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Recent Developments and Current Issues in the Treatment of Pancreatic Cancer

Journal of Cancer Therapy 2013年第10期4卷 13-27页

作者： helmut Oettle Charite-Universitatsmedizin Berlin Medizinische Klinik mit Schwerpunkt HamatologieOnkologie und TumorimmunologieBerlinGermany

Presently, many questions exist about what the optimal regimen comprises for all stages and treatment settings for pancreatic cancer. Since the CONKO-001 trial, adjuvant therapy following resection has become standard of care;however, outcomes are poor, with most patients experiencing disease recurrence, and new therapies have yet to be validated. Furthermore, the value of adjuvant radiotherapy has still not been clearly defined. Targeted treatment in combination with chemotherapy has been mostly disappointing so far in the adjuvant setting but immunotherapy holds potential for improving survival outcomes. Neoadjuvant treatment does not appear to provide much benefit in resectable patients but in the small subgroup of patients with borderline resectable/unresectable locally advanced disease it may increase the possibility of an R0 resection and, consequently, a substantial increase in survival duration. Use of capecitabine-based radiotherapy in patients with unresectable locally advanced disease appears to be more efficacious and better tolerated than gemcitabine-based chemoradiotherapy, with respect to survival outcomes. However, as with adjuvant treatment, the benefit of adding radiotherapy has not yet been definitively demonstrated. In patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer, targeting the stroma with nab-paclitaxel has shown promising results in a phase III trial setting when administered in combination with gemcitabine and, furthermore, this regimen is suitable for a broad range of patients due to its generally good tolerability profile. Because of its high toxicity, FOLFIRINOX is more suitable for younger patients with an excellent performance status who can withstand aggressive treatment and in patients with a worse performance status, gemcitabine monotherapy is considered to be a more appropriate treatment. Alternatively, gemcitabine in combination with erlotinib, the only targeted compound that has resulted in significant albeit small improvements in sur

关键词： Pancreatic Cancer Chemotherapy Adjuvant Therapy Neoadjuvant Therapy

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In operando study of orthorhombic V_(2)O_(5) as positive electrode materials for K-ion batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2021年第11期30卷 627-636,I0015页

作者： Qiang Fu Angelina Sarapulova Lihua Zhu Georgian Melinte Alexander Missyul Edmund Welter Xianlin Luo Michael Knapp helmut Ehrenberg Sonia Dsoke Institute for Applied Materials(IAM) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology(KIT)Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1D-76344 Eggenstein-LeopoldshafenGermany Helmholtz Institute Ulm for Electrochemical Energy Storage(HIU) Helmholtzstrasse 1189081 UlmGermany Institute of Nanotechnology(INT) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology(KIT)Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1D-76344 Eggenstein-LeopoldshafenGermany CELLS-ALBA Synchrotron E-08290 Cerdanyola del VallesBarcelonaSpain Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY Notkestraße 85D-22607 HamburgGermany

Herein, the electrochemical performance and the mechanism of potassium insertion/deinsertion in orthorhombic V_(2)O_(5) nanoparticles are studied. The V2O5 electrode displays an initial potassiation/depotassiation capacity of 200 mAh g^(−1)/217 mAh g^(−1) in the voltage range 1.5–4.0 V vs. K^(+)/K at C/12 rate, suggesting fast kinetics for potassium insertion/deinsertion. However, the capacity quickly fades during cycling, reaching 54 mAh g^(−1) at the 31st cycle. Afterwards, the capacity slowly increases up to 80 mAh g^(−1) at the 200th cycle. The storage mechanism upon K ions insertion into V2O5 is elucidated. In operando synchrotron diffraction reveals that V_(2)O_(5) first undergoes a solid solution to form K_(0.6)V_(2)O_(5) phase and then, upon further K ions insertion, it reveals coexistence of a solid solution and a two-phase reaction. During K ions deinsertion, the coexistence of solid solution and the two-phase reaction is identified together with an irreversible process. In operando XAS confirms the reduction/oxidation of vanadium during the K insertion/extraction with some irreversible contributions. This is consistent with the results obtained from synchrotron diffraction, ex situ Raman, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Moreover, ex situ XPS confirms the “cathode electrolyte interphase” (CEI) formation on the electrode and the decomposition of CEI film during cycling.

关键词： Orthorhombic V_(2)O_(5) In operando synchrotron diffraction In operando X-ray absorption spectroscopy K-ion batteries

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射频激励快速轴向流动CO_2激光器的实验研究

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中国激光 1992年第7期19卷 490-495页

作者：高允贵 R.Dohlus helmut Paul 中国科学院安徽光机所合肥230031 德国巴塞尔激光技术公司

在不同的放电管尺寸、光腔参数、CO_2混合气体的压力、风机的体积抽速下测得了射频激励快轴流CO_2器件的激光输出特性曲线、阈值曲线。实验找出了CO_2混合气体的最佳配比。将实验结果与直流激励同一器件的输出做了比较。

关键词：射频轴流 CO2 激光器激励

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Different profiles of cytokine expression during mild and severe acute pancreatitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第15期16卷 1845-1853页

