due to suppression of the liversecreted systemic iron hormone hepcidin.A better understanding of hepcidin regulation could help in developing novel therapeutic approaches to treat the chronic disease in the *** now, it can be generally concluded that HCVinfect ed patients should abstain from alcohol and alcoholicsshould be encouraged to participate in detoxification programs.

关键词： Alcoholic liver disease Chronic hepatitis C Steatosis Steatohepatitis Fibrosis Cirrhosis Reactiveoxygen species Hepatocellular carcinoma Iron accu-mulation

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THERMAL PERFORMANCE OF PANELS WITH HIGH DENSITY,RANDOMLY ORIENTED STRAW BALES

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Journal of Green Building 2018年第1期13卷 31-55页

作者： Sarah seitz Kyle Beaudry Colin MacDougall Dept.of Civil Engineering Queen’s UniversityKingstonOntarioCanada

This paper describes the hot-box testing(based on ASTM C1363-11)of seven straw bale wall panels to obtain their thermal conductivity *** panels were con-structed with stacked bales and cement-lime plaster skins on each side of the *** panels were made with traditional,2-string field bales of densities ranging from 89.5 kg/m^(3)-131 kg/m^(3) and with the bales on-edge(fibres perpendicular to the heat flow).Three panels were made with manufactured high-density bales(291 kg/m^(3)-372 kg/m^(3)).The fibres of the manufactured bales were randomly *** key conclusion of this paper is that within the experimental error,there is no difference in the thermal conductivity value for panels using normal density bales and manufactured high density bales up to a density of 333 kg/m^(3).However,because of lack of precision of the hot-box,no conclusions can be made on the true thermal conductivity of the high density bale *** addition,the panels tested were found to have significant voids between bales,and this is believed to have con-tributed to higher measured thermal conductivity values compared to those reported in the literature for normal density bale *** properties may be affected for bales with higher densities than 333 kg/m^(3),therefore further testing is suggested.

关键词： straw bale construction thermal testing thermal conductivity hot-box apparatus high-density bales

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The current performance of biodegradable magnesium-based implants in magnetic resonance imaging:A review

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Bioactive Materials 2021年第12期6卷 4360-4367页

作者： Jonathan Espiritu Martin Meier Jan-Marten seitz Syntellix AG HannoverGermany Hannover Medical School HannoverGermany

Magnesium-based implants are re-emerging as a substantial amendment to standard orthopaedic implants.A brief introduction of magnesium(Mg)as a biodegradable material and basic magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)principles are *** review aims to highlight the current performance of these implants during examinations with *** also aim to summarise comparisons between Mg-based implants with current standards to emphasise the promotion of biodegradable implants in clinical practice.A comprehensive search of current literature on Mg-based implants and the utilisation of MRI in the studies was ***,recorded artefact behaviour of Mg-based implants during MRI was investigated.A total of nine studies were included in which MRI was employed to image Mg-based *** those studies,four of the nine discuss artefact production caused by the *** successfully imaged regions of interest over all and produced fewer artefacts than other materials used in the *** was employed in contrast angiography,bone growth observation,bone infection healing,and blood *** capabilities of an implant material are vital to translating products into clinical *** findings presented in this review suggest and support the use of Mg-based implants due to their successful visual compatibility with MRI techniques.

关键词： Magnetic resonance imaging Magnesium Biodegradable implants Medical imaging Patient safety

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Medical management of urolithiasis: Great efforts and limited progress

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Asian Journal of Urology 2024年第2期11卷 149-155页

作者： Victoria Jahrreiss Christian seitz Fahad Quhal Department of Urology Comprehensive Cancer CenterMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria Department of Urology King Fahad Specialist HospitalDammamSaudi Arabia

Objective:To provide a comprehensive review on the existing literature on medical management of ***:A thorough literature review was performed using Medline,PubMed/PMC,Embase,and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews up to December 2022 to identify publications on the medical management of *** that assessed dietary and pharmacologic management of urolithiasis were reviewed;studies on medical expulsive therapy were not included in this ***:Medical management of urolithiasis ranges from the prophylactic management of kidney stone disease to dissolution *** most treatment concepts have been long established,large randomized controlled trials are *** modification and increased fluid intake remain cornerstones in the conservative management of urolithiasis.A major limitation for medical management of urolithiasis is poor patient ***:Medical management of urolithiasis is more important in patients with recurrent urolithiasis and patients with metabolic abnormalities putting them at higher risk of developing *** medical management can be effective in limiting stone recurrence,medical interventions often fail due to poor compliance.

