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Soil carbon and nutrient stocks under Scots pine plantations in comparison to European beech forests: a paired-plot study across forests with different management history and precipitation regimes

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Forest Ecosystems 2021年第3期8卷 628-643页

作者： Marco Diers Robert Weigel heike Culmsee Christoph Leuschner Plant Ecology Albrecht-von-Haller-Institute for Plant SciencesUniversity of GoettingenUntere Karspuele 237073 GoettingenGermany Centre of Biodiversity and Sustainable Land Use(CBL) University of GoettingenBuesgenweg 137077 GoettingenGermany

Background:Organic carbon stored in forest soils(SOC)represents an important element of the global C *** is thought that the C storage capacity of the stable pool can be enhanced by increasing forest productivity,but empirical evidence in support of this assumption from forests differing in tree species and productivity,while stocking on similar substrate,is ***:We determined the stocks of SOC and macro-nutrients(nitrogen,phosphorus,calcium,potassium and magnesium)in nine paired European beech/Scots pine stands on similar Pleistocene sandy substrates across a precipitation gradient(560–820mm∙yr−1)in northern Germany and explored the influence of tree species,forest history,climate,and soil pH on SOC and nutrient ***:While the organic layer stored on average about 80%more C under pine than beech,the pools of SOC and total n in the total profile(organic layer plus mineral soil measured to 60 cm and extrapolated to 100 cm)were greater under pine by about 40%and 20%,*** contrasts with a higher annual production of foliar litter and a much higher fine root biomass in beech stands,indicating that soil C sequestration is unrelated to the production of leaf litter and fine roots in these stands on Pleistocene sandy *** pools of available P and basic cations tended to be higher under *** precipitation nor temperature influenced the SOC pool,whereas tree species was a key *** extended data set(which included additional pine stands established more recently on former agricultural soil)revealed that,besides tree species identity,forest continuity is an important factor determining the SOC and nutrient pools of these ***:We conclude that tree species identity can exert a considerable influence on the stocks of SOC and macronutrients,which may be unrelated to productivity but closely linked to species-specific forest management histories,thus masking weaker climate and soil chemistry effects on pool sizes

关键词： Basic cations Fagus sylvatica Forest history nitrogen Paired plots Pinus sylvestris Productivity effect Soil organic carbon Tree species effect

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Controlled formation of gold nanoparticles with tunable plasmonic properties in tellurite glass

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Light(Science & Applications) 2023年第12期12卷 2788-2801页

作者： Yunle Wei Jiangbo Zhao Sindy Fuhrmann Roman Sajzew Lothar Wondraczek heike Ebendorff-Heidepriem Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing School of PhysicsChemistry and Earth SciencesThe University of AdelaideAdelaideSA 5005Australia School of Engineering University of HullHull HU67RXUK Institute of Glass Science and Technology TU Bergakademie Freiberg09599 FreibergGermany Otto Schott Institute of Materials Research University of Jena07743 JenaGermany Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology 07745 JenaGermany Center of Energy and Environmental Chemistry University of Jena07743 JenaGermany

Silicate glasses with metallic nanoparticles(nPs)have been of intense interest in art,science and technology as the plasmonic properties of these nPs equip glass with light modulation *** so-called striking technique has enabled precise control of the in situ formation of metallic nPs in silicate glasses for applications from coloured glasses to photonic *** tellurite glasses exhibit the unique combination of comparably easy fabrication,low phonon energy,wide transmission window and high solubility of luminescent rare earth ions,there has been a significant amount of work over the past two decades to adapt the striking technique to form gold or silver nPs in tellurite *** this effort,the striking technique has remained insufficient for tellurite glasses to form metal nPs suitable for photonic ***,we first uncover the challenges of the traditional striking technique to create gold nPs in tellurite ***,we demonstrate precise control of the size and concentration of gold nPs in tellurite glass by developing new approaches to both steps of the striking technique:a controlled gold crucible corrosion technique to incorporate gold ions in tellurite glass and a glass powder reheating technique to subsequently transform the gold ions to gold *** the Mie theory,the size,size distribution and concentration of the gold nPs formed in tellurite glass are determined from the plasmonic properties of the *** fundamental research provides guidance for designing and manipulating the plasmonic properties in tellurite glass for photonics research and applications.

