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Design multifunctional Mg–Zr coatings regulating Mg alloy bioabsorption

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第4期12卷 1461-1478页

作者： Zohra Benzarti Sandesh Itani JoséDavid castro Sandra carvalho Ana Sofia Ramos University of coimbra CEMMPREARISEDepartment of Mechanical EngineeringRua Luís Reis Santos3030-788CoimbraPortugal Laboratory of Multifunctional Materials and Applications(LaMMA) Department of PhysicsFaculty of Sciences of SfaxUniversity of SfaxSoukra Road km 3.5B.P.1171Sfax3000Tunisia

Magnesium(Mg)alloys are widely used for temporary bone implants due to their favorable biodegradability,cytocompatibility,hemocompatibility,and close mechanical properties to ***,rapid degradation and inadequate strength limit their *** overcome this,the direct current magnetron sputtering technique is employed for surface coating in Mg-based alloys using various zirconium(Zr)*** approach presents a promising strategy for simultaneously improving corrosion resistance,maintaining biocompatibility,and enhancing strength without compromising *** leveraging Mg’s inherent biodegradability,it has the potential to minimize the need for secondary surgeries,thereby reducing costs and *** paper is a systematic study aimed at understanding the corrosion mechanisms of Mg–Zr coatings,denoted Mg-xZr(x=0–5 at.%).Zr-doped coatings exhibited columnar growth leading to denser and refined structures with increasing Zr *** analysis confirmed the presence of the Mg(00.2)basal plane,shifting towards higher angles(1.15°)with 5 at.%Zr doping due to lattice parameter changes(i.e.,decrease and increase of“c”and“a”lattice parameters,respectively).Mg–Zr coatings exhibited“liquidphilic”behavior,while Young’s modulus retained a steady value around 80 GPa across all ***,the hardness has significantly improved across all samples’coating,reaching the highest value of(2.2±0.3)GPa for 5 at.%*** testing in simulated body fluid(SBF)at 37℃ revealed a significant enhancement in corrosion resistance for Mg–Zr coatings containing 1.0–3.4 at.%*** with the 5 at.%Zr coating which exhibited a corrosion rate of 32 mm/year,these coatings displayed lower corrosion rates,ranging from 1 to 12 mm/*** synergistic enhancement in mechanical properties and corrosion resistance,achieved with 2.0–3.4 at.%Zr,suggests potential ability for reducing stress shielding and controlled degradation performance,and consequentl

关键词： Mg-Zr coatings Magnetron sputtering Nanoindentation corrosion resistance Bone implants

cannabinoids:challenges,opportunities and current techniques towards its extraction and purification for edibles

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Food Bioscience 2022年第5期49卷 1-12页

作者： Sharon Lustenberger Grzegorz Boczkaj Roberto castro-Mu˜noz Tecnologico de Monterrey Campus GuadalajaraAv.General Ram´on Corona 2514Zapopan45138JaliscoMexico Gdansk University of Technology Department of Sanitary EngineeringFaculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering11/12 Narutowicza St80-233GdanskPoland Tecnologico de Monterrey Campus TolucaAv.Eduardo Monroy C´ardenas 2000 San Antonio Buenavista50110Toluca de LerdoMexico

Due to the multiple health benefits associated with the consumption of cannabinoids,there is a current trend on continuing to explore their biological ***(cBD)is likely to be the most investigated endocannabinoid from the cannabis ***,the purification of cBD from its natural source and psychotropic analogue(tetrahydrocannabinol,THc)is timely challenging for the research community based on the similar physiochemical properties of both *** latter fact becomes relevant for the final application of cBD in edibles as a bioactive ***,this paper comprehensively reviews the latest development works(over the last 2-3 years)aiming at the extraction of cannabinoids and purification of cBD using traditional,emerging,and synergistic extraction techniques and *** emphasis and discussion have been focused on the innovative extraction techniques and the relevant outcomes with detailed strategies to meet such high extraction *** properties(at lab-scale and clinical case studies),current practices,progress in legislation and commercialization of cBD are also ***,according to the findings of this review,the future trends and research gaps are also given.

