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Open Journal of Immunology 2011年第3期1卷 97-102页

作者： Viviane Balloy heidi Nagel Reuben Ramphal Mustapha Si-Tahar Michel Chignard 不详

Background: We previously showed that MyD88 knocked out mice were protected from death due to B. cenocepacia pneumonia implying that a toll-like receptor(s) (TLR) was involved in mediating death. The aim of the present study was to determine which TLR(s) was involved in triggering the inflammatory response responsible for the pathogenesis. We specifically focus on the TLRs 4 and 5, as these two receptors are the main ones involved in the recognition of P. aeruginosa, a flagellated Gram-bacterium similar to B. cenocepacia. Methods: Mice were infected intratracheally with a suspension of B. ceno-cepacia. Animals were then observed daily for signs of morbidity. Alternatively, bronchoalveolar lavages (BAL) were collected at different time points to further determine cytokine con-centrations and the number of CFU of B. ceno-cepacia. Results: The data clearly indicate that the innate immune response of the host to B. cenocepacia lung infection was due to TLR4 that senses the pathogen while TLR5 does not do so in vivo. As with the MyD88-/- strain, TLR4-/- mice were protected from death and cytokine and chemokine synthesis to infection were reduced. The only paradoxical observation was the reduced pathogen burden in the case of TLR4-/- mice compared to the enhanced (but transient) pathogen burden observed with MyD88-/- mice, suggesting that another TLR was involved in bacterial clearance. Conclusion: The data clearly demonstrate a deleterious implication of TLR4 in the host to B. cenocepacia lung infection.

关键词： Rodent Bacterial Inflammation Innate Immunity Lung

Theory of a Mach Effect Thruster II

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Journal of Modern Physics 2015年第13期6卷 1868-1880页

作者： heidi Fearn Nolan van Rossum Keith Wanser James F. Woodward Department of Physics California State University Fullerton Fullerton CA USA Department of Aerospace Engineering Iowa State University Ames IA USA

According to Einstein, General Relativity contains the essence of Mach’s ideas. Mach’s principle can be summarized by stating that the inertia of a body is determined by the rest of the mass-energy content of the universe. Inertia here arises from mass-energy there. The latter, was a statement made by John Wheeler in his 1995 book, Gravitation and Inertia, coauthored by Ciufolini. Einstein believed that to be fully Machian, gravity would need a radiative component, an action-at-a-distance character, so that gravitational influences on a body from far away could be felt immediately. In 1960’s, Hoyle and Narlikar (HN) developed such a theory which was a gravitational version of the Absorber theory derived by Wheeler-Feynman for classical electrodynamics and later expanded upon by Davies and Narlikar for quantum electrodynamics. The HN-field equation has the same type of mass fluctuation terms as in the Woodward Mach effect thruster theory. The force equation, used to predict the thrust in our device, can be derived from the mass fluctuation. We outline a new method for deriving the force equation. We present new experimental tests of the thruster to show that the thrust seen in our device is not due to either heating or Dean Drive effects. Successful replications have been performed by groups in Austria and Canada, but their work is still pending in the peer review literature.

关键词： Mach Effect Drive Transient Mass Fluctuations Mach’s Principle Action at a Distance Advanced Waves Event Horizon

Metal Nanoparticle Modified Polysulfone Membranes for Use in Wastewater Treatment: A Critical Review

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Journal of Surface Engineered Materials and Advanced Technology 2012年第3期2卷 183-193页

作者： heidi Lynn Richards Priscilla G. L. Baker Emmanuel Iwuoha SensorLab Department of Chemistry University of the Western Cape Bellville South Africa.

