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Design-space adaptation method for multiobjective and multidisciplinary optimization

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chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第8期37卷 166-189页

作者： Jongho JUNG Kwanjung yee Shinkyu JEONG Department of Aerospace Engineering Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea Department of Mechanical Engineering Kyunghee UniversityYoungin 17104Republic of Korea

This paper developed a new method that adaptively adjusts a design space by considering the actual solution distribution of a problem to overcome the conventional design-space adaptation method that assumes the solutions distribution to be a normal distribution because the distributions of solutions are rarely normal distributions for real-world *** developed method was applied to nineteen multiobjective test functions that are widely used to evaluate the characteristics and performance of optimization *** results showed that this method adapted the design space to an appropriate design space where the solution existence probability was *** optimization performance achieved using the developed method was higher than that of the conventional ***,the developed method was applied to the conceptual design of an unmanned spacecraft to confirm its validity in real-world design and multidisciplinaryoptimization *** results showed that the Pareto solutions of the developed method were superior to those of conventional ***,the optimization efficiency with the developed method was improved by more than 1.4 times over that of the conventional *** this regard,the developed method has the potential to be applied to complicated real-world optimization problems to achieve better performance and efficiency.

关键词： Multiobjective optimization Multiobjective genetic algorithm Design-space adaptation Multidisciplinary optimization Hypersonic vehicle

Engineering behaviour of in situ cored deep cement mixed marine deposits subjected to undrained and drained shearing

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第5期16卷 1749-1760页

作者： Wei Li chung yee Kwok Faculty of Engineering China University of GeosciencesWuhan430074China Department of civil Engineering The University of Hong Kong999000Hong Kong SARChina

The deep cement mixing(DcM)is used to improve the capacity and reduce the settlement of the soft ground by forming cemented clay *** investigation on the mechanical behaviour of the DcM samples is limited to either laboratory-prepared samples or in-situ samples under unconfined *** this study,a series of drained and undrained triaxial shearing tests was performed on the in-situ cored DcM samples with high cement content to assess their mechanical *** is found that the drainage condition affects significantly the stiffness,peak and residual strengths of the DcM samples,which is mainly due to the state of excess pore water pressure at different strain levels,*** positive before the peak deviatoric stress and negative after the peak deviatoric stress,in the undrained *** slope of the failure envelope changes obviously with the confining pressures,being steeper at lower stress levels and flatter at higher stress *** strength parameters,effective cohesion and friction angle obtained from lower stress levels(c′0 andφ′0)are 400 kPa and 58°,respectively,which are deemed to be true for design in most DcM applications where the in-situ stress levels are normally at lower values of 50-200 ***,the computed tomography(cT)scanning system was adopted to visualize the internal structures of DcM *** is found that the clay pockets existing inside the DcM samples due to uneven mixing affect markedly their stress-strain behaviour,which is one of the main reasons for the high variability of the DcM samples.

关键词： Deep cement mixing(DcM) In-situ cored sample Triaxial shearing Drainage condition confining pressure computed tomography(cT)

Survival outcomes in early-onset oesophageal adenocarcinoma patients:A systematic review and meta-analyses

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第38期30卷 4221-4231页

作者： Ashleigh Russell Shauna Mitchell Richard c Turkington helen G coleman centre for Public Health Queen's University BelfastBelfast BT126BAUnited Kingdom Patrick G Johnston centre for cancer Research Queen's University BelfastBelfast BT71NNUnited Kingdom