关键词： tunable glasses glass

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Computational Design of Rare-Earth Reduced Permanent Magnets

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Engineering 2020年第2期6卷 148-153页

作者： Alexander Kovacs Johann Fischbacher Markus Gusenbauer Harald Oezelt heike C.Herper Olga Yu.Vekilova Pablo nieves Sergiu Arapan Thomas Schrefl Department for Integrated Sensor Systems Danube University KremsWiener Neustadt 2700Austria Department of Physics and Astronomy Uppsala UniversityUppsala 75120Sweden International Research Centre in Critical Raw Materials for Advanced Industrial Technologies University of BurgosBurgos 09001Spain IT4Innovations VSB-Technical University of OstravaOstrava-Poruba 70833Czech Republic

Multiscale simulation is a key research tool in the quest for new permanent *** with first principles methods,a sequence of simulation methods can be applied to calculate the maximum possible coercive field and expected energy density product of a magnet made from a novel magnetic material ***(Fe)-rich magnetic phases suitable for permanent magnets can be found by means of adaptive genetic *** intrinsic properties computed by ab initio simulations are used as input for micromagnetic simulations of the hysteresis properties of permanent magnets with a realistic *** machine learning techniques,the magnet’s structure can be optimized so that the upper limits for coercivity and energy density product for a given phase can be *** property relations of synthetic permanent magnets were computed for several candidate hard magnetic *** following pairs(coercive field(T),energy density product(kJ·m^-3))were obtained for iron-tin-antimony(Fe3Sn0.75Sb0.25):(0.49,290),L10-ordered iron-nickel(L10 Feni):(1,400),cobalt-iron-tantalum(CoFe6Ta):(0.87,425),and manganese-aluminum(MnAl):(0.53,80).

关键词： Rare-earth Permanent magnets Micromagnetics

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Tolerability of a Proprietary Larch Arabinogalactan Extract: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial in Healthy Subjects

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Food and nutrition Sciences 2012年第11期3卷 1533-1538页

作者： Barbara Grube heike Stier Linda Riede Joerg Gruenwald Analyze & Realize ag Waldseeweg 6 13467 Berlin Germany. Kurfürstendamm 157/158 10709 Berlin Germany

In a placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized clinical trial, the tolerability of a proprietary larch arabinogalactan preparation (ResistAidTM) was investigated. METHODS: 199 healthy participants were randomly assigned to receive either placebo (n = 98) or an arabinogalactan preparation (n = 101) over a period of 12 weeks. As safety parameters the total number of adverse events, changes in various biochemical and laboratory parameters as well as the global evaluation of tolerability by investigator and subjects compared to placebo were evaluated. RESULTS: In total 16 adverse events were observed in 16 subjects, with no difference between the arabinogalactan and the placebo group (p = 0.935). There were no differences in the mean changes of the measured biochemical and laboratory parameters. The tolerability of the arabinogalactan extract was rated as “very good” or “good” by the investigators for 99% of the subjects and by 98% subjects in self-assessment with no statistical differences to placebo. COnCLUSIOn: The measured parameters as well as the evaluation of the tolerability by the investigators and the subjects demonstrate a very good tolerance profile of the proprietary arabinogalactan extract with no differences to placebo when taken for 12 weeks.

关键词： Randomized Placebo-Controlled Study Proprietary Larch Arabinogalactan Safety Tolerability Resist AidTM

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Association of mineral and bone biomarkers with adverse cardiovascular outcomes and mortality in the German Chronic Kidney Disease(GCKD)cohort

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Bone Research 2023年第4期11卷 764-771页

