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Deeper Chemical Perceptions for Better Traditional Chinese Medicine Standards

Engineering 2019年第1期5卷 83-97页

作者： Jin-Jun Hou Jian-Qing Zhang Chang-Liang Yao Rudolf bauer Ikhlas A. Khan Wan-Ying Wu De-an Guo Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine National Engineering Laboratory for TCM Standardization Technology Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201203 China Department of Pharmacognosy Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences Karl-Franzens-Universitat Graz Graz A-8010 Austria National Center for Natural Products Research School of Pharmacy The University of Mississippi University MS 38677 USA

Traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs), a complex system of natural resources with many diverse components, are widely used as approved medicinal agents in China. Quality control of TCMs is a huge challenge for the government and for testing institutes and is associated with numerous scientific issues. Among these considerations include the following questions: How many components are in TCMs? How can the multiple components in TCMs be comprehensively delineated and subsequently characterized? What is the level and range of these (active) metabolites within these multiple-component TCMs, in order to recommend standards? and What are the qualities required for a marker constituent to be selected, and from a practical perspective, how can these components be assessed with low cost and in a short time? All of these factors require significant and deep thinking in order to understand the individualistic chemistry of TCM in order to develop enhanced TCM quality standards for improved and consistent patient care. In this review, the latest exploratory research in TCM chemistry analytical techniques and methods is summarized in order to begin to develop responses to these scientific issues. Advances in these methods have included multidimensional separation for liquid chromatography–high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC–HRMS), smart triggering data-dependent acquisition of LC–HRMS, target analysis with liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS), supercritical fluid chromatography, and data mining of large mass spectrometry (MS) datasets. In addition, two quality strategies have been introduced in order to save reference standards and the analysis time for a TCM quality standard, including the application of the single standard to determine multi-components (SSDMC) and monomethodheterotrait matrix methods. Finally, a series of future improvements for analytical methods for TCMs are proposed.

关键词： Traditional Chinese medicine Liquid chromatography Mass spectrometry Data-dependent acquisition Chemometrics Untargeted Data mining Quality control

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匠心独运的注塑、组装一体化生产单元

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工程塑料应用 2007年第5期35卷 85-85页

作者： Reinhard bauer 奥地利Engel公司奥地利Schwertberg

位于奥地利Klagenfurt的菲利普DAP产品分部在研发女士脱毛器上的冰敷器时,通过创新型思维方式、模具设计制造与注塑工艺部门间出色的团队合作,推出了极其节省空间的注塑/组装一体化单元。这种创新设计源自对Engel公司无拉杆式注塑机潜... 详细信息

位于奥地利Klagenfurt的菲利普DAP产品分部在研发女士脱毛器上的冰敷器时,通过创新型思维方式、模具设计制造与注塑工艺部门间出色的团队合作,推出了极其节省空间的注塑/组装一体化单元。这种创新设计源自对Engel公司无拉杆式注塑机潜力的不断挖掘。

关键词：脱毛器冰敷奥地利注塑机注射机塑料成型加工设备金属块无拉杆冷却液蓄冷材料菲利普

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Brown Algae (Phaeophyceae) from the Coast of Madagascar:preliminary Bioactivity Studies and Isolation of Natural Products

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Natural Products and Bioprospecting 2015年第5期5卷 223-235页

作者： Marie Pascaline Rahelivao Margit Gruner Hanta Andriamanantoanina Ingmar bauer Hans-Joachim Knolker Department Chemie Technische Universitat DresdenBergstraße 6601069 DresdenGermany Centre National de Recherche sur l’Environnement MESupResBP 1739101 AntananarivoMadagascar

Eight species of brown algae(Phaeophyceae)from the coast of Madagascar have been investigated for their chemical ***(3)was obtained as the most abundant *** brown alga Sargassum ilicifolium was the source for the first isolation of the terpenoid C27-alcohol 1,10,2-trinorsqualenol(1)from marine *** *** we isolated the highly unsaturated glycolipid 1-O-palmitoyl-2-O-stearidonoyl-3-O-β-D-galactopyranosylglycerol(4)and we report the first full assignment of its ^(1)H and ^(13)C NMR ***-90-fucoxanthinone(8)along with 24-ketocholesterol(5),(22E)-3b-hydroxycholesta-5,22-dien-24-one(6),and saringosterol(7)were obtained from Turbinaria *** crude extracts of all eight species of brown algae exhibited a pronounced antimicrobial activity against the Gram-positive bacteria Bacillus cereus,Staphylococcus aureus,and Streptococcus pneumoniae.