BAcKGROUND The incidence of oesophageal adenocarcinoma(OAc)has been reported to be increasing in many *** this trend,an increase in incidence of early-onset OAc,defined as OAc in adults aged under 50 years,has been *** is unclear whether survival outcomes for early-onset OAc patients differ from older age *** To investigate survival outcomes in early-onset OAc *** Ovid Medline and Embase were searched from inception to January 2022 for relevant studies relating to early-onset OAc and survival *** regarding the overall five-year survival and risk of death of younger and older patients with OAc were extracted and pooled using meta-analyses to produce pooled estimates and 95%cIs where *** Eleven studies which compared survival of early-onset OAc,defined as age at diagnosis ofcluded.A narrative review of median and mean survival demonstrated conflicting results,with studies showing early-onset OAc patients having both better and worse outcomes compared to older age groups.A meta-analysis of five-year survival demonstrated similar outcomes across age groups,with 22%-25%of patients in the young,middle and older age groups alive after five years.A meta-analysis of four studies demon-strated that early-onset OAc patients did not have a significantly increased risk of death compared to middle-aged patients(hazard ratio 1.12,95%cI:0.85-1.47).INTRODUcTION There is concern that the incidence of oesophageal adenocarcinoma(OAc)in patients under 50,described as early-onset OAc,is ***,data regarding survival of younger patients with OAc is ***,while increasing age remains a major non-modifiable risk factor for cancer,the incidence of early-onset cancers,largely accepted to be in adults aged under 50 years,is increasing[1].This includes an observed increase in the incidence of gastrointestinal malignancies such as colorectal,oesophageal,gastric and he

关键词： Early-onset cancer Early-onset oesophageal adenocarcinoma Survival cancer epidemiology Systematic review Meta-analysis

SARS-coV-2 variants are associated with different clinical courses in children with MIS-c

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第2期20卷 143-152页

作者： Andres F.Moreno Rojas Emelia Bainto helen Harvey Adriana H.Tremoulet Jane c.Burns Kirsten B.Dummer Department of Pediatrics Division of Pediatric CardiologyUniversity of California San Diegoand Rady Children’s Hospital3020 Children’s Way MC 5004San DiegoCA 92123USA Kawasaki Disease Research center La JollaCAUSA Department of Pediatrics Division of Pediatric Critical CareUniversity of California San Diegoand Rady Children’s HospitalSan DiegoCAUSA Department of Pediatrics University of California San Diegoand Rady Children’s HospitalSan DiegoCAUSA

Background Recent infection with SARS‑coV-2 in children has been associated with multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children(MIS-c).SARS‑coV-2 has undergone different *** publications exist about specific variants and their correlation with the severity of *** This was a single-center,retrospective study including all patients admitted with MIS-c at Rady children’s Hospital-San Diego between May 2020 and March *** epidemiologic data,including viral genomic information,were obtained from public ***,clinical presentation,laboratory values,and outcomes were obtained from electronic medical *** The analysis included 104 pediatric *** MIS-c waves were *** variants in San Diego during the first wave included clades 20A to *** the second wave,there were variants from clades 20A to c,20G,21c(Epsilon),20I(Alpha),and 20J(Gamma).The third wave had Delta strains(clades 21A,21I,and 21J),and the fourth had Omicron variants(clades 21K,21L,and 22c).MIS-c presented with similar symptoms and laboratory findings across all *** patients were admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit(PIcU)(74%)and required inotropic support(63%)during the second *** of the patients required mechanical circulatory support,and only two required invasive ventilatory *** was no *** The various strains of SARS-coV-2 triggered MIS-c with differing severities,with the second wave having a more severe clinical *** the differences in disease severity across variants were due to changes in the virus or other factors remains unknown.

关键词： complications cOVID-19 MIS-c SARS-coV-2 variants

Dysregulation of RNA modification systems in clinical populations with neurocognitive disorders

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第6期19卷 1256-1261页

作者： helen M.Knight Merve DemirbugenÖz Adriana PerezGrovas-Saltijeral Division of cells Organisms and Molecular GeneticsSchool of Life SciencesUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology Faculty of PharmacyAnkara UniversityAnkaraTurkey

