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Improved source assessment of Si,Al and related mineral components to PM_(10) based on a daily sampling procedure

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2010年第4期22卷 582-588页

作者： Ge Peng Hans Puxbaum heidi Bauer Nicole Jankowski Yao Shi Chemical Engineering College Ningbo University of Technology Ningbo 315016 China. Institute for Chemical Technologies and Analytics Vienna University of Technology Vienna 1060 Austria College of Environmental and Resource Sciences Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China

Samples obtained from an industrialized valley in the East Alpine region were collected daily for a half year and analyzed using X-ray fluorescence to examine the elements Si, Al, fe, Ca, Mg, Na, K, Zn, P, S and Cl. Some factors affecting the changes of these elements were considered, including time, elemental correlations, weekday, weekend and seasonal changes. Diagnostic analysis provided an insight into a decoupling behavior that occursin siliceous and carbonates minerals. A decrease in Si and Al and an increase in carbonates, Na, K, Zn and P were observed during the cold season. However, a consistently high correlation of Si and Al was observed in all seasons. It was established that such high levels originated from street surface abrasion. The increase in variability and absolute levels of carbonates during the cold season was demonstrated by adding carbonates to the street surface as gritting material to increase the grip on snowy surfaces. A marked increase in Na and Cl was observed in winter which may have been caused by thaw salt that is widely used in winter in Austria. This was associated with a significant increase in K, Zn, and P in the cold season that was the result of domestic space heating with wood. PM10 levels in December were 12 μ/m^3 and were higher than levels detected in July. It was established that such high levels originated from mineral oxides, wood smoke, and inorganic ionic material（s）.

关键词： particulate matter PM10 mineral aerosol silicates carbonates street dust wood combustion thaw salt

A new fractal algorithm to model discrete sequences

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Chinese Physics B 2010年第9期19卷 274-278页

作者：翟明岳 heidi Kuzuma James W. Rector School of EE Engineering North China Electric Power University Department of Civil Engineering University of California Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory

Employing the properties of the affine mappings, a very novel fractal model scheme based on the iterative function system is proposed. We obtain the vertical scaling factors by a set of the middle points in each affine transform, solving the difficulty in determining the vertical scaling factors, one of the most difficult challenges faced by the fractal interpolation. The proposed method is carried out by interpolating the known attractor and the real discrete sequences from seismic data. The results show that a great accuracy in reconstruction of the known attractor and seismic profile is found, leading to a significant improvement over other fractal interpolation schemes.

关键词： fractal interpolation the vertical scaling factors iterative function system seismic data

Application of microprobe-based flank method analysis of fe^3＋ in garnet ofNorth Qilian eclogite and its geological implication

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Science Bulletin 2018年第5期63卷 300-305页

作者： Xiaoli Li Shuguang Song Lifei Zhang E. heidi Hofer The Key Laboratory of Orogenic Belts and Crustal Evolution MOE School of Earth and Space Sciences Peking University Beijing 100871 China Institut fur Geowissenschaften Facheinheit Mineralogie Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universitat D-60054 Germany

A newly developed microprobe-based methodology(the flank Method)for fe^(3+)/Rfe quantification has been successfully applied to some natural garnets from the North Qilian eclogites by JEOL JXA-8100microprobe at Peking *** results demonstrated an obvious discrepancy in comparison with the outcomes by conventional stoichiometric *** methodology allows to measure thefe^(3+)/Rmeasurement of fe^(3+)According to the compositional zonation displayed in the studied eclogitic garnets from North Qilian,a prograde metamorphic°C to 22 kbar,600°C was *** interestingly,the measured fe^(3+)/Rfe ratios in garnets decreasing from core to rim may probably imply that the oxygen fugacity(f O_2)declines with the depth of the subduction zone.