作者： Katharina Charlotte Reimer Jennifer nadal heike Meiselbach Matthias Schmid Ulla T.Schultheiss Fruzsina Kotsis Helena Stockmann nele Friedrich Matthias nauck Vera Krane Kai-Uwe Eckardt Markus P.Schneider Rafael Kramann Jürgen Floege Turgay Saritas Department of nephrology Rheumatologyand Clinical ImmunologyUniversity Hospital RWTH AachenAachenGermany Institute of Experimental Medicine and Systems Biology RWTH Aachen UniversityAachenGermany Institute for Cell and Tumor Biology RWTH Aachen UniversityAachenGermany Institute of Medical Biometry Informatics and EpidemiologyUniversity Hospital of BonnBonnGermany Department of nephrology and Hypertension University of Erlangen-NürnbergErlangenGermany Institute of Genetic Epidemiology Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center-University of FreiburgFreiburgGermany Department of Medicine IV-nephrology and Primary Care Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center-University of FreiburgFreiburgGermany Department of nephrology and Medical Intensive Care Charité-Universitätsmedizin BerlinBerlinGermany Department of nephrology University Medical Center RegensburgRegensburgGermany Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine University Medicine GreifswaldGreifswaldGermany DZHK(German Centre for Cardiovascular Research) Partner Site GreifswaldUniversity MedicineGreifswaldGermany Department of Medicine I Division of NephrologyUniversity Hospital WürzburgWürzburgGermany

Mineral and bone disorder(MBD)in chronic kidney disease(CKD)is tightly linked to cardiovascular disease(CVD).In this study,we aimed to compare the prognostic value of nine MBD biomarkers to determine those associated best with adverse cardiovascular(CV)outcomes and *** 5217 participants of the German CKD(GCKD)study enrolled with an estimated glomerular filtration rate(eG FR)between 30–60 mL·min-1 per 1.73 m2 or overt proteinuria,serum osteoprotegerin(OPG),C-terminal fibroblast growth factor-23(FGF23),intact parathyroid hormone(iP TH),bone alkaline phosphatase(BAP),cross-linked C-telopeptide of type 1 collagen(CTX1),procollagen 1intact n-terminal propeptide(P1nP),phosphate,calcium,and 25-OH vitamin D were measured at *** with missing values among these parameters(n=971)were excluded,leaving a total of 4246 participants for *** a median follow-up of6.5 years,387 non-CV deaths,173 CV deaths,645 nonfatal major adverse CV events(MACEs)and 368 hospitalizations for congestive heart failure(CHF)were *** and FGF23 were associated with all outcomes,with the highest hazard ratios(HRs)for *** the final Cox regression model,adjusted for CV risk factors,including kidney function and all other investigated biomarkers,each standard deviation increase in OPG was associated with non-CV death(HR 1.76,95%CI:1.35–2.30),CV death(HR 2.18,95%CI:1.50–3.16),MACE(HR 1.38,95%CI:1.12–1.71)and hospitalization for CHF(HR 2.05,95%CI:1.56–2.69).Out of the nine biomarkers examined,stratification based on serum OPG best identified the CKD patients who were at the highest risk for any adverse CV outcome and mortality.

关键词： Kidney cardiovascular vitamin

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Uromedic^(■) Pumpkin Seed Derived Δ7-Sterols, Extract and Oil Inhibit 5α-Reductases and Bind to Androgen Receptor in Vitro

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Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2018年第6期9卷 193-207页

作者： Stefan Heim Stephanie Seibt heike Stier Margret I More Omega Pharma Manufacturing GmbH&Co.KG Benzstr.25HerrenbergGermany analyze & realize GmbH Department of Consulting and Strategic InnovationWaldseeweg 6BerlinGermany

Dihydrotestosterone (DHT) is implicated in the development of benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH). We investigated if Uromedic? pumpkin (variety of Cucurbita pepo L. convar. citrullinina GREB. var. styriaca GREB) seed soft extract (active ingredients of GRAnUFInK? Prosta forte 500 mg), seed oil and isolated Δ7-sterols could inhibit the conversion of [1,2,6,7-3H(n)]-testosterone to DHT by 5α-reductases. Also, we tested competition with [3H]-DHT for binding to the androgen receptor (AR). Pumpkin seed oil and pumpkin seed soft extract were identified as moderately active inhibitors of 5α-R1 and 5α-R2, with almost similar inhibitory capacities (IC50 5 mg/ml for 5α-R1 and about IC50 = 6 mg/ml for 5α-R2). The isolated Δ7-sterols were more active inhibitors (IC50 = 0.3 mg/ml for 5α-R1, IC50 = 1.0 mg/ml for 5α-R2). All three test compounds bound to the AR dose-dependently, with strong binding by Δ7-sterols (IC50 = 0.2 mg/ml) and weaker binding by pumpkin seed oil (IC50 = 0.4 mg/ml) and pumpkin seed soft extract (IC50 = 1.1 mg/ml). We propose that inhibition of 5α-reductases and competitive binding to the AR are mechanisms of action, by which the Uromedic? pumpkin seed derived test compounds, most specifically Δ7-sterols, counteract DHT and thereby exert clinically positive effects on the prostate, as well as bladder-strengthening effects.