关键词： cannabinoids cannabidiol(cBD) Extraction Natural drugs Purification Legislation&commercialization

On a Shallow Water Model for the Simulation of Turbidity currents

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communications in computational Physics 2009年第9期6卷 848-882页

作者： T.Morales de Luna M.J.castro Dıaz c.Pares Madronal E.D.Fernandez Nieto Analisis Matematico Facultad de Ciencias–Univ.MalagaCampus de Teatinoss/n29071-MalagaSpain Dpto.Matematica Aplicada I ETS Arquitectura–Univ.SevillaAvda.Reina Mercedes N.241012-SevillaSpain

We present a model for hyperpycnal plumes or turbidity currents that takes into account the interaction between the turbidity current and the bottom,considering deposition and erosion effects as well as solid transport of particles at the bed load due to the *** entrainment from the ambient water in which the turbidity current plunges is also *** of ambient water is neglected and the rigid lid assumption is *** model is obtained as a depth-average system of equations under the shallow water hypothesis describing the balance of fluid mass,sediment mass and mean *** character of the system is analyzed and numerical simulations are carried out using finite volume schemes and path-conservative Roe schemes.

关键词： Turbidity currents hyperbolic systems finite volume methods path-conservative schemes numerical modeling

Modulation of faecal metagenome in crohn's disease:Role of microRNAs as biomarkers

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第46期24卷 5223-5233页

作者： María Rojas-Feria Teresa Romero-García Jose Angel Fernández caballero-Rico helena Pastor Ramírez Marta Avilés-Recio Manuel castro-Fernandez Natalia chueca Porcuna Manuel Romero-Gomez Federico García Lourdes Grande JoséA Del campo Department of Digestive Diseases Valme University HospitalUGC Digestive Disease and CIBERehdServicio Andaluz de SaludSeville E-41014Spain complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Granada MicrobiologyGranada E-18016Spain Institute of Biomedicine of Seville Digestive DiseasesHospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío and CIBERehdSeville E-41013Spain Facultad de ciencias de la salud.Universidad Europea Miguel de cervantes Madrid E-28280Spain

BAcKGROUND The gut microbiota plays a key role in the maintenance of intestinal homeostasis and the development and activation of the host immune system. It has been shown that commensal bacterial species can regulate the expression of host genes. 16 S rRNA gene sequencing has shown that the microbiota in inflammatory bowel disease(IBD) is abnormal and characterized by reduced diversity. Micro RNAs(miRNAs) have been explored as biomarkers and therapeutic targets, since they are able to regulate specific genes associated with crohn's disease(cD). In this work, we aim to investigate the composition of gut microbiota of active treatment-na?ve adult cD patients, with miRNA profile from gut *** To investigate the composition of gut microbiota of active treatment-na?ve adult cD patients, with miRNA profile from gut *** Patients attending the outpatient clinics at Valme University Hospital without relevant co-morbidities were matched according to age and gender. Faecal samples of newonset cD patients, free of treatment, and healthy controls were collected. Faecal samples were homogenized, and DNA was amplified by PcR using primers directed to the 16 S bacterial rRNA gene. Pyrosequencing was performed using GS-Junior platform. For sequence analysis, MGRAST server with the database Ribosomal Project was used. MiRNA profile and their relative abundance were analyzed by quantitative *** Microbial community was characterized using 16 S rRNA gene sequencing in 29 samples(n = 13 cD patients, and n = 16 healthy controls). The mean Shannon diversity was higher in the healthy control population compared to cD group(5.5 vs 3.7). A reduction in Firmicutes and an increase in Bacteroidetes were found. clostridia class was also significantly reduced in cD. Principal components analysis showed a grouping pattern, identified in most of the subjects in both groups, showing a marked difference between control and cD groups. A functional metabolic study showe

关键词： crohn’s disease Dysbiosis microRNAs Firmicutes Bacteroidetes

crithidia deanei infection in normal and dexamethasone–immunosuppressed Balb/c mice

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Health 2010年第6期2卷 589-594页

作者： Dilvani Oliveira Santos Saulo c. Bourguignon helena carla castro Alice Miranda Rodrigo Tonioni Vieira Suzana corte-Real Otílio Machado Pereira Bastos 不详

