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Factors associated with tobacco, alcohol, and other drug use among youth living in West Central Mexico

World Journal of Psychiatry 2018年第1期8卷 33-42页

作者： Octavio Campollo Payam Sheikhattari Cesar Alvarez Jaime Toro-Guerrero hector Sanchez Avila Fernando A Wagner Center of Studies on Alcohol and Addictions Antiguo Hospital Civil de Guadalajara Department of Medical ClinicsUniversidad de Guadalajara Prevention Sciences Research Center and School of Community Health and Policy Morgan State University Charité-Universit?tsmedizin Berlin NeuroCure Clinical Research Center School of Social Work University of Maryland

AIM To determine the prevalence of drug and substance abuse among high school students in Jalisco and its association with the severity of health, behavior and psychosocial problems in order to provide evidence for possible prevention and treatment needs. METHODS A multi-stage random sample of Jalisco high school students was given a paper-and-pencil survey based upon an adapted version of the drug use screening inventory(DUSI)(n = 24699; n = 2832). The DUSI showed adequate psychometric characteristics in this population. The statistical analyses accommodated the complex survey design with attention to unequal probability of selection and clustering of participants within schools and regions. RESULTS An estimated 44% of the students had smoked tobacco, one in five students was a current smoker, and one in four students used to smoke but had not smoked for one year or more. By contrast, 6.8% of the students reported having used marijuana, cocaine, or both. Behavioral problems, deviant peer affiliation, and troubled families were independently associated with drug use. One in two students who used tobacco or alcohol had used these drugs in the past year(46% and 54%, respectively), and one in four students who used marijuana or cocaine in their lifetime had used those drugs in the past year(28% in both cases). CONCLUSION The rates of cocaine use as well as the proportion of current users were higher than expected among high school students and indicate changing patterns of drug use in Mexico. These results corroborate that the general trend of drug use by youth in Mexico is increasing. Results from this study help us better understand the needs of at-risk youth and the need for new treatment and prevention strategies.

关键词： Tobacco Alcohol Marijuana Illegal drugs Mexico Students Epidemiology

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Recent advances in bird sperm morphometric analysis and its role in male gamete characterization and reproduction technologies

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2016年第6期18卷 882-888页

作者： Julian Santiago-Moreno Milagros Cristina Esteso Silvia Villaverde-Morcillo Adolfo Toledano-Diaz Cristina Castafio Rosario Velazquez Antonio lopez-Sebastian Agustin lopez Goya Javier Gimeno Martinez Department of Animal Reproduction INIA 28040 Madrid Spain Veterinary Clinical and Research Services Fieb Foundation 28760 Tres Cantos Madrid Spain FAUNIA 28032 Madrid Spain

Postcopulatory sexual selection through sperm competition may be an important evolutionary force affecting many reproductive traits, including sperm morphometrics. Environmental factors such as pollutants, pesticides, and climate change may affect different sperm traits, and thus reproduction, in sensitive bird species. Many sperm-handling processes used in assisted reproductive techniques may also affect the size of sperm cells. The accurately measured dimensions of sperm cell structures （especially the head） can thus be used as indicators of environmental influences, in improving our understanding of reproductive and evolutionary strategies, and for optimizing assisted reproductive techniques （e.g., sperm cryopreservation） for use with birds. Computer-assisted sperm morphometry analysis （CASA-Morph） provides an accurate and reliable method for assessing sperm morphometry, reducing the problem of subjectivity associated with human visual assessment. Computerized systems have been standardized for use with semen from different mammalian species. Avian spermatozoa, however, are filiform, limiting their analysis with such systems, which were developed to examine the approximately spherical heads of mammalian sperm cells. To help overcome this, the standardization of staining techniques to be used in compute^-assessed light microscopical methods is a priority. The present review discusses these points and describes the sperm morphometric characteristics of several wild and domestic bird species.

关键词： avian computer-assisted assay morphometry spermatozoa

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Calling for a Hero:The Displacement of the Nezha Archetypal Image from Chinese Animated Film Nezha Naohai(1979)to New Gods:Nezha Reborn(2021)

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Fudan Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences 2022年第3期15卷 389-409页

作者： Thomas William Whyke Joaquin lopez Mugica Zhejiang University International Business School Institute of China StudiesZhejiang University718 East Haizhou RdHaining 314400ZhejiangPeople’s Republic of China Department of Liberal Arts University of Wenzhou-Kean in ChinaWenzhouPeople’s Republic of China

From the classical Chinese literary masterpiece Investiture of the Gods to contemporary flm animation,Nezha’s image is *** the portrayals of Nezha,namely in those most celebrated animated flms,we argue that his role as the epitome of a‘god like fgure’is in constant displacement and *** the framework of archetype and displacement as advanced by Northrop Frye,with a more pluralistic myth analysis extension found in the myth critique of Gilbert Durand,this article examines the multi-layered mythical mini structures within Nezha’s displacement and return in Chinese animation,to explore the themes,images,and archetype represented by the character from the perspective of Chinese history and *** argue that Nezha’s displacement and return in Chinese animation expresses the need and call for a traditional heroic image in a particular *** such,Nezha’s intertextuality exposes the profound inner patterns that form and refashion the Chinese collective unconscious,performing as a recurring mirror that symbolically inform and transform human experiences in China.