关键词： 5-Alpha-Reductases 5α-R1 and 5α-R2 Androgen Receptor Dihydrotestosterone Uromedic? Pumpkin Seed Oil and Soft Extract (Delta-7) Δ7-Sterols

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A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled nutritional Study Using an Insoluble Yeast Beta-Glucan to Improve the Immune Defense System

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Food and nutrition Sciences 2012年第6期3卷 738-746页

作者： Hans-Joachim Graubaum Regina Busch heike Stier Joerg Gruenwald Analyze & Realize AG Berlin Germany.

Purpose: In a placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized clinical trial, the effect of an insoluble yeast beta-glucan preparation on the incidences of common colds and its effect on common cold symptoms were compared to placebo. Methods: 100 healthy participants with recurring infections were randomly assigned to receive either placebo or yeast beta-glucan (Yestimun?;n = 50 each group) over a period of 26 weeks. The subjects had to document each common cold episode in a diary, and rate 6 predefined infections symptoms on a 3-point rating scale during an infection period, resulting in an infection score. The common cold episodes were confirmed by the investigators. Results: A total of 171 common cold episodes were documented. Of these, 76 were experienced by 38 subjects in the beta-glucan group and 96 were experienced by 48 subjects in the placebo group (p = 0.406). The beta-glucan group had significantly more subjects without incidences of common cold than the placebo group (15.6% vs 2.0%;p = 0.019). During the most intense infection season (first 13 weeks of the study), the beta-glucan group had significantly less infections compared to placebo (p = 0.02). Beta-glucan significantly reduced the typical cold symptoms (“sore throat and/or difficulty swallowing”, “hoarseness and/or cough” and “runny nose”) as opposed to placebo. Conclusion: The present study demonstrates a prophylactic effect of yeast beta-glucan on the occurrence of common colds as opposed to placebo. In addition, when these episodes occurred, they were from the beginning less pronounced and subsided faster.

关键词： Randomized Placebo-Controlled Study Insoluble Yeast Beta-Glucan Common Cold Immune System

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帕博利珠单抗单用或与放疗联用治疗转移性非小细胞肺癌:两个随机试验的汇总分析

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中华肿瘤防治杂志 2021年第24期28卷 1841-1850页

作者：陈大卫(翻译) 于金明(校对) Willemijn S M E Theelen Vivek Verma Brian P Hobbs heike M U Peulen Joachim G J V Aerts Idris Bahce Anna Larissa n niemeijer Joe Y Chang Patricia M de Groot Quynh-nhu nguyen nathan I Comeaux George R Simon Ferdinandos Skoulidis Steven H Lin Kewen He Roshal Patel John Heymach Paul Baas James W Welsh 山东省肿瘤防治研究院(山东省肿瘤医院) 山东第一医科大学(山东省医学科学院)山东济南250117 不详 Department of Radiation Oncology The University of Texas M D Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTX 77030USA

背景放疗可以提高整个机体对免疫治疗的应答。在Ⅱ期PEMBRO-RT研究和Ⅰ/Ⅱ期MDACC研究中,患有转移性非小细胞肺癌(nSCLC)的患者被随机分配入组,接受免疫治疗(帕博利珠单抗)+放疗联合疗法,或免疫治疗单一疗法。当上述2个研究单独分析时,... 详细信息