关键词： Brown algae Steroids Terpenoids NMR spectroscopy Antimicrobial activity

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Male Tibetan macaques' (Macaca thibetana) choice of infant bridging partners

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Zoological Research 2014年第3期35卷 222-230页

作者： Briana bauer Lori K. SHEERAN Megan D. MATHESON Jin-Hua LI R. Steven WAGNER Primate Behavior and Ecology Program Central Washington University Department of Anthropology Central Washington University Department of Psychology Central Washington University School of Resources and Environment Anhui University School of Life Sciences Anhui Normal University Department of Biological Sciences Central Washington University

Adult male Tibetan(Macaca thibetana), Barbary(M. sylvanus), and stump-tailed macaques(M. arctoides) engage in bridging, a ritualized infant-handling behavior. Previous researchers found a bias toward the use of male infants for this behavior, but its function is debated. Explanations include three hypotheses: paternal care, mating effort, and agonistic buffering. We studied a group of habituated, provisioned Tibetan macaques to test whether adult males' affiliative relationships with females predicted their use of an infant for bridging. We also examined biases for sex, age, and individual in males' choice of bridging infant. We collected data via all occurrences, focal animal, and scan methods, from August to September 2011 at the Valley of the Wild Monkeys, China. We found that male infants were significantly preferred over females for bridging, but of three male infants in the group, only one was used by all males, while one male infant was used less often than expected. Adult males had females they were significantly more likely to be proximate to and/or to groom, but these corresponded to the mother of the bridging infant for only one male. Our results are most consistent with the agonistic buffering hypothesis: lower-ranked males used the alpha male's preferred bridging infant in an attempt to regulate their interactions with the alpha.

关键词：藏猕猴短尾猴桥接婴儿合作伙伴雄性研究人员亲和关系

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Vacancy Aggregation in Diamond Films grown in CH4＋H2 Atmosphere by MPCVD

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Chinese Physics Letters 2007年第12期24卷 3502-3505页

作者：刘燕燕张庆瑜 Elizabeth bauer-GROSSE State Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser Ion and Electron Beams Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 Laboratoire de Science et Gdnie des Surfaces UMR 7570 Ecole des Mines Parc de Saurupt Nancy Cedex 54042 Prance

Transmission electron microscopy is applied to study the diamond film grown in a C114 and 1t2 gaseous mixture by microwave plasma assisted chemical vapour deposition. Defects in the nanometre scale, dislocation loops, are first observed in diamond films. The dislocation loops are found to be of co-existence with planar defects and are next to the planar defects for {111} faceting grains. A possible mechanism is suggested to interpret the co-existence of dislocation loops with planar defects.

关键词： thermoelectric half-Heusler compounds thermal conductivity

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Controlled Environment Agriculture and Its Ability to Mitigate Food Insecurity

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Agricultural Sciences 2023年第2期14卷 298-315页

作者： Aubrey Lynn Garcia Mya Alexandria Catherine Griffith George Paul Buss Xiusheng Yang John L. Griffis Sarah bauer Ankit Kumar Singh Department of Ecology and Environmental Studies The Water School Florida Gulf Coast University Fort Myers FL USA Department of Marine and Earth Sciences The Water School Florida Gulf Coast University Fort Myers FL USA Department of Natural Resources and the Environment University of Connecticut Storrs CT USA Department of Environmental and Civil Engineering Mercer University Macon GA USA

The research objective of this review is to discuss the rationale that led to the development of Controlled Environment Agriculture (CEA) and investigate this agricultural approach as a potential solution to mitigate the increased pressures on food security. It describes the need for urban cultivation systems using controlled environments and how they can be harnessed to address pressures facing food security. The factors that have contributed to the growth of CEAs, education, environmental justice, and the advantages and disadvantages of growing crops in CEAs in urban areas will be discussed. The article reviews global urban cultivation systems using controlled environments, by identifying the technologies needed to establish them. The practice of CEA is being increasingly adopted worldwide and we describe urban agriculture and compare it with traditional growing systems. Indoor farming systems that integrate into existing urban infrastructure such as vertical farming and plant factories using CEAs are discussed. Indoor farming gives urban areas enhanced access to food sources, but the cost is high, however decreasing due to recent technological advances. The current review extends the literature by incorporating recent research on the topic of agriculture in urban areas and food security. This review seeks to provide additional information regarding the viability of CEA in urban areas.

关键词： Controlled Environment Agriculture Environmental Education Environmental Justice Food Deserts Urban Agriculture

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下一代太阳能光热电站中熔融氯盐技术研发进展

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Engineering 2021年第3期 137-167页

作者：丁文进 Thomas bauer Institute of Engineering Thermodynamics German Aerospace Center (DLR)

结合热能储存（TES,以下简称储热）的太阳能光热发电（concentrated solar power, CSP）技术是未来可再生能源系统中最具应用前景的发电技术之一,其可高效利用资源丰富但具间歇性的太阳能,为人们提供稳定可调度且低成本的电力。为了大... 详细信息