关键词： Microprobe flank method ferric iron GarnetNorth Qilian eclogite

Neutralizing antibodies in hepatitis C virus infection

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第36期13卷 4824-4830页

作者： Mirjam B Zeisel Samira fafi-Kremer Isabel fofana heidi Barth franoise Stoll-Keller Michel Doffo■l Thomas f Baumert Inserm U748Strasbourg France Université Louis Pasteur Strasbourg France Liver Diseases Branch National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases National Institutesof Health Bethesda MD United States Universitaires de Strasbourg Strasbourg France Service d'Hépatogastro-entérologie Hpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major cause of hepatitis world-wide. The majority of infected individuals develop chronic hepatitis which can then progress to liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Spontaneous viral clearance occurs in about 20%-30% of acutely infected individuals and results in resolution of infection without sequaelae. Both viral and host factors appear to play an important role for resolution of acute infection. A large body of evidence suggests that a strong, multispecific and long-lasting cellular immune response appears to be important for control of viral infection in acute hepatitis C. Due too the lack of convenient neutralization assays, the impact of neutralizing responses for control of viral infection had been less defined. In recent years, the development of robust tissue culture model systems for HCV entry and infection has finally allowed study of antibody-mediated neutralization and to gain further insights into viral targets of host neutralizing responses. In addition, detailed analysis of antibody-mediated neutralization in individual patients as well as cohorts with well defined viral isolates has enabled the study of neutralizing responses in the course of HCV infection and characterization of the impact of neutralizing antibodiesfor control of viral infection. This review will summarize recent progress in the understanding of the molecular mechanisms of antibody-mediated neutralization and its impact for HCV pathogenesis.

关键词： Hepatitis C virus Virus-host cell interaction Viral entry Neutralizing antibodies

Production network flexibility:case study of Norwegian diary production network

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Advances in Manufacturing 2015年第2期3卷 151-165页

作者： Taravatsadat Nehzati heidi C.Dreyer Jan Ola Strandhagen Department of Production and Quality Engineering Norwegian University of Science and Technology

By increasing advances in the production net- works planning, understanding of relations and dynamics of production networks is gaining more attention in order to use all network capabilities. To achieve this under- standing, it is not only important to have a good under- standing of individual firm＇s manufacturing flexibility next to supply chain flexibility, but also to consider the internal （among production network＇s facilities） and external （other tiers of supply chain） relationships in a production network. Studying the production network＇s flexibility dimensions facilitates the effective use of the synergy of cooperation in the network. On other words, the potential in the network structure cannot be exploited unless the planning and control of network consider the available flexibility of network and operationalize the opportunities which arise. This paper identifies different dimensions of flexibility in a production network and describes how they can support firms in responding to customers＇ needs. This research employs exploratory and descriptive approaches and uses a single case study of Norwegian diary to capture the dynamics of production networks. Three product categories with different network characteristics are selected, and the identified network flexibility dimensions are investigated for these products. The status of case company under each flexibility dimension is presented and discussed.

关键词： Production network flexibility Planning Capacity Inventory

Effects of temperature and hydric environment on survival of the Panamanian Golden frog infected with a pathogenic chytrid fungus

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Integrative Zoology 2010年第2期5卷 143-153页

作者： heidi M.BUSTAMANTE Lauren J.LIVO Cynthia CAREY Department of Integrative Physiology University of ColoradoBoulderColoradoUSA

Considerable controversy exists concerning whether or not climate changes(particularly global warming)are causing outbreaks of a lethal amphibian pathogen,the chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis(Longcore,Pessier&*** 1999).In the present study,groups of Panamanian golden frogs(Atelopus zeteki Dunn,1993),a critically endangered amphibian thought to be nearly extinct in Panama,were exposed to varying dosages of zoospores of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis,temperatures and hydric environments in order to learn whether this species is susceptible to this pathogen and,if so,how environmental factors affect *** pathogen proved to be highly lethal for *** exposed to a dosage of 100 Bd zoospores survived significantly(Pfrogs housed at 23℃survived significantly(Pfrogs held in dry conditions survived significantly longer than those in wet conditions(Pf these frogs in the field,but they inform the discussion about how environmental conditions can have an impact on the interaction between a susceptible amphibian and this *** data do not support the contention that rising global temperatures are necessary to cause the death of amphibians infected with this pathogen because the pathogen was equally lethal at 17 as at 23℃,and frogs at the warmer temperature lived significantly longer than those at the cooler one.