背景放疗可以提高整个机体对免疫治疗的应答。在Ⅱ期PEMBRO-RT研究和Ⅰ/Ⅱ期MDACC研究中,患有转移性非小细胞肺癌(nSCLC)的患者被随机分配入组,接受免疫治疗(帕博利珠单抗)+放疗联合疗法,或免疫治疗单一疗法。当上述2个研究单独分析时,联合疗法组显示出潜在获益。由于每个研究的样本量较小,缓解率和结局并未显示出统计学意义,然而却有显著的临床获益。因此,本研究进行汇总分析,来判断放疗是否会改善转移性nSCLC患者的免疫治疗应答。方法PEMBRO-RT和MDACC研究纳入标准:患者年龄≥18岁,患有转移性nSCLC,且有≥1处未经放疗照射的病灶,以便进行射野外应答监测。PEMBRO-RT研究纳入曾接受过化疗患者,MDACC研究纳入曾接受过治疗或新诊断患者。2个研究中的患者均未接受过免疫治疗。在PEMBRO-RT研究中患者被等比例随机分配入组,并根据吸烟状态进行分层(分为nCT02492568)和MDACC研究(nCT02444741)均在***上注册。发现纳入148例患者,76例接受帕博利珠单抗治疗,72例接受帕博利珠单抗+放疗治疗。所有患者随访时间中位数为33个月[四分位距(IQR):32.4~33.6]。148例患者中124例(84%)组织学特征为非鳞癌,111例(75%)患者曾经接受过化疗。组间没有基线特征差异,包括PD-L1表达状态和转移灶体积。最常见的照射部位为肺转移灶(39%,28/72)、胸腔内淋巴结(21%,15/72)和非原发灶(17%,12/72)。帕博利珠单抗组和联合治疗组的最佳ARR分别为19.7%(15/76)和41.7%(30/72),OR=2.96,95%CI:1.42~6.20,P=0.0039;最佳ACR分别为43.4%(33/76)和65.3%(47/72),OR=2.51,95%CI:1.28~4.91,P=0.0071;PFS中位数分别为4.4(IQR:2.9~5.9)和9.0个月(IQR:6.8~11.2),HR=0.67,95%CI:0.45~0.99,P=0.045;OS中位数分别为8.7(IQR:6.4~11.0)和19.2个月(IQR:14.6~23.8),OR=0.67,95%CI:0.54~0.84,P=0.0004。在汇总分析中没有发现新的安全问题。解读帕博利珠单抗免疫疗法+放疗显著提高转移性nSCLC患者的应答和改善治疗结局。这些结果需要在三期临床试验中进行验证。

关键词：帕博利珠单抗非小细胞肺癌放疗汇总分析

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The Endocannabinoid,Anandamide,Induces Cannabinoid Receptor-Independent Cell Death in Renal Proximal Tubule Cells

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CellBio 2017年第4期6卷 35-55页

作者： Monika Schlosser heike Loser Soren V.Siegmund Manuel Montesinos-Rongen Laura Bindila Beat Lutz David A.Barrett Sarir Sarmad Catharine A.Ortori Veronika Grau Melanie von Brandenstein Jochen W.U.Fries Institute of Urology University Hospital of CologneCologneGermany Institute of Pathology University Hospital of CologneCologneGermany Department of Internal Medicine I University of BonnBonnGermany Institute of neuropathology University Hospital of CologneCologneGermany Institute of Physiological Chemistry Medical Centre of Johannes Gutenberg UniversityMainzGermany Centre for Analytical Bioscience School of PharmacyUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK Department of General and Thoracic Surgery Justus-Liebig-University GiessenGiessenGermany

