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A Case Study on the Impact of Mother-to-Mother Support Groups on Maternal, Infant and Young Child Nutrition and Care Practices in Habaswein and Wajir South Districts of North Eastern Kenya

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2013年第10期4卷 31-35页

作者： Charles Muruka hellen ekisa Health and Nutrition Programme Save the Children Wajir County Kenya

Only about 25% of babies are exclusively breast fed until six months of age in developing countries though they are at a greater risk of infection and infant mortality. The Global Strategy for Maternal, Infant and Young Child Feeding (MI- YCF) Strategy developed by WHO/UNICEF in 2002 was to revitalize world attention to the impact of feeding practices on the nutritional status, growth, development, health and survival of infants and children. The data for this case study was collected through key informant interviews, observations and review of Save the Children nutrition programme reports and surveys. This information was then organized to produce a detailed description of the maternal, infant and young child nutrition programme in Habaswein and Wajir South districts or sub-counties. The maternal and infant young child nutrition (MIYCN) programme was launched in Habaswein and Wajir South districts in January 2012. The MIYCN programme followed recommendations of a Knowledge, Practice and Coverage (KPC) survey report in July 2012. To date, the programme has formed 48 Mother-to-mother Support Groups (MTMSGs), which are actively promoting the uptake of the recommended MIYCN practices in the community. MIYCN indicators have been markedly improved between July 2011 and February 2013 when surveys were conducted. The uptake of kitchen gardening has picked up significantly at Meri site and some mothers now have a changed attitude towards unskilled home deliveries and are conducting referrals for skilled births. The marked improvements in the performance of MIYCN indicators between July 2011 and February 2013 inWajir South and Habaswein districts can be partly attributed to the MIYCN programme established in January 2012. However, a randomized community trial is still required to provide conclusive results on the impact of care support groups on maternal, infant and young child feeding in this region.

关键词： Mother-to-Mother Support Groups Maternal Infant and Young Child Nutrition Impact

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Food Security in Developing Countries: Factors and Mitigation

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American Journal of Climate Change 2024年第3期13卷 391-405页

作者： hellen Abbo Owasa Abdoulaye Fofana Fall African Center of Excellence in Agroecology and Livelihood Systems Uganda Martyrs University Kampala Uganda Department of Plant Biology Cheikh Anta Diop University of Dakar (UCAD) Dakar Senegal National Laboratory for Research on Plant Production (LNRPV) Senegalese Agricultural Research Institute (ISRA) Dakar Senegal

Since 1976, eradicating hunger has become one of the priority objectives of the United Nations, which is included in the Charter of Human Rights;the right to get adequate food. The qualification of food security in time and space must analyze not only the three components it covers but also the relationships that these three components maintain. Climate change contributes to food insecurity, but it is not the only factor. To address food insecurity in various forms, greater food security must be combined with improved sustainable agricultural practices with minimal strain on the environment. This review of literature insists on the principles of food security, which in particular allows a better understanding of food insecurity in developing countries and favors a greater contribution of agriculture and food systems in general to nutritional progress.

关键词： Food Security Developing Countries Climate Change

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Molecular properties of dissolved organic matter across Earth systems: A meta-analysis

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年

作者： Lei Han Ang Hu hellen Lucas Mzuka Xingting Chen Ji Shen Jianjun Wang Key Laboratory of Lake and Watershed Science for Water Security， Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology， Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Geography and Ocean Science， Nanjing University

Dissolved organic matter （DOM） represents the largest pool of reactive carbon on the Earth and plays a crucial role in various biogeochemical processes and ecosystem functions. However， it is understudied for a global understanding of DOM molecular properties such as molecular weight， stoichiometry， and oxidation state， and the linkages among them across Earth systems. Here， a meta-analysis of 2，707 sites in 204 literatures was conducted by synthesizing four representative molecular properties of DOM， i.e.， mass， double bond equivalent （DBE）， modified aromaticity index (AImod)， and nominal oxidation state of carbon （NOSC）. By exploring H/C and O/C ratios， we examined the relationships among these DOM properties across waters and land systems， and their geographical patterns and environmental drivers. We found that， compared to land system， the mass， DBE， and AImodwere all significantly higher in water systems， with river sediments exhibiting the highest values. DOM oxidation state indicated by NOSC was greater on average in wastewater （NOSC = 0.226 ± 0.06） and marine water （NOSC = 0.133 ± 0.06） than in other habitats. Compared to waters， the mass in land system showed more strongly positive correlations with oxidation states such as NOSC and O/C， and the NOSC showed stronger relations to bioavailability properties such as DBE， AImod， and H/C. Among all the properties， H/C and AImodcontributed to the most variations in global DOM properties. In waters， NOSC monotonically increased towards high latitudes， while DBE and AImodshowed significant hump-shaped patterns indicating peaked unsaturation and aromaticity at mid-latitudes of approximately absolute 30°-50°. The variations in DOM properties were significantly correlated with environmental factors such as annual mean temperature and pH. Collectively， we revealed the spatial distribution and environmental drivers of DOM molecular properties across Earth ecosystems， which could shed light on our comprehensive understan

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A Qualitative Research on Educational Experiences of Underprivileged Secondary School Girls in Malawi

A Qualitative Research on Educational Experiences of Underpr...