The study of modified RNA known as epitranscriptomics has become increasingly relevant in our understanding of disease-modifying *** of N6 adenosine(m^(6)A)and c5 cytosine(m^(5)c)bases occur on mRNAs,tRNA,mt-tRNA,and rRNA species as well as non-coding *** emerging knowledge of RNA binding proteins that act as writer,reader,and eraser effector proteins,comes a new understanding of physiological processes controlled by these *** processes when spatiotemporally disrupted within cellular nanodomains in highly specialized tissues such as the brain,give rise to different forms of *** this review,we discuss accumulating evidence that changes in the m^(6)A and m^(5)c methylation systems contribute to neurocognitive *** studies first identified mutations within FMR1 to cause intellectual disability Fragile X syndromes several years before FMR1 was identified as an m^(6)A RNA reader ***,familial mutations within the m^(6)A writer gene METTL5,m^(5)c writer genes NSUN2,NSUN3,NSUN5,and NSUN6,as well as THOc2 and THOc6 that form a protein complex with the m^(5)c reader protein ALYREF,were recognized to cause intellectual development ***,differences in expression of the m^(5)c writer and reader effector proteins,NSUN6,NSUN7,and ALYREF in brain tissue are indicated in individuals with Alzheimer's disease,individuals with a high neuropathological load or have suffered traumatic brain ***,an abundance of m^(6)A reader and anti-reader proteins are reported to change across brain regions in Lewy bodies diseases,Alzheimer's disease,and individuals with high cognitive reserve.m^(6)A-modified RNAs are also reported significantly more abundant in dementia with Lewy bodies brain tissue but significantly reduced in Parkinson's disease tissue,whilst modified RNAs are misplaced within diseased cells,particularly where synapses are *** parahippocampal brain tissue,m^(6)A modification is enri

关键词： 5-methylcytosine methylation Alzheimer's disease cognitive diseases epitranscriptomics intellectual disability Lewy body diseases N6 adenosine RNA modification

Advancing Energy Systems with In-Situ and Operando Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Spectroscopy

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ccS chemistry 2024年第6期6卷 1403-1421页

作者： Haoming Bao Shi Xuan Leong Jaslyn Ru Ting chen Zhenhai Shi Suli chen Yan Lv Tianxi Liu In yee Phang Xing Yi Ling Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological colloids Ministry of EducationInternational Joint Research Laboratory for Nano Energy CompositesSchool of Chemical and Material EngineeringJiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122 School of chemistry Chemical Engineering and BiotechnologyNanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 637371

Surface-enhanced Raman scattering spectroscopy(SERS)has emerged as a powerful analytical technique to enable nanoscale investigations of energy *** mini-review focuses on the applications of in-situ and operando SERS in energy-related research,highlighting its unique capabilities and significant contributions to understanding energy storage and conversion *** first introduce the fundamental principles of SERS,key SERS-derived techniques,and commonly employed ***,we delve into the diverse applications of in-situ and operando SERS across various energy systems,encompassing photocatalytic and electrocatalytic systems,fuel cells,solar cells,and ***,we conclude with our perspective on the current challenges and prospects in this *** hope thismini-review serves as an essential overview to guide the design and implementation of in-situ and operando SERS studies of energy systems.

关键词： surface-enhanced Raman scattering spectroscopy in-situ operando energy systems photocatalysis electrocatalysis fuel cells solar cells batteries

Machine learning and price-based load scheduling for an optimal IoT control in the smart and frugal home

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能源与人工智能(英文) 2021年第1期3卷 49-63页

作者： Rachneet Kaur clara Schaye Kevin Thompson Daniel c.yee Rachel Zilz R.S.Sreenivas Richard B.Sowers Department of Industrial and Enterprise Systems Engineering University of IllinoisUrbanaIL 61801USA Department of Electrical and computer Engineering University of IllinoisUrbanaIL 61801USA Department of Mathematics and Department of Industrial and Enterprise Systems Engineering University of IllinoisUrbanaIL 61801USA

We pose and study a scheduling problem for an electric load to develop an Internet of Things(IoT)control system for power appliances,which takes advantage of real-time dynamic energy *** historical pricing data from a large *** supplier,we study and compare several dynamic scheduling policies,which can be implemented in a smart home to activate a major appliance(dishwasher,washing machine,clothes dryer)at an optimal time of the day,to minimize electricity *** formulate our scheduling task as a supervised machine learning classification problem which activates the load during one of two preferred time *** features used in the machine learning problem are hourly market,spot and day-ahead prices along with delayed label of the prior *** find that boosting tree-based algorithms outperform any other classification approach with measurable reduction of energy costs over certain types of naive and static *** observe that the delayed label has most predictive power across features,followed,on average,by spot,hourly market,and day-ahead energy *** further discuss implementation issues using a micro controller system coupled with cloud-based serverless computing and dynamic data *** test system includes an interactive voice interface via an intelligent personal assistant.

