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Differential diagnosis in inflammatory bowel disease colitis:State of the art and future perspectives

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第1期21卷 21-46页

作者： Gian Eugenio Tontini Maurizio Vecchi Luca Pastorelli Markus F Neurath helmut Neumann Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy Unit IRCCS Policlinico San Donato20097 San Donato MilaneseItaly Department of Medicine I University of Erlangen-Nuremberg91054 ErlangenGermany Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health University of Milan20122 MilanoItaly

Distinction between Crohn's disease of the colonrectum and ulcerative colitis or inflammatory bowel disease(IBD) type unclassified can be of pivotal importance for a tailored clinical management,as each entity often involves specific therapeutic strategies and ***,no gold standard is available and the uncertainty of diagnosis may frequently lead to misclassification or repeated ***,we have performed a literature search to address the problem of differential diagnosis in IBD colitis,revised current and emerging diagnostic tools and refined disease classification ***,the differential diagnosis is an untangled issue,and the proper diagnosis cannot be reached in up to 10% of patients presenting with IBD *** topic is receiving emerging attention,as medical therapies,surgical approaches and leading prognostic outcomes require more and more disease-specific strategies in IBD *** optimization of standard diagnostic approaches based on clinical features,biomarkers,radiology,endoscopy and histopathology appears to provide only marginal ***,emerging diagnostic techniques in the field of gastrointestinal endoscopy,molecular pathology,genetics,epigenetics,metabolomics and proteomics have already shown promising *** advanced endoscopic imaging techniques and biomarkers can shed new light for the differential diagnosis of IBD,better reflecting diverse disease behaviors based on specific pathogenic pathways.

关键词： Crohn’s disease Ulcerative colitis Inflammatory bo

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Revision of the Clam Shrimp Genus Magumbonia from the Upper Jurassic of the Luanping Basin,Hebei,Northern China

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2009年第1期83卷 46-51页

作者： LI Gang SHEN Yanbin LIU Yongqing Peter BENGTSON helmut WILLEMS Hiramichi HIRANO State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology the Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 China Institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing 100037 China Institute of Geology and Palaeontolog University of Heidelberg DE-69120 Heidelberg Germany Department of Geosciences University of Bremen DE-28359 Bremen Germany Department of Earth Sciences Waseda University Tokyo 169-8050 Japan

The diverse clam shrimp Nestoria-Keratestheria fauna is widely distributed in the Dabeigou Formation in northern Hebei and eastern Inner Mongolia of China. Its important component genus Magumbonia from the Dabeigou Formation in the Luanping Basin, northern Hebei, China, is revised on the basis of a scanning electron microscope （SEM） examination of the type species *** Wang, 1984, which revealed morphological features not recognized previously. These include coarse reticulation on the umbo and prominent growth lines ornamented with densely spaced, small tubercles and fine lirae.

关键词： clam shrimp Magumbonia Dabeigou Formation Upper Jurassic Luanping Basin Hebei,China

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Surgical approaches for resection of pancreatic cancer: an overview

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2002年第1期1卷 118-125页

作者： helmut Friess Jrg Kleeff Markus W Buchler Department of Visceral and Transplanlation Surgery University of Bern. Switzerland

Objective: To overview the different surgical approach-es for the resection of pancreatic cancer and our expe-rience with these ***: Surgical procedures including the Whipple re-section, pylorus-preserving resection, total and subto-tal panreatectomies, regional pancreatectomy and theextended lymph node resection were ***: Studies have shown that no operation seems toproduce significantly improved results in terms of sur-vival, mortality and resection rates compared to thestandard Whipple resection and ***: Despite the progress in the surgical treat-ment of pancreatic cancer, the overall prognosis afterresection remains unsatisfied. Surgery is likely to beoptional for the treatment of pancreatic cancer.