关键词： Medicalmanagement Medical therapy Urolithiasis Kidneystonedisease

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Refractory Tubes with Innovative Liner Technology for Flow Control and Clean Steel Applications

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China's Refractories 2021年第2期30卷 35-40页

作者： Patrick seitz Yong TANG Gerald NITZL RHI Magnesita Leoben 8700Austria RHI Magnesita Wien 1120Austria

Ladle shrouds(LS)and submerged entry nozzles(SEN)are flow control products used in continuous casting which transfer the liquid steel from the ladle to the tundish and further to the *** to the strongly different and quickly changing temperature conditions before and during steel casting,highly thermal shock resistant refractory materials are required which simultaneously save steel process energy.A new technology embeds a special liner into the refractory body inner surface to reduce the heat transfer through the LS/SEN *** better understand the function of this insulation layer a mathematical model was *** measurements carried out in the steel plant were compared with the simulation *** research results indicate potential heat loss reduction and performance improvements in the steelmaking process.

关键词： refractory tubes flow control computation fluid dynamics simulation

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Habitat use and diel activity pattern of the Tibetan Snowcock(Tetraogallus tibetanus):a case study using camera traps for surveying high-elevation bird species

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Avian Research 2019年第1期10卷 21-29页

作者： Gai Luo Chuangming Yang Huaming Zhou Michael seitz Yongjie Wu Jianghong Ran Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education College of Life ScienceSichuan University The Administration of the Gongga Mountain National Nature Reserve

Background:Global climate change has had significant effects on animal distribution and population dynamics in mid-latitude alpine areas,but we know little about the basic ecology of high-altitude species due to the difficulties of conducting field research in the harsh climate and habitat present at high *** Tibetan Snowcock(Tetraogallus tibetanus) is a little-known phasianid distributing in alpine areas at extremely high elevations in the mountains surrounding the Tibetan *** the species occupancy rate and discussing the factors affecting its distribution based on infrared-triggered camera techniques would provide both a baseline to measure the influence of global warming and valuable information on its conservation and ***:We used infrared-triggered cameras to investigate the Tibetan Snowcock on the western slope of *** from June to November *** used the R package "overlap" to visualize its activity pattern,and used an occupancy model to both examine its habitat use as well as to determine the most influential variables affecting its habitat ***:Using 103 camera traps over 9213 camera-days,we recorded 428 instances of Tibetan *** diel activity peaks of Tibetan Snowcock occurred during the periods of 8:00-10:00 am and 18:00-20:00 *** model estimate of occupancy for Tibetan Snowcock(0.830) was slightly higher than the na?ve site occupancy based on camera detections(0.663),indicating a wider use of habitat than the camera traps ***,slope,settlement density,road density,and EVI(enhanced vegetation index) were the most influential variables for its habitat ***:The Tibetan Snowcock is confirmed to be *** species prefers an environment with a high elevation,gentle slope,and low EVI,apparently facing a trade-off between predator risk,foraging efficiency,and food *** human impact was low,there was a positive correlation between the habitat use of the Tibet

关键词： Activity pattern Habitat preference Mt. Gongga Occupancy model Tibetan Snowcock

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Letting Go is Never Easy:Abscission and Receptor- Like Protein Kinases

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2013年第12期55卷 1251-1263页

作者： Chad E.Niederhuth Sung Ki Cho Kati seitz John C.Walker Department of Genetics University of Georgia Division of Biological Sciences University of Missouri Interdisciplinary Plant Group University of Missouri Department of Horticulture Iowa State University

Abscission is the process by which plants discard organs in response to environmental cues/stressors, or as part of their normal development. Abscission has been studied throughout the history of the plant sciences and in numerous species. Although long studied at the anatomical and physiological levels, abscission has only been elucidated at the molecular and genetic levels within the last two decades, primarily with the use of the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. This has led to the discovery of numerous genes involved at all steps of abscission, including key pathways involving receptor-like protein kinases （RLKs）. This review covers the current knowledge of abscission research, highlighting the role of RLKs.

关键词： Abscission abscission zone cell separation cell wall remodeling receptor-like protein kinase.

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