Monoxenous trypanossomatids protozoa are not believed to cause in vivo infection in verte- brate hosts throughout their life cycle. However, there are reports mentioning some cases of HIV- positive patients who have presented opportunistic infections caused by these protozoa. Recently, we have demonstrated the in vitro infection of mouse dermal fibroblasts by these protozoa. The aim of the present work is to investigate the possibility of crithidia deanei, a endosymbiont-bearing monoxenous trypanossomatid, infect BALB/c mice under or not Dexamethasone treatment. To attend it, distinct gro- ups of adult BALB/c mice were immunosuppressed with 50 mg/kg of Dexamethasone. This immunosuppressor was administered 24 hours before infection and daily, for 15 days after c. deanei inoculation. control groups: c. deanei–inoculated animals but non-immuno- suppressed and non-inoculated animals but immunosuppressed were also used. Light Microscopy analysis revealed an infection process characterized by the presence of the trypanossomatid inside dermal cells in the groups studied. The experimental inoculation resulted in a non-lethal infection characterized by the presence of the trypanossomatid inside dermal cells in the normal BALB/c mice, but notably, in the c. deanei–inoculated immunosuppressed group. These preliminary results lead to the following conclusions: 1) c. deanei is able to infect normal BALB/c mice;2) the immunosupressed mice seemed to be more susceptible to the c. deanei infection compared to the control group. Besides c. deanei in dexamethasone-immunosuppressed mice provides a useful model for studies of monoxenous trypanosomatids ‘in vivo’ infection, resembling that one presumably occurring in imunodeficient individuals with AIDS.

关键词： Monoxenous Trypanossomatid 'In Vivo’ Infection Immunosuppression

Leaf Anatomy of Prosthechea moojenii(Pabst)*** and *** cath.&***(Orchidaceae)as an Approach to Taxonomy of Species Occurring in Biomes cerrado and Atlantic Forest of the Bahia

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2012年第12期3卷 1752-1758页

作者： Filipe de castro Seixas Silvana helena Nascimento Monteiro Lazaro Benedito da Silva Kelly Regina Batista Leite Instituto de Biologia Departamento de BotanicaLaboratório de Anatomia Vegetal e Identificacao de MadeirasCampus Univer-sitário de OndinaUniversidade Federal da BahiaSalvadorBrasil Instituto de Pesquisa Jardim Botanico do Rio de Janeiro Uni-dade de Botanica SistemáticaRio de JaneiroBrasil

Prosthechea is a neotropical genus, belonging to the family Orchidaceae. The Brazil recorded 32 species of the genus of which nine occur in the state of Bahia, including P. silvana and P. moojenii. The first, P. silvana is epiphytic, endemic Atlantic Forest areas of South and Southeast of the Bahia and morphologically similar to P. moojenii, rupicolous species considered endemic to the chapada Diamantina. There are doubts whether these two species are really distinct, because they differ only as to the way of life and aspects related to the size of the inflorescence and floral structure. Thus the anatomical study of these two species, emerges as a tool that aims to investigate the delimitation of these taxa. For this study, the sheet was cut freehand with a razor blade to obtain cross sections and treated by chemical means to obtain paradermic sections, all the material was stained with safranine/Astra blue (safrablau) and safranin, respectively, and the sections were then mounted between a semipermanent and cover slipped slides. The results allowed to distinguish P. silvana of the P. moojenii through the following characteristics observed in the leaf (thickening of the cell walls of epidermal cells, amount and disposition of sclerenchyma fibers and fiber arrangement of vascular and vascular bundles in the mesophyll) and root (number of arcs of xylem and phloem, thickening of cells median cortex), infers taxonomic characters for the genus. The data indicated anatomical distinction between the two species studied here of the Prosthechea, however, suggest the anatomical analysis of other organs to reproductive and vegetative.

关键词： Laeliinae Flora of Bahia Velamen Endemism

Effects of concurrent grain boundary and surface segregation on the final stage of sintering: the case of Lanthanum doped yttriastabilized zirconia

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2017年第3期33卷 251-260页

作者： M.M.Gong S.Dey L.J.Wu c.H.chang H.Li R.H.R.castro F.Liu State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi＇an 710072 China Department of Materials Science ＆ Engineering University of California Davis CA 95616 USA

Dopants play a critical role in tailoring the microstructure during sintering of compacts. These dopants may form solid solution within the bulk, and/or segregate to the grain boundaries（GBs） and the solidvapor interfaces（free surfaces）, each causing a distinct energetic scenario governing mass transports during densification and grain growth. In this work, the forces controlling the dopant distribution, in particular the possibility of concurrent segregation at both surfaces and GBs, are discussed based on the respective enthalpy of segregation. An equation is derived based on the minimum Gibbs energy of the system to determine enthalpy of segregation from experimental interface energy data, and the results applied to depict the role of La as a dopant on the interface energetics of yttria stabilized zirconia during its final stage of sintering. It is shown that La substantially decreases both GB and surface energies（differently）as sintering progresses, dynamically affecting its driving forces, and consequent grain growth and densification in this stage.