关键词： Chinese animation Nezha Archetype Displacement Return

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Double Consciousness of Chinese Modernity:in the Cosmopolitan Ruins of Shanghai

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Fudan Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences 2022年第3期15卷 411-435页

作者： Joaquin lopez-Mugica Thomas William Whyke University of Wenzhou-Kean WenzhouChina University of Nottingham NingboChina School of International Communications University of Nottingham Ningbo ChinaNingboZhejiangChina

This paper examines the inextricable relationship between the uncanny effects of knocking down Shanghai’s central district and their traumatic post-colonial *** value of the Chinese ruin,with its apocalyptic and contemporary imagery,begs to be discussed from a western perspective of ruin admiration as a metaphor for decadence and *** points to a new consciousness of globalization as means of conceptualizing well-established post-colonial orders at the heart of the urban deterioration of *** a potential concept to spark a dialogue of cosmopolitanism between China and the west,urban ruins can be analyzed as a transnational,creative ethos that reimagines the Chinese city as never *** the work of the Canadian photographer Greg Girard(born 1955),this article examines how his photograph book presents a cosmopolitan image of Shanghai’s derelict‘community lanes’(longtang or lilong)built in the city’s International Concessions(1842–1949),in which the past,present,and future are interwoven and *** authors argue that his ruin photography not only retriggers material knowledge of the city but also repurposes transcultural and creative expressions of mutually spectral moments of destruction and production between the east and the west,in which a myriad of potential features are discovered.

关键词： Post-colonial spaces Material ruins Hospitality Cosmopolitanism Hauntology

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Long-term esophageal and respiratory outcomes in children with esophageal atresia and tracheoesophageal fistula

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Gastroenterology Report 2016年第4期4卷 310-314,I0002页

作者： Richard H.Cartabuke Rocio lopez Prashanthi N.Thota Department of Internal Medicine Cleveland ClinicClevelandOHUSA Department of Biostatistics Cleveland ClinicClevelandOHUSA Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Cleveland ClinicClevelandOHUSA

Objectives:Few studies have evaluated the long-term complications and outcomes of esophageal atresia with or without tracheoesophageal fistula(EA/TEF)beyond *** aim of our study was to characterize the esophageal and respiratory morbidity of EA/TEF through evaluation of clinical symptoms,diagnostic testing and therapeutic intervention at a tertiary care ***:Patients with congenital EA/TEF evaluated from 2011 to 2014 were *** characteristics,type and mode of repair of EA/TEF,clinical symptoms,radiographic,endoscopic,bronchoscopic and medication use data were ***:A total of 43 patients were *** median age of this predominantly Caucasian population was 8 years(interquartile range:3,20).Twenty(62.5%)had type C(EA with distal TEF)***-one(48.8%)patients had heartburn,19(44.1%)had acid regurgitation,and 31(72.1%)had dysphagia to *** swallow in 26 patients revealed strictures in 17(65.4%),dysmotility in 20(76.9%)and recurrent fistulas in four patients(15.4%).Thirty patients underwent upper endoscopy,of which 21(70.0%)had a stricture,and six(20.0%)had recurrent fistula requiring surgical ***(18.6%)patients underwent *** evaluation showed cough and choking in 31(72.1%)patients and dyspnea and wheezing in 32(53.4%)*** respiratory infections were reported in 19(44.2%).*** findings included tracheomalacia in 86.7% and restrictive lung disease in 54.5%of ***:There is a high burden of residual esophageal and pulmonary pathology in patients with EA/*** follow-up is required to monitor both the clinical symptoms and treatment responses.