Background: The endocannabinoid (EC) system is well characterized in the central nervous system but scarcely studied in peripheral organs. In this paper, we newly identify the effect of the EC anandamide (AEA) upon renal proximal tubule cells. Methods: Measurement of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release after treatment of primary renal proximal tubule cells (RPTEC) and renal carcinoma cell line (Caki-1) with AEA, arachidonic acid (AA), ethanolamide (EtAm), EC receptor CB1 antagonist (AM251), CB2 receptor antagonist (SR144528), TRPV1 receptor antagonist (capsazepine), degradation enzyme fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) antagonist (URB597), antioxidants GSH-EE;Trolox, GSH depletor BSO, membrane cholesterol depletor (MCD), apoptosis inhibitor zVAD, necroptosis inhibitor nec-1 or ferroptosis inhibitor Fer-1. Western blot and qRT-PCR analysis plus determination of reactive oxygen species (ROS) via H2-DCFDA were performed. Histology for EC enzymes, n-acetylphosphatidylethanolamine-hydrolyzing phospholipase D (nAPE-PLD) and FAAH, as well as the determination of physiological levels of ECs in human and rat renal tissue via liquid chromatography were conducted. Results: AEA both dose- and time-dependently induces cell death in RPTEC and Caki-1 within hours, characterized by cell blebbing, not influenced by blocking the described EC receptors by AM251, SR144528, capsazepine or FAAH by URB597 or MCD. Cell death is mediated via ROS. There is no difference found in the histology of the enzymes FAAH and nAPE-PLD in human renal tissue with interstitial nephritis. Blocking of apoptotic, necroptotic or ferroptotic cell death does not lead to a reduction in LDH release in vitro. Conclusion: The endocannabinoid anandamide induces cell death in renal proximal tubule cell in a time- and dose-dependent manner. This pathway is mediated via ROS and is independent of cannabinoid receptors, membrane cholesterol or FAAH activity.

关键词： Anandamide Cell Death RPTEC Caki-1 Endocannabinoid Receptor

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补充维生素D预防骨折——随机对照试验汇总分析

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美国医学会杂志（中文版） 2006年第4期25卷 248-248页

作者： heike A. Bischoff-Ferrari Waiter C. Willett John B. Wong 苗峥（译）

背景：对于脊椎以外的骨折而言，补充口服维生素D的预防作用和用量仍无定论。目的：评估补充维生素D在预防老年髋骨骨折和非脊椎骨折方面的效果。数据来源：使用MEDLInE、Cochrance对照试验记录（1960～2005年）以及EMBASE（1991-2005... 详细信息

背景：对于脊椎以外的骨折而言，补充口服维生素D的预防作用和用量仍无定论。目的：评估补充维生素D在预防老年髋骨骨折和非脊椎骨折方面的效果。数据来源：使用MEDLInE、Cochrance对照试验记录（1960～2005年）以及EMBASE（1991-2005年），对英文和非英文文章进行系统回顾。通过与临床专家接触，通过检索美国社会骨和骨矿研究协会提供的参考文献和摘要（1995～2004年）．进一步寻找更多的研究。检索词包括随机对照试验（randomized controlled trial，RCT）、临床对照试验、随机分配、双盲法、维生素D3、维生素D2；25-羟基维生素D、骨折、人类、老年、摔倒和骨密度。研究选取：纳入的研究仅限于口服补充维生素D（维生素D3、维生素D2、补钙或不补钙）与补钙或安慰剂比较的双盲RCTs。试验于检查髋部骨折或非脊椎骨折的老年人（年龄≥60岁）中进行。数据提取：两位作者根据预先规定独立提取相关数据，其中包括研究质量指标。数据综合：所有的汇总分析均以随机效应模型为基础。5项有关髋部骨折的RCTs（n=9294）和7项有关非脊椎骨折危险的RCTs（n=9820）符合我们的纳入标准。所有试验均使用了维生素D3。对髋部和非脊椎骨折预防研究的异质性亦进行观察，用低剂量（400IU／d）和高剂量（700～800IU／d）分别合并RCTs后异质性消失。与补钙或安慰剂相比，每天服700～800IU的维生素D可使髋部骨折的相对危险（relative risk，aa）下降26％（3项RCTs共计5572人；RR，0．74；95％可信区间[confidence interval，CI]，0．61～0．88），使非脊椎骨折的相对危险下降23％（5项RCTs共计6098人；RR，0．77；95％CI，0．68～0．87）。每天服400IU的维生素D（2项RCTs共计3722人；髋部骨折RR，1．15；95％CI，0．88～1．50；非脊椎骨折RR，1．03；95％CI，0．86—1．24）未见明显获益。结论：口服补充维生素D（700～800IU／d）可以降低尚能活动的老人或慈善机构收容的老年人发生髋部骨折和脊椎以外骨折的危险，每天口服400IU维生素D并不足以预防骨折。

关键词：随机对照试验维生素D3 脊椎骨折预防作用汇总分析 25-羟基维生素D interval 临床对照试验 MEDLInE 髋部骨折

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