关键词： Grain boundary(GB) segregation Surface segregation Enthalpy of segregation GB energy Surface energy

Development of a warning score for early detection of colorectal anastomotic leakage:Hype or hope?

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2022年第11期14卷 1297-1309页

作者： Nuno J G Rama Óscar Lourenço Patrícia c Motta Lima Maria Pedro S Guarino Diana Parente Ricardo castro Ana Bento Anabela Rocha Fernando castro-Poças João Pimentel Division of colorectal Surgical Leiria Hospital CentreLeiria 2410-021Portugal Abel Salazar Biomedical Institute University of OportoOporto 4099-002Portugal center for Innovative care and Health Technology(ciTechcare) Polytechnic of LeiriaLeiria 2410-541Portugal Faculty of Economics CeBERUniversity of CoimbraCoimbra 3000-137Portugal Division of clinical Pathology Leiria Hospital CentreLeiria 2410-541Portugal Division of Surgical Oporto Hospital CentreOporto 4099-001Portugal Department of Gastroenterology Santo António HospitalPorto Hospital CenterOporto 4099-001Portugal Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar University of OPortoOporto 4099-001Portugal Faculty of Medicine University of CoimbraCoimbra 3004-531Portugal Division of Surgical Montes Claros HospitalCoimbra 3030-320Portugal

BAcKGROUND colorectal anastomotic leakage(cAL),a severe postoperative complication,is associated with high morbidity,hospital readmission,and overall healthcare *** detection of cAL remains a challenge in clinical ***,some decision models have been developed to increase the diagnostic accuracy of this *** To develop a score based on easily accessible variables to detect cAL *** Based on the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator method,a predictive classification system was developed[Early coloRectAL Leakage(E-cRALL)score]from a prospective observational,single center cohort,carried out in a colorectal division from a non-academic *** score performance and cAL threshold from postoperative day(POD)3 to POD5 were *** on a precise analytical decision model,the standard clinical practice was compared with the E-cRALL adoption on POD3,POD4,or POD5.A cost-minimization analysis was conducted,on the assumption that all alternatives delivered similar health-related *** In this study,396 patients who underwent colorectal resection surgery with anastomosis,and 6.3%(n=25)developed *** of the patients who developed cAL(n=23;92%)were diagnosed during the first hospital admission,with a median time of diagnosis of 9.0±6.8 *** POD3 to POD5,the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the E-cRALL score was 0.82,0.84,and 0.95,*** POD5,if a threshold of 8.29 was chosen,87.4%of anastomotic failures were identified with E-cRALL ***,score usage could anticipate cAL diagnosis in an average of 5.2 d and 4.1 d,if used on POD3 and POD5,*** of score adoption,episode comprehensive costs were markedly greater(up to four times)in patients who developed cAL in comparison with patients who did not develop ***,the use of the E-cRALL warning score was associated with cost savings of€421442.20,with most(92.9%)of the savings from patients

关键词： Anastomotic leakage colorectal Surgery Biomarkers Score costs

Mycorrhizal synthesis between Pisolithus arhizus and adult clones of Arbutus unedo in vitro and in nursery

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Journal of Forestry Research 2013年第4期24卷 659-670页

作者： Filomena Gomes helena Machado Esteban San Martin A.Portugal Jorge M.canhoto Filomena Gomes.cERNAS Dep.Recursos FlorestaisEscola Superior Agrária Coimbra INIAV Instituto Nacional de Investigao Agráriae VeterináriaIP.Av.República centre of Functional Ecology Department of Life SciencesUniversity of Coimbra

Arbutoid mycorrhizae were synthesized between adult se- lected clones of Arbutus unedo L. and Pisolithus arhizus. Two micro- propagated clones were tested： ALl, in vitro and c1 （acclimatized plants） in nursery and later in a field trial. In vitro, rooted shoots were trans- ferred to test tubes containing the substrate previously inoculated with mycelium cultured on agar. In the nursery, two inoculation treatments were tested （vegetative inocula or dry sporocarps） and compared to con- trol plants. In the field trial, plants from nursery inoculation treatments were compared and an additional control treatment using seedlings was implemented. Plant height was evaluated 4 months later in the nursery and 20 months later in the field trial.

关键词： arbutoid mycorrhizae Ericaceae field plants Arbutus unedoor strawberry tree