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作者： hellen Malumbo Chilomba 浙江师范大学

学位级别：硕士

Girl child education has been a big challenge in most African *** as a country has not been spared from this *** efforts are being made by the government of Malawi and other stakeholders to eradicate the problem,but it seems that girls‘ education is still a problem in Malawi especially among the underprivileged *** this prompted the researcher to do a study on underprivileged secondary school girls‘ education by focusing on the underprivileged secondary school girls educational and life experiences looking at their current *** these girls face and possible solutions on how these challenges can be *** study was guided by four research questions which are: *** do underprivileged secondary school girls experience in their daily life? *** is the underprivileged secondary school girl‘s current educational situation in Malawi? *** are the factors affecting the underprivileged secondary school girls‘ education in Malawi? *** well as what can be done to improve underprivileged secondary school girls‘ education in Malawi?Literature review was done by considering African countries which face challenges in girl‘s *** areas under review included life and educational experiences and challenges girls face in their *** experience it presented what girls go through from birth and the perception people have on girls,for instance,the urge for girls to work hard in household chores and in the fields in preparation for future roles as hardworking *** also reviewed challenges and stakeholder‘s efforts invested in girls‘ *** study employed qualitative research method and was localized in the central region of Malawi with two selected schools from the *** sampling was purposive in order to ensure that the researcher has access to the people who were beneficial towards the research as only girls were the subjects to be *** purpose of the study was to exa

关键词： Malawi Educational Experiences Underprivileged Girls Challenges

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Research and Development on Smartphone Based Vehicle Driving Behaviours Sensing System

Research and Development on Smartphone Based Vehicle Driving...

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作者： hellen TUMAINI DANIEL 北京邮电大学

学位级别：硕士

机动车数量的增长给我们的生活带来了舒适和方便。但是,在另一方面,事故的增长速度成倍增加。据报道,有好多事故都是由于司机的过错或者是危险道路导致的。所以,现在有很多有用的办法可以被应用到车辆中对司机的驾驶行为进行监测,从而... 详细信息

机动车数量的增长给我们的生活带来了舒适和方便。但是,在另一方面,事故的增长速度成倍增加。据报道,有好多事故都是由于司机的过错或者是危险道路导致的。所以,现在有很多有用的办法可以被应用到车辆中对司机的驾驶行为进行监测,从而达到减小甚至阻止事故发生的目的。不同的旨在分析驾驶行为的应用和系统都已经被开发出来。基于摄像头的性能被其高度依赖的可视性严重的制约了。另一方面,不需要摄像头的方法,例如V-Sense,缺少清楚的关于有效监测不同驾驶行为的解释。因为不同的司机,驾驶习惯不同,所以只考虑一个凸点对于判断左右转是不够的。这个研究做了几个重要的贡献,提出了一些没有摄像头的方法的挑战。凸点数量的检测、水平位移以及车辆方向角是帮助提高检测司机驾驶行为准确性的建议方法。智能手机是一个合适的平台,通过其内置的传感器,如GPS、加速计和陀螺仪等来判断司机的驾驶行为。加速计和GPS获取到的数据包含了很多噪声和偏差值。我们采用滑动平均滤波器从原始数据中滤掉噪声。在估算速度的时候,我们采用了卡尔曼滤波器。通过混合传感器的方法,我们可以认知不同的驾驶行为。研究提供了关于需要考虑来提高已经存在的不需要摄像头的应用的性能和准确性的因素的前景。它们不仅提高了驾驶行为分类的准确性，还表明了自己拥有低的计算开销。

关键词： Camera free approach vehicle steering maneuver driving assistant system smartphone

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WinRAR

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玩电脑 2004年第6期 146-147,151页

作者： hellen

“不是我不明白，这世界变化快”。软件的升级换代的确是日新月异，当越来越多有着类似功能软件的出现，当越来越多软件的版本不停地在升级的时候，我们却突然发现，我们对软件的依赖和追逐已经在慢慢丧失……也许，你早已经习惯用WinRA... 详细信息