关键词： esophageal atresia tracheoesophageal fistula gastroesophageal reflux disease(GERD) esophageal dysmotility aspiration pneumonia

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Behavioural responses of ex-situ captive hippopotamus (Hippopotamus amphibius) in lactation season: Maternal investment and plasticity of infant self-independence

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Frontiers in Biology 2010年第6期5卷 556-563页

作者： Wei CHEN Mallikarjun PHANDIGUND Jinghua MA Lucia lopez lopez Xianfu ZHANG Department of Evolutionary Ecology and Genetics Zoological InstituteUniversity of KielKiel 24118Germany Ecology Center University of KielKiel 24118Germany Hangzhou Wildlife Park Hangzhou 311422China Breeding Base for State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Forest Cultivation Zhejiang A&F UniversityZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 311300China

In order to promote hippopotamus manage-ment in the captive and ex-situ environment,especially the control of behavioural and physiological status during breeding and lactation seasons,we conducted a prelimin-ary study on behavioural responses of a pair of hippos including both mother and infant in Hangzhou Wildlife Park,*** study of the captive hippos for about 1-month in the lactation season was carried out during August and September,*** behavioural patterns were identiﬁed by all occurrence sampling and instanta-neous scanning sampling methods with 5–10 min *** a result,mother-offspring conﬂicts and interactions did occur throughout the whole study *** maternal investment showed a positive trend in activity rhythms(slope=0.0014,Z=0.3027,P<0.001)and a negative trend(slope=–0.0066,Z=0.8807,P<0.001)in territorial occupation of water,all of which supported our hypotheses that the mother hippo might exert less care for the infant and cut down on her own obligations in *** infant self-independence,during the whole lactation season,the primary trends of activities and territorial occupation dynamics of the infant hippo were slightly different from before,judging from linear models(slope=–0.0017,Z=0.3309,P<0.001).However,the frequencies of activities were not stable,especially at around 12 days of *** trends of territorial occupation(slope=–0.0071,Z=0.904,P<0.001)also showed negative dynamics in water body occupation by the time the infant hippo grew *** general trend(slope=–0.005,Z=0.06,P<0.001)of suckling dynamics was demonstrably negative,with an upwardsﬂuctuation at period 3(10–15th day).This also illustrated that as the infant developed,the dependency on the mother was reduced at the end of the lactation *** addition,a sharp decline between P3 and P4 also supported the mother-offspring conﬂict *** general,time budgets of hippos in active behaviour were(31.8�2.1)%for the mother and(32.1�2.6)%for the ***

关键词： hippopotamus(hippopotamus amphibius) behaviour captive maternal investment infant indepen-dence lactation season zoo

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Using high-throughput data and dynamic flux balance modeling techniques to identify points of constraint in xylose utilization in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

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Systems Microbiology and Biomanufacturing 2021年第1期1卷 58-75页

作者： William Hohenschuh Ronald E.hector Frank Chaplen Ganti S.Murthy Oregon State University CorvallisUSA USDA ARSNCAURPeoriaUSA Present Address:EMD Serono Inc. RocklandUSA Present Address:Indian Institute of Technology-Indore IndoreIndia

Background Several enzymes and cofactors have been identified as contributing to the slow utilization of xylose by xylose-fermenting strains of Saccharomyces ***,there has been no consensus on which of these possible bottle-necks are the most important to address.A previous strain characterization study from our lab suggested that insufficient NAD+limits fermentation and may be the most important bottleneck affecting utilization of xylose for the production of *** development and validation of a genome scale dynamic flux balance model would help to verify the existence and extent of this and other metabolic bottlenecks and suggest solutions to guide future strain development thereby minimiz-ing bottleneck impact on process *** A dynamic flux balance model was developed to identify bottlenecks in several strains of ***,both with wild-type pentose phosphate pathway expression and with the pathway over ***1 was found to be limiting in the oxidative portion of the pentose phosphate pathway under oxygen replete *** pathway is used to regenerate *** oxygen limiting conditions,respiration of xylose was limited by the lack of oxygen as a terminal electron *** production was also limited under these conditions due to the inability to balance NAD+/*** model suggests the use of the anaplerotic glyoxylate pathway to improve NAD+/NADH balance,increasing ethanol produc-tion by 50%while producing succinate as a coproduct at upwards of 20 g/*** In the production of high value chemicals from biomass,the use of the respiratory metabolism is a waste of feedstock *** previously identified in the oxidative pentose phosphate pathway are currently only relevant under oxygen-replete conditions and cannot impact the partitioning of carbon between the respiratory and fermentative *** future efforts on the non-respiratory balancing of NAD+/NADH,perhaps through th

关键词： Xylose Ethanol Biofuel Lignocellulose Metabolic bottlenecks Flux balance analysis Modeling Cofactor imbalance Glyoxylate pathway NAD+ NADH

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High pressure responsive luminescence of flexible Eu^(3+) doped PVDF fibrous mats

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2021年第7期66卷 103-111页

作者： Carlos Hernandez San tosh K.Gupta Jose P.Zuniga Jorge Vidal Rene Galvan hector Guzman Lilian Chavez Karen Lozano Yuanbing Mao Department Department of Chemistry University of Texas Rio Grande Valley1201 West University DriveEdinburgTX 78539USA Radiochemistry Division Bhabha Atomic Research CentreTrombayMumbai400085USA Department of Electrical Engineering University of Texas Rio Grande ValleyEdinburgTX 78539USA Department of Chemistry Illinois Institute of Technology3105 South Dearborn StreetChicagoIL 60616USA