Membrane separation processes have been widely applied in the treatment of wastewater. Polysulphone (PSF) membranes are the most common membranes used in ultrafiltration of wastewater due to its mechanical robustness and structural and chemical stability. Unfortunately these membranes are mostly hydrophobic by nature and therefore highly susceptible to fouling. Many studies have been conducted to increase the hydrophilic properties of the polysul-phone/ polyethersulfone membrane surface, more recently metal nanoparticles have been added to the polymer matrix in order to reduce fouling potential and increase membrane performance. TiO2 nanoparticles have proven successful in mitigating fouling of organic matter onto PES. Embedded Ag nanoparticles have improved virus removal from wastewater due to the bactericidal properties of silver. Al2O3 and most recently ZrO2 nanoparticles reduced the fouling rate of polyethersulfone membranes in wastewater, while the latter also showed lower flux decline of the composite membrane. These metal nanoparticles all impart specific properties onto the membrane surface. Scanning electron microscopy, steady state fouling rate and contact angle measurements are membrane characterisation techniques discussed in this review that reveal specific changes to membrane properties brought about by metal nanoparticles. This paper reviews the most recent developments and shortcomings of metal nanocomposite polysulfone and polyethersulfone (PES) membranes and strives to identify specific focus areas to consider in future research.

关键词： Polysulfone (PSF) Polyethersulfone (PES) Metal Nanoparticles Scanning Electron Microscopy Contact Angle Nanocomposite Hydrophobicity

TNFR1 Deficiency Protects Mice from Colitis-Associated Colorectal Cancer Coupled with a Decreased Level of Oxidative Damage in the Colon: Implications for Anti-TNF Therapy of Unremitting Colitis

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2012年第6期3卷 926-940页

作者： Rose Marie Stillie heidi L. Sapp Andrew W. Stadnyk Department of Microbiology & Immunology Dalhousie University Halifax Canada Department of Pediatrics Dalhousie University Halifax Canada. Division of Anatomical Pathology Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre Halifax Canada

It has long been appreciated that there is a direct relationship between the intensity and duration of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) and increasing intestinal cancer risk but which elements of the inflammatory response are responsible have not been identified. Anti-TNF drugs have been successful at treating IBD but considering the presumed anti-tumor activity of TNF, it is important to understand whether the treatment impacts on the patients’ intestinal cancer risk. We modeled this relationship by “treating mice lacking TNF receptors with a colon cancer causing combination of azoxymethane followed by repeated dextran sulphate sodium exposures (AOM + DSS regime). TNF receptor type1 gene deficient (TNFR1-/-) and TNFR2-/- mice experienced similar clinical illnesses and colonic inflammation as C57BL/6 wildtype controls during the AOM + DSS regime. Despite the inflammation, TNFR1-/- mice developed significantly fewer colon tumors than the other strains. The reduced tumor incidence was a product of the combined lack of receptor expression on hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic cells, shown using bone marrow cell chimeras of wildtype and TNFR1-/- mice. As oxidative damage is a potent contributing factor to tumorigenesis and inflammatory leukocytes make copious amounts of reactive oxygen radicals, we measured oxidative damage in the animals’ colons. TNFR1-/- mice showed less damage compared to the other strains. We subsequently examined mice deficient in their leukocyte NADPH oxidative pathway (Nox2-/-) for their cancer incidence using the AOM + DSS regime. Nox2-/- mice became inflamed but had fewer tumors than wildtype mice. We conclude that TNF promotes colon cancer including through promoting oxidative processes utilizing TNFR1 in leukocytes. Moreover, the C57BL/6 strain can be used to dissociate mechanisms of colon inflammation from tumorigenic processes. We interpret our results to mean that IBD patients on TNF antagonist therapies will potentially benefit with redu

关键词： TNF Receptor Colitis Associated Cancer Colorectal Cancer Azoxymethane

Urinary incontinence in Norwegian nursing home residents

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Open Journal of Nursing 2012年第2期2卷 116-122页