“不是我不明白，这世界变化快”。软件的升级换代的确是日新月异，当越来越多有着类似功能软件的出现，当越来越多软件的版本不停地在升级的时候，我们却突然发现，我们对软件的依赖和追逐已经在慢慢丧失……也许，你早已经习惯用WinRAR来压缩文件，用金山词霸来查一下不认识的单词，用ACDsee来查看图片，用Total Conmander来进行文件管理……你是否想过，这些我们平时最常用的软件却有着更多未被发掘曲功能和技巧。这个世界不是缺少美，而是缺少发现“就像我们常用的软件一样，它们不是缺乏新功能，而是缺乏挖掘，让我们重新认识这些“最熟悉的陌生人”。

关键词： WinRAR 文件管理 Windows 操作系统电脑

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Functional Health Literacy and Doctor-Patient Communication: Experiences of HIV/AIDS Patients in Homa Bay County, Kenya

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2020年第12期8卷 43-57页

作者： Dennis Butto hellen Mberia Julius Bosire School of Communication and Development Studies Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology Nairobi Kenya School of Health Sciences Kirinyaga University Kerugoya Kenya Technical University of Kenya Nairobi Kenya

Patient involvement in the health care process has been documented as a critical component of successful disease management. However, inadequate functional health literacy among patients is a well-known barrier to effective doctor-patient communication, which has an adverse effect on health outcomes. This study aimed at investigating the association of functional health literacy and doctor-patient communication among HIV/AIDS patients in Homa Bay County, Kenya. It was a cross-sectional hospital-based survey conducted among 362 HIV/AIDS patients receiving care at the eight sub-county hospitals of Homa Bay county. Data was collected using a self-administered structured questionnaire. Cronbach’s alpha and confirmatory factor analysis tests were used to ascertain the reliability and validity of study instruments, while Logistic regression logistic analysis was used to measure the association between functional health literacy and doctor-patient communication. 51% of the respondents were females, and the majority (30.9%) of respondents fell in the age group of 45 years and above. The respondents’ functional health literacy levels were inadequate at weighted means scores of 3.23 [SD 1.31]. The study further established that functional health literacy significantly influenced doctor-patient communication [Nagelkerke R square = 0.318]. There is, therefore, a need to document the determinants of functional health literacy to improve it and make doctor-patient interaction an enjoyable and meaningful experience.

关键词： Doctor-Patient Communication HIV/AIDS Functional Health Literacy

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Influence of Building Information Modelling (BIM) on Engineering Contract Management in Nairobi, Kenya

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World Journal of Engineering and Technology 2020年第3期8卷 329-346页

作者： hellen Nyaboke Mosse Mugwima Njuguna Charles Kabubo Sustainable Materials Research & Technology Centre (SMARTEC) Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT) Nairobi Kenya Centre for Urban Studies Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT) Nairobi Kenya

Building Information Modelling (BIM) is a technology and a process that has brought changes in the construction’s traditional procurement system. Kenya lacks contractual guidelines on implementation of BIM;this makes the adoption of BIM slow and difficult. Previous research has identified a gap in contractual relationships, roles and resulting risks. The objectives of this study were to investigate BIM adoption in Nairobi and to investigate the influence of BIM on Engineering Contract Management (ECM) in Nairobi Kenya. The survey research was a descriptive study with 175 responsive questionnaires. Respondents comprised of Civil Engineers, Construction Project Managers, Architects, Quantity Surveyors, Contractors and Facility Managers. Data was collected through self-administered questionnaire and in-depth interview. Descriptive analytics, correlation and Exploratory factor analysis methods were used to analyse quantitative data. Qualitative data was analysed thematically. It emerged that adoption level was at 56.6% and shallow understanding of BIM capabilities remains to be a barrier to its adoption and implementation. It also emerged that BIM improves ECM;when time, cost, quality, collaboration and return on investment improve, ECM becomes easier. Latent factors found in BIM and ECM relationship were Legal Implications, awareness and knowledge, efficiency, versatility, mandate and leadership, and competitiveness. Further, the study found out that BIM influence on ECM demands for establishment of standards, guidelines, policy, legal framework, and regulations, which can be achieved by amending the public procurement act which dictates the operation of all the other standard forms of contract. Further research should be conducted to measure whether the understanding of BIM had positively improved.

关键词： Building Information Modelling BIM Adoption Implementation Collaboration BIM Contractual Roles and Responsibilities Contract

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中国通过软实力提升在马拉维形象：马拉维奖学金受益人案例研究

中国通过软实力提升在马拉维形象：马拉维奖学金受益人案例研究

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作者： hellen Jimu 吉林大学

学位级别：硕士

自1949年中华人民共和国成立以来,中国通过与全球许多国家建立友好关系努力扩大自身软实力,中国的软实力主要关注影响外国公众的心灵与想法,保持在世界的良好形象。同时,中国的外交政策也越来越雄心勃勃,从被动到主动,近几年来,中国经... 详细信息