关键词： amphibian declines Atelopus zeteki Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis chytridiomycosis climatelinked-epidemic hypothesis

Applied and Environmental Chemistry of Animal Manure:A Review

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Pedosphere 2016年第6期26卷 779-816页

作者： Zhongqi HE Paulo H.PAGLIARI heidi M.WALDRIP USDA-ARS Southern Regional Research Center Department of Soil Waterand ClimateUniversity of MinnesotaSouthwest Research and Outreach Center USDA-ARS Conservation and Production Research Laboratory

Animal manure consists of predominantly urine and feces, but also may contain bedding materials, dropped feed, scurf, and other farming wastes. Manure is typically applied to soils as fertilizer for agricultural production. The estimated amount of manure produced in 12 major livestock-producing countries is 9 × 10^9 Mg of manure annually. Manure is rich in plant nutrients. However, manure is also considered as an environmental pollutant when it is over-applied to cropland or following runoff into surface water. Manure can also influence global climate change via emissions of methane （CH4） and nitrous oxide （N2O）. Thus, increased and updated knowledge of applied and environmental chemistry of animal manure is needed to shed light on the research and development of animal manure utilization and minimization of its adverse environmental concerns. The advances in basic and applied studies of manure major components, organic matter, phosphorus, and nitrogen, primarily related to US livestock production are summarized in this review. Detailed focus was placed on three notable challenges for future manure research： 1） soil application of animal manure, 2） manure phytate phosphorus, and 3） manure nitrogen availability. This review may contribute to the global effort in sustainable and environmentally sound agriculture by stimulating new ideas and directions in animal manure research, and promoting application of knowledge and insight derived from manure research into improved manure management strategies.

关键词： environmental pollutant fertilizer nitrogen availability organic matter phosphorus phytate plant nutrients

Stool therapy may become a preferred treatment of recurrent Clostridium difficile?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第29期19卷 4635-4637页

作者： Dinesh Vyas heidi E L'Esperance Arpita Vyas Department of Surgery College of Human Medicine Michigan State University East Lansing MI 48912 United States Department of Pediatrics College of Human Medicine Michigan State University East Lansing MI 48912 United States

fecal enemas were first reported to successfully treat life threatening enterocolitis in 1958, but fecal therapy to treat Clostridium difficile (C. difficile ) infection has remained esoteric and not well investigated until recently. In the past few years, systematic reviews of case series and case reports of fecal microbiota transplant for recurrent C. difficile infection have become available and validate use of fecal transplant for C. difficile enterocolitis. Methods of fecal transplant reported in the literature include: nasogastric tube, gastroscope, duodenal tube, colonoscopy, rectal tube, and fecal enemas administered at home; no method has been shown to be superior. A recent randomized study published in New England Journal of Medicine found fecal transplant to be superior to oral vancomycin alone in treatment of recurrent C. difficile enterocolitis. The significance of this trial cannot be underestimated as it lends credibility to the idea of intentionally using microbes to combat disease, providing an alternative to the older paradigm of disease eradication through use of antimicrobials.

关键词： Clostridium difficile Enterocolitis Pseudomembranous fecal transplantation Vancomycin

Preface for the article collection “Ecohydrological Processes and Ecosystem Services”

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Ecological Processes 2018年第1期7卷 78-80页

作者： Ge Sun Dennis W.Hallema heidi Asbjornsen Eastern forest Environmental Threat Assessment Center Southern Research StationU.S.Department of Agriculture Forest Service920 Main Campus Dr.Suite 300RaleighNC 27606USA Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education U.S.Department of EnergyOak RidgeTNUSA Institute for the Study of Earth Oceansand SpaceUniversity of New HampshireDurhamNHUSA

Water is essential to life on ***,the study of interactions between ecological and hydrological processes,is fundamental to our understanding and quantification of services provided by *** knowledge of ecohydrology is incomplete due to the complex nature of ecosystems,which are constantly changing under multiple stresses from air pollution to climate change,from deforestation to urbanization,and from soil erosion to soil *** services,the goods and services that ecosystems provide for human wellbeing,are increasingly adopted as a framework worldwide for ecological restoration and conservation,watershed management,and sustainable development policy making.

关键词： services soil Services