作者： Liv heidi Skotnes Ragnhild Omli Ulla Romild Ove Hellzen Esther Kuhry Department of Health Sciences Mid-Sweden UniversityOstersundSweden Department of Medicine Division of GeriatricsNord-Trondelag Health TrustNamsosNorway Department of Research and Development Nord-Trøndelag Health TrustNamsosNorway Nord-Trondelag University College NamsosNorway Department of Surgery St.Olavs HospitalTrondheimNorway

Urinary incontinence is a multi-factorial condition that has a high impact on older persons living in nursing homes. While urinary incontinence is common, only a small percentage of nursing home residents have an official diagnosis. Factors influencing urinary incontinence in this population are poorly understood. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of urinary incontinence in Norwegian nursing home residents and to study the factors associated with urinary incontinence in this population. Residents from six different nursing homes were included in this study. Data on sex, age, medication, comorbid illnesses, urinary incontinence and the use of absorbent pads was collected. Barthel`s Index of Activities of Daily Living (ADL) was used to estimate residents’ functional levels. Post-voiding residual urine was measured by means of a portable ultrasound. A questionnaire was completed by the nursing staff for each of the residents. In total, 173 residents participated in the study. One hundred and twenty-two residents (69%) were incontinent for urine and 144 used absorbent pads (83%). Fourteen percent of residents used absorbent pads ‘just to make sure’. They did not have a history of urinary incontinence. Low ADL score, dementia and urinary tract infection were significantly associated with incontinence for urine. The prevalence of urinary incontinence in Norwegian nursing homes is high. Absorbent products are frequently used without a history of urinary incontinence. Physical impairment, dementia and urinary tract infections are significantly associated with urinary incontinence.

关键词： Nursing Home Urinary Incontinence

《星际争霸Ⅱ》2011年度盘点——诸雄并起，百家争鸣

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大众软件 2012年第2期 130-133页

作者： heidi 天津

经历过初入联赛意外落马的壮志未酬，荣耀过GSL四冠宇内无双的辉煌，亦饱尝跌入A级遍受非议之苦，重回巅峰的人族皇帝MVP无疑是2011年度最大赢家，接连斩获GSL联赛、暴雪精英赛，MLG、WCG等多项冠军，不免为枭雄乱战的2011增添了几分个... 详细信息

经历过初入联赛意外落马的壮志未酬，荣耀过GSL四冠宇内无双的辉煌，亦饱尝跌入A级遍受非议之苦，重回巅峰的人族皇帝MVP无疑是2011年度最大赢家，接连斩获GSL联赛、暴雪精英赛，MLG、WCG等多项冠军，不免为枭雄乱战的2011增添了几分个人色彩。MVP的巅峰实力并不出乎众人意料，他是第一位在当打之年转入在诸雄中居于上流。”星际2”的星际主力选手，无论是运营，操作还是大局观都由于其出众的综合实力，MVP在转型之初便展现出巨大的统治力。

关键词：《星际争霸Ⅱ》度盘 MVP 综合实力 GSL WCG 人族

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作家林青霞:没人能一辈子做大美人

婚姻与家庭（婚姻情感版） 2011年第12期 7-9页

作者： heidi

刘德华被问"何谓美丽",他答"林青霞";琼瑶感叹:"再没遇到过第二个可以和青霞媲美的女子";好友贾安妮说:"大城市里漂亮女人何其多,可青霞的美丽却与众不同,她是那种令人看一眼就邪念全无的美";丈夫邢李原说:"她能诠释男人对美丽的全部定义!"

关键词：林青霞刘德华安妮她的声音女演员娱乐圈邓丽君男主角一只手玄圭

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今日中学生 2003年第Z4期 35-36页

作者： heidi

*** stand still(平静)in the sky, flashing(闪光)and smiling all the time. You’ll never reach them, They are so far away,that’s why. Who are they?

关键词： US

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趣味问答

今日中学生 2003年第Z5期 40-41页

作者： heidi

*** mother gave birth to me when she was 36years old. So when I was 12, she was 48, 4 times asold as I was. Do you think when I become 24, she’llstill get 4 times as old as I am?

关键词： when