作者： Zilvinas Dambrauskas Nathalia Giese Antanas Gulbinas Thomas Giese Pascal O Berberat Juozas Pundzius Giedrius Barauskas helmut Friess Laboratory for Research of Digestive System Institute for Biomedical ResearchEiveniu Str. 2 50009 Kaunas Lithuania Department of Surgery Kaunas University of MedicineEiveniu Str. 2 50009 Kaunas Lithuania Department of Surgery Heidelberg UniversityIm Neuenheimer Feld 110D-69120 Heidelberg Germany Institute for Immunology Heidelberg UniversityIm Neuenheimer Feld 305D-69120 Heidelberg Germany Department of Surgery University of Technology MunichIsmaninger Str. 2281675 Munich Germany Department of Surgery Kaunas University of MedicineEiveniu Str. 250009 Kaunas Lithuania

AIM:To study secretion patterns of proand anti-in-flammatory cytokines, and activation of various cellular subsets of leukocytes in peripheral ***: We have conducted a prospective obser-vational study. One hundred and eight patients with a diagnosis of acute pancreatitis and onset of the disease within last 72 h were included in this study. The mRNA expression of 25 different types of cytokines in white blood cells was determined by quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction. Levels of 8 different cytokines in blood serum were measured by enzymelinked immunosorbent assay. Clinical data and cytokine expression results were subjected to statistical ***: Severe and necrotizing acute pancreatitis (AP) is characterized by the significant depletion of circulating lymphocytes. Severe acute pancreatitis is as-sociated with a typical systemic inflammatory response syndrome and over-expression of pro-inflammatory cy-tokines [interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF)]. Serum IL-6 and MIF concentra-tions are the best discriminators of severe and necrotiz-ing AP as well as possible fatal outcome during the early course of the disease. CONCLUSION: Deregulation of cellular immune sys-tem is a key event leading to severe and necrotizing AP. IL-6 and MIF could be used as early predictors of complications.

关键词： Acute pancreatitis Cytokines Prognostic factors

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“Hot Nano Spots” as an Interpretation of So-Called Non-Thermal Biological Mobile Phone Effects

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Journal of Electromagnetic Analysis and Applications 2016年第3期8卷 62-69页

作者： helmut Pfützner Institute for Electrodynamics Microwave & Circuit Engineering Technische Universit&#228 t Wien Vienna Austria

Indications exist that mobile phones may cause non-specific biological effects. They are classified as being of implausible non-thermal nature due to low quantum energy and low specific absorption rate levels, even if considering worst cases of "hot spots" of only millimeter size. The considerations of this paper demonstrate that classical theory of polarization offers a conventional interpretation for all three the existence of so far unclarified effects, their low reproducibility and their low intensity. The basis of this explanation is given by the assumption that hot spots contain even hotter “nano spots” on a molecular level according to well known mechanisms of γ-relaxation. In this paper, the concept is put for discussion assuming a heterogeneous system that consists of water molecules as well as larger-sized functional molecules. A consistent interpretation through temperature increase on the level of nanometer sized molecular compounds promises to favor interdisciplinary discussions with respect to safety regulations.

关键词： Mobile Phone Effects Hot Spots Microwave Heating Dielectric Relaxation Non-Thermal Microwave Effects

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Single port laparoscopy in gastroenterology and hepatology: A fine step forward

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第42期20卷 15599-15607页

作者： Christof Mittermair Jan Schirnhofer Eberhard Brunner Katharina Pimpl Christian Obrist Michael Weiss helmut G Weiss General Surgery Department Saint John of God Hospital

Single incision laparoscopy(SIL) has become an emerging technology aiming at a further reduction of abdominal wall trauma in minimally invasive surgery. Available data is encouraging for the safe application of standardized SIL in a wide range of procedures in gastroenterology and hepatology. Compared to technically simple SIL procedures, the merit of SIL in advanced surgeries, such as liver or colorectal interventions, compared to conventional laparsocopy is self-evident without any doubt. SIL has already passed the learning curve and is routinely utilized in expert centers. This minimized approach has allowed to enter a new era of surgical management that can not be acceded without a fruitful combination of prudent training, consistent day-to-day work and enthusiastic motivation for technical innovations. Both, basic and novel technical specifics as well as particular procedures are described herein. The focus is on the most important surgical interventions in gastroenterology and aims at reviewingthe current literature and shares our experience in a high volume center.