关键词： pancreatic cancer therapy surgery

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Precise Control of Highly Ordered Arrays of Nested Semiconductor/Metal Nanotubes

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Nano Research 2011年第2期4卷 164-170页

作者： Diefeng Gu helmut Baumgart Kandabara Tapily Pragya Shrestha Gon Namkoong Xianyu Ao Frank Müller Department of Electrical Engineering Old Dominion University Norfolk Virginia 23529 USA The Applied Research Center Newport News Virginia 23606 USA Max Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics Halle Germany

Lithographically defined microporous templates in conjunction with the atomic layer deposition （ALD） technique enable remarkable control of complex novel nested nanotube structures. So far three-dimensional control of physical process parameters has not been fully realized with high precision resolution, and requires optimization in order to achieve a wider range of potential applications. Furthermore, the combination of composite insulating oxide layers alternating with semiconducting layers and metals can provide various types of novel applications and eventually provide unique and advanced levels of multifunctional nanoscale devices. Semiconducting TiO2 nanotubes have potential applications in photovoltaic devices. The combination of nanostructured semiconducting materials with nested metal nanotubes has the potential to produce novel multi functional vertically-ordered three-dimensional nanodevices. Platinum growth by ALD has been explored, covering the initial stages of the thin film nucleation process and the synthesis of high aspect ratio nanotube structures. The penetration depth of the Pt into porous templates having various pore sizes and aspect ratios has been investigated. Several multi-walled nested TiO2-Pt nanotubes in series have been successfully fabricated using microporous Si templates. These innovative nested nanostructures have the potential to produce novel multifunctional vertically-ordered three-dimensional nanodevices in photovoltaic and sensing technologies.

关键词： Atomic layer deposition (ALD) platinum nanotubes semiconductor/metal nanotubes microporous Si templates nanoporous alumina templates multilayer nested nanotubes

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Improved allometric equations for tree aboveground biomass estimation in tropical dipterocarp forests of Kalimantan,Indonesia

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Forest Ecosystems 2017年第2期4卷 83-92页

作者： Solichin Manuri Cris Brack Fatmi Noor'an Teddy Rusolono Shema Mukti Anggraini helmut Dotzauer Indra Kumara Fenner School of Environment and Society The Australian NationalUniversityLinnaeus Way Building 141Canberra ACT2601Australia Dipterocarps Research Center Forest Research Development and Innovation AgencyMinistry of Environment and ForestryJl.AW SyahraniSamarindaEast KalimantanIndonesia Faculty of Forestry Bogor Agricultural UniversityJl Raya DarmagaKampus IPBBogor 16680Indonesia Forests and Climate Change Program Deutsche Gesellschafc fur Internationale Zusammenarbeit(FORCLIME-GIZ)Manggala Wanabakti BuildingBlock VII6th floorJakartaIndonesia Biodiversity and Climate Change Program Deutsche Gesellschafr fur Internationale Zusammenarbeit(BIOCLIME-GIZ)Manggala Wanabakti BuildingBlock VIL 6th floorJakartaIndonesia District Forestry and Plantation Service Jl.Antasarl No 4 Putussibaa Kapuas Hulu 78711West KalimantanIndonesia

Background： Currently, the common and feasible way to estimate the most accurate forest biomass requires ground measurements and allometric *** studies have been conducted on allometric equations development for estimating tree aboveground biomass（AGB） of tropical dipterocarp forests（TDFs） in Kalimantan（Indonesian Borneo）.However, before the use of existing equations, a validation for the selection of the best allometric equation is required to assess the model bias and *** study aims at evaluating the validity of local and pantropical equations; developing new allometric equations for estimating tree AGB in TDFs of Kalimantan; and validating the new equations using independent ***： We used 108 tree samples from destructive sampling to develop the allometric equations, with maximum tree diameter of 175 cm and another 109 samples from previous studies for validating our *** performed ordinary least squares linear regression to explore the relationship between the AGB and the predictor variables in the natural logarithmic ***： This study found that most of the existing local equations tended to be biased and imprecise, with mean relative error and mean absolute relative error more than 0.1 and 0.3, *** developed new allometric equations for tree AGB estimation in the TDFs of *** a validation using an independent dataset,we found that our equations were reliable in estimating tree AGB in *** pantropical equation, which includes tree diameter, wood density and total height as predictor variables performed only slightly worse than our new ***： Our equations improve the precision and reduce the bias of AGB estimates of *** models developed from small samples tend to systematically bias.A validation of existing AGB models is essential before the use of the models.

