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脊髓损伤中的自主反射障碍

英国医学杂志中文版 2021年第8期24卷 469-471页

作者： helen cowan Celine Lakra Manish Desai 杨贺(译) 扈玉华(校) No affiliation Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS TrustStanmoreUK London Spinal Cord Injury Centre Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS TrustStanmoreUK 河北医科大学第二医院

自主反射障碍是一种对患者生命造成潜在威胁的脊髓损伤并发症,致死率为22%1 ,并导致脑卒中风险增加300%~400%2,急诊医护人员可能很少见到此种疾病的患者,不过一旦遇到这种情况,就要早期识别和治疗。本实践要点旨在对自主反射障碍进行概... 详细信息

自主反射障碍是一种对患者生命造成潜在威胁的脊髓损伤并发症,致死率为22%1 ,并导致脑卒中风险增加300%~400%2,急诊医护人员可能很少见到此种疾病的患者,不过一旦遇到这种情况,就要早期识别和治疗。本实践要点旨在对自主反射障碍进行概述,并介绍如何识别自主反射障碍。

关键词：自主反射障碍脊髓损伤早期识别实践要点急诊医护人员致死率脑卒中风险潜在威胁

Human pluripotent stem cell-derivedβcells:Truly immature isletβcells for type 1 diabetes therapy?

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2023年第4期15卷 182-195页

作者： helen Jiang Fang-Xu Jiang Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital University of Western AustraliaPerth 6009Australia School of Biomedical Sciences University of Western AustraliaPerth 6009Australia School of Health and Medical Sciences Edith Cowan UniversityPerth 6027Australia

A century has passed since the Nobel Prize winning discovery of insulin,which still remains the mainstay treatment for type 1 diabetes mellitus(T1DM)to this *** to the words of its discoverer Sir Frederick Banting,“insulin is not a cure for diabetes,it is a treatment”,millions of people with T1DM are dependent on daily insulin medications for *** donor islet transplantation has proven that T1DM is curable,however due to profound shortages of donor islets,it is not a mainstream treatment option for *** pluripotent stem cell derived insulin-secreting cells,pervasively known as stem cell-derivedβcells(SC-βcells),are a promising alternative source and have the potential to become a T1DM treatment through cell replacement *** we briefly review how isletβcells develop and mature in vivo and several types of reported SC-βcells produced using different ex vivo protocols in the last *** some markers of maturation were expressed and glucose stimulated insulin secretion was shown,the SC-βcells have not been directly compared to their in vivo counterparts,generally have limited glucose response,and are not yet fully *** to the presence of extra-pancreatic insulin-expressing cells,and ethical and technological issues,further clarification of the true nature of these SC-βcells is required.

关键词： Human pluripotent stem cells Stem cell-derivedβcells Isletβcells Type 1 diabetes mellitus Cell replacement therapy

Track forecast:Operational capability and new techniques-Summary from the Tenth International Workshop on Tropical Cyclones(IWTC-10)

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Tropical Cyclone Research and Review 2023年第1期12卷 64-80页

作者： Adam Conroy helen Titley Rabi Rivett Xiangbo Feng John Methven Kevin Hodges Alan Brammer Andrew Burton Paromita Chakraborty Guomin Chen Levi cowan Jason Dunion Abhijit Sarkar Bureau of Meteorology West PerthAustralia Met Office ExeterUK National Centre for Atmospheric Science and Department of Meteorology University of ReadingReadingUK Department of Meteorology University of ReadingReadingUK Cooperative Institute for Research in the Atmosphere Colorado State UniversityFort CollinsUSA National Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasting NoidaIndia Shanghai Typhoon Institute of China Meteorological Administration ShanghaiChina Joint Typhoon Warning Center HonoluluUSA Cooperative Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Studies University of Miamiand Hurricane Research DivisionNOAA/Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological LaboratoryMiamiUSA

In this paper,we summarize findings from the Tenth International Workshop on Tropical Cyclones(IWTC-10)subgroup on operational track forecasting techniques and *** rate of improvement in the accuracy of official forecast tracks(OFTs)appears to be slowing down,at least for shorter lead times,where we may be approaching theoretical *** agencies continue to use consensus methods to produce the OFT with most continuing to rely on an unweighted consensus of four to nine NWP *** continues to be limited use of weighted consensus techniques,which is likely a result of the skills and additional maintenance needed to support this *** in the accuracy of ensemble mean tracks is leading to increased use of ensemble means in consensus *** agencies are increasingly producing situation-dependent depictions of track uncertainty,rather than relying on a static depiction of track forecast certainty based on accuracy statistics from the preceding 5 *** trend has been facilitated by the greater availability of ensemble NWP guidance,particularly vortex parameter files,and improved spread in *** improving spread-skill relationships,most ensemble NWP systems remain under *** many operational centers are looking to leverage“super-ensembles”(ensembles of ensembles)to ensure the full spread of location probability is *** is an important area of service development for multi-hazard impact-based warnings as it supports better decision making by emergency managers and the community in the face of uncertainty.©2023 The Shanghai Typhoon Institute of China Meteorological *** services by Elsevier *** behalf of KeAi Communication *** is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license(http://***/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

关键词： Tropical cyclones Track forecasting Ensembles Track uncertainty

Recreational Use of Acidic Pit Lakes—Human Health Considerations for Post Closure Planning