关键词： Power markets Load scheduling Machine learning Feature analysis Internet of Things Autonomous scheduling Serverless computing

Multi-omics analysis of attenuated variant reveals potential evaluation marker of host damaging for SARS-coV-2 variants

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Science china(Life Sciences) 2024年第1期67卷 83-95页

作者： Guangshan Xie Lin Zhu Siwen Liu cun Li Xin Diao Yanhao Zhang Xiuli Su Yuanyuan Song Guodong cao Li Zhong Pui Wang Xiaojuan Liu Bobo Wing-yee Mok Shusheng Zhang Dong-Yan Jin Jie Zhou Honglin chen Zongwei cai State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis Hong Kong Baptist UniversityHong Kong SARChina State Key Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases and Department of MicrobiologyLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina college of chemistry Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China School of Biomedical Sciences The University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina HKBU Shenzhen Institute of Research and continuing Education Shenzhen 518000China

SARS-coV-2 continues to threaten human society by generating novel variants via mutation and *** high number of mutations that appeared in emerging variants not only enhanced their immune-escaping ability but also made it difficult to predict the pathogenicity and virulence based on viral nucleotide *** markers for evaluating the pathogenicity of new variants are therefore *** comparing host responses to wild-type and variants with attenuated pathogenicity at proteome and metabolome levels,six key molecules on the polyamine biosynthesis pathway including putrescine,SAM,dc-SAM,ODc1,SAMS,and SAMDc were found to be differentially upregulated and associated with pathogenicity of *** validate our discovery,human airway organoids were subsequently used which recapitulates SARS-coV-2 replication in the airway epithelial cells of cOVID-19 *** ODc1 as a proof-ofconcept,differential activation of polyamine biosynthesis was found to be modulated by the renin-angiotensin system(RAS)and positively associated with AcE2 *** experiments demonstrated that ODc1 expression could be differentially activated upon a panel of SARS-coV-2 variants of concern(VOcs)and was found to be correlated with each VOcs’pathogenic ***,the presented study revealed the discriminative ability of key molecules on polyamine biosynthesis as a predictive marker for virulence evaluation and assessment of SARS-coV-2 variants in cell or organoid *** work,therefore,presented a practical strategy that could be potentially applied as an evaluation tool for the pathogenicity of current and emerging SARS-coV-2 variants.

关键词： SARS-coV-2 multi-omics attenuated variant predictive pathogenic marker polyamine biosynthesis

B-cell-targeted therapies in systemic lupus erythematosus

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cellular & Molecular Immunology 2013年第2期10卷 133-142页

作者： Vera Sau-Fong chan helen Hoi-Lun Tsang Rachel chun-yee Tam Liwei Lu chak-Sing Lau Department of Medicine Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China Department of Pathology Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China

Autoreactive B cells are one of the key immune cells that have been implicated in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus （SLE）. In addition to the production of harmful auto-antibodies （auto-Abs）, B cells prime autoreactive T cells as antigen-presenting cells and secrete a wide range of pro-inflammatory cytokines that have both autocrine and paracrine effects. Agents that modulate B cells may therefore be of potential therapeutic value. current strategies include targeting B-cell surface antigens, cytokines that promote B-cell growth and functions, and B- and T-cell interactions. In this article, we review the role of B cells in SLE in animal and human studies, and we examine previous reports that support B-cell modulation as a promising strategy for the treatment of this condition. In addition, we present an update on the clinical trials that have evaluated the therapeutic efficacy and safety of agents that antagonize cD20, cD22 and B-lymphocyte stimulator （BLyS） in human SLE. While the results of many of these studies remain inconclusive, belimumab, a human monoclonal antibody against BLyS, has shown promise and has recently been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration as an indicated therapy for patients with mild to moderate SLE. Undoubtedly, advances in B-cell immunology will continue to lead us to a better understanding of SLE pathogenesis and the development of novel specific therapies that target B cells.

关键词： Systemic lupus erythematosus B-cell autoimmunity therapy