关键词： Allometric equation Local and pantropical models AGB Model validation Destructive sampling Tropical dipterocarp forest

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Elucidation of the sodiation/desodiation mechanism in Ca_(0.5)Ti_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)/C as promising electrode for sodium batteries: New insights into the phase transitions

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第7期31卷 36-44,I0002页

作者： Abdelhaq Nassiri Noha Sabi Angelina Sarapulova Yingjin Wei Bouchaib Manoun Sylvio Indris Alexandr Missyul helmut Ehrenberg Ismael Saadoune IMED-Lab Faculty of Science and Technology-Cadi Ayyad University(UCA)Av.A.El KhattabiP.B.549MarrakeshMorocco Institute for Applied Materials(IAM) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology(KIT)P.O.Box 364076021 KarlsruheGermany Key Laboratory of Physics and Technology for Advanced Batteries(Ministry of Education) Jilin Engineering Laboratory of New Energy Materials and TechnologyCollege of PhysicsJilin UniversityChangchun 130012JilinChina MSN Mohamed VI Polytechnic UniversityLot 660Hay Moulay RachidBen Guerir 43150Morocco CELLS-ALBA Synchrotron E-08290 Cerdanyola del VallesBarcelonaSpain Technology Development Cell(Techcell) Technology Transfer Office(TTO)Mohamed VI Polytechnic UniversityLot 660Hay Moulay RachidBen Guerir 43150Morocco

The structure evolution and electrochemical performance of Na SICON-type Ca_(0.5)Ti_(2)(PO_(4))_(3) for sodium batteries are *** phosphate was synthesized by a solid-state method,and the obtained particles were coated with carbon using *** compound crystallizes in the rhombohedral system with space group *** presence of carbon in the Ca_(0.5)Ti_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)/C composite was confirmed by Raman and Thermogravimetric *** electrochemical performance of Ca_(0.5)Ti_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)/C was investigated in the potential window 1.5–3.0 V *** metal at different scan *** compound is able to initially intercalate/deintercalate 1.6/1.15 Na per formula unit,*** operando synchrotron diffraction was done in the potential window 0.02–3.0 V ***|Na+and revealed the occurrence of several reaction regions upon first *** to 4 Na+ion per formula unit can be inserted during the first *** intensive refinement of the synchrotron X-ray diffraction(SXRD)patterns of discharged Ca_(0.5)Ti_(2)(PO_(4))_(3) evidenced the existence of five regions depending on the sodium content while the crystal structures of new phases were elucidated for the first time where sodium insertion occurs in the unusual M3 and M’3 sites of the Na SICON structure.

关键词： Sodium-ion batteries Phosphates Synchrotron Mechanism Energy storage

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A Fundamentally Irreversible World as an Opportunity towards a Consistent Understanding of Quantum and Cosmological Contexts

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Journal of Modern Physics 2016年第12期7卷 1455-1482页

作者： helmut Tributsch Bio-Mimetics in Energy Systems Program Carinthia University for Applied Sciences Villach Austria

In a preceding publication a fundamentally oriented and irreversible world was shown to be derivable from the important principle of least action. A consequence of such a paradigm change is avoidance of paradoxes within a “dynamic” quantum physics. This becomes essentially possible because fundamental irreversibility allows consideration of the “entropy” concept in elementary processes. For this reason, and for a compensation of entropy in the spread out energy of the wave, the duality of particle and wave has to be mediated via an information self-image of matter. In this publication considerations are extended to irreversible thermodynamics, to gravitation and cosmology with its dependence on quantum interpretations. The information self-image of matter around particles could be identified with gravitation. Because information can also impose an always constant light velocity there is no need any more to attribute such a property to empty space, as done in relativity theory. In addition, the possibility is recognized to consider entropy generation by expanding photon fields in the universe. Via a continuous activation of information on matter photons can generate entropy and release small energy packages without interacting with matter. This facilitates a new interpretation of galactic redshift, emphasizes an information link between quantum- and cosmological phenomena, and evidences an information-triggered origin of the universe. Self-organized processes approach maximum entropy production within their constraints. In a far from equilibrium world also information, with its energy content, can self-organize to a higher hierarchy of computation. It is here identified with consciousness. This appears to explain evolution of spirit and intelligence on a materialistic basis. Also gravitation, here identified as information on matter, could, under special conditions, self-organize to act as a super-gravitation, offering an alternative to dark matter. Time is not an il

关键词： Fundamental Irreversibility Gravitation as Information Redshift as Entropy Phenomenon Constancy of Light Velocity Time Information Driven Universe

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On the Fundamental Meaning of the Principle of Least Action and Consequences for a “Dynamic” Quantum Physics

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Journal of Modern Physics 2016年第4期7卷 365-374页

作者： helmut Tributsch Bio-Mimetics in Energy Systems Program Carinthia University for Applied Sciences Villach Austria