关键词： Minimal invasive surgery Single port surgery Single incision laparoscopy Gastroenterology Hepatology

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Physical model experiments for sediment supply to the old Rhine through induced bank erosion

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2013年第4期28卷 431-447页

作者： Andres DIE MORAN Kamal EL KADI ABDERREZZAK Erik MOSSELMAN helmut HABERSACK Franck LEBERT Denis AELBRECHT Eric LAPERROUSAZ EDF R&D and Saint-Venant Laboratory for Hydraulics Deltares and Delft University of Technology BOKU University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences EDF-CIH Savoie Technolac

A mobile-bed,undistorted physical model(1:40) has been used to investigate different sediment supply strategies to the Old Rhine through bank protection removal and modifications of groyne dimensions and configuration,which cause bank *** trained channel was previously the main bed of the upper Rhine downstream of Basel(Switzerland),but it has an artificially low flow regime since the construction of the Grand Canal d’Aisace,a navigation canal,and a flow control dam at Kembs(France).Training works and subsequent channel incision have also greatly reduced sediment transport rates and created a heavily armoured *** modelled pilot site has a groyne field on the left *** show that the currently existing groynes at the site are not effective in creating high bank-side velocities conducive to bank erosion,even for flow rates significantly higher than the mean annual How *** river bank has also proved to be more resistant than previously thought,allowing long stretches of bank protection to be safely *** physical model testing process has produced a new configuration for the groyne field,where two higher,larger island groynes are placed further apart than the three existing attached *** innovative approach has proved effective,causing bank erosion for flow rates below the mean annual flow rate,with consistent erosion being *** has also been found that such a configuration does not pose a hazard for the Grand Canal d’Aisace,which is situated next to the Old Rhine,through excessive bank erosion during high flow events.

关键词： Old Rhine Physical model Sediment transport Groyne Bank erosion

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A case of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection following bile duct stenting

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第9期11卷 1396-1398页

作者： Markus K Diener Alexis Ulrich Theresia Weber Moritz N Wente Markus W Büchler helmut Friess Department of General Surgery

AIM: To present a case of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection following bile duct stenting in a patient with malignant biliary ***: A 78-year-old male patient was admitted to a community hospital with progredient painless jaundice lasting over two weeks, weight loss and sweating at *** a stent should be implanted pre-operatively in jaundiced patients or whether these patients should directly undergo surgical resection, was ***: ERC and a biopsy from the papilla of Vater revealed an adenocarcinoma. In addition, a 7-Ch plastic stent was placed into the common bile duct. Persistent abdominal pain, increasing jaundice, weakness and indigestion led to the transfer of the patient to our hospital.A pylorus-preserving pancreatoduodenectomy wasperformed. Intraoperatively, bile leaked out of the transected choledochus andthe stent was found to be dislocated in the duodenum. A smear of the bile revealed an infection with MRSA, leading to post-operative isolation of the ***:As biliary stents can cause severe infection of the bile, the need for pre-operative placement of biliary stents should be carefully evaluated in each individual case.

关键词： Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus Bile Infection Stent Biliary obstruction Malignancy Surgery

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Anisotropic nanowire growth via a self-confined amorphous template process： A reconsideration on the role of amorphous calcium carbonate

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Nano Research 2016年第5期9卷 1334-1345页

作者： Li-Bo Mao Lei Xue Denis Gebauer Lei Liu Xiao-Fang Yu Yang-Yi Liu helmut Colfen Shu-Hong Yu Division of Nanomaterials and Chemistry Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience Department of Chemistry University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China Department of Chemistry University of Konstanz Universitatsstrasse 10 Box 714 D-78457 Konstanz Germany

Calcium carbonate crystals with various morphologies have been found in a variety of biospecimens and artificially synthesized structures. Usually, the diversity in morphology can be attributed to different types of interactions between the specific crystal faces and the environment or the templates used for the growth of CaCO3 crystals. On the other hand, isotropic amorphous calcium carbonate （ACC） has been recognized as the precursor of other crystalline calcium carbonate forms for both in vivo and in vitro systems. However, here we propose a self-confined amorphous template process leading to the anisotropic growth of single-crystalline calcite nanowires. Initiated by the assembly of precipitated nanoparticles, the calcite nanowires grew via the continuous precipitation of partly crystallized ACC nanodroplets onto their tips. Then, the crystalline domains in the tip, which were generated from the partly crystallized nanodroplets, coalesced in the interior of the nanowire to form a single-crystalline core. The ACC domains were left outside and spontaneously formed a protective shell to retard the precipitation of CaCO3 onto the side surface of the nanowire and thus guided the highly anisotropic growth of nanowires as a template.

关键词： amorphous calcium carbonate calcite nanowire anisotropic growth self-confined amorphous template

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Proteome Analyses of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2014年第1期2卷 23-30页

作者： Dominik A.Megger Wael Naboulsi helmut E.Meyer Barbara Sitek Medizinisches Proteom-Center Ruhr-Universit(a)t Bochum Bochum Germany Medizinisches Proteom-Center Ruhr-Universit(a)t Bochum Bochum Germany Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften ISAS-e.V. Dortmund Germany

Proteomics has evolved into a powerful and widely used bioanalytical technique in the study of cancer,especially hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).In this review,we provide an up to date overview of feasible proteome-analytical techniques for clinical *** addition,we present a broad summaryof proteornic studies of HCC utilizing various technical approaches for the analysis of samples derived from diverse sources like HCC cell lines,animal models,human tissue and body fluids.

关键词： Proteomics Quantitative analysis Hepatocellular carcinoma Biomarker Cell lines Animal models Tissue samples

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