Exploring lanthanide doped materials and their high-pressure optical properties is important from the perspective of designing pressure sensors, piezoelectric materials, scintillators, and optoelectronic devices, just to mention a few. Understanding the high-pressure optical properties of polymeric fibrous mats provides significant advantages in terms of flexibility, tunability, facile processability, and malleability. In this work, we have developed flexible polyvinylidene difluoride(PVDF) fibrous mats doped with an Eu^(3+) source of Eu(NO_(3))_(3)·5H_(2)O(EN-PF) or Eu_(2)(SO_(4))_(3)(ES-PF) by a Forcespinning■ method. Microstructural analysis of these two systems indicates that Eu(NO_(3))_(3)·5H_(2)O and Eu_(2)(SO_(4))_(3) are homogeneously distributed and dispersed into the PVDF matrix. Fiber formation promotes a β-phase PVDF. Eu^(3+) doping increases the β-phase. Its fraction is larger for the ES-PF mats. To understand their high-pressure optical properties, their photoluminescence spectra have been taken at various pressures up to 58 GPa in a diamond anvil cell. High-pressure luminescence illustrates a clear change in asymmetry ratio, peak intensity, peak breadth, color coordinate, and color temperature of Eu^(3+) ions from both EN-PF and ES-PF with a different extent of changes. Specifically, Eu^(3+) ions in the ES-PF mats switch from asymmetric to symmetric environment as pressure increases. Those in the EN-PF mats present symmetric environment for all tested pressures. Both of the Eu^(3+) doped PVDF systems present irreversible changes. Therefore,the EN-PF fibrous mats present an opportunity to make pressure induced red-orange-yellow tunable phosphors for multifunctional applications.

关键词： Polyvinylidene difluoride Europium Fiber High pressure Luminescence

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Photovoltaic-based DC microgrid with partial shading and fault tolerance

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2019年第2期7卷 340-349页

作者： Carlos CORREA-BETANZO Hugo CALLEJA Carlos AGUILAR Adolfo R.lopez-NUNEZ Elías RODRIGUEZ Electronics Department National Center for Research and Development of Technology62490 CuernavacaMorelosMexico Electronics Department Technological Institute of Celaya38010 CelayaGuanajuatoMexico

Partial shading is a common problem that affects bus regulation in DC microgrids with several photovoltaic(PV) modules as energy sources, as a result of reduced solar irradiance reaching the *** problem can be mitigated by incorporating batteries, but if they are not included, appropriate control strategies must be used. This paper presents a new approach in a PV-based DC microgrid, which provides a high-quality bus voltage regulation in islanding mode, without being affected by partial shading or problems associated with PV module connection and disconnection. The solution proposed herein ensures a proper voltage regulation without being affected by problems such as failures in PV modules or mismatch between them. Besides, it can help to prevent PV partial shade stress by disconnecting the affected modules. A further advantage of the approach is the flexibility to connect more PV modules. The advantages of this approach were verified in a 200 W prototype.

关键词： Photovoltaic Microgrid Partial shading Fault Control strategy

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遗传性短QT综合征的研究进展

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中华心血管病杂志 2019年第5期47卷 413-416页

作者：石少波 hector Barajas-Martinez 胡丹武汉大学人民医院心内科武汉大学心血管病研究所心血管病湖北省重点实验室 430060 美国宾夕法尼亚州温纽伍德市兰肯瑙医学研究所 19096

短QT综合征是以QT间期缩短、心脏性猝死高风险为特征的遗传性心脏离子通道病。它属于常染色体显性遗传,发病罕见,与编码钾通道和钙通道的基因突变有关,基因突变导致的IKr、IKs、IK1增大和ICa,L功能丢失,使净外向电流增加或内向电流减少... 详细信息

短QT综合征是以QT间期缩短、心脏性猝死高风险为特征的遗传性心脏离子通道病。它属于常染色体显性遗传,发病罕见,与编码钾通道和钙通道的基因突变有关,基因突变导致的IKr、IKs、IK1增大和ICa,L功能丢失,使净外向电流增加或内向电流减少,复极加速,动作电位时程缩短和复极离散度增加,最终触发室性心动过速/心室颤动(VT/VF)。植入式心脏复律除颤器是唯一有效的防治心脏性猝死的手段,奎尼丁和索他洛尔通过延长有效不应期和QT间期,可有效预防VT/VF。

关键词：短QT综合征心脏性猝死流行病学

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