The principle of least action, which has so successfully been applied to diverse fields of physics looks back at three centuries of philosophical and mathematical discussions and controversies. They could not explain why nature is applying the principle and why scalar energy quantities succeed in describing dynamic motion. When the least action integral is subdivided into infinitesimal small sections each one has to maintain the ability to minimize. This however has the mathematical consequence that the Lagrange function at a given point of the trajectory, the dynamic, available energy generating motion, must itself have a fundamental property to minimize. Since a scalar quantity, a pure number, cannot do that, energy must fundamentally be dynamic and time oriented for a consistent understanding. It must have vectorial properties in aiming at a decrease of free energy per state (which would also allow derivation of the second law of thermodynamics). Present physics is ignoring that and applying variation calculus as a formal mathematical tool to impose a minimization of scalar assumed energy quantities for obtaining dynamic motion. When, however, the dynamic property of energy is taken seriously it is fundamental and has also to be applied to quantum processes. A consequence is that particle and wave are not equivalent, but the wave (distributed energy) follows from the first (concentrated energy). Information, provided from the beginning, an information self-image of matter, is additionally needed to recreate the particle from the wave, shaping a “dynamic” particle-wave duality. It is shown that this new concept of a “dynamic” quantum state rationally explains quantization, the double slit experiment and quantum correlation, which has not been possible before. Some more general considerations on the link between quantum processes, gravitation and cosmological phenomena are also advanced.

关键词： Least Action Calculus of Variations Dynamic Energy Quantum Paradoxes Quantum Correlation

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Monte Carlo Hamiltonian: Linear Potentials

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2002年第5期38卷 561-565页

作者： LUO Xiang-Qian LIU Jin-Jiang HUANG Chun-Qing JIANG Jun-Qin helmut KROGER Department of Physics Zhongshan University Guangzhou 510275 China Department of Physics Zhongshan University Guangzhou 510275 China Department of Physics Zhongshan University Guangzhou 510275 China Department of Physics Zhongshan University Guangzhou 510275 China 2Département de Physique Université Laval Québec Québec G1K 7P4 Canada

We further study the validity of the Monte Carlo Hamiltonian method. The advantage of the method,in comparison with the standard Monte Carlo Lagrangian approach, is its capability to study the excited states. Weconsider two quantum mechanical models: a symmetric one V(x) = |x|/2; and an asymmetric one V(x) = ∞, forx ＜ 0 and V(x) = x, for x ≥ 0. The results for the spectrum, wave functions and thermodynamical observables are inagreement with the analytical or Runge-Kutta calculations.

关键词： Monte Carlo method, quantum mechanics, computational physics

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Time-Neutrality of Natural Laws Challenged: Time Is Not an Illusion but Ongoing Energy-Driven Information Loss

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Journal of Modern Physics 2021年第3期12卷 300-327页

作者： helmut Tributsch Institute for physical and theoretical Chemistry Free University Berlin Germany Helmholtz Centre Berlin for Materials and Energy Berlin Germany

It is shown that the time of entropy increase, here called action time, is caused by a dynamically understood energy. It drives time by decreasing its presence per state, that is by abandoning order, information, and creating entropy. This mechanism can be derived from basic principles via the Lagrange-Euler formalism, just considering the properties of really experienced, oriented time and thus abandoning the paradigm of time neutrality. It describes nature driven by a dynamically understood principle of least action, which is identified as manifestation of fundamental irreversibility in nature. This readily explains the second law of thermodynamics and also yields the entropy law for non-linear irreversible thermodynamics: maximum entropy production within the restraints of the system. Dynamic energy-driven time, action time, and time asymmetry is generated via the process of erasing information and liberating its energy irreversibly as heat. It is not an illusion but information-based reality. It is the loss of information to the past and different from clock-time, which is just an artificial scale, using information for tracking real time, action time. Energy-driven fundamental irreversibility of nature can better describe experienced reality and opens the way to understand and finally imitate the self-organizing creativity in nature. It also draws far reaching consequences for understanding quantum physics, gravitation and cosmology as well as biology. From the point of view of irreversibility, nature turns out to be more elegant, simpler and rationally understandable. For the first time, it can be explained in a few words what energy and nature basically represent and why it must have been information, which has started the universe.

关键词： Time-Invariance Energy Time Entropy Information Irreversibility Self-Organization Nature

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