自1949年中华人民共和国成立以来,中国通过与全球许多国家建立友好关系努力扩大自身软实力,中国的软实力主要关注影响外国公众的心灵与想法,保持在世界的良好形象。同时,中国的外交政策也越来越雄心勃勃,从被动到主动,近几年来,中国经济增长和全球投资的规模前所未有。今天,中国在国际体系里扮演着全新的角色,赢得了世界上许多国家越来越多的关注,在发展和提升自身形象的战略里,中国一直重视维持与包括马拉维在内的非洲国家的良好关系,并承诺在包括健康、教育和基础设施建设在内的许多领域与这些发展中国家开展项目合作。本文的目的是确定中国大学的软实力程度并分析其对马拉维学生、专业人士的影响。这项研究最终分析了马拉维的奖学金获得者通过在教育项目及文化活动中进行的大量文化外交活动及其对中国形象的看法。这项研究的理论方法是基于不同国际关系理论的传统,从约瑟夫?奈的软实力理论中汲取了更多内容来理解中国在其他国家建立自身形象的努力。本文还采用了新自由主义的方法,因其对在各国塑造外交政策时促进和实现国家间和平与合作重要性的强调。中国是世界主要大国之一,本文进一步探寻了为什么大国为权力、利益、声望进行竞争,这表明斗争是大国之间对彼此的不安全感导致的。与此同时,大国总是在意其他国家如何看待它们,因此它们以多种方式积极主动地对世界其他地方展现良好声誉,特别是对那些有获取大国信任的愿望的小国。然而,为了获得成功,大国需要确保获得大量的收入来最大化利润,但这只能通过与其他国家的合作来实现,然而在这样做的时候,大国之间并没有信任彼此而总是关注欺骗。实际上,过去十年来,我们可以发现世界大国间经济权力再分配的规模在历史上是前所未见的。换言之,国际体系的权力与过去相比更加均匀地分布了,结果是大国间地缘政治的竞争日益激烈。但竞争的性质受到两个重要因素的限制:国内的关注与经济增长的相互依赖。因此,冲突在最不能融入西方主导的政治秩序的大国边缘最为尖锐。为了充分掌握中国软实力在教育交流项目领域的有效性,对马拉维83位来自不同的学术领域,正在或曾经在中国学习过的奖学金受益人进行了调查。目的是通过他们亲身经历来评估软实力战略对提升中国形象的影响,以及其如何推动马拉维与中国的外交和双边关系。这项研究认为,马拉维的奖学金受益者对提升中国形象发挥着重要的作用,他们对中国的看法在课程学习中有所改善。此外,完成学习后,这些受益者们将有助于他们的家庭、朋友了解中国,从而增加这些马拉维人来中国学习的兴趣,并最终改善两国的双边关系。这将导致高等教育交流计划成为建立中国形象的成功的软实力工具。本文分为五章。第一章是导论,阐述了研究背景,突出了本文的研究目标与意图,并解释了研究的意义,文献综述以及所采用的的研究方法。第二章是理论框架,其中包括了概念方法和不同文献中关于软实力的概述,这些信息将会被用于生成主要数据,从而研究软实力的概念和中国政府如何应用软实力。第三章阐释了中国对在非洲的权力、利益和声望的追求。致力于解释为什么大国为权力、利益及声望进行竞争,以及中国自2000年起如何塑造在非洲的形象,比较了在应用软实力方面中国的优势和西方国家的劣势。本章将进一步通过非洲和马拉维交流项目对中国软实力战略进行评估。第四章基于目前在中国学习和已回国的获得奖学金的马维拉学生的看法进行案例分析,这项分析基础是主要的发现,对假设进行了测试,对研究问题提出了回答,此外,分析还考虑了受访者性别、大学地理位置、学习时间和年龄等因素。第五章根据总体发现得出了论文的结论,本章还提供了改进的建议以及对未来研究的建议。

关键词：软实力文化外交中国马拉维知觉教育交流项目

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Effects of Inclusive Leadership on Employee Creativity:the Moderating Role of Proactive Personality

Effects of Inclusive Leadership on Employee Creativity:the M...

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作者： Ametume hellen-Catherine 浙江工商大学

学位级别：硕士

The purpose of this study is to analyse inclusive leadership as an antecedent of promotive and prohibitive voice,and creativity with the moderating role of proactive *** paper studies the influence of inclusive leadership on employee voice using proactive personality as a moderating variable,the relationship between employee voice and employee and how inclusive leadership directly influences employee *** points out the effectiveness of proactive personality at the workplace and its positive *** unravels how inclusive leadership contributes to employee creativity directly and indirectly by giving room to *** paper particularly dwells not on a general personality but a proactive one in influencing creativity at the *** was obtained through questionnaires and analysed using SPSS software.（need input from you...conclusion...what did the results say）.

关键词： Inclusive Leadership Proactive Personality Promotional Voice Prohibitive Voice EmployeeCreativity

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