结合热能储存（TES,以下简称储热）的太阳能光热发电（concentrated solar power, CSP）技术是未来可再生能源系统中最具应用前景的发电技术之一,其可高效利用资源丰富但具间歇性的太阳能,为人们提供稳定可调度且低成本的电力。为了大幅度降低现有商业光热电站的平准化发电成本（levelized cost of electricity, LCOE）,人们正在开发具有更高运行温度和发电效率的新一代CSP技术。与目前商业熔融硝酸盐储热系统相比,下一代CSP电站中的储热系统通过使用新型储热材料可在更高的温度（> 565℃）下运行。本文首先介绍了下一代CSP技术及其储热技术的研发进展,之后重点介绍了基于熔融氯盐（如Mg Cl2/NaCl/KCl混合盐）的先进储热技术。Mg Cl2/NaCl/KCl具有与商业熔融硝酸盐相似的热物性、更高的热稳定性（>800℃）和更低的材料成本(<0.35 USD·kg–1)。本文综述了熔融氯盐储热技术中混合氯盐的选择与优化、储热相关物性的测定,以及系统中使用的结构材料（如合金）的熔盐腐蚀控制等方面的最新研究进展。

关键词：太阳能太阳能光热发电(CSP) 热能储存(TES) 导热流体(HTF) 超临界二氧化碳(sCO2)动力循环腐蚀控制

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Financial Statements of Banks as a Source of Information About Implementation of IFRS 15： The Evidence from Poland

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Journal of Modern Accounting and Auditing 2017年第6期13卷 235-248页

作者： Kinga bauer Giovanna Centorrino Cracow University of Economics Krakow Poland University of Messina Messina Italy

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Systemic-to-pulmonary artery pressure ratio as a predictor of patient outcome following liver transplantation

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World Journal of Hepatology 2016年第32期8卷 1384-1391页

作者： Annette Rebel Dung Nguyen Brooke bauer Paul A Sloan Amy DiLorenzo Zaki-Udin Hassan Department of Anesthesiology and Surgery Medical Center N 202University of Kentucky

AIM To assess the value of the mean systemic-to-pulmonary artery pressure(MAP/m PAP) ratio for predicting outcomes following orthotopic liver transplant(OLT). METHODS A retrospective data analysis was performed and data(mean arterial blood pressure, mean pulmonary artery pressure and Cardiac Index) were collected at several points during OLT. Outcomes evaluated were duration of postoperative endotracheal intubation [ET; minutes after intensive care unit(ICU) arrival], length of ICU stay, total hospitalization and frequency of immediate postoperative complications. A total of 91 patients were included in the data analysis. Based on the intraoperative course of the MAP/m PAP ratio, 2 hemodynamic responses were identified: Group 1(MAP/m PAP ratio increase during anhepatic period with postreperfusion recovery, n = 66); and Group 2(MAP/m PAP ratio with no change during anhepatic period or decreased without recovery, n = 25). RESULTS The main finding was that the lack of increased MAP/m PAP ratio in the anhepatic period was associated with:(1) longer intubation times; and(2) prolonged ICU stays and total hospitalization time, when compared to patients with an increase in MAP/m PAP ratio during the anhepatic period. CONCLUSION The data from this retrospective study should raise awareness to the mean systemic to pulmonary artery pressure ratio as a potential indicator for poor outcome after OLT. Further prospective studies are needed for validation.

关键词：麻醉学肝移植正确的心功能结果病态

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稀释燃烧的火焰稳定性

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燃烧科学与技术 2009年第2期15卷 103-108页

作者：刘玉英 MOST Jean-Michel bauer Philippe 杨茂林北京航空航天大学能源与动力工程学院北京100083 法国国家科学研究中心燃烧与爆炸实验室普瓦捷86961法国

采用实验研究的方法探讨了反应物预热温度与稀释率两个因素对稀释燃烧火焰稳定性的影响.实验以氮气稀释的甲烷-空气对冲扩散火焰为研究对象,确定了不同反应物预热温度与氧化剂稀释率(氧气体积分数)时火焰的熄火极限,结果表明,增大反应... 详细信息

采用实验研究的方法探讨了反应物预热温度与稀释率两个因素对稀释燃烧火焰稳定性的影响.实验以氮气稀释的甲烷-空气对冲扩散火焰为研究对象,确定了不同反应物预热温度与氧化剂稀释率(氧气体积分数)时火焰的熄火极限,结果表明,增大反应物预热温度拓宽了火焰稳定燃烧区域,而增加氧化剂稀释率(降低氧气体积分数)会降低稀释火焰的稳定性,二者对火焰稳定性的影响作用相反.为了进一步分析反应物预热温度与稀释率对火焰稳定性的影响程度,引入了估算的Damk hler数,分析表明,在实验研究范围内,反应物预热温度对火焰稳定性的影响比稀释率的影响显著,是火焰稳定性的主要影响因素.

关键词：对冲火焰稀释燃烧稳定性熄火极限

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