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2012年第12期4卷 1061-1070页

作者： A. L. Hinwood Jane Heyworth helen Tanner Clint McCullough Centre for Ecosystem management Edith Cowan University Perth Australia Population Health University of Western Australia Perth Australia

Pit lakes may form in mining voids that extend below groundwater level after mining ceases and many have been found to have elevated metals concentrations and low pH through acidic and metalliferous drainage (AMD). Pit lakes are often used for recreational activities including swimming, fishing and boating and poor water quality may present health risks to recreational users. Pit lakes also provide the opportunity for additional water resource uses. The Collie Coal Basin in south-western Australia currently has a number of pit lakes with moderate AMD effects which are also used for recreational pursuits. Twelve hundred questionnaires were mailed to selected addresses in the Collie shire with an additional 170 questionnaires to specific interest groups. Participants were asked about the type of activity, frequency and duration and any health symptoms experienced after use of the lakes. Two hundred and fifty questionnaires were returned, which comprised 176 returns from the random sample and 74 from the targeted sample. Three pit lakes with elevated metals concentrations and low pH were used for recreational purposes by 62% of respondents. This was mostly in summer with swimming the most common activity. Of all respondents 52% were concerned about lake water quality and 38% using the lakes reported a variety of symptoms. Recreational use of Collie pit lakes did not represent a health risk for most of the surveyed population due to the low frequency and duration of use, however health risks may be elevated in sensitive users such as children and those consuming seafood from the lakes. Comprehensive water quality monitoring for chemicals and further characterisation of recreational use of pit lakes is warranted to more comprehensively assess the potential health risks to recreational users. Post closure mine plans need to consider potential future community uses combined with assessments of water quality and physical characteristics to reduce the potential for adverse h

关键词： Pit Lake Acidity Metals Recreational Use Health Impacts Management

REVIEW OF RECENT PROGRESS IN TROPICAL CYCLONE TRACK FORECASTING AND EXPRESSION OF UNCERTAINTIES

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Tropical Cyclone Research and Review 2019年第4期8卷 181-218页

作者： Julian T.Heming Fernando Prates Morris A.Bender Rebecca Bowyer John Cangialosi Phillippe Caroff Thomas Coleman James D.Doyle Anumeha Dube Ghislain Faure Jim Fraser Brian C.Howell Yohko Igarashi Ron McTaggart-cowan M.Mohapatra Jonathan R.Moskaitis Jim Murtha Rabi Rivett M.Sharma Chris J.Short Amit A.Singh Vijay Tallapragada helen A.Titley Yi Xiao 不详

The Ninth International Workshop on Tropical Cyclones(IWTC-9) took place in Hawaii, USA in December 2018. This review paper was presented at the Workshop under the Tropical Cyclone Track *** forecasting of tropical cyclone(TC) track has seen significant improvements in recent decades both by numerical weather prediction models and by regional warning centres who issue forecasts having made use of these models and other forecasting techniques. Heming and Goerss(2010) gave an overview of forecasting techniques and models available for TC forecasting, including evidence of the improvement in performance over the years. However, the models and techniques used for TC forecasting have continued to develop in the last decade. This presentation gives an updated overview of many of the numerical weather prediction models and other techniques used for TC track prediction. It includes recent performance statistics both by the models and the regional warning centres.

关键词： Tropical Cyclone World Meteorological Organization Workshop Numerical Models Track Forecasting

Using Magnetic Barkhausen Noise Technology and Finite Element Method to Study the Condition of Continuous Welded Rails on the Darwin-Alice Springs Line

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Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2011年第7期5卷 596-605页

作者： Ralph （Wei） Zhang helen Wu Thermit Australia Pty Ltd Somersby N.S. W. Australia School of Engineering Edith Cowan University Joondalup 6027 Western Australia

The Magnetic Barkhausen Noise (MBN) technology is a non-destructive method to measure the neutral temperature of the CWR track. A series of in-field verifications and data comparison on Australian mainline tracks have shown the results from that system are highly accurate and reliable. The system can be an accuracy and cost-effective tool to prevent the potential buckling and break of CWR rails. The physical backgrounds and features of the system are represented in this paper. The Darwin-Alice Springs Line is a newly constructed main line in Australia which is linked from the north and middle of Australia. Originally, this rail line is designed and constructed in a "cost-effective" way to a lower price, and the key parameters are relatively low. To maintain the stability of the CWR tracks in a very harsh environment, some new technologies such as the MBN technology were utilised. From the results of neutral temperature, it is found that the majority of them are very high. Combined with the calculation and finite element analysis, these problems evidenced that it is caused by the low toe load fastening system and high sleeper spacing. After that some suggestions are given to improve the stability of the CWR on the railway line.

关键词：无缝线路轨道声技术达尔文有限元法澳大利亚成本效益有限元分析非破坏性

解剖学MRI和MR波谱成像在前列腺癌主动监测管理中的价值

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国际医学放射学杂志 2010年第5期 474-475页

作者： V.Fradet J.Kurhanewicz J.E.cowan A.Karl F.V.Coakley K.Shinohara 肖运平 Department of Urology Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer CenterUniversity of California

关键词：前列腺癌经直肠超声检查病人 MR MRI 主动监测